High-voltage vacuum electromagnetic relay
By adopting a ceramic cover, base plate and vacuum state relay design, the insulation and arc extinguishing problems of traditional high-voltage electromagnetic relays are solved, and a high-voltage vacuum electromagnetic relay with high insulation performance and long life is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511132717.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-12
AI Technical Summary
Traditional high-voltage electromagnetic relays have deficiencies in insulation and arc extinguishing capabilities. The physical isolation distance between the metal cover and the base plate is too small, resulting in limited voltage resistance and insulation performance.
A ceramic cover and ceramic base plate are used, and the high insulation resistance and dielectric strength of ceramic materials are utilized. Combined with the vacuum state relay cavity design, vacuum treatment is carried out through the exhaust pipe to increase the conductive distance and reduce the concentration of gas molecules. Damping reeds are provided to improve vibration resistance.
It improves the dielectric withstand voltage capability and insulation performance of the relay, enhances the arc extinguishing ability and load capacity, extends the service life, and ensures safety and reliability in high-voltage environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN120637145A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of relay manufacturing, and in particular relates to a high-voltage vacuum electromagnetic relay. Background Art
[0002] With the continuous development and innovation of science and technology, high-voltage circuits are increasingly used in power systems, new energy vehicles, rail transit, and industrial automation. As the core component that controls the on and off of high-voltage circuits, the reliability and safety of relays are of paramount importance. Traditional high-voltage electromagnetic relays have shortcomings in insulation and arc extinguishing capabilities. This is because the housing and base of traditional electromagnetic relays are both made of metal, and the physical separation distance between the metal base and the metal housing is too small, which limits their withstand voltage and insulation performance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design an electromagnetic relay with higher insulation performance and arc extinguishing capability. Summary of the Invention
[0003] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-voltage vacuum electromagnetic relay. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A high-voltage vacuum electromagnetic relay comprises a ceramic cover, a contact system and an electromagnetic system, wherein the contact system is arranged on the ceramic base plate, and the electromagnetic system is arranged above the contact system via a bracket; the ceramic cover is snapped onto the ceramic base plate and is sealed and fixed to the ceramic base plate via a ceramic sealing process, thereby sealing the contact system and the electromagnetic system in the inner cavity of the ceramic cover; an exhaust pipe connected to the inner cavity of the ceramic cover is provided at the top of the ceramic cover, and the inner cavity of the ceramic cover is evacuated via the exhaust pipe, thereby placing the contact system and the electromagnetic system in a vacuum state.
[0004] Furthermore, the ceramic base plate has a plurality of grooves on its side, and the lower end of the bracket is fixed in the grooves.
[0005] Furthermore, the contact system includes a first static reed, a second static reed, and a dynamic reed arranged on the ceramic base plate; the first static reed and the second static reed are arranged opposite to each other, and the dynamic reed extends between the first static reed and the second static reed and contacts the first static reed; The electromagnetic system includes: a coil assembly, an armature, an iron core, a first yoke, a second yoke, a return spring and a push rod; the coil assembly is horizontally arranged on the bracket, the iron core is passed through the coil assembly, and the first yoke and the second yoke are riveted to the two ends of the iron core respectively; the armature is rotatably connected to the bracket through a pin shaft, and one end of the armature is located on the inner side of the first yoke, and the other end is located on the outer side of the second yoke; the upper ends of the pin shaft, the first yoke and the second yoke are connected by a cover plate; the upper end of the push rod is fixed to the end of the armature close to the second yoke, and the lower end is arranged opposite to the moving spring; the return spring is arranged between the armature and the bracket, and is fixed on the pin shaft, and one end of the return spring is located on the inner side of the push rod and applies a reaction force to it.
[0006] Furthermore, the ceramic base plate is provided with a first input end, a second input end, a common output end, a first output end and a second output end; the first input end and the second input end are electrically connected to the coil assembly; the common output end is electrically connected to the movable reed; the first output end is electrically connected to the first static reed; and the second output end is electrically connected to the second static reed.
[0007] Furthermore, a damping spring is fixed to the upper ends of the first yoke and the second yoke, and the top end of the damping spring is in contact with the cover shell.
[0008] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The present invention adopts an insulating ceramic cover and a ceramic base plate. By utilizing the extremely high insulation resistance and dielectric strength of the ceramic material, the ceramic base plate, the ceramic cover and the conductive components inside the relay can be effectively isolated, and the conductive components inside the relay can be isolated, thereby increasing their conductive spacing and preventing the conductive components inside the relay from breaking down with the base plate and the cover under high-voltage conditions, or the conductive components inside the relay from breaking down with each other, thereby ensuring the safety of the relay under high-voltage conditions, thereby improving the dielectric withstand voltage capability (≥5000Vr.ms) and insulation performance of the relay. In addition, by making an exhaust hole on the top of the ceramic cover and welding an exhaust pipe, after the relay is assembled, the exhaust pipe is used to evacuate the interior of the relay cavity to make the interior of the relay cavity a vacuum state, and the vacuum degree requirement is ≤10 -5 Pa, which greatly reduces the gas molecules in the cavity, can effectively prevent the damage to the contacts caused by arcing caused by ionization of gas molecules when the load current passes through, greatly improving the arc extinguishing ability, load capacity and service life of the product; 2. A damping spring is installed between the ceramic cover and the relay mechanism to ensure the product's anti-vibration performance.
[0009] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure after removing the cover; Figures 3 and 4 Schematic diagram of the welding groove between the ceramic base plate and the ceramic cover; Figures 5 and 6 It is a structural diagram of the electromagnetic system; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the contact system.
[0011] Description of reference numerals: 1-Ceramic cover; 2-Contact system; 3-Electromagnetic system; 4-Ceramic base plate; 5-Bracket; 6-Exhaust pipe; 7-Welding groove; 8-Damping spring; 2-1-First static spring; 2-2-Second static spring; 2-3-Moving spring; 2-4-First input terminal; 2-5-Second input terminal; 2-6-Common output terminal; 2-7-First output terminal; 2-8-Second output terminal; 3-1-Coil assembly; 3-2-Armature; 3-3-Iron core; 3-4-First yoke; 3-5-Second yoke; 3-6-Restoration spring; 3-7-Push rod; 3-8-Pin shaft; 3-9-Cover plate; 4-1-Groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0012] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
[0013] Please also see Figures 1 to 7 The embodiment of the present invention provides a crystal cover type high voltage vacuum electromagnetic relay, specifically comprising a ceramic cover 1, a contact system 2 and an electromagnetic system 3, wherein the contact system 2 is arranged on the ceramic base plate 4, and the electromagnetic system 3 is fixed above the contact system 2 by a bracket 5; the ceramic cover 1 is buckled onto the ceramic base plate 4 and is sealed and fixed to the ceramic base plate 4 by a ceramic sealing process, so that the contact system 2 and the electromagnetic system 3 are sealed in the inner cavity of the ceramic cover 1; an exhaust pipe 6 is provided on the top of the ceramic cover 1 to communicate with the inner cavity of the ceramic cover 1, and the inner cavity of the ceramic cover 1 is evacuated through the exhaust pipe 6, so that the contact system 2 and the electromagnetic system 3 are in a vacuum state, thereby realizing the vacuum state of the electromagnetic relay, so that the vacuum degree of the relay cavity is ≤10 -5 Pa, effectively preventing gas molecules from ionizing.
[0014] Specifically, the connection between the ceramic base plate 4 and the ceramic cover 1 may be metallized and then sealed using a ceramic sealing process.
[0015] Furthermore, in order to improve the connection reliability between the ceramic base plate 4 and the ceramic cover 1, as well as the overall sealing of the relay, the welding parts of the ceramic base plate 4 and the ceramic cover 1 can be metallized and then welding grooves 7 can be made, filled with solder and then welded.
[0016] By setting up an insulating ceramic cover and ceramic base plate, and utilizing the extremely high insulation resistance and dielectric strength of ceramic materials, the ceramic base plate, ceramic cover and the conductive parts inside the relay, as well as the conductive parts inside the relay, can be effectively isolated, thereby increasing their conductive spacing and preventing the conductive parts inside the relay from breaking down with the base plate and cover, or the conductive parts inside the relay from breaking down with each other under high-voltage conditions. This ensures the safety of the relay under high-voltage conditions, thereby improving the dielectric withstand voltage capability (≥5000Vr.ms) and insulation performance of the relay. In addition, by making an exhaust hole on the top of the ceramic cover and welding an exhaust pipe, after the relay is assembled, the exhaust pipe is used to evacuate the interior of the relay cavity to a vacuum state, with a vacuum degree requirement of ≤10 -5 Pa can significantly reduce the gas molecules in the cavity, and can effectively prevent the damage to the contacts caused by the arc generated by the ionization of gas molecules when the load current passes through, greatly improving the arc extinguishing ability, load capacity and service life of the product.
[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of grooves 4 - 1 are provided on the side of the ceramic base plate 4 . The interior of the grooves 4 - 1 is metallized and connected to the lower end of the bracket 5 through a ceramic-metal sealing process, thereby facilitating the fixing of the bracket.
[0018] It should be noted that the above structure can also be applied to balanced force electromagnetic relays or other applicable electromagnetic relays. Apart from this, the remaining structures of the balanced force electromagnetic relays or other electromagnetic relays are consistent with the existing structures and will not be described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention.
[0019] Furthermore, the contact system 2 includes a first static reed 2-1, a second static reed 2-2, and a dynamic reed 2-3 arranged on the ceramic base plate 4. The first static reed 2-1 and the second static reed 2-2 are arranged opposite to each other, and the dynamic reed 2-3 extends between the first static reed 2-1 and the second static reed 2-2 and contacts the first static reed 2-1; the dynamic reed 2-3 is forced to leave the first static reed 2-1 and contact the second static reed 2-2, thereby realizing contact switching.
[0020] The electromagnetic system 3 includes: a coil assembly 3-1, an armature 3-2, an iron core 3-3, a first yoke 3-4, a second yoke 3-5, a return spring 3-6 and a push rod 3-7; the coil assembly 3-1 includes a coil and a coil frame; the coil assembly 3-1 is horizontally arranged on the bracket 5, the iron core 3-3 is inserted into the coil assembly 3-1, and the first yoke 3-4 and the second yoke 3-5 are riveted to the two ends of the iron core 3-3 respectively; the armature 3 -2 is rotatably connected to the bracket 5 through a pin shaft 3-8, and one end of the armature 3-2 is located on the inner side of the first yoke 3-4, and the other end is located on the outer side of the second yoke 3-5, and the pin shaft, the first yoke 3-4 and the upper end of the second yoke 3-5 are connected by a cover plate 3-9; the upper end of the push rod 3-7 is fixed to the end of the armature 3-2 close to the second armature 3-5, and an insulating ball is provided at the lower end, and the insulating ball is arranged opposite to the movable spring piece 2-3. The return spring is arranged between the armature 3-2 and the bracket 5, and is fixed on the pin shaft 3-8. At the same time, one end of the return spring 3-6 is located on the inner side of the push rod 3-7 and applies a certain reaction force to the push rod 3-7 to prevent the armature 3-2 from rotating when the power is not supplied, causing the movable spring piece 2-3 to separate from the first static spring piece 2-1, and at this time, both ends of the armature 3-2 are not in contact with the first yoke 3-4 and the second yoke 3-5; when the coil is energized, the armature 3-2 drives the pin shaft 3-8, the return spring 3-6 and the push rod 3-7 to rotate. At the same time, the push rod 3-7 pushes the movable spring piece 2-3 to move toward the second static spring piece 2-2 until both ends of the armature 3-2 are adsorbed by the first yoke 3-4 and the second yoke 3-5, and the armature 3-2 stops rotating. At this time, the movable spring piece 2-3 and the second static spring piece 2-2 achieve reliable contact, realizing contact conversion.
[0021] Furthermore, the ceramic base plate 4 is also provided with a first input terminal 2-4, a second input terminal 2-5, a common output terminal 2-6, a first output terminal 2-7 and a second output terminal 2-8; the first input terminal 2-4 and the second input terminal 2-5 are passed through the ceramic base plate 4 and are both electrically connected to the coil assembly 3-1; the common output terminal 2-6 is electrically connected to the moving spring 2-3; the first output terminal 2-7 is a normally closed terminal, which is electrically connected to the first static spring 2-1, and the second output terminal 2-8 is a normally open terminal, which is electrically connected to the second static spring 2-2, and the first input terminal 2-4, the second input terminal 2-5, the common output terminal 2-6, the first output terminal 2-7 and the second output terminal 2-8 are all fixed on the ceramic base plate 4 by a ceramic sealing process.
[0022] It should be noted that the first static spring piece 2-1 and the second static spring piece 2-2 are both composed of two parts: a spring piece and a contact point, and when they come into contact with the movable spring piece 2-3, they both make contact through the contact point part.
[0023] Furthermore, a damping spring 8 is fixed to the upper ends of the first yoke 3-4 and the second yoke 3-5, and the top end of the damping spring 8 is in contact with the cover 1. The damping spring 8 improves the vibration resistance of the relay mechanism, that is, the contact system 2 and the electromagnetic system 3.
[0024] The working process of the electromagnetic relay of the present invention is: When the coil is not energized, under the reaction force of the return spring 3-6, the armature 3-2 is in a released state, the normally closed end contact is in a conductive state, and the normally open end contact is in a non-conductive state, that is, the movable spring 2-3 contacts the first static spring 2-1 and separates from the second static spring 2-2; when the rated voltage is loaded to the coil, the electromagnetic field generated by the coil overcomes the reaction force of the return spring 3-6, and the armature 3-2 drives the push rod 3-7 to rotate under the action of the electromagnetic attraction, and the push rod 3-7 pushes the movable spring 2-3 to move, so that the movable spring 2-3 separates from the first static spring 2-1 and contacts the second static spring 2-2, that is, the normally closed end contact is in a non-conductive state, and the normally open contact is in a conductive state, thereby realizing the conversion of the product contacts; when the coil is de-energized, due to the disappearance of the electromagnetic attraction, the armature 3-2 returns to the released state under the reaction force of the return spring 3-6 and the movable spring 2-3.
[0025] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
[0026] The above is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and the specific implementation of the present invention should not be considered to be limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made, which should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A high voltage vacuum electromagnetic relay, characterized in that: It includes a ceramic cover, a contact system and an electromagnetic system. The contact system is arranged on the ceramic base plate, and the electromagnetic system is arranged above the contact system through a bracket; the ceramic cover is buckled onto the ceramic base plate and is sealed and fixed to the ceramic base plate through a ceramic sealing process, so that the contact system and the electromagnetic system are sealed in the inner cavity of the ceramic cover; an exhaust pipe connected to the inner cavity of the ceramic cover is provided on the top of the ceramic cover, and the inner cavity of the ceramic cover is evacuated through the exhaust pipe, so that the contact system and the electromagnetic system are in a vacuum state.
2. The high-voltage vacuum electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic bottom plate has a plurality of grooves on its side, and the lower end of the bracket is fixed in the grooves.
3. The high-voltage vacuum electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact system includes a first static reed, a second static reed, and a dynamic reed arranged on the ceramic base plate; the first static reed and the second static reed are arranged opposite to each other, and the dynamic reed extends between the first static reed and the second static reed and contacts the first static reed; The electromagnetic system includes: a coil assembly, an armature, an iron core, a first yoke, a second yoke, a return spring and a push rod; the coil assembly is horizontally arranged on the bracket, the iron core is passed through the coil assembly, and the first yoke and the second yoke are riveted to the two ends of the iron core respectively; the armature is rotatably connected to the bracket through a pin shaft, and one end of the armature is located on the inner side of the first yoke, and the other end is located on the outer side of the second yoke; the upper ends of the pin shaft, the first yoke and the second yoke are connected by a cover plate; the upper end of the push rod is fixed to the end of the armature close to the second yoke, and the lower end is arranged opposite to the moving spring; the return spring is arranged between the armature and the bracket, and is fixed on the pin shaft, and one end of the return spring is located on the inner side of the push rod and applies a reaction force to it.
4. The high-voltage vacuum electromagnetic relay according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ceramic base plate is provided with a first input end, a second input end, a common output end, a first output end and a second output end; the first input end and the second input end are electrically connected to the coil assembly; the common output end is electrically connected to the movable reed; the first output end is electrically connected to the first static reed; and the second output end is electrically connected to the second static reed.
5. The high-voltage vacuum electromagnetic relay according to claim 3, characterized in that: A damping spring is fixed to the upper ends of the first yoke and the second yoke, and the top end of the damping spring is in contact with the cover shell.