Information expression method of model part manufacturing characteristics

Abstract

An information expression method for manufacturing features of a model part comprises the steps that redundant parts of a part raw material are removed through methods such as milling, and a to-be-machined blank is obtained; according to the manufacturing and machining requirements, listing the manufacturing characteristics of the model parts needing to be machined, and defining the manufacturing characteristics of the model parts in a binary mode to obtain a manufacturing characteristic database; the manufacturing features of the model part correspond to three primary color component color codes of RGB, the three primary color components of RGB are represented by 8 bits, the R primary color component color code corresponds to type information of the manufacturing features, the G primary color component color code corresponds to precision grade information of the manufacturing features, and the B primary color component color code corresponds to processing information of the manufacturing features; according to the method, the technical problem that a current numerical control automatic programming system cannot completely express geometric information and process constraint information of parts is solved, and the process of digitalization, informatization and intellectualization of numerical control programming is accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of parts processing, and in particular to an information expression method for manufacturing features of model parts. Background Art

[0002] At present, the complexity of CNC machining products is gradually increasing, and the requirements for CNC machining technology are also increasing accordingly. It is necessary to continuously improve the production efficiency of CNC machining.

[0003] At present, most companies involved in CNC machining record important information such as part design geometry information and machining process information in different files such as two-dimensional drawings, three-dimensional drawings and machining process cards. The degree of automation in CNC programming is low. One of the reasons restricting CNC programming automation is the lack of effective information expression methods for manufacturing features.

[0004] In a computer integrated system, the basic component unit of a part is a manufacturing feature. Manufacturing feature information includes processing information such as basic feature type, geometry and size, as well as process information related to processing and manufacturing. Part manufacturing features contain the manufacturing information required by the part model during the manufacturing process, such as geometric information in the part design process, processing information in the manufacturing production process, and measurement information in part inspection. For the above reasons, manufacturing features can be used as a bridge to connect CAD / CAPP / CAM, as an information carrier to achieve the organic integration of CAD / CAPP / CAM, and to fully integrate the geometric information and process constraint information of the model manufacturing features. At the same time, the STEP standard file, as a neutral file, provides a neutral interaction mechanism for the data information interaction of the part model that does not rely on a specific system.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research and development to develop an information expression method for the manufacturing characteristics of model parts. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for expressing the information of the manufacturing characteristics of model parts, which solves the technical problem that the numerical control automatic programming system cannot fully express the geometric information and process constraint information of the parts.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A method for expressing information of manufacturing features of model parts, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: First, remove the excess material of the part raw material by milling or other methods to obtain the blank to be processed;

[0009] Step 2: According to the requirements of manufacturing and processing, the manufacturing features of the model parts that need to be processed are listed, and the manufacturing features of the model parts are defined in a binary manner to obtain a manufacturing feature database;

[0010] Step 3: Match the manufacturing features of the model parts with the three RGB primary color components, where the R primary color component color corresponds to the type information of the manufacturing feature, the G primary color component color corresponds to the accuracy level information of the manufacturing feature, and the B primary color component color corresponds to the processing information of the manufacturing feature;

[0011] Step 4: The R primary color component color scale, the G primary color component color scale, and the B primary color component color scale are all represented by 8 bits. Each primary color component is encoded in binary, and the encoding is based on the manufacturing feature database in step 2.

[0012] Preferably: the first two bits of the 8 bits in the R primary color component color code represent the reserved function, and the last 6 bits are used to represent the type information of the feature.

[0013] Preferably: in the 8 bits of the G primary color component color code, bits 1-2 represent size accuracy, bits 3-4 represent shape accuracy, bits 5-6 represent position accuracy, and bits 7-8 represent surface quality.

[0014] Preferably: of the 8 bits in the B primary color component color code, the first 4 bits are used to represent the surface treatment of the feature, and the last 4 bits are used to represent the detection mark.

[0015] Preferably: the manufacturing feature database includes a manufacturing feature type information coding table, a dimensional accuracy, a shape accuracy, a position accuracy, a surface quality grade coding table, a surface treatment coding table, and a detection mark coding table.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention solves the technical problem that the current CNC automatic programming system cannot fully express the geometric information and process constraint information of parts, accelerates the digitalization, informatization and intelligentization of CNC programming, and can well help enterprises to ensure the uniqueness and accuracy of processing information in the process from part design to processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The process of forming the manufacturing features of the model parts;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a color coding system for manufacturing feature information of model parts;

[0019] Figure 3 Define color codes for type information of manufacturing features of model parts;

[0020] Figure 4 Define color codes for the accuracy levels of manufacturing features of model parts;

[0021] Figure 5 Define the color code for the processing information of the manufacturing features of the model parts;

[0022] Figure 6 An example diagram of a color coding system for manufacturing feature information of model parts;

[0023] Figure 7 RGB color value of the manufacturing feature information of the opening slot of the model part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] When an enterprise is engaged in production and manufacturing, after obtaining the raw materials of the parts to be processed, it must first mill the raw materials of the parts, remove some materials, and obtain semi-finished products suitable for batch deep processing, that is, blanks. Then, according to the requirements of manufacturing and processing, it determines the manufacturing features to be processed and designs the processing procedures.

[0026] like Figure 1 For ease of understanding, the following examples are given:

[0027] 1. Select the blank to be processed;

[0028] 2. According to the requirements of manufacturing and processing, list the manufacturing features that need to be processed; such as keyways, cylinders, and cuboids with chamfers.

[0029] 3. Remove the keyway, cylinder, and chamfered rectangle from the blank to form three manufacturing features: keyway, rectangular groove, and hole.

[0030] A manufacturing feature in a part is defined as the machined surface that contains both geometric and higher-level non-geometric information after the blank material is removed through basic machining operations. Let Ms represent the part blank, Mp represent the design model, wpi represent the volume of manufacturing feature material removed during the i-th machining operation, and n represent the number of machining operations. The design model machining production process can be expressed as:

[0031]

[0032] The manufacturing features of a part should also include the attribute information in the design model. For one of the manufacturing features Fp in the design model Mp, it can be expressed as:

[0033] F p =[S p, M op ]#(1-2)

[0034] Where Sp represents the information set of manufacturing feature information Fp, and Mop represents several entity models of Fp. Sp can be expressed as:

[0035] S p =[I p , O p ]#(1-3)

[0036] Where Ip is the information contained in the manufacturing feature, and Op is the CNC machining process. Ip can be expressed as:

[0037] I p =[GE p , SE p |#(1-4)

[0038] Where GEp is the geometric information of the manufacturing feature Ip, and SEp is the process constraint manufacturing information of the manufacturing feature Ip.

[0039] Manufacturing features include geometric information and process constraint information, where the geometric information includes: hole manufacturing features, groove manufacturing features, transition manufacturing features, and surface manufacturing features; process constraint information includes: dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy, position accuracy, surface quality, surface treatment process, etc. In order to better and more completely express the collection of information in manufacturing features, a manufacturing feature information expression method is introduced.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown: A manufacturing feature information color code system, which uniformly expresses the relevant information of manufacturing features, such as defining the manufacturing features of model parts in a binary manner, and defining them in a unified model file. The unified model file is called a manufacturing feature database. The manufacturing feature database includes a manufacturing feature type information coding table, a size accuracy, a shape accuracy, a position accuracy, a surface quality grade coding table, a surface treatment coding table, and a detection mark coding table; through the manufacturing feature database, different manufacturing features can be mapped to the RGB three channels; in the RGB color standard, red, green, and blue are independent of each other and are called RGB primary colors, among which Each primary color component is represented by 8 bits of binary, and its value range is 0-255, with a total of 256 levels of brightness values. According to the knowledge of permutations and combinations, there are 256*256*256 calculation methods for its combination. After calculation, it can be seen that 256 levels of RGB color can be combined into a total of about 16.78 million colors. By using the rich 8-bit expression of each primary color of RGB, the geometric information and process constraint information of the manufacturing feature are integrated into the color code, and then R (red) represents the type information of the manufacturing feature, G (green) represents the precision level information of the manufacturing feature, and B (blue) represents the processing information of the manufacturing feature.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure: Definition of the type information color code of the manufacturing feature; the first base color in the RGB(R) color code of the manufacturing feature is used to express the type information of the manufacturing feature. The types of manufacturing features are divided into four major feature types, namely: hole features, groove features, plane features, and transition features; each major feature type is divided into multiple small manufacturing features; a base color component is represented by 8 bits, of which the first two bits are used to ensure the scalability and inclusiveness of the color code system, so as a reserved function, the last 6 bits are used to represent the type information of the feature, and the maximum number that can be represented is 64 types of manufacturing features.

[0042] As shown in the following table (named Table 1): It is a manufacturing feature type information coding table, which color-codes the types of manufacturing features, hole features, groove features, plane features, and transition features in turn, and uses binary code 11 to encode the retained function code, displaying the color code of the manufacturing feature type.

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] Tolerance grades play an important guiding role in the production and manufacturing of various industries. According to national standards, tolerance grades are divided into 20 grades. During the manufacturing process, they stipulate the allowable range of variation of product size, shape, position and other factors. The constraints on the tolerance grades of manufacturing features are to ensure the interchangeability, reliability and stable quality of the products. At the same time, tolerance grades are usually based on national or international standards. According to the required accuracy and application fields, products are divided into different tolerance grades. Therefore, in the manufacturing and design process, by reasonably selecting the appropriate tolerance grade, the dimensional accuracy and quality of the product can be controlled, and the mutual matching and coordination between different parts can be ensured.

[0046] The surface quality of manufacturing features directly affects the processing technology settings of parts in CNC machining. For parts to have high wear resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and other properties in the working environment, they need to have high surface quality. At the same time, the service life and technical performance of parts also depend on the surface quality.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure: the second primary color in the RGB (G) color code of the manufacturing feature is used to express the accuracy level information of the manufacturing feature. For the accuracy level color code definition of the manufacturing feature, the 8 bits of the second primary color component are used to express dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy, position accuracy, and surface quality in two bits in sequence. That is, the 1st to 2nd bits represent dimensional accuracy, the 3rd to 4th bits represent shape accuracy, the 5th to 6th bits represent position accuracy, and the 7th to 8th bits represent surface quality.

[0048] Although there are 20 tolerance grades, in actual manufacturing, most parts are manufactured to tolerance grades IT4, IT5, IT6, and IT7. To minimize manufacturing costs while ensuring part performance, dimensional accuracy, form accuracy, and positional accuracy are divided into four accuracy grades: higher than IT7, equal to IT6, equal to IT5, and lower than IT4. The surface quality of manufactured features is also divided into four grades: Ra0.8um and above, Ra1.6um, Ra3.2um, and Ra6.3um and below.

[0049] As shown in the following tables: Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, and Table 5 are the coding tables for dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy, position accuracy, and surface quality grade respectively.

[0050] Table 2 Dimensional accuracy grade coding table

[0051]

[0052] Table 3 Shape accuracy grade coding table

[0053]

[0054] Table 4 Position accuracy level coding table

[0055]

[0056] Table 5 Surface quality grade coding table

[0057]

[0058] The processing information in the manufacturing features includes: surface treatment and inspection marks. Surface treatment is a processing method that artificially strengthens the surface of the part processing material to form a surface layer with different mechanical, physical and chemical properties from the part processing; the surface of the part coating treatment is to ensure the corrosion resistance, wear resistance, decoration or other special performance requirements of the part; for metal castings, the more commonly used surface treatment methods are: matte, bluing, strengthening, nitriding, carburizing, nitriding, painting, quenching, tempering, normalizing, etc. Inspection marks are important marks that staff place on product parts that affect the performance of product parts. The indicators that need to be tested are information such as accuracy grade and surface treatment conditions; different model parts, in different application scenarios, require different indicators to be tested, so the inspection marks will be different.

[0059] like Figure 5As shown in the figure: the processing information color code definition of the manufacturing feature. The third primary color in the RGB (B) color code of the manufacturing feature is used to express the processing information of the manufacturing feature. In the third primary color component, the first 4 bits are used to represent the surface treatment of the feature, and the last 4 bits are used to represent the detection mark.

[0060] As shown in the following table: Table 6 is the surface treatment coding table, Table 7 is the detection mark coding table, the surface treatment will be divided into 11 process methods for coding, among which the first processing method is: no surface treatment, starting from the code 0000 (Table 6); the detection mark will be divided into 16 detection conditions for coding (Table 7).

[0061] Table 6 Surface treatment code table

[0062]

[0063] Table 7 Detection mark coding table

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] Based on the above-mentioned method for expressing manufacturing feature information of model parts, in order to further understand this solution, the following example is given:

[0067] like Figure 6 As shown: According to the information expression of manufacturing features of factory model parts, the model parts are colored;

[0068] like Figure 7 As shown: Taking the open slot manufacturing feature as an example, the information set of geometric information and process constraint information is mapped to the manufacturing feature of the part. The process requirements for the open slot manufacturing feature are: dimensional accuracy IT5, shape accuracy IT5, position accuracy IT5, surface quality Ra3.2, no surface treatment, and the manufacturing feature detection method is size + shape + position. Based on the above process requirements for the open slot, the RGB color values ​​in the manufacturing feature color code system are determined as follows:

[0069] (1) Type information of manufacturing features:

[0070] The manufacturing feature type is an open slot. The first two bits of the 8-bit primary color component are reserved, and the last six bits are type information. According to the manufacturing feature type information coding table, the binary primary color value (Red) can be obtained as: 11000011.

[0071] (2) Information on the accuracy level of manufacturing features:

[0072] In the 8-bit primary color component, every 2 bits are used to express dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy, position accuracy, and surface quality. Based on the above process requirements for the open slot, the binary primary color value (Green) is determined to be: 10101001.

[0073] (3) Processing information of manufacturing features:

[0074] The processing information requirements for the open slot are: no surface treatment, and the inspection method is size + shape + position. Based on the surface treatment coding table and the inspection mark coding table, the binary base color value (blue) is determined to be: 00001110.

[0075] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention solves the technical problem that the current CNC automatic programming system cannot fully express the geometric information and process constraint information of the parts through a method for expressing the information of the manufacturing characteristics of the model parts, accelerates the digitalization, informatization and intelligentization of CNC programming, and can well help enterprises to ensure the uniqueness and accuracy of processing information in the process from part design to processing.

[0076] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for expressing information about manufacturing features of model parts, characterized in that : Includes the following steps: Step 1: First, remove the excess material of the part raw material by milling or other methods to obtain the blank to be processed; Step 2: According to the requirements of manufacturing and processing, the manufacturing features of the model parts that need to be processed are listed, and the manufacturing features of the model parts are defined in a binary manner to obtain a manufacturing feature database; Step 3: Match the manufacturing features of the model parts with the three RGB primary color components, where the R primary color component corresponds to the type information of the manufacturing feature, the G primary color component corresponds to the precision level information of the manufacturing feature, and the B primary color component corresponds to the processing information of the manufacturing feature; Step 4: The R primary color component color scale, the G primary color component color scale, and the B primary color component color scale are all represented by 8 bits. Each primary color component is encoded in binary, and the encoding is based on the manufacturing feature database in step 2.

2. The method for expressing information of manufacturing features of model parts according to claim 1, characterized in that :R The first two bits of the 8-bit color code of the primary color component represent the reserved function, and the last 6 bits are used to indicate the type information of the feature.

3. The method for expressing information of manufacturing characteristics of model parts according to claim 1, characterized in that : In the 8-bit color code of the G primary color component, the 1st and 2nd bits represent the size accuracy, the 3rd and 4th bits represent the shape accuracy, the 5th and 6th bits represent the position accuracy, and the 7th and 8th bits represent the surface quality.

4. The method for expressing information of manufacturing characteristics of model parts according to claim 1, characterized in that :B The 8 bits in the primary color component color code, the first 4 bits are used to represent the surface treatment of the feature, and the last 4 bits are used to represent the detection mark.

5. The method for expressing information of manufacturing features of model parts according to claim 1, characterized in that : The manufacturing feature database includes a manufacturing feature type information coding table, a dimensional accuracy, a shape accuracy, a position accuracy, a surface quality grade coding table, a surface treatment coding table, and a detection mark coding table.

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