Emergency shelter live-action drilling and monitoring maintenance system

Abstract

The invention discloses an emergency shelter live-action drilling and monitoring maintenance system, and the system comprises an information display module which is used for providing a visual place overview; the live-action drilling module is used for carrying out simulation drilling on placement and evacuation of the emergency accommodation; site monitoring: multi-mode monitoring is set for a water supply pipeline and a power supply pipeline in the shelter; the facility monitoring module is used for collecting monitoring data of a water supply pipeline and a power supply pipeline through monitoring equipment; the data acquisition system is a hardware system consisting of a sensor and a transmission box; hardware deployment: arranging a sensor and a transmission box on a water supply pipeline and a power supply pipeline; data transmission and coding: constructing a real-time communication architecture; data storage and organization: establishing a structured data storage scheme based on a database; and the monitoring data module is used for establishing an online electronic archive system and centrally storing and managing related data of the emergency shelter. According to the invention, the shelter and the hidden facilities can be mapped in real time, so that the shelter can be normally started in a disaster.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of emergency shelters, and in particular to a real-scene drill and monitoring maintenance system for emergency shelters. Background Art

[0002] my country, with its vast territory and diverse climate and landforms, suffers from severe and complex natural disasters. With the acceleration of urban modernization and the increase in population density, the economic losses and casualties caused by natural disasters are becoming increasingly severe. Therefore, it is of great significance to plan and build a large number of emergency shelters to ensure that the public can temporarily take refuge in the event of a disaster.

[0003] Currently, there has been a lot of research on the construction of emergency shelters, but there is a lag and difficulty in the management and maintenance of the shelters and their facilities, especially the management and maintenance of hidden facilities. That is, maintenance personnel are only dispatched to troubleshoot, repair equipment, and handle the aftermath after a facility malfunctions. At the same time, due to their concealed nature, it is difficult to carry out comprehensive maintenance on hidden facilities during normal times, which may leave potential faults and prevent them from being properly activated during a disaster. In order to obtain real-time information on the operation of the facilities, determine the fault location as soon as possible, and dispatch personnel for repairs in a timely manner, so as to ensure the stable operation of the emergency shelter facilities and their normal activation during a disaster, it is necessary to set up a real-time facility monitoring system to monitor, manage, and maintain the shelter facilities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of unclear fault location, inability to confirm fault facilities, and inability to know the cause of the fault before arriving at the fault location due to the lag in the detection of site facilities by traditional methods. A real-life drill and monitoring and maintenance method and system for emergency shelters are proposed. A virtual model combining two-dimensional and three-dimensional models is used to map shelters and hidden facilities in real time. With the purpose of ensuring that shelters can be normally activated in times of disaster, simulated drills are conducted on shelters and hidden facilities are monitored in real time in normal times.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a real-life drill and monitoring and maintenance system for emergency shelters, which includes:

[0006] Information display module: Based on 2D and 3D models, the system displays the geographical location, basic information, spatial conditions, and equipment distribution of emergency shelters, providing an intuitive overview of the site;

[0007] Real-life drill module: Based on the emergency plan, the system simulates accommodation placement and personnel evacuation. Based on the simulation results, the emergency plan is optimized and decision-making assistance is provided.

[0008] Data acquisition system: A hardware system consisting of sensors and transmission boxes, providing a data basis for monitoring shelters;

[0009] Hardware deployment: Sensors and transmission boxes are placed on underground water and power pipelines to ensure global monitoring of all hidden facilities while maximizing the real-time and effectiveness of monitoring data.

[0010] Site monitoring: Multi-mode monitoring is implemented for underground water and power supply pipelines in shelters to support their normal operation. This includes real-time monitoring of facility operating status, proactive detection of target facility operating conditions, and troubleshooting based on abnormal data detected.

[0011] Data transmission and encoding: The HTTP protocol, TCP protocol, and IP protocol in the TCP / IP protocol suite are used to build a transmission channel between the transmission box and the server, and the MQTT protocol is used to achieve communication between the transmission box and the server. The transmitted signal is a current signal converted from an analog signal, and the set transmission encoding format is used as the transmission protocol.

[0012] Data storage and organization: Based on the MySQL database, a structured data storage solution is established. A sharding mechanism is adopted to create multiple data tables. The data table structure is rationally designed and indexes are optimized to ensure efficient storage, rapid retrieval, and secure protection of monitoring data. At the same time, hardware in the data acquisition system is coded and alarm thresholds are set to provide data support for emergency management.

[0013] Facility Monitoring Module: This module collects monitoring data from water supply and power supply pipelines through monitoring equipment, and transmits, stores, displays, and analyzes the data. It accurately displays the location of monitored facilities in the system, allows for real-time status and monitoring data, and issues alerts when abnormal data is detected.

[0014] Monitoring data module: Establish an online electronic archive system to centrally store and manage construction documents, maintenance records, inspection reports and emergency plans of emergency shelters.

[0015] Furthermore, the information display module includes real-scene 3D display and browsing and 2D scene display and browsing;

[0016] The real-scene three-dimensional display and browsing can realize a comprehensive browsing of the emergency shelter first in general and then in details by switching the viewing angle;

[0017] The two-dimensional scene display and browsing divides the shelters according to their functions and geographical locations, so that each unit can be browsed thematically; it includes a comprehensive information unit, a site introduction unit, a functional zoning unit, an emergency transportation unit, an emergency accommodation unit, and an emergency water and electricity unit;

[0018] The comprehensive information unit is used to provide basic information about emergency shelters;

[0019] The site introduction unit uses a full-scale aerial video to show the real-life full view of the emergency shelter and an introduction to the shelter;

[0020] The functional zoning unit is used to display the location and scope of each functional area of ​​the emergency shelter;

[0021] The emergency transportation unit is used to display the evacuation routes of the emergency shelter, wherein the evacuation routes include: disaster relief trunk roads, fire evacuation routes, and internal personnel evacuation routes;

[0022] The emergency accommodation unit is used to display the location, distribution and number of each emergency accommodation group in the entire emergency shelter;

[0023] The emergency water and electricity unit is used to show users the distribution of power facilities, water pipe facilities, and fire-fighting facilities in the emergency shelter.

[0024] Furthermore, the live-action drill module includes a placement drill unit and an evacuation drill unit;

[0025] The placement drill unit is used to simulate the accommodation locations of refugees during a disaster. First, the number of people to be drilled is set. The composition of the refugees, including the general public, medical personnel, firefighters, command personnel, and management personnel, is calculated based on the personnel composition model. Then, according to the accommodation placement plan, the refugees are reasonably arranged to the corresponding locations of each shelter unit for refuge.

[0026] The evacuation drill unit is used to simulate the evacuation routes of refugees during disasters. According to the distribution of entrances and exits of emergency shelters and the structure of shelter units, the evacuation path algorithm is combined to calculate the evacuation path of each shelter unit, and dynamically visualize it in the form of green arrows in the system.

[0027] Furthermore, in the data acquisition system, sensors are used to monitor the water supply pipelines and power supply pipelines of the emergency shelter around the clock. Multiple data acquisition sensors are set up to form a monitoring channel, which monitors the water pressure of the water supply pipeline and the current of the power supply pipeline in real time and outputs analog signals as monitoring data;

[0028] The transmission box not only supplies power to the sensor but also receives the monitoring data collected by the sensor, converts it from analog signal to digital signal, and sends it to the server.

[0029] Furthermore, the sensor is divided into a current sensor and a water pressure sensor;

[0030] The current sensor is deployed near the power supply pipeline and supporting power supply facilities, powered by 12V voltage, has a current monitoring range of 0-10A, and outputs analog value in the form of 4-20mA current;

[0031] The water pressure sensor is deployed near the water supply pipeline and supporting water supply facilities and is powered by 12V. It monitors water pressure within a range of 0-4 MPa and outputs analog values ​​in the form of 4-20 mA current.

[0032] Furthermore, the transmission box is composed of a signal transceiver component, a parameter setting interface, a sensor interface and a power supply interface;

[0033] The signal transceiver component is used to send data and receive server signals. It includes a WiFi antenna and a 4G antenna. The WiFi antenna is the primary transmission method, transmitting data through the network. When the network is abnormal, it can switch to the 4G antenna to transmit data without an external network. It can switch between the two as needed to ensure normal data transmission under extreme conditions without an external network, thereby maintaining the real-time monitoring data.

[0034] The parameter setting interface is used to debug and change the parameters of the transmission box according to actual needs. For example, it can set, query, and modify the device IP address when there is no external network or the external network is interrupted, and set basic communication parameters for subsequent local area network establishment. It can also change the collection frequency of monitoring data between the various monitoring states described in claim 8;

[0035] The sensor interface is connected to the sensor in a wired manner, receives monitoring data collected by the sensor while supplying power to the sensor, and converts the monitoring data from analog signals to digital signals;

[0036] The power supply interface is used to power the transmission box. It adopts three power supply options: POE network port, external 12V DC, and DC&POE hybrid power supply to meet the power supply needs of different environments.

[0037] Furthermore, the hardware deployment is divided into power monitoring deployment, water monitoring deployment and transmission box deployment.

[0038] Power monitoring deployment: The diesel generators and utility power distribution boxes in the power supply network are considered source terminals. If there are multiple source terminals, each source terminal is selected in turn, and all the power distribution boxes of the power-consuming equipment under the selected source terminal are used as the terminal set. The power line from the source terminal to a terminal is regarded as a power monitoring line. In this way, the power line under a source terminal is divided into several power monitoring lines. After completion, the next source terminal is selected and the above process is repeated until all source terminals and corresponding terminals are matched. The divided lines are then named "power supply line 1, power supply line 2, ..." in sequence, and sensors are placed at the source and terminal of each line.

[0039] Water conservancy monitoring deployment: The emergency deep water well in the water supply monitoring is used as the source end. If there are multiple source ends, each source end is selected in turn, and all water intakes under the selected source end are used as the terminal set. The source end to a terminal is used as a water conservancy monitoring line. In this way, the water supply line under a source end is divided into several water conservancy monitoring lines. After completion, the next source end is selected and the above operation is repeated until all source ends and corresponding terminals are matched. The divided lines are then named "water supply line 1, water supply line 2,..." in order, and sensors are placed at the source end and terminal end of each line;

[0040] Transmission box deployment: Transmission boxes can be deployed in three different ways: water supply line deployment, power supply line deployment, and water-power hybrid deployment. Based on the deployment location and monitoring facilities, the transmission box connects to nearby sensors using the proximity principle. The installed transmission boxes are then named in sequence as "Transmission Box 1, Transmission Box 2,..."

[0041] Furthermore, the site monitoring is divided into normal state, detection state and abnormal monitoring.

[0042] Normal status is the default monitoring status for all water supply pipelines and power supply pipelines, and it provides full coverage monitoring of the power supply lines and water supply lines. In normal status, the transmission box of each line receives monitoring data once every hour.

[0043] The detection state is the monitoring state of a single line. Select the line that needs to be detected in the water supply pipeline or power supply pipeline and switch it from the normal state to the detection state. In the detection state, the transmission box of the line receives monitoring data every 30 seconds.

[0044] Abnormal monitoring: set alarm thresholds for normal status and detection status respectively. Compare all monitoring data obtained in normal status and detection status with the set alarm thresholds to find abnormal data, realize abnormal monitoring, and issue an early warning when abnormal data is monitored and quickly locate the abnormal line.

[0045] Furthermore, the data transmission and coding stipulates the data form, transmission protocol and coding format of the monitoring data.

[0046] Data format: The data collected by the sensor will be sent to the transmission box as a 4-20mA analog current signal, and then converted into the corresponding hexadecimal digital value through the analog-to-digital conversion module inside the transmission communication box;

[0047] Transmission protocol: The converted data is processed internally by the transmission communication box and packaged based on the MQTT protocol. The standardized hexadecimal data is transmitted to the data communication and processing server through a network connection established by TCP / IP and using the MQTT publish / subscribe model. After receiving the data, the server unpacks and parses the data according to the protocol, restoring the actual physical quantity of the current signal, thus realizing the complete data flow process from the sensor to the server.

[0048] Coding format: the content of the message transmitted by the transmission box, which uses hexadecimal and includes the following content: transmission box ID + network status (4G / wired network / WIFI) + time + latitude + longitude + altitude + ADC1 + ADC2 + ADC3 + ADC4.

[0049] Example: 00001|137F3E68518121146C8004413CA4900005A00FFF000300010FFF

[0050] Description: 00001 is the ID of the transmission box; 1 indicates that the network status is wired communication; 37F3E68518 is the timestamp, which is the hexadecimal form of 240315172120, indicating the time: 2024 / 3 / 15 17:21:20; 121146C8 is the latitude, which is the hexadecimal form of 303122120, representing 30 degrees 31.22120 minutes; 0 represents north latitude; 04413CA49 is the longitude, which is the hexadecimal form of 1142147657, representing 114 degrees 21.47657 minutes; 0 represents east longitude; 005A0 is the altitude, which is the hexadecimal form of 1440, representing 144 meters. The remaining 4-20mA analog current signals output by each sensor, ADC1-ADC4, are converted into corresponding hexadecimal digital values ​​through the analog-to-digital conversion module (ADC) inside the transmission communication box.

[0051] Furthermore, the data storage and organization includes monitoring data storage, hardware encoding and monitoring threshold storage,

[0052] Data storage, that is, setting up a data table to store all received monitoring data. The data table divides the data into power monitoring data and water monitoring data according to the different data sources, and further classifies the power monitoring data and water monitoring data according to the hardware coding. At the same time, according to the monitoring threshold, the data is divided into normal data and abnormal data on the basis of the above classification, and an additional data table is set to store abnormal data. The additional data table also classifies the monitoring data according to the data source and hardware coding.

[0053] Hardware coding: Based on the hardware deployment strategy, a data table is set up to establish a unified coding system for power lines, water lines, sensors, and transmission boxes to manage them. This ensures the uniqueness of sensors and transmission boxes, avoids redundant monitoring data, and facilitates unified and coordinated management and query.

[0054] Monitoring threshold storage: Set up a data table and set a warning value for the water pressure and current sensors respectively. The alarm threshold of the water pressure sensor in normal state is 3.6 MPa, and in the detection state, 0 MPa is additionally set as the alarm threshold to ensure the normal operation of the water pressure sensor; the alarm threshold of the current sensor in normal state is 9 A, and in the detection state, 0 A is additionally set as the alarm threshold to ensure the normal operation of the current sensor; when the monitoring data is stored in the table, it is compared with the warning value to divide it into normal data and abnormal data, so that the abnormal warning unit in the facility monitoring module can operate normally.

[0055] Furthermore, the facility monitoring module includes a water supply monitoring unit, a power supply monitoring unit, a transmission box status monitoring unit and an abnormality early warning unit.

[0056] The water supply monitoring unit maps the water supply lines and water supply facilities in real time through a two-dimensional model, performs water supply monitoring in the normal state by default, and selects any water supply line on the two-dimensional model to actively start the detection state for monitoring, displays the water supply monitoring data received in real time in the normal state and the detection state in the form of a line graph, displays the abnormal data found in the normal state and the detection state in the form of a list, and displays the operation status of the water supply lines and water supply facilities using different color data on the 2D map according to the monitoring results;

[0057] The power supply monitoring unit maps the power supply lines and power supply facilities in real time through a two-dimensional model, performs power supply monitoring in the normal state by default, and selects any power supply line on the two-dimensional model to actively start the detection state for monitoring, displays the power supply monitoring data received in real time in the normal state and the detection state in the form of a line graph, displays the abnormal data found in the normal state and the detection state in the form of a list, and displays the operating status of the power supply lines and power supply facilities using different color data on the 2D map according to the monitoring results;

[0058] The transmission box status detection unit maps the underground water supply line and power supply line in real time through a two-dimensional model and marks the position of the transmission box on the two-dimensional model. At the same time, when the transmission box status detection is actively turned on, the two-dimensional model is used to select the target transmission box, and the server sends an "ask" command to the transmission box through the parameter setting interface to perform transmission box detection. If the transmission box can reply to the message in time, the transmission box is in an online state. If the transmission box does not reply to the message or the reply time exceeds 1 minute, it is marked as an offline state. At the same time, different color data is used on the two-dimensional model to display the status of the transmission box according to the detection results.

[0059] The water supply monitoring unit has four functions: normal status monitoring, detection status monitoring, abnormal data alarm and equipment status display.

[0060] The normal status monitoring function, that is, the default state of water supply monitoring, displays the real-time received water supply monitoring data in the form of a line graph, where the horizontal axis of the line graph is the data reception time and the vertical axis is the monitoring data value. The line graph can clearly display the operation status of the water supply pipeline over time.

[0061] The detection status monitoring function needs to be actively enabled to switch the water supply monitoring status from normal to detection status. After selecting the water supply line to be inspected, the test is enabled to actively monitor the selected line to obtain four parameters: monitoring data, monitoring time, line number, and facility status. At the same time, each test result is recorded and can be viewed by viewing the history records, which are arranged in chronological order from top to bottom. The test results can also be exported in Word format, and the exported content includes monitoring data, monitoring time, and line number.

[0062] The abnormal data alarm function uses a water pressure sensor with an alarm threshold of 3.6 MPa in normal operation. During testing, an additional threshold of 0 MPa is set to ensure proper operation. All water supply monitoring data collected during normal and testing conditions is compared against the alarm threshold to identify abnormal data. Upon discovery of abnormal data, an alarm is triggered and all abnormal data is listed in a chronological order from top to bottom, including the line number, abnormal value, and monitoring time.

[0063] The device status display function uses different colored icons on the 2D map and 2D model to display the monitoring results of the normal status and detection status, respectively, to indicate the operating status of the equipment. During normal detection, blue indicates that the water supply line and equipment are operating normally, red indicates that the water supply line and equipment are operating abnormally, and gray indicates that the water supply line and equipment are offline. During active monitoring, green indicates that the water supply line and equipment are operating normally, and red indicates that the water supply line and equipment are operating abnormally.

[0064] Furthermore, the power supply monitoring unit has four functions: normal status monitoring, detection status monitoring, abnormal data alarm and equipment status display.

[0065] The normal status monitoring function, that is, the default state of power supply monitoring, displays the real-time received power supply monitoring data in the form of a line graph, where the horizontal axis of the line graph is the data reception time and the vertical axis is the monitoring data value. The line graph can clearly display the operation status of the power supply pipeline over time.

[0066] The detection status monitoring function needs to be actively enabled to switch the power supply monitoring status from normal to detection. After selecting the power supply line to be checked, the test is started and the selected line is actively monitored to obtain four parameters: monitoring data, monitoring time, line number, and facility status. At the same time, each test result is recorded and can be viewed by viewing the historical records, which are arranged in chronological order from top to bottom. The test results can also be exported in Word format, and the exported content includes monitoring data, monitoring time, and line number.

[0067] The abnormal data alarm function uses a 9A alarm threshold for the current sensor in normal operation. In the detection state, an additional 0A alarm threshold is set to ensure proper operation. All power supply monitoring data obtained in both normal and detection states is compared against the alarm threshold to detect abnormal data. Upon discovery of abnormal data, an alarm is triggered and all abnormal data found is listed in chronological order from top to bottom, including the line number, abnormal value, and monitoring time.

[0068] The device status display function uses different colored icons on the 2D map and 2D model to display the monitoring results of the normal status and detection status respectively, indicating the operating status of the equipment. During normal detection, blue indicates that the power supply line and equipment are operating normally, red indicates that the power supply line and equipment are operating abnormally, and gray indicates that the power supply line and equipment are offline. During active monitoring, green indicates that the power supply line and equipment are operating normally, and red indicates that the power supply line and equipment are operating abnormally.

[0069] Furthermore, the transmission box status detection unit has four functions: monitoring data display, abnormal data display, transmission box status detection and transmission box status display.

[0070] The monitoring data display function displays the water supply monitoring data and power supply monitoring data received in real time in the form of a line graph, where the horizontal axis of the line graph is the data reception time and the vertical axis is the monitoring data value. The line graph can clearly display the operation status of the water supply pipeline and the power supply pipeline over time.

[0071] The abnormal data display function lists all abnormal data found in the water supply pipeline and the power supply pipeline in a list form in chronological order from top to bottom, including three parameters: line number, abnormal value and monitoring time.

[0072] The transmission box status detection function selects a target transmission box on the 2D model, actively initiates the detection, and sends an "ask" command to the transmission box. If the transmission box responds promptly, it is considered online. If it does not respond or takes more than one minute to respond, it is considered offline. The detection results include the transmission box code, the last time data was received, and the transmission box status.

[0073] The transmission box status display function uses different colored icons on the 2D map and 2D model to display the results of the transmission box status detection to indicate the operating status of the device. Blue indicates the location of the transmission box, green indicates that the transmission box is online, and gray indicates that the transmission box is offline.

[0074] Furthermore, the monitoring data module includes a facility map unit, an emergency plan unit, a material management unit, and a detection sharing unit.

[0075] The facility drawing unit is used to store architectural drawings, zoning drawings, and facility distribution drawings of the refuge site;

[0076] The emergency plan unit is used to store all the drill processes of the real-life drill module and the calculation model files involved;

[0077] The material management unit is used to manage the material reserves of the shelter, classify and record the materials, and increase or decrease the material reserves based on the material in and out records;

[0078] The detection sharing unit allows the management personnel of the shelter to make electronic records after completing the detection and upload them to the server so that subsequent personnel can query the detection reports and records.

[0079] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0080] The present invention can simulate and drill accommodation allocation and evacuation according to the emergency plan, display the drill results and optimize the emergency plan according to the deficiencies in the simulation.

[0081] The present invention visualizes the hidden underground pipelines in emergency shelters and sets three monitoring states: normal state, detection state and abnormal state. It achieves comprehensive coverage of the monitoring of power supply lines and water supply lines, and the operation status of the power supply lines and water supply lines can be checked at any time as needed.

[0082] Based on the locations of hydropower facilities such as generators, deep water wells, distribution boxes, and water supply points, this paper proposes a traceability layout method as a layout strategy for sensors and transmission boxes. This method can achieve full coverage of power and water supply lines with minimal hardware equipment, and accurately locate the fault when abnormal data occurs.

[0083] This invention sets three monitoring modes: normal, detection, and abnormal. The normal mode operates 24 / 7 with low-frequency monitoring. The detection mode monitors at high frequency for a period of time after activation. The abnormal mode issues an alarm upon detection of abnormal data. This multi-mode monitoring method reduces system computing overhead and improves monitoring efficiency.

[0084] The present invention is based on the MQTT transmission protocol, receives the monitoring data collected by the sensor through the transmission box, and transmits it to the system server in real time, so that managers can respond to the monitoring data in a timely manner.

[0085] The present invention adopts a variety of data transmission modes, and can perform data transmission normally under extreme conditions without external network, ensuring the normal operation of data transmission in all environments and ensuring the real-time nature of monitoring data.

[0086] The present invention overcomes the lag in facility management in current emergency shelters, that is, personnel are dispatched to conduct troubleshooting, equipment maintenance and post-event processing only after equipment failure occurs, and the location, cause and specific circumstances of the failure can be determined at the first time.

[0087] The present invention can actively check the data acquisition system, confirm the working status of the sensor and the transmission box, and ensure that the data transmission flow "sensor-transmission box-system client" can operate normally. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0088] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the emergency shelter real-life drill and monitoring and maintenance system of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 2 A model diagram of the refugee population of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the evacuation route algorithm implementation principle of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 4 This is a data transmission flow chart of the present invention;

[0092] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the transmission box of the present invention;

[0093] Figure 6 is a deployment strategy diagram of the present invention;

[0094] Figure 7 This is a database structure diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0095] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0096] See also Figure 1-7 The present invention provides an embodiment of a real-life emergency shelter drill and monitoring and maintenance system, comprising:

[0097] Information display module: Based on 2D and 3D model technologies, the system displays the geographical location, basic information, spatial conditions, and equipment distribution of emergency shelters, providing an intuitive overview of the sites;

[0098] Real-life drill module: Based on the emergency plan, the system conducts simulated drills on the placement and evacuation of emergency accommodation, accurately presenting the process while reducing drill costs. The simulation results can also be used to force the optimization of emergency plans and provide decision-making assistance.

[0099] Data Acquisition System: This hardware system, comprised of sensors and transmission boxes, provides the data foundation for shelter monitoring. Most hidden facilities are buried underground, making them difficult to fully manage manually. Sensors are needed to collect data. Because water and electricity are essential to people's well-being, they are monitored and the data is sent to a server via a transmission box.

[0100] Hardware deployment: The optimal method of placing sensors and transmission boxes on underground facilities such as water supply pipelines and power supply pipelines to ensure global monitoring of each hidden facility while maximizing the real-time and validity of monitoring data.

[0101] Site Monitoring: Multi-mode monitoring of underground facilities such as water and power lines within shelters is implemented to support their normal operation. This system monitors the operational status of these facilities in real time and proactively monitors the operation of targeted facilities when necessary. Troubleshooting is performed based on abnormal data detected.

[0102] Data Transmission and Encoding: The transmission channel between the transmission box and the server is established using the HTTP, TCP, and IP protocols in the TCP / IP protocol suite. MQTT is used to enable communication between the transmission box and the server. The transmitted signal is a current signal converted from an analog signal, and a self-defined transmission encoding format is used as the transmission protocol.

[0103] Data Storage and Organization: A structured data storage solution was established based on the MySQL database. A sharding mechanism was adopted to create multiple data tables, rationally design the data table structure, and optimize the index to ensure efficient storage, rapid retrieval, and secure protection of monitoring data. Furthermore, hardware in the data acquisition system was coded and alarm thresholds were set to provide stable and reliable data support for emergency management.

[0104] Facility Monitoring Module: This module collects monitoring data from underground facilities such as water and power pipelines through monitoring equipment, and transmits, stores, displays, and analyzes this data. The system accurately displays the location of monitored facilities, provides real-time status and monitoring data, and issues alerts when abnormal data is detected.

[0105] Monitoring data module: Establish an online electronic file system to centrally store and manage construction documents, maintenance records, inspection reports and emergency plans of emergency shelters, and ensure the systematicness and security of the data.

[0106] In this embodiment, the information display module includes:

[0107] Real-life 3D display and browsing enables a comprehensive browsing of emergency shelters "first the overall and then the details" by switching perspectives, making it easier for users to become familiar with the overall facilities of the shelters in an immersive way.

[0108] Two-dimensional scene display and browsing, dividing the shelter according to its usual function and geographical location, so that each unit can be browsed thematically. It includes a comprehensive information unit, a site introduction unit, a functional zoning unit, an emergency transportation unit, an emergency accommodation unit and an emergency water and electricity unit. The comprehensive information unit is used to provide basic information about the emergency shelter, including: the area, the number of emergency evacuees, the number of refugees in each accommodation group, the number of functional zones, material reserves, photos of the entire process of facilities and site construction, etc.; the site introduction unit uses a full-scale aerial video to display the real-life picture of the emergency shelter, as well as relevant introductions to the shelter; the functional zoning unit is used to display the location and scope of each functional area of ​​the emergency shelter, including the accommodation area, toilet area, shower area, deep water well area, generator area, water supply area and garbage disposal area; the emergency transportation unit is used to display the refuge routes of the emergency shelter, among which the refuge routes include: main disaster relief roads, fire evacuation routes, and internal personnel evacuation routes; the emergency accommodation unit is used to display the location, distribution and number of each emergency accommodation group in the entire emergency shelter; the emergency water and electricity unit is used to show users the distribution of power facilities, water pipe facilities and fire-fighting facilities in the emergency shelter.

[0109] In this embodiment, the real-life rehearsal module specifically includes:

[0110] The placement drill unit simulates the accommodation locations of evacuees during a disaster. First, the number of people to be rehearsed is set. Using the personnel composition model, the composition of the evacuees, including the general public, medical personnel, firefighters, command personnel, and management personnel, is calculated. Then, based on the accommodation plan, the evacuees are rationally assigned to the corresponding locations in each shelter unit.

[0111] The staffing model for accommodation placement determines the specific ratios of residents, medical personnel, firefighters, command staff, and management personnel among the evacuees. These personnel, collectively known as site staff, are considered site staff. This model ensures that the shelter can maintain normal operations with a minimum number of staff while providing accommodation for a greater number of residents.

[0112] The evacuation drill module simulates the evacuation routes of refugees during a disaster. Based on the entrance and exit distribution of the emergency shelter and the shelter unit structure, the optimal evacuation path algorithm is used to calculate the evacuation path for each shelter unit and dynamically visualize it in the system as green arrows.

[0113] The optimal evacuation path algorithm for dormitory evacuation uses a simulated evolutionary algorithm to find the optimal path. By simulating the excellent global search capabilities of ant colonies, the algorithm can quickly locate the approximate optimal solution in a complex space, showing extremely high efficiency and accuracy.

[0114] The minimum evacuation time model C of the algorithm T (x) is:

[0115]

[0116] where v ij (t) represents the speed of personnel on the evacuation section (i, j) at time t; represents the number of people entering the evacuation section (i, j) at time t; d ij is the distance between road segments (i, j).

[0117] The data acquisition system for the refuge site in the present invention comprises a sensor and a transmission box. The sensor is used to obtain monitoring data, and the transmission box is used to receive the data and send it to a server.

[0118] Sensors are used for around-the-clock monitoring of water supply and power supply pipelines and related facilities in emergency shelters. Multiple data acquisition sensors are installed to flexibly organize monitoring channels. These sensors provide real-time monitoring of key parameters, primarily water pressure in water supply pipelines and current in power supply pipelines. They output analog signals in various forms, such as voltage, current, and resistance, as monitoring data. Based on their deployment location, these sensors are divided into current sensors and water pressure sensors. Current sensors are deployed near power supply pipelines and supporting power supply facilities and are powered by 12V. They monitor current within a range of 0-10A and output analog values ​​in the form of 4-20mA. Water pressure sensors are deployed near water supply pipelines and supporting water supply facilities and are powered by 12V. They monitor water pressure within a range of 0-4mPa and output analog values ​​in the form of 4-20mA.

[0119] The transmission box, while providing power to the sensors, receives the monitoring data they collect, converts it from analog to digital, and transmits it to the server. The transmission box consists of a signal transceiver, a parameter setting interface, a sensor interface, and a power interface. The signal transceiver, used to send data and receive server signals, includes both a WiFi antenna and a 4G antenna. The WiFi antenna is the primary transmission method, transmitting data over the network. In the event of network anomalies, the 4G antenna can be switched to transmit data without an external network. Switching between the two as needed ensures normal data transmission even in extreme conditions without an external network, maintaining the real-time nature of monitoring data.

[0120] The parameter setting interface is used to debug and change the parameters of the transmission box according to actual needs. For example, when there is no external network or the external network is interrupted, the device IP address is set, queried, and modified, and basic communication parameters are set for the subsequent LAN establishment. And the collection frequency of monitoring data is changed between the various monitoring states described in claim 8; the sensor interface is connected to the sensor by wire, and receives the monitoring data collected by the sensor while powering the sensor, and converts the monitoring data from analog signals to digital signals; the power supply interface is used to power the transmission box. Three power supply solutions are adopted: POE network port, external 12v DC, and DC&POE hybrid power supply to meet the power supply needs of different environments.

[0121] The hardware deployment strategies of the shelter in the present invention are divided into power monitoring deployment strategy, water conservancy monitoring deployment strategy and transmission box deployment strategy.

[0122] The power monitoring deployment strategy uses diesel generators and utility power distribution boxes (rooms) in the power supply network as source terminals. If multiple source terminals are present, each is selected sequentially, and all power distribution boxes for the power-consuming equipment under the selected source terminal are used as the terminal set. The power monitoring line from the source terminal to a terminal terminal is then divided into several power monitoring lines. Once completed, the next source terminal is selected, and the above process is repeated until all source terminals are matched with corresponding terminals. The divided lines are named in sequence, "Power Line 1, Power Line 2, ...," and sensors are placed at the source and terminal terminals of each line.

[0123] The water monitoring deployment strategy uses the emergency deep water wells in the water supply monitoring as the source. If multiple sources are present, each source is selected in sequence, and all emergency water supply, emergency shower, and other water intakes under the selected source are used as the terminal set. The source to a terminal is then defined as a water monitoring line. This method divides the water supply line under a source into several water monitoring lines. Once completed, the next source is selected, and the above process is repeated until all sources and corresponding terminals are matched. The divided lines are named "Water Supply Line 1, Water Supply Line 2, ...," and sensors are placed at the source and terminal of each line.

[0124] As for the transmission box deployment strategy, due to the permanent presence of diesel generators and utility power switching distribution boxes (rooms) near emergency deepwater wells, and the proximity of some power and water monitoring sensors, three different communication transmission box deployment methods are available: water supply line deployment, power supply line deployment, and a hybrid water and power deployment. Depending on the deployment location and monitoring facilities, the transmission boxes are connected to nearby sensors based on proximity. The installed transmission boxes are then named sequentially, "Transmission Box 1, Transmission Box 2, ...." This strategy reduces installation costs while effectively shortening data transmission distances, minimizing transmission losses and interference, and ultimately improving data accuracy and reliability.

[0125] The present invention divides the site monitoring method of the refuge site into normal state monitoring and detection state monitoring according to the operating state of the monitoring equipment, and simultaneously performs abnormal data monitoring on the monitoring data under the two operating states.

[0126] Normal status monitoring is the default monitoring mode for all water and power supply lines in a shelter. This monitoring mode ensures that the shelter's water and power supply facilities remain online and functioning properly even when not in use. During normal status, the transmission boxes for each water and power supply line receive and transmit monitoring data every hour, ensuring continuous monitoring while maintaining low power consumption.

[0127] To perform status monitoring, select a target line and activate its transmission box, increasing the rate at which it receives and sends monitoring data from once an hour to once every 30 seconds. While this test only operates on a single line, it can quickly collect a large amount of monitoring data, enabling rapid fault analysis and pinpointing the fault's location and cause.

[0128] Abnormal data monitoring, as the core method of operation monitoring and facility maintenance, sets alarm thresholds for the normal state and the detection state respectively in claim 11. All monitoring data obtained in the normal state and the detection state are compared with the set alarm thresholds to find abnormal data, realize abnormal monitoring, and issue an early warning when abnormal data is monitored and quickly locate the abnormal line.

[0129] The present invention specifies the data form, transmission protocol and coding format of monitoring data through data transmission and coding.

[0130] In the data format, the data collected by the sensor will be sent to the transmission box as a 4-20mA analog current signal, and then converted into the corresponding hexadecimal digital quantity through the analog-to-digital conversion module (ADC) inside the transmission communication box. The specific conversion process is to map the 4-20mA current signal to the digital quantity range.

[0131] The transmission protocol processes the converted hexadecimal analog data within the communication box, packages it based on the MQTT protocol (running on the TCP / IP protocol stack), and efficiently and securely transmits the standardized hexadecimal data to the data communication and processing server using the publish / subscribe model established over a reliable TCP / IP network connection. Upon receiving the data, the server unpacks and parses it according to the agreed-upon protocol, restoring the actual physical value of the current signal and completing the complete data flow from the sensor to the server.

[0132] The encoding format is the content of the telegram transmitted by the transmission box, which uses hexadecimal and includes the following content: transmission box ID + network status (4G / wired network / WIFI) + time + latitude + longitude + altitude + analog signal 1 + analog signal 2 + analog signal 3 + analog signal 4.

[0133] Example: 00001|137F3E68518121146C8004413CA4900005A00FFF000300010FFF

[0134] Description: 00001 is the ID of the transmission box; 1 indicates that the network status is wired communication; 37F3E68518 is the timestamp, which is the hexadecimal form of 240315172120, indicating the time: 2024 / 3 / 15 17:21:20; 121146C8 is the latitude, which is the hexadecimal form of 303122120, representing 30 degrees 31.22120 minutes; 0 represents north latitude; 04413CA49 is the longitude, which is the hexadecimal form of 1142147657, representing 114 degrees 21.47657 minutes; 0 represents east longitude; 005A0 is the altitude, which is the hexadecimal form of 1440, representing 144 meters. The remaining 4-20mA analog current signals output by each sensor, ADC1-ADC4, are converted into corresponding hexadecimal digital values ​​through the analog-to-digital conversion module (ADC) inside the transmission communication box.

[0135] The data storage and organization in this invention is based on a MySQL database, establishing a structured data storage solution. This solution uses a sharding mechanism to establish multiple data tables, rationally design the data table structure, and optimize indexes to ensure efficient storage, rapid retrieval, and secure protection of monitoring data. Furthermore, it encodes the hardware in the data acquisition system and sets alarm thresholds, providing stable and reliable data support for emergency management. This solution primarily includes monitoring data storage, hardware encoding, and monitoring threshold storage.

[0136] Monitoring data storage uses a data table to store all received monitoring data. This data table is divided into power monitoring data and water conservancy monitoring data based on the data source. The data is further classified according to hardware coding. Furthermore, based on the monitoring threshold, the data is divided into normal data and abnormal data based on the above classification. An additional data table is set up to store abnormal data, which also classifies the monitoring data according to the data source and hardware coding. Hardware coding uses a data table based on the hardware deployment strategy to establish a unified coding system for power lines, water conservancy lines, sensors, and transmission boxes to ensure the uniqueness of sensors and transmission boxes, avoid redundant monitoring data, and facilitate unified management and query. Monitoring threshold storage uses a data table to set warning values ​​for water pressure and current sensors. The water pressure sensor's alarm threshold is 3.6 MPa in normal operation, but an additional threshold of 0 MPa is set during detection to ensure normal operation. The current sensor's alarm threshold is 9 A in normal operation, but an additional threshold of 0 A is set during detection to ensure normal operation. When the monitoring data is stored in the table, it is compared with the warning value to classify it into normal data and abnormal data, so that the abnormal warning unit in the facility monitoring module can operate normally.

[0137] In the specific database table design, four tables are mainly designed to store relevant data, namely the "sensor-data-conpose" table that stores all monitoring data and classifies the data through the table header, the "sensor-warning" table that stores abnormal data separately, the "sensor-info" table that encodes the sensors, the "sensor-box" table that encodes the transmission box, and the "sensor-threshod" table that sets the alarm thresholds of each sensor.

[0138] The "sensor-data-conpose" table includes the data number, data collection time, data monitored by each sensor, transmission box code, network connection method, collection coordinates, and collection altitude. The "sensor-warning" table mainly includes the time when the abnormal data occurred, the sensor code that collected the abnormal data, the line where the abnormal data was located, the cause of the abnormality, the abnormal data value, and the transmission box code. The "sensor-info" table mainly includes the sensor code, transmission box code, sensor type, and sensor location. The "sensor-threshod" table mainly includes the alarm thresholds for each sensor.

[0139] Table "sensor-data-conpose" structure

[0140]

[0141] In this embodiment, the facility monitoring module includes:

[0142] The water supply monitoring unit offers four functions: normal status monitoring, detection status monitoring, abnormal data alarms, and equipment status display. It maps water supply lines and facilities in real time using a 2D model. By default, water supply monitoring is performed in normal status. You can also select any water supply line on the 2D model to actively enable detection status for monitoring. Real-time water supply monitoring data received during normal and detection statuses is displayed as a line graph, while abnormal data detected during normal and detection statuses is displayed as a list. Based on the monitoring results, the operational status of water supply lines and facilities is displayed on a 2D map using different colors. Normal status monitoring, the default mode for water supply monitoring, displays real-time water supply monitoring data as a line graph. The horizontal axis of the line graph represents the data reception time, and the vertical axis represents the monitored data value. This line graph clearly illustrates the operational status of the water supply pipeline over time. The detection status monitoring function requires active activation to switch the water supply monitoring mode from normal to detection. After selecting the water supply line to be inspected, the test is initiated to actively monitor the selected line, obtaining four parameters: monitoring data, monitoring time, line number, and facility status. Each test result is recorded and can be viewed by viewing the history log, which displays the results in chronological order. Test results can also be exported to a Word document, including the monitoring data, monitoring time, and line number. The abnormal data alarm function uses a water pressure sensor with an alarm threshold of 3.6 MPa during normal operation, but an additional threshold of 0 MPa is set during testing to ensure proper operation. All water supply monitoring data collected during normal and testing conditions is compared against the alarm threshold to identify abnormalities. Upon detection of abnormal data, an alarm is triggered, and a list of all abnormal data is displayed in chronological order, including the line number, abnormal value, and monitoring time. The device status display function uses different colored icons for normal and testing conditions on 2D maps and 2D models to indicate device operation. During normal monitoring, blue indicates normal operation of the water supply line and equipment, red indicates abnormal operation, and gray indicates offline operation. During active monitoring, green indicates normal operation of the water supply line and equipment, and red indicates abnormal operation.

[0143] The functions and specific implementation methods of the power supply monitoring unit are the same as those of the water supply monitoring unit, except that it acts on power supply lines and power supply facilities, which will not be further described here.

[0144] The transmission box status detection unit has four functions: monitoring data display, abnormal data display, transmission box status detection, and transmission box status display. The monitoring data display function displays real-time water supply monitoring data and power supply monitoring data in the form of a line graph, where the horizontal axis of the line graph is the data reception time and the vertical axis is the monitoring data value. The line graph can clearly show the operation status of the water supply pipeline and power supply pipeline over time. The abnormal data display function lists all abnormal data found in the water supply pipeline and power supply pipeline in chronological order from top to bottom, including three parameters: line number, abnormal value, and monitoring time. The transmission box status detection function selects the target transmission box on the two-dimensional model, actively starts the transmission box status detection, and sends an "ask" command to the transmission box. If the transmission box responds to the message in time, the transmission box is online; if the transmission box does not respond to the message or the response time exceeds 1 minute, it is offline. The test results include the transmission box code, the last time data was received, and the transmission box status. The transmission box status display function uses different-colored icons on the 2D map and 2D model to display the transmission box status test results to indicate the device's operating status. Blue indicates the transmission box's location, green indicates it's online, and gray indicates it's offline.

[0145] In this embodiment, the monitoring data module includes:

[0146] The facility drawing unit is used to store the basic contents of the refuge site, such as the architectural drawings, zoning drawings, and facility distribution drawings of the refuge site in the present invention;

[0147] The emergency plan unit is used to store all the drill processes of the real-life drill module of the present invention and the files of the related calculation models involved;

[0148] The material management unit is used to manage the material reserves of the refuge site in the present invention. It can classify and record the materials, and can also increase or decrease the material reserves according to the material in and out records.

[0149] The testing sharing unit allows shelter managers to electronically record and upload to the server after completing the test so that subsequent personnel can query the test reports and records.

[0150] The system of the present invention combines virtual models with real-world locations to display, rehearse, and monitor emergency shelters, and assist with their maintenance. The virtual models include both real-world 3D models and flat 2D models. These models represent the underground pipelines and functional areas of emergency shelters, thereby creating a virtual mapping of the real-world location within the system.

[0151] The system of the present invention consists of two parts: hardware and software. The software component includes an information display module, a real-life drill module, a facility monitoring module, and a monitoring data module. These modules have multiple functions, thereby realizing real-life drills and monitoring and maintenance of emergency shelters. The hardware component is a data acquisition system that receives monitoring data by placing sensors on the facilities to be monitored and transmits the data via a transmission box. The method of the present invention mainly includes a site monitoring method, an equipment deployment strategy, data transmission and encoding, and data storage and organization. These methods serve as the foundation of the system of the present invention and provide theoretical support for the implementation of real-life drills and monitoring and maintenance of emergency shelters.

[0152] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention in any form, and all technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement and other methods fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0153] The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the existing technology or can be implemented by using the existing technology.

Claims

1. A real-life drill and monitoring maintenance system for emergency shelters, characterized in that: include: Information display module: Based on 2D and 3D models, the system displays the geographical location, basic information, spatial conditions, and equipment distribution of emergency shelters, providing an intuitive overview of the site; Real-life drill module: Based on the emergency plan, the system simulates accommodation placement and personnel evacuation. Based on the simulation results, the emergency plan is optimized and decision-making assistance is provided. Data acquisition system: A hardware system consisting of sensors and transmission boxes, providing a data basis for monitoring shelters; Hardware deployment: Sensors and transmission boxes are placed on underground water and power pipelines to ensure global monitoring of all hidden facilities while maximizing the real-time and effectiveness of monitoring data. Site monitoring: Multi-mode monitoring is implemented for underground water and power supply pipelines in shelters to support their normal operation. This includes real-time monitoring of facility operating status, proactive detection of target facility operating conditions, and troubleshooting based on abnormal data detected. Data transmission and encoding: Use HTTP, TCP, and IP protocols in the TCP / IP protocol suite to build a transmission channel between the transmission box and the server, and use MQTT protocol to achieve communication between the transmission box and the server; The transmitted signal is a current signal converted from an analog signal, and a set transmission coding format is used as the transmission protocol; Data storage and organization: Based on the MySQL database, a structured data storage solution is established. A sharding mechanism is adopted to create multiple data tables. The data table structure is rationally designed and indexes are optimized to ensure efficient storage, rapid retrieval, and secure protection of monitoring data. At the same time, hardware in the data acquisition system is coded and alarm thresholds are set to provide data support for emergency management. Facility Monitoring Module: This module collects monitoring data from water supply and power supply pipelines through monitoring equipment, and transmits, stores, displays, and analyzes the data. It accurately displays the location of monitored facilities in the system, allows for real-time status and monitoring data, and issues alerts when abnormal data is detected. Monitoring data module: Establish an online electronic filing system to centrally store and manage construction documents, maintenance records, inspection reports and emergency plans of emergency shelters.

2. The emergency shelter real-life drill and monitoring maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The information display module includes real-scene three-dimensional display and browsing and two-dimensional scene display and browsing; The real-scene three-dimensional display and browsing can realize a comprehensive browsing of the emergency shelter first in general and then in details by switching the viewing angle; The two-dimensional scene display and browsing divides the shelters according to their functions and geographical locations, so that each unit can be browsed thematically; it includes a comprehensive information unit, a site introduction unit, a functional zoning unit, an emergency transportation unit, an emergency accommodation unit, and an emergency water and electricity unit; The comprehensive information unit is used to provide basic information about emergency shelters; The site introduction unit displays the real-life full view of the emergency shelter through a full-scale aerial video, as well as an introduction to the shelter; The functional zoning unit is used to display the location and scope of each functional area of ​​the emergency shelter; The emergency transportation unit is used to display the evacuation routes of the emergency shelter, wherein the evacuation routes include: disaster relief main roads, fire evacuation routes, and internal personnel evacuation routes; The emergency accommodation unit is used to display the location, distribution and number of each emergency accommodation group in the entire emergency shelter; The emergency water and electricity unit is used to show users the distribution of power facilities, water pipe facilities, and fire-fighting facilities in the emergency shelter.

3. The emergency shelter real-life drill and monitoring maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-life drill module includes a placement drill unit and an evacuation drill unit; The placement drill unit is used to simulate the accommodation locations of refugees during a disaster. First, the number of people to be drilled is set. The composition of the refugees, including the general public, medical personnel, firefighters, command personnel, and management personnel, is calculated based on the personnel composition model. Then, according to the accommodation placement plan, the refugees are reasonably arranged to the corresponding locations of each shelter unit for refuge. The evacuation drill unit is used to simulate the evacuation routes of refugees during disasters. According to the distribution of entrances and exits of emergency shelters and the structure of shelter units, the evacuation path algorithm is combined to calculate the evacuation path of each shelter unit, and dynamically visualize it in the form of green arrows in the system.

4. The emergency shelter real-life drill and monitoring maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the data acquisition system, sensors are used to monitor the water supply pipelines and power supply pipelines of the emergency shelter around the clock. Multiple data acquisition sensors are set up to form a monitoring channel, which monitors the water pressure of the water supply pipeline and the current of the power supply pipeline in real time and outputs analog signals as monitoring data; The transmission box not only supplies power to the sensor but also receives the monitoring data collected by the sensor, converts it from analog signal to digital signal, and sends it to the server.

5. The emergency shelter real-life drill and monitoring maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hardware deployment is divided into power monitoring deployment, water conservancy monitoring deployment and transmission box deployment. Power monitoring deployment: The diesel generators and utility power distribution boxes in the power supply network are considered source terminals. If there are multiple source terminals, each source terminal is selected in sequence, and all the power distribution boxes of the power-consuming equipment under the selected source terminal are used as the terminal set. The power line from the source terminal to a terminal is defined as a power monitoring line. In this way, the power line under a source terminal is divided into several power monitoring lines. After completion, the next source terminal is selected and the above process is repeated until all source terminals and corresponding terminals are matched. The divided lines are then named "power supply line 1, power supply line 2, ..." in sequence, and sensors are placed at the source and terminal of each line. Water conservancy monitoring deployment: The emergency deep water well in the water supply monitoring is used as the source end. If there are multiple source ends, each source end is selected in turn, and all water intakes under the selected source end are used as the terminal set. The source end to a terminal is regarded as a water conservancy monitoring line. In this way, the water supply line under a source end is divided into several water conservancy monitoring lines. After completion, the next source end is selected and the above steps are repeated until all source ends and corresponding terminals are matched. The divided lines are then named "water supply line 1, water supply line 2, ..." in sequence, and sensors are placed at the source end and terminal end of each line. Transmission box deployment: Transmission boxes can be deployed in three different ways: water supply line deployment, power supply line deployment, and water-power hybrid deployment. Based on the deployment location and monitoring facilities, the transmission box connects to nearby sensors using the proximity principle. The installed transmission boxes are then named in sequence, "Transmission Box 1, Transmission Box 2, ...." 6. The emergency shelter real-life drill and monitoring maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The site monitoring is divided into normal state, detection state and abnormal monitoring. Normal status is the default monitoring status for all water supply pipelines and power supply pipelines, and it provides full coverage monitoring of power supply lines and water supply lines; Under normal conditions, the transmission box of each line receives monitoring data once every hour; The detection state is the monitoring state of a single line. Select the line that needs to be detected in the water supply pipeline or power supply pipeline and switch it from the normal state to the detection state. In the detection state, the transmission box of the line receives monitoring data every 30 seconds. Abnormal monitoring: set alarm thresholds for normal status and detection status respectively. Compare all monitoring data obtained in normal status and detection status with the set alarm thresholds to find abnormal data, realize abnormal monitoring, and issue an early warning when abnormal data is monitored and quickly locate the abnormal line.

7. The emergency shelter real-life drill and monitoring maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data transmission and coding stipulates the data form, transmission protocol and coding format of the monitoring data. Data format: The data collected by the sensor will be sent to the transmission box as a 4-20mA analog current signal, and then converted into the corresponding hexadecimal digital value through the analog-to-digital conversion module inside the transmission communication box; Transmission protocol: The converted data is processed internally by the transmission communication box and packaged based on the MQTT protocol. The standardized hexadecimal data is transmitted to the data communication and processing server through a network connection established by TCP / IP and using the MQTT publish / subscribe model. After receiving the data, the server unpacks and parses the data according to the protocol, restoring the actual physical quantity of the current signal, thus realizing the complete data flow process from the sensor to the server. Coding format: the content of the message transmitted by the transmission box, which uses hexadecimal and includes the following content: transmission box ID + network status + time + latitude + longitude + altitude + ADC1 + ADC2 + ADC3 + ADC4.

8. The emergency shelter real-life drill and monitoring maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data storage and organization includes monitoring data storage, hardware encoding and monitoring threshold storage, Data storage, that is, setting up a data table to store all received monitoring data. The data table divides the data into power monitoring data and water monitoring data according to the different data sources, and further classifies the power monitoring data and water monitoring data according to the hardware coding. At the same time, according to the monitoring threshold, the data is divided into normal data and abnormal data on the basis of the above classification, and an additional data table is set to store abnormal data. The additional data table also classifies the monitoring data according to the data source and hardware coding. Hardware coding: Based on the hardware deployment strategy, a data table is set up to establish a unified coding system for power lines, water lines, sensors, and transmission boxes to manage them. This ensures the uniqueness of sensors and transmission boxes, avoids redundant monitoring data, and facilitates unified and coordinated management and query. Monitoring threshold storage: Set up a data table and set a warning value for the water pressure and current sensors respectively. When the monitoring data is stored in the table, it is compared with the warning value to divide it into normal data and abnormal data, so that the abnormal warning unit in the facility monitoring module can operate normally.

9. The emergency shelter real-life drill and monitoring maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The facility monitoring module includes a water supply monitoring unit, a power supply monitoring unit, a transmission box status monitoring unit and an abnormality early warning unit. The water supply monitoring unit maps the water supply lines and water supply facilities in real time through a two-dimensional model, performs water supply monitoring in the normal state by default, and selects any water supply line on the two-dimensional model to actively start the detection state for monitoring, displays the water supply monitoring data received in real time in the normal state and the detection state in the form of a line graph, displays the abnormal data found in the normal state and the detection state in the form of a list, and displays the operation status of the water supply lines and water supply facilities using different color data on the 2D map according to the monitoring results; The power supply monitoring unit maps the power supply lines and power supply facilities in real time through a two-dimensional model, performs power supply monitoring in the normal state by default, and selects any power supply line on the two-dimensional model to actively start the detection state for monitoring, displays the power supply monitoring data received in real time in the normal state and the detection state in the form of a line graph, displays the abnormal data found in the normal state and the detection state in the form of a list, and displays the operating status of the power supply lines and power supply facilities using different color data on the 2D map according to the monitoring results; The transmission box status detection unit maps the underground water supply line and power supply line in real time through a two-dimensional model and marks the location of the transmission box on the two-dimensional model. At the same time, when the transmission box status detection is actively turned on, the two-dimensional model is used to select the target transmission box, and the server sends an "ask" command to the transmission box through the parameter setting interface to perform transmission box detection; If the transmission box can reply to the message in time, the transmission box is in online state. If the transmission box does not reply to the message or the reply time exceeds 1 minute, it is marked as offline state. At the same time, the status of the transmission box is displayed on the 2D model using different color data according to the detection results.

10. The emergency shelter real-life drill and monitoring maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring data module includes a facility map unit, an emergency plan unit, a material management unit, and a detection sharing unit. The facility drawing unit is used to store architectural drawings, zoning drawings, and facility distribution drawings of the refuge site; The emergency plan unit is used to store all the drill processes of the real-life drill module and the calculation model files involved; The material management unit is used to manage the material reserves of the shelter, classify and record the materials, and increase or decrease the material reserves based on the material in and out records; The detection sharing unit allows the management personnel of the shelter to make electronic records after completing the detection and upload them to the server so that subsequent personnel can query the detection reports and records.

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