Power battery monitoring system and method, battery charging and replacing device and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a power battery monitoring system and method, a battery charging and replacing device and a vehicle. The system disclosed by the invention comprises a battery chip module which is arranged in a power battery and is configured to store battery state data of the power battery; the plurality of battery bearing entities are used for being coupled or decoupled with the power battery so as to charge, change, store or use the power battery, and the battery bearing entities are configured to read the battery state data of the battery chip module when being coupled to the power battery; before decoupling with the power battery, writing battery state data generated during the operation of the battery bearing entity into the battery chip module; and the cloud server is used for responding to the condition that the power battery is coupled to any one battery bearing entity or is decoupled from any one battery bearing entity, obtaining the battery state data from the battery bearing entity and calculating the health degree of the power battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of vehicle batteries, and in particular to a power battery monitoring system and method, a charging and swapping device, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] When it comes to electric vehicle battery energy management, there are multiple ways to replenish energy, such as charging and battery swapping at battery swap stations, and charging at charging piles. Existing designs or regulatory requirements require real-time calculation, monitoring, reading, and writing of safety data, such as the health status, of the vehicle's power battery. However, the frequent replenishment of power batteries and the change in replenishment methods (e.g., charging, battery swapping, or both) result in discontinuous monitoring of various power battery safety data, and an inability to effectively monitor changes in power battery data over extended usage or charging cycles. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present disclosure aims to provide a power battery monitoring system and method, a charging and swapping device, and a vehicle.

[0004] The power battery monitoring system of the first aspect of the present disclosure includes: a battery chip module, which is arranged on the power battery and configured to store battery status data of the power battery; a plurality of battery carrying entities, the battery carrying entities are used to couple or decouple with the power battery to charge, replace, store or use the power battery, and the battery carrying entities are configured to: read the battery status data of the battery chip module when coupled to the power battery; before decoupling from the power battery, write the battery status data generated during the operation of the battery carrying entity into the battery chip module; a cloud server, in response to the power battery being coupled to or decoupled from any battery carrying entity, obtain the battery status data from the battery carrying entity and calculate the health of the power battery.

[0005] According to the power battery monitoring system of one or more embodiments, optionally, the battery status data includes one or more of the following: initial available energy value, available energy value before decoupling from the battery carrier entity, health, initial charge SOC, charge before decoupling from the battery carrier entity, and the running mileage of the vehicle using the power battery.

[0006] According to the power battery monitoring system of one or more embodiments, optionally, the cloud server is further configured to write back the calculated health status to the battery chip module through the battery carrier entity to which the power battery is currently coupled.

[0007] According to the power battery monitoring system of one or more embodiments, optionally, any one of the multiple battery carrying entities is any one of the following: a charging pile, a vehicle, and a battery swap station.

[0008] According to the power battery monitoring system of one or more embodiments, optionally, when the power battery is charged by the charging pile or battery swap station to which it is coupled, when the available energy of the power battery reaches a first predetermined energy threshold, the battery swap station or charging pile writes the battery status data of the power battery into the battery chip module and / or transmits it to the cloud server.

[0009] According to the power battery monitoring system of one or more embodiments, optionally, when the power battery is used by the vehicle to which it is coupled, when the available energy of the power battery reaches a second predetermined energy threshold, the vehicle writes the battery status data of the power battery into the battery chip module and / or transmits it to the cloud server.

[0010] According to the power battery monitoring system of one or more embodiments, optionally, when the power battery is coupled to a vehicle, the battery chip module writes the battery status data of the power battery into the vehicle.

[0011] According to the power battery monitoring system of one or more embodiments, optionally, when the power battery is coupled to the battery swap station, the battery status data of the power battery is written to the battery swap station and / or transmitted to a cloud server.

[0012] The power battery monitoring method of the second aspect of the present disclosure includes the following steps: in response to the connection of the power battery, reading the battery status data of the battery chip module of the power battery, wherein the battery chip module is arranged on the power battery and configured to store the power battery and battery status data; in response to disconnection from the power battery, writing the battery status data before disconnection into the battery chip module; in response to disconnection or connection with the power battery, transmitting the battery status data from the battery chip module to a cloud server to calculate the health of the power battery.

[0013] The charging and swapping device of the third aspect of the present disclosure includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the power battery monitoring method according to any of the aforementioned embodiments is implemented.

[0014] The vehicle of the fourth aspect of the present disclosure includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the power battery monitoring method according to any of the aforementioned embodiments is implemented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of modules of a power battery monitoring system 100 according to some embodiments is shown.

[0016] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a power battery monitoring method 200 according to some embodiments is shown.

[0017] Figure 3A schematic flow chart of a power battery monitoring method 300 according to some embodiments is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following describes some of the various embodiments of the present disclosure, which are intended to provide a basic understanding of the present disclosure, but are not intended to identify the key or decisive elements of the present disclosure or to limit the scope of protection.

[0019] For the purpose of brevity and illustration, the principles of the present disclosure are described herein primarily with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the same principles are equally applicable to and can be implemented in all types of power battery monitoring systems and methods, charging and swapping devices, and vehicles, and that any such variations do not depart from the true spirit and scope of this patent application.

[0020] Moreover, in the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate specific exemplary embodiments. Electrical, mechanical, logical, and structural changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. In addition, although a feature of the present disclosure is disclosed in conjunction with only one of several embodiments, this feature may be combined with one or more other features of other embodiments as may be desired and / or advantageous for any given or identifiable function. Therefore, the following description should not be regarded in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0021] Terms such as “having” and “including” indicate that in addition to the units (modules) and steps directly and clearly stated in the specification and claims, the technical solution of the present disclosure does not exclude the situation where it has other units (modules) and steps that are not directly or clearly stated.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a power battery monitoring system according to some embodiments is shown. The power battery monitoring system includes:

[0023] The battery chip module 110 is provided in the power battery and is configured to store the battery status data of the power battery. The battery chip module 110 can be provided, for example, in the control chip of the power battery and configured to store the battery status data of the power battery, and optionally store the unique number of the power battery (such as an identifier ID, which is bound to the physical body of the battery). The battery status data can, for example, include at least: the initial available energy of the power battery, the available energy before the power battery is replaced, and the initial state of charge (or remaining charge, SOC) and state of charge before replacement of the power battery, as well as the cumulative mileage of the vehicle using the battery from the last update of the health information SOH / SOCE to the present, etc.

[0024] Multiple battery carrying entities 120, 130, 140 ( Figure 1 (Tentatively shown as 3, but it can be understood that it is not limited to 3), the battery carrying entity is used to couple or decouple with the power battery to charge, replace, store or use the power battery. The battery carrying entity is configured to: read the battery status data of the battery chip module when coupled to the power battery; before decoupling from the power battery, write the battery status data generated during the operation of the battery carrying entity into the battery chip module. When the battery carrying entity is coupled to the power battery, it reads various battery status data of the battery chip module through a wired or wireless manner (for example, a hardware interface (such as a CAN bus)); before decoupling from the power battery, it writes the dynamic data generated during operation (such as the energy increment of the charging process, the energy consumption data used on the vehicle, the battery replacement operation timestamp, etc.) into the battery chip module, and for example, it can further synchronously generate a data interaction log.

[0025] Among them, Figure 1 In the figure, dotted lines illustrate the coupling / decoupling of the power battery (and its battery chip module 110) and the battery-carrying entities 120, 130, and 140, or the coupling / decoupling of the battery-carrying entities 120, 130, and 140 with each other, as well as possible data transmission channels between them. The word "coupling" can refer to the power battery being installed (e.g., swapped) in a vehicle, stored in a battery swap station for charging and swapping, or connected to a charging pile for charging; the word "decoupling" can refer to the power battery being removed from a battery swap station (and then installed in a vehicle), removed from a vehicle (and then stored in a battery swap station), or disconnected from a charging pile.

[0026] In response to the power battery being coupled to or decoupled from any battery carrier entity, the cloud server 150 obtains battery status data from the battery carrier entity and calculates the health of the power battery. For example, the battery health can be defined as SOCE (state of charge energy), which is defined as the percentage of the available battery capacity measured after the power battery is fully charged to the reported available battery capacity.

[0027] In addition, in some examples, the measurement and calculation of the power battery's health may require a significant change in the power battery's charge level. This typically requires charging to a relatively high state of charge (SOC) during the vehicle's use cycle and then depleting the battery to a lower SOC during use to complete a relatively accurate calculation of the battery's health. Therefore, in some examples, certain usage time conditions (such as a longer vehicle use cycle) must be met to improve the accuracy of the measurement and calculation. For example, California regulations in the United States require at least one health measurement and update of the vehicle's relevant stored values ​​within 4,000 miles of driving.

[0028] Thus, in some examples, the power battery monitoring disclosed in the present invention can solve the problem that the battery health of the vehicle cannot be effectively calculated and matched with the vehicle due to frequent battery replacement or charging. In addition, the replaced power battery is recorded on the vehicle, and the battery number and / or energy consumption related information can be transmitted to the cloud server in various scenarios, from the time the power battery is replaced on the vehicle to the time the vehicle's power battery power is consumed to a certain extent and enters the power battery replacement station to replace the power battery, so as to facilitate real-time and accurate calculation of health. In the power battery replacement station, for each power battery entering the station, its power from low power to full power can be recorded, and the battery number and / or related energy information can be transmitted to the cloud server. Thus, for example, the battery service provider calculates the health of the corresponding power battery based on the energy consumption process of the above-mentioned battery on the vehicle and the energy data of the power replenishment process in the charging station, and writes the health data of the corresponding battery into the battery chip module in the battery pack through the charging pile or the power battery replacement station. In addition, in other scenarios, when the power battery is replaced in a vehicle, the battery chip module interacts with the battery controller of the vehicle to write the battery number and, for example, the stored health status SOH / SOCE information into the vehicle's battery controller to meet the relevant regulations on the vehicle's monitoring requirements for the health of the power battery.

[0029] In some embodiments, the battery status data includes one or more of the following: initial available energy value, available energy value before decoupling from the battery carrier entity, health, initial state of charge (SOC), battery capacity before decoupling from the battery carrier entity, and vehicle mileage using the power battery. The initial available energy value may, for example, be the calibrated energy value of the battery after it is fully charged at a battery swap station, and the available energy value before decoupling may be the remaining energy value before onboard use or charging.

[0030] In some embodiments, the cloud server is further configured to write back the calculated health status to the battery chip module through the battery carrying entity to which the power battery is currently coupled. Specifically, after the battery completes the health status calculation at the battery swap station, the cloud server encrypts and transmits the newly calculated SOH / SOCE value to the battery swap station control system through the wired network interface (such as Ethernet) of the battery swap station, and then the battery swap station writes the chip through the battery interface; if the battery is currently coupled to a charging pile, the instruction is received through the charging pile's 4G / 5G module, for example, and the data writing is completed when charging is completed. In some examples, all write operations can be further accompanied by timestamps and digital signatures to ensure data traceability.

[0031] In some embodiments, any one of the multiple battery carrying entities is any one of the following: a charging pile, a vehicle, and a battery swap station. Among them, the battery swap station can, for example, manage the entire life cycle of the battery: record the complete energy curve from low power to full power during charging (voltage, current, and temperature are collected simultaneously), and complete the information interaction between the vehicle and the battery during battery swap. As a supplementary node, the charging pile can support energy data collection in temporary charging scenarios (such as recording the charging amount when the user replenishes energy in a non-battery swap station scenario). As a mobile data acquisition terminal, the vehicle monitors the energy consumption rate of the discharge process in real time through the on-board battery controller (BSM), and completes data sealing and data writing of the battery chip module before battery swap, and data transmission to the cloud server or battery swap station and charging pile.

[0032] In some embodiments, when the power battery is charged by the charging pile or battery swap station to which it is coupled, when the available energy of the power battery reaches a first predetermined energy threshold (such as a fully charged state, SOC ≥ 95%), the battery swap station or charging pile writes the battery status data of the power battery into the battery chip module and / or transmits it to the cloud server. The first predetermined energy threshold can be dynamically adjusted according to different battery types, and the written data includes information such as the power level at the end of charging and the charging time. If the charging does not reach the threshold but is interrupted (such as the user actively terminates the charging), the current power level and other information are recorded, and for example, it is marked as "incomplete charging cycle" to avoid invalid data interfering with the health calculation.

[0033] In some embodiments, when the power battery is used by the vehicle to which it is coupled, when the available energy of the power battery reaches a second predetermined energy threshold (such as SOC ≤ 5% or the remaining mileage is less than 20 kilometers), the vehicle writes the battery status data of the power battery into the battery chip module and / or transmits it to the cloud server. The second predetermined energy threshold is set as the critical value that triggers the battery replacement reminder. When the vehicle detects that the SOC is lower than the threshold, it automatically starts the data sealing program. For example, the energy consumption data, mileage and driving cycle data (such as average power, temperature curve) used this time are written into the battery chip module, and the data is uploaded to the cloud through the vehicle to provide more complete discharge cycle data for health calculation.

[0034] In some embodiments, when the power battery is coupled to the vehicle, the battery chip module writes the battery status data of the power battery to the vehicle. After the power battery is coupled to the vehicle, the vehicle battery controller (BSM) can first verify the legitimacy of the battery number ID (matching the authorized list of the battery swap station) after receiving the data. Then, in some examples, the SOH / SOCE value can be further compared with the threshold required by the regulations (such as SOCE ≥ 70%): if it does not meet the standards, the battery is prohibited from use and an alarm is issued to ensure that the battery health of the vehicle on the road is compliant; at the same time, the vehicle displays the battery health data in real time for the driver to monitor.

[0035] In some embodiments, when the power battery is coupled to the battery swap station, the battery status data of the power battery is written to the battery swap station and / or transmitted to the cloud server. The battery swap station, for example, reads the battery chip data through a fixed read-write device. In addition to conventional status parameters, it can also collect the physical status of the battery (such as shell temperature, electrolyte density). This part of the battery status data can be transmitted to the motion server via the communication module of the battery swap station. In other examples, the battery chip module of the power battery can be deployed with a communication submodule to transmit the battery status data to the cloud server.

[0036] Figure 2 FIG2 shows a flow chart of a power battery monitoring method 200 according to some embodiments. The method 200 includes the following steps:

[0037] In step 210, in response to the access of the power battery, the battery status data of the battery chip module of the power battery is read, wherein the battery chip module is provided in the power battery and is configured to store the power battery and the battery status data. Specifically, when the power battery is connected to a battery swap station, a charging pile or a vehicle, the battery carrying entity can trigger a reading program, for example, through a hardware interface (such as a CAN bus, an OBD diagnostic port or an RFID contactless communication): first, the power battery number or identifier ID is verified (matching the registration information in the service provider database). If the ID is invalid, access can be denied; if valid, the battery status data is read, including but not limited to health information, initial available energy value, available energy value before disconnection, initial power, power before disconnection, cumulative mileage since the last health update, and historical records such as the number of charge / discharge cycles.

[0038] In step 220, in response to disconnection from the power battery, the battery status data before disconnection is written to the battery chip module. For example, in the battery swap station scenario, the power battery is decoupled from the vehicle and coupled to the battery swap station. Before the power battery is charged to a first predetermined energy threshold (e.g., SOC ≥ 95%, which is dynamically adjusted according to the battery type) or the battery swap operation is completed, the battery swap station control system needs to write the battery status data of the charging process (such as charging amount, charging time, temperature curve) to the battery chip module, and attach a timestamp and operation type mark ("charging completed" or "battery swap operation"); in the vehicle scenario, when the power battery is discharged (e.g., driving the vehicle) to a second predetermined energy threshold (e.g., SOC ≤ 5% or remaining mileage < 20 kilometers) and a low battery reminder is triggered, the on-board battery controller (BSM) needs to seal the usage data, including energy consumption data, mileage, etc., or further include driving data (such as average power, number of rapid accelerations).

[0039] In step 230, in response to disconnection or connection with the power battery, the battery status data from the battery chip module is transmitted to the cloud server to calculate the health of the power battery. The trigger conditions for battery status data transmission include: (1) the battery is disconnected from the battery swap station, vehicle, or charging pile (such as battery swap completion, charging interruption); (2) the battery is connected to the vehicle or charging pile, or battery swap station. However, in some examples, it may also include, for example, reaching the health update cycle specified by the regulations (such as every 4,000 miles or 5,000 kilometers). The transmission content includes original data, update data, and pre-processed characteristic values ​​(such as energy change rate, cycle efficiency), such as battery status data, and is transmitted via, for example, a 4G / 5G network or a wired link. After receiving the data, the cloud server first verifies the data integrity (for example, by hash value comparison), and then uses an algorithm to calculate the health based on the multi-physics field model (taking into account temperature, charge and discharge depth, number of cycles) and regulatory standards (such as a certain regulation requiring SOH>80%, SOCE>70%, etc.), and generates a result. If the calculation result meets the update conditions (such as the accumulated mileage reaches the threshold and the data is complete), a new SOH / SOCE value is generated. Otherwise, the mileage data is accumulated until the conditions are met.

[0040] Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of a power battery monitoring method 300 according to some embodiments is shown. First, a vehicle requiring a battery swap enters a battery swap station and initiates the battery swap. At this point, the vehicle establishes a communication connection with the station, preparing to perform power battery replacement and associated data operations.

[0041] Figure 3In the left branch, the vehicle's battery status management module (BSM) will calculate the initial parameters required for parameters such as battery health (such as the battery's factory calibrated capacity, historical health benchmark values, etc.), for example, by writing them into the battery chip module of the power battery through a hardware communication interface (such as the CAN bus). The power battery enters the charging phase at the battery swap station, and the charging equipment collects battery voltage, current, temperature and other data in real time. When charging is completed (reaching the preset power threshold, such as SOC ≥ 95%), the battery swap station control system integrates the charging process data and generates charging completion data (including available energy after charging, power SOC, number of charging cycles, etc.). The battery swap station connects the power battery to the battery swap station through a wired / wireless network (such as Ethernet, 4G / 5G), and transmits the data of the power battery when charging is completed at the battery swap station to the cloud server. As the data hub, the cloud is responsible for storing and analyzing battery data throughout its life cycle, especially the calculation of the health of the power battery. Then, the cloud server can combine the charging data with historical cumulative mileage, number of cycles and other information to determine whether the SOH / SOCE calculation conditions are met (such as cumulative mileage of 4,000 miles, charging cycles of 100 times, and other regulatory / policy thresholds). If the SOH / SOCE calculation conditions are met, a new SOH / SOCE calculation is performed; if the cloud determines that the calculation conditions are not met (such as insufficient mileage / number of cycles), the original SOH / SOCE data of the battery is retained and no new calculation is performed. When the battery is subsequently replaced and installed, the vehicle BSM directly reads the historical health data in the chip to maintain the continuity of the status information. The newly calculated SOH / SOCE and supporting parameters (such as calculation timestamps and check codes) are first written to the power battery chip through the downlink channel of the battery swap station; after the battery is replaced and installed, the vehicle BSM reads from the battery chip and updates the local storage, which further ensures the consistency of data between the power battery, vehicle, battery swap station and cloud server.

[0042] exist Figure 3 In the right branch of the system, for scenarios where a vehicle uses a power battery, if the vehicle's power battery meets the SOH / SOCE calculation conditions (e.g., a battery swap reminder is triggered when the remaining charge SOC is ≤ 5% or the accumulated mileage reaches a threshold), the vehicle's BSM will proactively calculate the new SOH / SOCE and write it to the battery chip. If the conditions are not met, the original data is retained. This branch runs parallel to the battery swap station process, covering the data loop for power battery usage scenarios on the vehicle side.

[0043] Regardless of whether the data is updated, uploaded, archived, or calculated in scenarios where the power battery is used by a battery swap station or a vehicle, the latest (or original) SOH / SOCE data will be written into the vehicle's BSM and / or battery chip module when the power battery is finally swapped and installed. This further ensures data consistency among the power battery, vehicle, battery swap station, and cloud server.

[0044] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a battery charging and swapping device is provided. The battery charging and swapping device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores instructions that, when executed by the processor, implement the power battery monitoring method according to any of the aforementioned embodiments. For example, the battery charging and swapping device may include a battery swapping station that combines battery charging and swapping functions, a charging station that only has a battery charging function, and the like.

[0045] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, comprising a memory and a processor. The memory stores instructions that, when executed by the processor, implement the power battery monitoring method according to any of the aforementioned embodiments. The term "vehicle" as used in this disclosure is intended to refer to any suitable vehicle having a drive system, such as a hybrid electric vehicle, an electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, and the like.

[0046] The above mainly describes the power battery monitoring system and method, charging and swapping device, and vehicle of the present disclosure. Although only some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present disclosure can be implemented in many other forms without departing from its subject matter and scope. Therefore, the examples and embodiments shown are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and the present disclosure may encompass various modifications and substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power battery monitoring system, characterized in that: The system comprises: a battery chip module, which is provided in the power battery and configured to store battery status data of the power battery; A plurality of battery carrying entities, each of which is used to couple or decouple with the power battery to charge, replace, store or use the power battery, and each of which is configured to: read battery status data of the battery chip module when coupled to the power battery; and write battery status data generated during operation of the battery carrying entity into the battery chip module before decoupling from the power battery; The cloud server obtains battery status data from the battery carrying entity in response to the power battery being coupled to or decoupled from any battery carrying entity, and calculates the health of the power battery.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The battery status data includes one or more of the following: initial available energy value, available energy value before decoupling from the battery carrier entity, health, initial charge SOC, charge before decoupling from the battery carrier entity, and the vehicle's running mileage using the power battery.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The cloud server is further configured to write the calculated health status back to the battery chip module through the battery carrying entity to which the power battery is currently coupled.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein: Any one of the multiple battery carrying entities is any one of the following: a charging pile, a vehicle, and a battery swap station.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that When the power battery is charged by the charging pile or the battery swap station to which it is coupled, when the available energy of the power battery reaches a first predetermined energy threshold, the battery swap station or the charging pile writes the battery status data of the power battery into the battery chip module and / or transmits it to the cloud server.

6. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that When the power battery is used by the vehicle to which it is coupled, when the available energy of the power battery reaches a second predetermined energy threshold, the vehicle writes the battery status data of the power battery into the battery chip module and / or transmits it to the cloud server.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that When the power battery is coupled to the vehicle, the battery chip module writes battery status data of the power battery into the vehicle.

8. The system according to claim 4, wherein: When the power battery is coupled to the battery swap station, the battery status data of the power battery is written into the battery swap station and / or transmitted to the cloud server.

9. A power battery monitoring method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: In response to the connection of the power battery, reading battery status data of a battery chip module of the power battery, wherein the battery chip module is provided in the power battery and configured to store the power battery and the battery status data; In response to being disconnected from the power battery, writing the battery status data before the disconnection into the battery chip module; In response to disconnection or connection with the power battery, the battery status data from the battery chip module is transmitted to a cloud server to calculate the health of the power battery.

10. A charging and swapping device, characterized in that: The charging and swapping device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the power battery monitoring method according to claim 9 is implemented.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the power battery monitoring method according to claim 9 is implemented.

Images