High-voltage vacuum circuit breaker

Abstract

A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker is important equipment in an electric power system, a common high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker is usually provided with a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, a fixed contact and a movable contact are arranged in the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, connection and disconnection of a circuit can be realized through connection and disconnection of the two contacts, and the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber can eliminate electric arcs generated in a power-off process, so that the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker is convenient to use. And hidden dangers caused by over-high temperature generated by the generated electric arc are reduced. However, the stable work of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber needs to keep the internal vacuum degree, so that workers usually need to regularly check the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber off line to ensure that the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is kept in a normal working state, but the check needs to cut off a high-voltage circuit and is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and only regular check can be carried out, so that the work efficiency is greatly improved. And the situation that the working of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is abnormal and cannot be found easily exists.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit breakers, and in particular to a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker. Background Art

[0002] High-voltage vacuum circuit breakers are important equipment in power systems. Common high-voltage vacuum circuit breakers usually have a vacuum interrupter chamber, and fixed contacts and moving contacts are set inside the vacuum interrupter chamber. The circuit can be turned on and off by opening and closing the two contacts. The vacuum interrupter chamber can eliminate the arc generated during the power-off process and reduce the hidden dangers such as excessive temperature caused by the arc.

[0003] However, the stable operation of the vacuum interrupter requires maintaining the internal vacuum degree. Therefore, workers are usually required to conduct offline inspections of the vacuum interrupter regularly to ensure that the vacuum interrupter remains in normal working condition. However, this type of inspection requires cutting off the high-voltage circuit, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Only periodic inspections can be carried out, and it is easy for the vacuum interrupter to work abnormally without being discovered. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the inspection of vacuum circuit breakers in the existing technology requires cutting off the high-voltage circuit, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and can only be inspected regularly, and abnormal operation of the vacuum interrupter is prone to go undetected, the present application provides a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, and the specific solution is as follows.

[0005] A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, comprising a body, the body being adapted to be installed on a high-voltage line, and characterized in that: the body comprises a housing, the housing being provided with a plurality of insulating posts, the tops of the insulating posts being provided with upper sockets, the housing being provided with lower sockets, the upper and lower sockets being both adapted to be connected to a high-voltage line, an arc extinguishing chamber being provided within the insulating posts, the arc extinguishing chamber being provided with a fixed contact and a moving contact, the fixed contact being fixedly connected to the arc extinguishing chamber and electrically connected to the upper socket, the moving contact being slidably connected to the arc extinguishing chamber and electrically connected to the lower socket, the circuit being connected upon the moving contact abutting the fixed contact; A driving assembly is provided in the housing corresponding to the moving contact, the driving assembly including a relay and used to sense circuit abnormalities to drive the moving contact to move; A shielding cover is provided on the arc extinguishing chamber, and the shielding cover is circumferentially arranged around the arc extinguishing chamber. An inductive capacitor is provided on the shielding cover, and the inductive capacitor is provided on both sides of the fixed contact and the moving contact. The inductive capacitor is fixedly connected to the shielding cover. A capacitance sensor is provided on the inner wall of the insulating column corresponding to the arc extinguishing chamber. The capacitance sensor is used to detect the absolute potential value of the shielding cover and is electrically connected to the driving component. When the absolute potential value decreases, the capacitance sensor drives the moving contact to move away from the fixed contact.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, when the vacuum degree in the arc extinguishing chamber is in a normal state, the electron current between the charged contact and the shielding cover can be maintained at a lower voltage. When the vacuum degree in the arc extinguishing chamber decreases, the gas density in the arc extinguishing chamber will increase, and the electrons will be adsorbed by the gas molecules that cause the gas density to increase to become negative ions. The mass of the negative ions is large, which causes the electron current to decrease, thereby causing the absolute value of the potential at the shielding cover to decrease. The vacuum degree can then be judged by the change in the absolute value of the potential. Therefore, by setting the corresponding inductive capacitor and capacitance sensor, the vacuum degree of the arc extinguishing chamber can be detected in real time, which improves the convenience of detection. There is no need for workers to conduct regular inspections, and it also reduces the situation where abnormalities cannot be discovered due to lack of detection.

[0007] Optionally, the capacitive sensor includes a detection capacitor and a coupling capacitor, the detection capacitor is arranged on a side close to the shielding cover, and the coupling capacitor is arranged on a side close to the insulating column, and the detection capacitor and the coupling capacitor are used to cooperate in detecting the absolute potential value of the shielding cover.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the charge between the detection capacitor and the coupling capacitor will change with the change of the potential of the shielding cover, thereby realizing the judgment of the absolute potential value and judging the vacuum degree by outputting the voltage value.

[0009] Optionally, an insulating support plate is fixedly provided on the insulating column corresponding to the capacitive sensor, and the capacitive sensor is fixedly connected to the insulating support plate.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, providing an insulating support plate can effectively reduce interference, reduce the impact of the external environment on the capacitive sensor, and improve the accuracy of detection.

[0011] Optionally, a shielded power line is further provided on the insulating support plate, one end of the shielded power line is electrically connected to the capacitive sensor, and the other end of the shielded power line is used to connect to a power source.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the shielded power line can supply power to the capacitive sensor, and can effectively shield external interference during the power supply process, so that the capacitive sensor can effectively perform detection for a long time.

[0013] Optionally, the capacitive sensor is provided with one end of a coupling capacitor embedded in an insulating support plate, and the insulating support plate wraps the capacitive sensor.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the coupling capacitor is embedded in the insulating support plate, which can further protect and isolate the coupling capacitor, further reducing the detection error caused by the coupling capacitor being affected by the external environment, and further improving the detection accuracy.

[0015] Optionally, insulating paint is applied on the capacitor insulating support plate corresponding to the capacitor sensor, and the insulating paint wraps the joint surface between the coupling capacitor and the insulating support plate.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution and providing insulating paint, the interior of the capacitive sensor can be Optionally, a temperature sensor is further provided on the insulating support plate, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the capacitance sensor. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature exceeds a set value, the capacitance sensor stops working.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, since the detection accuracy of the capacitive sensor will be affected in an environment with too high a temperature, the operation of the capacitive sensor is stopped when the temperature is too high, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of false detection during the detection process.

[0018] Optionally, the drive assembly includes a drive magnetic valve and a transmission rod, one end of the transmission rod is hinged to the valve stem of the drive magnetic valve, and the other end of the transmission rod is hinged to the moving contact, and the transmission rod can drive the moving contact to slide when it moves.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the magnetic valve is driven to operate, the moving contact can be quickly driven to slide through the transmission action of the transmission rod, thereby realizing the opening or closing of the circuit, thereby improving the operational reliability and response speed of the circuit breaker.

[0020] Optionally, a fixing rod is provided inside the shell at a middle portion corresponding to the hinged rod, the fixing rod is fixedly connected to the shell, and the fixing rod passes through the hinged rod and is rotatably connected to the hinged rod.

[0021] By adopting this technical solution, the rod provides support and position limiting for the articulated rod, ensuring its stability during movement and preventing it from shifting or excessive deformation. The fixed rod is fixedly connected to the housing, enhancing the reliability of the overall structure. Furthermore, the fixed rod extends through the articulated rod and is rotationally connected to it, allowing the articulated rod to rotate smoothly within the constraints of the fixed rod, thereby driving the moving contact to slide precisely, improving the circuit breaker's response speed and operational accuracy.

[0022] Optionally, a bellows is provided between the arc extinguishing chamber and the fixed contact. The bellows is made of shape memory alloy and can shrink when heated. One end of the bellows is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc extinguishing chamber, and the other end of the bellows is fixedly connected to the fixed contact.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the bellows can automatically shrink when the temperature in the arc extinguishing chamber rises by utilizing the characteristics of the shape memory alloy material to compensate for the sealing of the arc extinguishing chamber. It can also assist in the separation of the fixed contact and the moving contact when the temperature is abnormal, thereby reducing further temperature increase.

[0024] In summary, this application has at least the following beneficial effects: The present application solves the problem that the inspection of vacuum circuit breakers in the prior art is time-consuming and labor-intensive because it is necessary to cut off the high-voltage circuit, and inspection can only be carried out periodically, which makes it easy for abnormal working of the vacuum arc chamber to go undetected. The present application arranges a capacitive sensor in the insulating column to directly detect the vacuum degree in the arc chamber in the insulating column. There is no need for workers to monitor it regularly, and the arc chamber can be inspected all the time, so that abnormal working of the arc chamber can be discovered in time, which facilitates timely maintenance of the vacuum circuit breaker.

[0025] The present application also wraps and separates the capacitive sensor by providing components such as insulating support plates, so that the capacitive sensor is less affected by the environment during detection, further improving the accuracy of detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the first embodiment.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment.

[0030] Description of reference numerals: 1. Main body; 11. Housing; 12. Drive assembly; 121. Magnetic valve; 122. Transmission rod; 123. Fixing rod; 2. Insulating column; 21. Upper connector; 22. Lower connector; 23. Capacitive sensor; 231. Detection capacitor; 232. Coupling capacitor; 24. Insulating support plate; 241. Shielded power line; 242. Insulating paint; 243. Temperature sensor; 25. Bellows; 3. Arc extinguishing chamber; 31. Fixed contact; 32. Moving contact; 33. Shielding cover; 34. Inductive capacitor; 35. Gas storage tank; 351. Electric valve; 352. Memory metal block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present application is further described below in detail through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Example 1

[0032] A high voltage vacuum circuit breaker, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it includes a body 1, which is used to be installed on a high-voltage line, and is characterized in that: the body 1 includes a shell 11, a plurality of insulating columns 2 are provided on the shell 11, an upper connection seat 21 is provided on the top of the insulating column 2, and a lower connection seat 22 is provided in the shell 11, the upper connection seat 21 and the lower connection seat 22 are both used to access the high-voltage line, an arc extinguishing chamber 3 is provided in the insulating column 2, and a fixed contact 31 and a moving contact 32 are provided in the arc extinguishing chamber 3, the fixed contact 31 is fixedly connected to the arc extinguishing chamber 3 and is electrically connected to the upper connection seat 21, the moving contact 32 is slidably connected to the arc extinguishing chamber 3 and is electrically connected to the lower connection seat 22, and the circuit is connected after the moving contact 32 abuts against the fixed contact 31; a corresponding moving contact 32 is provided in the shell 11 A driving component 12 is provided, which includes a relay and is used to sense circuit abnormalities to drive the moving contact 32 to move; a shielding cover 33 is provided on the arc extinguishing chamber 3, and the shielding cover 33 is circumferentially arranged around the arc extinguishing chamber 3. An inductive capacitor 34 is provided on the shielding cover 33, and the inductive capacitor 34 is arranged on both sides of the fixed contact 31 and the moving contact 32. The inductive capacitor 34 is fixedly connected to the shielding cover 33. A capacitance sensor 23 is provided on the inner wall of the insulating column 2 corresponding to the arc extinguishing chamber 3. The capacitance sensor 23 is used to detect the absolute potential value of the shielding cover 33 and is electrically connected to the driving component 12. When the absolute potential value decreases, the capacitance sensor 23 drives the moving contact 32 to move away from the fixed contact 31. In specific implementation, when the vacuum degree in the arc extinguishing chamber 3 is in a normal state, a lower voltage can be used to maintain the electron current between the charged contact and the shielding cover 33. When the vacuum degree in the arc extinguishing chamber 3 decreases, the gas density in the arc extinguishing chamber 3 will increase, and the electrons are adsorbed by the gas molecules that cause the gas density to increase to become negative ions. The mass of the negative ions is large, which causes the electron current to decrease, thereby causing the absolute value of the potential at the shielding cover 33 to decrease. The vacuum degree can be judged by the change in the absolute value of the potential.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the capacitive sensor 23 includes a detection capacitor 231 and a coupling capacitor 232. The detection capacitor 231 is disposed on a side close to the shielding cover 33, and the coupling capacitor 232 is disposed on a side close to the insulating column 2. The detection capacitor 231 and the coupling capacitor 232 are used to cooperate in detecting the absolute potential value of the shielding cover 33. In a specific implementation, the charge between the detection capacitor 231 and the coupling capacitor 232 changes with the potential of the shielding cover 33, thereby determining the absolute potential value. The capacitive sensor 23 then outputs a voltage value, thereby determining the vacuum degree.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an insulating support plate 24 is fixedly provided on the insulating column 2 corresponding to the capacitive sensor 23, and the capacitive sensor 23 is fixedly connected to the insulating support plate 24. A shielded power line 241 is also provided on the insulating support plate 24, one end of the shielded power line 241 is electrically connected to the capacitive sensor 23, and the other end of the shielded power line 241 is used to connect to a power source. The capacitive sensor 23 is provided with one end of a coupling capacitor 232 embedded in the insulating support plate 24, and the insulating support plate 24 wraps the capacitive sensor 23. An insulating paint 242 is applied to the capacitive insulating support plate 24 corresponding to the capacitive sensor 23, and the insulating paint 242 wraps the joint surface between the coupling capacitor 232 and the insulating support plate 24. In a specific implementation, the insulating support plate 24 can effectively block and protect the capacitive sensor 23, reduce the impact of the external environment on the capacitive sensor 23, and improve the accuracy of detection. To further improve the accuracy of detection, the distance between the capacitive sensor 23 and the shielding cover 33 needs to be found based on offline experiments to find the optimal distance.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a temperature sensor 243 is also provided on the insulating support plate 24. The temperature sensor 243 is electrically connected to the capacitive sensor 23. When the temperature sensor 243 detects that the temperature exceeds a set value, the capacitive sensor 23 stops operating. In a specific implementation, the temperature sensor 243 can detect the temperature of the capacitive sensor 23 itself, thereby reducing the possibility of false alarms caused by the ambient temperature affecting the detection accuracy of the capacitive sensor 23.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the drive assembly 12 includes a drive magnetic valve 121 and a transmission rod 122. One end of the transmission rod 122 is hinged to the valve stem of the drive magnetic valve 121, and the other end of the transmission rod 122 is hinged to the moving contact 32. When the transmission rod 122 moves, it can drive the moving contact 32 to slide. A fixed rod 123 is provided in the middle of the housing 11 corresponding to the hinged rod. The fixed rod 123 is fixedly connected to the housing 11, passes through the hinged rod and is rotatably connected to the hinged rod. In a specific implementation, the drive magnetic valve 121 can push the transmission rod 122 to rotate, thereby pushing the moving contact 32 to move, so that the moving contact 32 can stably move toward the fixed contact 31.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a bellows 25 is provided between the arc extinguishing chamber 3 and the fixed contact 31. The bellows 25 is made of a shape memory alloy and can shrink when heated. One end of the bellows 25 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc extinguishing chamber 3, and the other end of the bellows 25 is fixedly connected to the fixed contact 31. In a specific implementation, the bellows 25 can shrink as the temperature changes. When the temperature in the arc extinguishing chamber 3 rises, the bellows 25 automatically shrinks due to the characteristics of the shape memory alloy, thereby compensating for the sealing of the arc extinguishing chamber 3 and assisting in the separation of the fixed contact 31 and the moving contact 32 when the temperature is abnormal.

[0038] Working principle: By setting up the capacitive sensor 23, the convenience of detection is improved, and the high-voltage line can be detected online without the need for workers to conduct regular offline inspections. This also reduces the situation where abnormalities cannot be discovered due to lack of inspection. Example 2

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, the main difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the arc extinguishing chamber 3 of Example 2 is provided with a gas storage tank 35, which is used to store sulfur hexachloride gas. The gas storage tank 35 is provided with an electric valve 351, which is electrically connected to the capacitance sensor 23. In specific implementation, when the capacitance sensor 23 detects a decrease in vacuum, the electric valve 351 will be energized and started. At this time, sulfur hexachloride can flow into the arc extinguishing chamber 3. Sulfur hexachloride is a gas with insulating properties, but when the vacuum degree decreases, sulfur hexachloride can replenish the gas and also eliminate the arc. Sulfur hexachloride gas can only be used once, and if it is used again thereafter, the circuit breaker needs to be repaired as a whole.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, a memory metal block 352 is fixedly mounted at the electric valve 351 within the gas storage tank 35. This memory metal block 352 can completely block the passage between the gas storage tank 35 and the arc extinguishing chamber 3. In practice, when the temperature rises, the memory metal block 352 shrinks, opening the passage. Only when the temperature generated by the arc becomes too high will sulfur hexachloride gas be replenished, providing dual protection and reducing the risk of excessive sulfur hexachloride gas consumption.

[0041] Working principle: The basic working principle of Example 2 is the same as that of Example 1, but a gas storage tank 35 is added to replenish sulfur hexachloride gas when abnormal operation of the arc extinguishing chamber 3 occurs, which can reduce the situation where the arc extinguishing chamber 3 fails and causes damage to the circuit breaker.

[0042] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, comprising a body (1), wherein the body (1) is used to be installed on a high-voltage line, and is characterized in that: The body (1) comprises a shell (11), a plurality of insulating columns (2) are provided on the shell (11), an upper connection seat (21) is provided on the top of the insulating column (2), and a lower connection seat (22) is provided in the shell (11), the upper connection seat (21) and the lower connection seat (22) are both used for connecting to a high-voltage line, an arc extinguishing chamber (3) is provided in the insulating column (2), a fixed contact (31) and a moving contact (32) are provided in the arc extinguishing chamber (3), the fixed contact (31) is fixedly connected to the arc extinguishing chamber (3) and electrically connected to the upper connection seat (21), the moving contact (32) is slidably connected to the arc extinguishing chamber (3) and electrically connected to the lower connection seat (22), and the circuit is connected after the moving contact (32) and the fixed contact (31) abut against each other; A drive assembly (12) is provided in the housing (11) corresponding to the moving contact (32), and the drive assembly (12) includes a relay and is used to sense circuit abnormalities to drive the moving contact (32) to move; The arc extinguishing chamber (3) is provided with a shielding cover (33), the shielding cover (33) is circumferentially arranged around the arc extinguishing chamber (3), the shielding cover (33) is provided with an inductive capacitor (34), the inductive capacitor (34) is arranged on both sides of the fixed contact (31) and the movable contact (32), the inductive capacitor (34) is fixedly connected to the shielding cover (33), and a capacitance sensor (23) is provided on the inner wall of the insulating column (2) corresponding to the arc extinguishing chamber (3), the capacitance sensor (23) is used to detect the absolute potential value of the shielding cover (33) and is electrically connected to the driving component (12), and when the absolute potential value decreases, the capacitance sensor (23) drives the movable contact (32) to move away from the fixed contact (31).

2. A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacitive sensor (23) comprises a detection capacitor (231) and a coupling capacitor (232); the detection capacitor (231) is arranged on a side close to the shielding cover (33); the coupling capacitor (232) is arranged on a side close to the insulating column (2); the detection capacitor (231) and the coupling capacitor (232) are used to cooperate in detecting the absolute potential value of the shielding cover (33).

3. A high voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: An insulating support plate (24) is fixedly provided on the insulating column (2) corresponding to the capacitance sensor (23), and the capacitance sensor (23) is fixedly connected to the insulating support plate (24).

4. A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that: A shielded power line (241) is also provided on the insulating support plate (24), one end of the shielded power line (241) is electrically connected to the capacitive sensor (23), and the other end of the shielded power line (241) is used to connect to a power source.

5. A high voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that: The capacitive sensor (23) is provided with a coupling capacitor (232), one end of which is embedded in an insulating support plate (24), and the insulating support plate (24) wraps the capacitive sensor (23).

6. A high voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The capacitor insulating support plate (24) is coated with insulating paint (242) corresponding to the capacitor sensor (23), and the insulating paint (242) wraps the joint surface between the coupling capacitor (232) and the insulating support plate (24).

7. A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (243) is also provided on the insulating support plate (24). The temperature sensor (243) is electrically connected to the capacitance sensor (23). When the temperature sensor (243) detects that the temperature exceeds a set value, the capacitance sensor (23) stops working.

8. The high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (12) comprises a driving magnetic valve (121) and a transmission rod (122), one end of the transmission rod (122) is hinged to the valve stem of the driving magnetic valve (121), and the other end of the transmission rod (122) is hinged to the moving contact (32), and the transmission rod (122) can drive the moving contact (32) to slide when moving.

9. A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 8, characterized in that: A fixing rod (123) is provided in the middle of the housing (11) corresponding to the hinged rod. The fixing rod (123) is fixedly connected to the housing (11). The fixing rod (123) passes through the hinged rod and is rotatably connected to the hinged rod.

10. The high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bellows (25) is provided between the arc extinguishing chamber (3) and the fixed contact (31). The bellows (25) is made of a shape memory alloy and can shrink when heated. One end of the bellows (25) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc extinguishing chamber (3), and the other end of the bellows (25) is fixedly connected to the fixed contact (31).

Images