Power battery box, battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power batteries, in particular to a power battery box, a battery pack and a vehicle. The power battery box comprises a box body, a bottom plate and a top cover, the bottom wall of the box body is connected to the bottom plate, an opening is formed in the top of the box body, the top cover is arranged at the top of the box body and can open or close the opening, a containing cavity is formed in the top cover, the containing cavity is filled with solid fire extinguishing materials, and the solid fire extinguishing materials can cover the battery cells. Compared with the prior art, the top cover of the power battery box is filled with the solid fire extinguishing material, when the cavity wall of the containing cavity is burnt through, after the solid fire extinguishing material absorbs part of heat, the pressure is increased, the solid fire extinguishing material collides or leaks to the inner space above the power battery box, immersed cooling and fire extinguishing are formed, combustion caused by thermal runaway of a battery can be avoided, and meanwhile, the heat energy is saved. The battery box is prevented from being damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power batteries, and in particular to a power battery box, a battery pack and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy vehicles, electric vehicles have become an important type of vehicle, and automotive power batteries are a core component of new energy vehicles. In recent years, with the increase in the number of electric vehicles, the safety requirements for new energy vehicles have continued to increase. The new national standard requires that power batteries do not experience thermal runaway under heat propagation conditions.

[0003] In order to suppress combustion caused by thermal runaway of power batteries, various OEMs and parts suppliers are developing various fire extinguishing methods. Currently, coolant bottom plates and side wall flow channels are usually set up to spray coolant for fire extinguishing. However, the coolant is greatly affected by temperature and its volume changes greatly, which can easily cause damage to the battery box and lead to coolant leakage.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a power battery box, a battery pack and a vehicle to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a power battery box, a battery pack and a vehicle, which can avoid combustion caused by thermal runaway of the battery and at the same time avoid damage to the battery box.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A power battery box comprises: a box body, a bottom plate and a top cover, wherein the bottom wall of the box body is connected to the bottom plate, the top of the box body is provided with an opening, the top cover is provided on the top of the box body, and the top cover can open or close the opening, and a accommodating cavity is provided in the top cover, the accommodating cavity is filled with solid fire extinguishing material, and the solid fire extinguishing material can cover the battery cells.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned power battery box, the top cover is sequentially provided with a plurality of interlayers along the vertical direction, and each interlayer is provided with the accommodating cavity.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution for the above-mentioned power battery box, the interlayer includes a plurality of cavities, and the plurality of cavities are distributed in an array, with m rows arranged along the length direction of the top cover and n columns arranged along the width direction of the top cover, where m and n are both integers greater than 1, and the plurality of cavities together constitute the accommodating cavity.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned power battery box, two adjacent cavities are connected to each other.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned power battery box, the power battery box further includes a temperature-resistant layer, and the temperature-resistant layer is arranged on the bottom wall of the interlayer at the bottom.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned power battery box, the temperature-resistant layer is a mica substrate.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution for the above-mentioned power battery box, the solid fire extinguishing material is perfluoroacetone.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned power battery box, the top cover is made of metal.

[0015] A battery pack comprises a plurality of battery cells, and the battery pack further comprises a power battery box according to any of the above-mentioned preferred technical solutions, wherein the plurality of battery cells are distributed in an array in the power battery box, with m rows arranged along the length direction of the power battery box and n columns arranged along the width direction of the power battery box, where m and n are both integers greater than 1.

[0016] A vehicle includes a vehicle frame, and further includes the battery pack according to the above preferred technical solution, wherein the battery pack is installed on the vehicle frame.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0018] The present invention provides a power battery box, a battery pack, and a vehicle. The power battery box includes: a box body, a bottom plate, and a top cover. The bottom wall of the box body is connected to the bottom plate. The top of the box body is provided with an opening. The top cover is provided on the top of the box body, and the opening can be opened or closed. A receiving cavity is provided in the top cover, and the receiving cavity is filled with solid fire extinguishing material. The solid fire extinguishing material can cover the battery cells. Compared with the prior art, the top cover of the power battery box is filled with solid fire extinguishing material. When the cavity wall of the receiving cavity is burned through, the solid fire extinguishing material increases in pressure after absorbing some heat, and collides or leaks into the internal space above the power battery box, forming an immersion cooling and fire extinguishing effect, which can avoid combustion caused by thermal runaway of the battery and at the same time, avoid damage to the battery box.

[0019] The present invention also provides a battery pack comprising a plurality of battery cells, the battery pack further comprising a power battery box according to any of the above preferred technical solutions, wherein the plurality of battery cells are distributed in an array within the power battery box, with m rows arranged along the length of the power battery box and n columns arranged along the width of the power battery box, where m and n are both integers greater than 1. Compared to the prior art, when the temperature of the battery cells within the battery pack is too high, the heat is transferred to the top cover, and the solid fire extinguishing material within the top cover receiving cavity can absorb the heat, thereby reducing the temperature within the battery box and, at the same time, increasing the pressure within the top cover receiving cavity. When the battery cells within the battery pack burn due to thermal runaway, the cavity wall of the receiving cavity is burned through, and the solid fire extinguishing material within the top cover receiving cavity, under the action of high pressure, collides or leaks into the internal space above the power battery box, forming an immersion-type cooling and fire extinguishing process, preventing the spread of fire and improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0020] The present invention also provides a vehicle comprising a frame and the battery pack of the preferred technical solution described above, mounted on the frame. Compared to existing technologies, this vehicle utilizes the battery pack. When a battery cell within the battery pack burns due to thermal runaway, the solid fire extinguishing material within the roof cavity can be immersed in the vehicle to cool and extinguish the fire, preventing the spread of the fire, preventing the entire vehicle from burning, minimizing damage, and protecting the lives of those inside. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in describing the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 is a first structural schematic diagram of a top cover provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a second structural schematic diagram of the top cover provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a third structural schematic diagram of the top cover provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of middle A.

[0026] In the picture:

[0027] 1. Top cover; 2. Interlayer; 3. Cavity; 4. Heat-resistant layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all structures.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific circumstances.

[0030] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0031] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used to refer to positions or locations based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are intended solely to facilitate description and simplify operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the present invention provides a power battery box, a battery pack and a vehicle. The power battery box includes: a box body, a bottom plate and a top cover 1. Specifically, the bottom wall of the box body is connected to the bottom plate, the top of the box body is provided with an opening, the top cover 1 is provided on the top of the box body, and the top cover 1 can open or close the opening, and a receiving cavity is provided in the top cover 1, and the receiving cavity is filled with solid fire extinguishing material, and the solid fire extinguishing material can cover the battery cell. Compared with the prior art, the top cover 1 of the power battery box is filled with solid fire extinguishing material. When the cavity wall of the receiving cavity is burned through, the solid fire extinguishing material absorbs part of the heat, and the pressure increases, and the solid fire extinguishing material collides or leaks into the internal space above the power battery box, forming immersion cooling and fire extinguishing, which can avoid combustion caused by thermal runaway of the battery and at the same time avoid damage to the battery box.

[0033] Optionally, the top cover 1 is vertically arranged with a plurality of interlayers 2, each of which is provided with a receiving cavity. Specifically, in this embodiment, the top cover 1 is vertically arranged with two interlayers 2, each of which is provided with a receiving cavity filled with solid fire extinguishing material. This increases the volume of solid fire extinguishing material that can be carried by the power battery box, ensuring sufficient solid fire extinguishing material and improving the fire extinguishing effect. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of interlayers 2 is determined based on actual conditions and will not be further described here. Furthermore, the solid fire extinguishing material is perfluoroacetone.

[0034] Optionally, interlayer 2 includes a plurality of cavities 3 arranged in an array, with m rows arranged along the length of top cover 1 and n columns arranged along the width of top cover 1, where m and n are both integers greater than 1. The plurality of cavities 3 collectively constitute a receiving cavity. Specifically, a mesh-like sheet metal component is provided within interlayer 2, dividing the receiving cavity into a plurality of cavities 3. Each of the cavities 3 is filled with a solid fire extinguishing material. The provision of the sheet metal component forms a plurality of closed structural mechanical units within interlayer 2, thereby improving the overall structural rigidity of top cover 1.

[0035] Optionally, two adjacent cavities 3 are interconnected. Specifically, a plurality of through holes are provided on the sheet metal component to interconnect the two adjacent cavities 3, allowing the solid fire extinguishing material in the cavities 3 to flow. When the wall of one cavity 3 is burned through, the solid fire extinguishing material in the remaining cavities 3 can pass through the through holes to participate in extinguishing the fire, thereby improving the fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0036] Optionally, the power battery case also includes a heat-resistant layer 4, which is disposed on the bottom wall of the bottommost interlayer 2. Specifically, the heat-resistant layer 4 is sprayed inside the power battery case to improve its heat resistance. The solid fire-extinguishing material within the interlayer 2 absorbs heat in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cells, reducing the temperature within the power battery case. Furthermore, when the upper interlayer 2 burns through, the solid fire-extinguishing material drips onto the battery cells, covering them and achieving a cooling and fire-extinguishing function. Furthermore, the heat-resistant layer 4 is mica-based.

[0037] Optionally, the top cover 1 is made of metal. Specifically, the power battery box is made of metal, which can increase the service life of the power battery box.

[0038] The present invention also provides a battery pack, comprising a plurality of battery cells, the battery pack further comprising the power battery box of the above embodiment, wherein the plurality of battery cells are distributed in an array within the power battery box, with m rows arranged along the length of the power battery box and n columns arranged along the width of the power battery box, where m and n are both integers greater than 1, and the battery pack further comprising other necessary components of a battery pack in the prior art. Compared to the prior art, when the temperature of the battery cells within the battery pack is too high, the heat is transferred to the top cover 1, and the solid fire extinguishing material within the accommodating cavity of the top cover 1 can absorb the heat, thereby reducing the temperature within the battery box and, at the same time, increasing the pressure within the accommodating cavity of the top cover 1. When the battery cells within the battery pack burn due to thermal runaway, the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity is burned through, and the solid fire extinguishing material within the accommodating cavity of the cover is ejected or leaked into the internal space above the power battery box under the action of high pressure, forming an immersion-type cooling and fire extinguishing method, thereby preventing the spread of fire and improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0039] The present invention also provides a vehicle comprising a frame, the battery pack of the aforementioned embodiment mounted on the frame, and other essential components of a vehicle as known in the art. Compared to the prior art, this vehicle utilizes the aforementioned battery pack. When a battery cell within the battery pack burns due to thermal runaway, the solid fire extinguishing material within the cavity of the top cover 1 provides immersion cooling and extinguishing, preventing the spread of fire, preventing combustion of the entire vehicle, minimizing losses, and protecting the lives of those inside.

[0040] Furthermore, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions are possible for those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power battery box, characterized in that: include: A box body, a bottom plate and a top cover (1), wherein the bottom wall of the box body is connected to the bottom plate, the top of the box body is provided with an opening, the top cover (1) is provided on the top of the box body, and the top cover (1) is capable of opening or closing the opening, and a receiving cavity is provided in the top cover (1), the receiving cavity is filled with solid fire extinguishing material, and the solid fire extinguishing material is capable of covering the battery core.

2. A power battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top cover (1) is provided with a plurality of interlayers (2) in sequence along the vertical direction, and each interlayer (2) is provided with the accommodating cavity.

3. A power battery box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interlayer (2) includes a plurality of cavities (3), and the plurality of cavities (3) are distributed in an array, with m rows arranged along the length direction of the top cover (1) and n columns arranged along the width direction of the top cover (1), where m and n are both integers greater than 1, and the plurality of cavities (3) together constitute the accommodating cavity.

4. A power battery box according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two adjacent cavities (3) are communicated with each other.

5. A power battery box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power battery box further comprises a heat-resistant layer (4), and the heat-resistant layer (4) is arranged on the bottom wall of the interlayer (2) at the bottom.

6. A power battery box according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat-resistant layer (4) is a mica base material.

7. A power battery box according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The solid fire extinguishing material is perfluoroacetone.

8. A power battery box according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The top cover (1) is a metal part.

9. A battery pack comprising a plurality of battery cells, characterized in that: The battery pack also includes a power battery box as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a plurality of the battery cells are distributed in an array in the power battery box, with m rows arranged along the length direction of the power battery box and n columns arranged along the width direction of the power battery box, where m and n are both integers greater than 1.

10. A vehicle comprising a frame, characterized in that: The vehicle further includes the battery pack according to claim 9, wherein the battery pack is mounted to the vehicle frame.

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