Intelligent electric meter system based on multi-energy complementation and electric power acquisition system

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent electric meter system based on multi-energy complementation and an electric power acquisition system. The intelligent electric meter system comprises an electric meter cluster, a tool structure, a controller and an energy supplement device. The electric meter cluster comprises a plurality of intelligent electric meters, the tool structure comprises a tool bus and a plurality of groups of energy storage batteries corresponding to the plurality of intelligent electric meters, and the energy supplement device comprises at least one group of power generation equipment installed in an area where the intelligent electric meters are located. The controller is used for converting unstable electric energy output by the power generation equipment into voltage-stabilized electric energy and storing the voltage-stabilized electric energy in the energy storage battery; and each group of energy storage batteries is connected in parallel with the power failure meter reading battery module of the corresponding intelligent electric meter or replaces the power failure meter reading battery module, and is used for providing clock voltage for the corresponding intelligent electric meter. According to the method, priority energy complementation of a multi-ammeter cluster is realized, the service life of the battery capacity for meter reading in power failure can be prolonged from 8-10 years to 14 years or above, and data storage disorder and loss caused by undervoltage of a flash chip are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a smart meter system in the field of power systems, in particular to a smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity, and also to a power collection system. Background Art

[0002] An electric energy meter is a device that measures electrical energy consumption, recording the accumulated active energy in a circuit and displaying power consumption in kilowatt-hours (kWh). Traditional mechanical meters measure energy using a rotating aluminum disk, while modern electronic meters utilize digital chips and sensors for high-precision measurement. They also offer data storage, remote communications (such as RS-485, LoRa, and NB-IoT), and real-time load monitoring. They are widely used in homes, industries, and businesses, supporting tiered electricity pricing and abnormal power usage alerts. They also provide core data support for energy management and optimization in smart grids.

[0003] According to the IEC62053-31 standard, the outage battery in an electricity meter must guarantee a lifespan of 10 years or more under rated load. However, in practice, the capacity of lithium-ion batteries can degrade by up to 50% due to temperature fluctuations (-40°C to +85°C). With the gradual improvement in meter functionality and performance in recent years, the outage batteries in current meters are no longer able to meet the requirements of a lifespan of ten years or more. As the battery loses charge, the power supply to the flash chip weakens, exposing data storage issues. Currently, the only solution to this problem is to replace batteries with insufficient capacity. However, in a centralized installation of multiple meters, the manual maintenance cost of replacing batteries individually is very high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems of short life and high maintenance cost of existing electricity meter clocks due to battery degradation, the present invention provides a smart meter system and power collection system based on multi-energy complementarity.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solution: a smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity, comprising: a meter cluster, which includes multiple smart meters; A tooling structure, comprising a tooling bus and a plurality of energy storage batteries corresponding to the plurality of smart meters; A controller, the output end of which is connected to the electric meter cluster via the tooling bus; An energy replenishment device, comprising at least one group of power generation equipment installed in the area where the smart meter is located; the controller is used to convert the unstable electric energy output by the power generation equipment into regulated electric energy and store it in the energy storage battery; each group of energy storage batteries is connected in parallel with the power outage meter reading battery module of the corresponding smart meter or replaces the power outage meter reading battery module, and is used to provide a clock voltage to the corresponding smart meter.

[0006] The present invention provides an energy replenishment device, utilizes power generation equipment in conjunction with a controller and a plug-in tooling interface to achieve priority energy replenishment for a multi-meter cluster, thereby extending the service life of the battery capacity for power outage meter reading from 8 to 10 years to more than 14 years, avoiding data storage confusion and loss caused by undervoltage of the flash chip, and solving the technical problems of existing electricity meter clocks with short life and high maintenance costs due to battery degradation.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above solution, each group of power generation equipment includes at least one solar panel, and the solar panel is installed on the top of the building structure where the multiple smart meters are located.

[0008] Furthermore, the solar panel is a monocrystalline silicon solar panel, and the output end is connected to one end of the tooling bus; the other end of the tooling bus is connected to the energy storage battery through a double-jack terminal.

[0009] Furthermore, each group of energy storage batteries includes two iron-lithium batteries, which are connected in series and detachably inserted into the corresponding power outage meter reading battery module installation slots.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above solution, the power generation equipment includes at least one wind turbine, and the wind turbine is installed on the facade of the building structure where the multiple smart meters are located.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above solution, the controller includes: A power monitoring module, which is used to collect the output power data of the power generation equipment and the charge state of the energy storage battery in real time; A power regulation module dynamically adjusts the output power of the power generation equipment through a closed-loop control strategy based on the feedback signal of the charge state, so that the charge and discharge rate of the energy storage battery matches the current power generation power and load demand.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above solution, the smart meter is provided with a charging interface, and the energy storage battery is connected to the charging interface; the controller stores the stabilized electric energy in the energy storage battery through the charging interface.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above solution, a graphene heat dissipation layer is integrated on the surface of the shell of the energy storage battery, and a heat path is formed between the graphene heat dissipation layer and the housing of the smart meter through a thermally conductive silicone pad.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above solution, the tooling bus is configured to allow energy storage batteries corresponding to different smart meters to provide power to each other, and the controller dynamically allocates power transmission paths according to the charge state of each energy storage battery.

[0015] The present invention also provides an electric power collection system, which includes a concentrator, multiple collectors and any one of the above-mentioned smart meter systems based on multi-energy complementarity; the multiple collectors correspond to multiple smart meters respectively; each collector is used to collect the electric energy data of the corresponding smart meter and transmit it to the concentrator, and the concentrator uploads the electric energy data of each smart meter to the data collection background.

[0016] Compared with the existing electric energy meter system, the smart electric meter system and power collection system based on multi-energy complementarity of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This smart meter system, based on multi-energy complementarity, implements priority energy replenishment for a multi-meter cluster by installing an energy replenishment device, utilizing power generation equipment in conjunction with a controller and plug-in tooling interfaces. This can extend the battery life of power meter reading during power outages from 8-10 years to over 14 years, avoid data storage confusion and loss caused by flash chip undervoltage, and solve the technical problems of existing electricity meter clocks, such as short life and high maintenance costs due to battery degradation.

[0017] 2. This smart meter system, based on multi-energy complementarity, has a controller that converts the unstable power supplied by solar panels into stable 6.6V power. It is a small-capacity controller that integrates energy storage management and inverter. It can monitor the output power of photovoltaic cells and the status of energy storage batteries in real time, and can dynamically adjust charging parameters (such as voltage and current). It uses photoelectric conversion to solve the problem of insufficient battery life. The high conversion efficiency can greatly extend the service life of the battery in the power meter during power outages, thereby extending the service life of the power meter and reducing maintenance costs.

[0018] 3. This smart meter system, based on multi-energy complementarity, reduces the impact of fluctuations in a single energy source through wind and solar power complementation, ensuring all-weather power supply stability. Furthermore, the series and detachable structure of the iron-lithium battery pack, as well as its energy mutual assistance function, improves the system's fault tolerance and avoids single points of failure.

[0019] 4. This multi-energy-based smart meter system features a removable busbar, dual-socket terminals, and a removable energy storage battery, enabling rapid deployment. Standardized interfaces simplify device connectivity and support plug-and-play operation. Furthermore, since the energy storage battery is removable and replaceable, local faults can be repaired without powering down, reducing operational complexity.

[0020] 5. This smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity has a graphene heat dissipation layer integrated on the surface of the energy storage battery shell and is equipped with a thermal conductive silicone pad. The graphene heat dissipation layer can quickly dissipate battery heat to avoid capacity decay caused by high temperature. The heat is transferred to the meter shell through the thermal conductive silicone pad, achieving overall heat dissipation coordination and extending the life of the battery and meter.

[0021] 6. The smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity has an energy storage battery connected in parallel or replaced with the power outage meter reading battery module. The energy storage battery provides a constant clock voltage, avoiding the timing error caused by insufficient power of the traditional power outage meter reading battery, ensuring the accuracy of the smart meter's timestamp, and providing a reliable basis for time-of-use electricity price measurement and fault tracing.

[0022] 7. The beneficial effects of the power collection system are the same as those of the smart meter system and will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of a smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity according to Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0025] Example 1 See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity. The smart meter system includes a meter cluster, a tooling structure, a controller, and an energy replenishment device. In some other embodiments, the smart meter system may also include other devices, such as various installation structures, etc., which can be added according to actual needs.

[0026] A meter cluster consists of multiple smart meters. A meter cluster is essentially a collection of smart meters. In practice, it can be understood as all the smart meters in a specific area, such as all the smart meters in a building or all the smart meters in a residential area in a village. The specific number of meters can be determined based on the distribution of the meters and the distance between them.

[0027] In some embodiments, a meter cluster can consist of 16-64 smart meters in a ring topology, with each meter no more than 50 meters apart, creating a compact cluster layout. These meters can be powered by the same transformer, or they can be powered by different transformers, as long as the distance between them is not too great.

[0028] The fixture structure includes a fixture bus and multiple energy storage battery groups, each corresponding to multiple smart meters. Each energy storage battery group includes two iron-lithium batteries, which are connected in series and removably snap into the corresponding power outage meter reading battery module installation slot.

[0029] In some embodiments, the smart meter is equipped with a charging port, to which the energy storage battery is connected. The tooling bus utilizes a twisted-pair shielded cable design (AWG18) with an IP67 rating. Multiple energy storage battery packs utilize a modular design, and the battery packs can be configured with a bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit (efficiency ≥ 95%), supporting a maximum charge and discharge current of 2A.

[0030] The energy replenishment device includes at least one set of power generation equipment installed within the area where the smart meters are located. In this embodiment, each set of power generation equipment includes at least one solar panel installed atop the building structure where the multiple smart meters are located. The solar panels are monocrystalline silicon solar panels, with their output ends connected to one end of a tooling bus. The other end of the tooling bus is connected to the energy storage battery via a dual-pin terminal.

[0031] In some embodiments, including this one, the solar panels form a distributed photovoltaic array. Each array consists of four monocrystalline silicon solar panels (peak power 60W / panel) and utilizes maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology. The photovoltaic array is connected to the tooling bus via a waterproof junction box (IP68 protection rating). The bus ends are equipped with PhoenixContact dual-pin terminals with a contact resistance of less than 5mΩ. Specifically, the system incorporates a shadow compensation algorithm that automatically adjusts the operating voltage of each branch.

[0032] The controller's output is connected to the meter cluster via a tooling bus. The controller converts the unstable power output of the power generation equipment into regulated power and stores it in energy storage batteries. Each set of energy storage batteries is connected in parallel with or replaces the corresponding smart meter's power outage meter reading battery module and is used to provide a clock voltage to the corresponding smart meter. In some embodiments, the controller stores the regulated power in the energy storage batteries via a charging port. The tooling bus is configured to allow energy transfer between energy storage batteries corresponding to different smart meters. The controller dynamically allocates energy transmission paths based on the state of charge of each energy storage battery.

[0033] In this embodiment, the controller includes a power monitoring module and a power regulation module. The power monitoring module is used to collect real-time data on the output power of the power generation equipment and the state of charge of the energy storage battery. Based on the state of charge feedback signal, the power regulation module dynamically adjusts the output power of the power generation equipment through a closed-loop control strategy to match the charge and discharge rate of the energy storage battery with the current power generation power and load demand.

[0034] Compared with the existing electricity meter system, the smart electricity meter system based on multi-energy complementarity in this embodiment has the following beneficial effects: 1. This smart meter system, based on multi-energy complementarity, implements priority energy replenishment for a multi-meter cluster by installing an energy replenishment device, utilizing power generation equipment in conjunction with a controller and plug-in tooling interfaces. This can extend the battery life of power meter reading during power outages from 8-10 years to over 14 years, avoid data storage confusion and loss caused by flash chip undervoltage, and solve the technical problems of existing electricity meter clocks, such as short life and high maintenance costs due to battery degradation.

[0035] 2. This smart meter system, based on multi-energy complementarity, has a controller that converts the unstable power supplied by solar panels into stable 6.6V power. It is a small-capacity controller that integrates energy storage management and inverter. It can monitor the output power of photovoltaic cells and the status of energy storage batteries in real time, and can dynamically adjust charging parameters (such as voltage and current). It uses photoelectric conversion to solve the problem of insufficient battery life. The high conversion efficiency can greatly extend the service life of the battery in the power meter during power outages, thereby extending the service life of the power meter and reducing maintenance costs.

[0036] 3. This multi-energy-based smart meter system features a removable busbar, dual-socket terminals, and a removable energy storage battery, enabling rapid deployment. Standardized interfaces simplify device connectivity and support plug-and-play operation. Furthermore, since the energy storage battery is removable and replaceable, local faults can be repaired without powering down, reducing operational complexity.

[0037] 4. This smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity has an energy storage battery connected in parallel or replaced with the power outage meter reading battery module. The energy storage battery provides a constant clock voltage, avoiding the timing error caused by insufficient power of the traditional power outage meter reading battery, ensuring the accuracy of the smart meter's timestamp, and providing a reliable basis for time-of-use electricity price measurement and fault tracing.

[0038] Example 2 This embodiment provides a smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity. The smart meter system performs selection and testing on solar panels and the like based on the first embodiment.

[0039] Since solar panels are primarily used to collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy, the monocrystalline silicon material they use has a longer service life and higher photoelectric conversion efficiency than thin-film solar panels. According to tests, under natural sunlight conditions in Jiangsu summer (irradiance of approximately 100-200W / ㎡), a 0.25㎡ ordinary monocrystalline silicon solar panel can replenish approximately 0.04-0.22kWh of electricity with 5-8 hours of effective sunlight per day. The calculation process is as follows: 1. Ambient temperature: The average summer temperature in Jiangsu is 28.1°C (data from Nanjing station). The efficiency of monocrystalline silicon cells decreases with increasing temperature (temperature coefficient is about -0.3% / °C).

[0040] 2. Efficiency correction: Assuming the nominal efficiency is 18%, the actual efficiency is: η=18%×(1−0.003×(28.1−25))=17.73% 3. Power output: The relationship between solar panel power, irradiance and efficiency is: P=G×η×A Where G is the irradiance (W / m²) and A is the area (0.25m²).

[0041] Peak power at noon (200W / m²): P = 200 × 0.1773 × 0.25 = 8.865W Average irradiance (150W / m²): P = 150 × 0.1773 × 0.25 = 6.65W 4. Daily power generation: By peak sunshine hours (5 hours): E=1000W / m2×0.1773×0.25×5h=221.6Wh (about 0.22kWh) According to the actual irradiance integral (daily average 150W / m², 6 hours): E = 150W / m2 × 0.1773 × 0.25 × 6h = 40.0Wh (about 0.04kWh) The controller is a small-capacity controller that integrates energy storage management and inverter, used to convert the unstable power supplied by solar panels into stable 6.6V power. It has an input range of 5-24V, an output of 6.6V±1%, and a conversion efficiency of >92%. It can dynamically adjust charging parameters (such as voltage and current) by real-time monitoring of the output power and battery status of photovoltaic cells.

[0042] Each energy storage battery set consists of two 3.3V iron-lithium batteries connected in series with a size of 35×19.5×36mm, which replace the original battery in the battery slot and replace it to realize the power supply function.

[0043] Example 3 This embodiment provides a smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity. This smart meter system is similar to the system in Example 1, differing in its power generation equipment. In this embodiment, the power generation equipment includes at least one wind turbine installed on the facade of the building where the multiple smart meters are located.

[0044] In some embodiments, wind turbines and solar panels can be deployed simultaneously. This allows for complementary wind and solar power to mitigate the impact of fluctuations in a single energy source and ensure all-weather power supply stability. Furthermore, the series-connected and detachable structure of the lithium-iron battery pack, along with its energy-saving function, enhances system fault tolerance and avoids single points of failure.

[0045] The power generation equipment uses a vertical axis magnetic levitation wind turbine (rated power 80W), which has the following features: (1) It is installed at 2 / 3 of the building facade height and adopts Darrieus blades optimized by fluid mechanics (height 1.2m, diameter 0.8m); (2) It is equipped with a vibration suppression system, including piezoelectric ceramic dampers and acceleration feedback control, to ensure that the vibration amplitude is less than 50μm at a wind speed of 12m / s; (3) The wind-solar complementary system adopts a hybrid energy storage strategy: photovoltaic power supply and energy storage are used first during the day, and the wind power dominant mode is switched to at night; (4) The supercapacitor-battery hybrid energy storage unit is innovatively configured, in which the supercapacitor (2.7V / 500F) is responsible for smoothing the power fluctuations at the second level, and the battery handles the energy scheduling at the minute level.

[0046] In this way, in typical application scenarios (average daily sunshine of 4 hours + average wind speed of 3.5m / s), the system availability of a single energy source is greatly improved, and the magnetic levitation bearing greatly reduces the mechanical loss of the wind turbine, greatly increasing the expected service life. The hybrid energy storage architecture also significantly improves the system response time.

[0047] Example 4 This embodiment provides a smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity. This smart meter system adds some structures to Embodiment 1 or 2. Specifically, a graphene heat dissipation layer is integrated on the surface of the energy storage battery housing, and a thermally conductive silicone pad forms a thermal path between the graphene heat dissipation layer and the smart meter housing.

[0048] The energy storage battery housing is constructed from 3mm-thick 6061 aluminum alloy, plasma-sprayed with a 20μm graphene coating (thermal conductivity 5300W / m·K). The thermally conductive silicone pad is made of Bergquist GF3000 material (thermal resistance <0.5°C·in² / W), 0.5mm thick, and has a compression ratio of 15%. A heat pipe module (6mm diameter sintered copper heat pipe) is integrated within the smart meter housing, establishing a three-dimensional heat dissipation path from the energy storage module to the housing. Furthermore, an adaptive temperature control system automatically activates the PWM speed-controlled cooling fan (noise <35dB) when the battery temperature is detected to be >45°C.

[0049] Since the surface of the energy storage battery housing in this embodiment is integrated with a graphene heat dissipation layer and is provided with a thermally conductive silicone pad, the graphene heat dissipation layer can quickly dissipate battery heat, avoiding capacity decay caused by high temperature, and conduct heat to the meter housing through the thermally conductive silicone pad, achieving overall heat dissipation coordination and extending the life of the battery and meter.

[0050] Example 5 This embodiment provides a power collection system comprising a concentrator and multiple collectors. The concentrator and collectors can be existing concentrators and collectors. The power collection system in this embodiment also includes any of the multi-energy complementary smart meter systems described in Embodiments 1-3. The multiple collectors correspond to multiple smart meters, respectively. Each collector collects energy data from a corresponding smart meter and transmits it to the concentrator. The concentrator then uploads the energy data from each smart meter to a data collection backend.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity, characterized in that: It includes: a meter cluster, which includes multiple smart meters; A tooling structure, comprising a tooling bus and a plurality of energy storage batteries corresponding to the plurality of smart meters; A controller, the output end of which is connected to the electric meter cluster via the tooling bus; An energy replenishment device, comprising at least one group of power generation equipment installed in the area where the smart meter is located; the controller is used to convert the unstable electric energy output by the power generation equipment into regulated electric energy and store it in the energy storage battery; each group of energy storage batteries is connected in parallel with the power outage meter reading battery module of the corresponding smart meter or replaces the power outage meter reading battery module, and is used to provide a clock voltage to the corresponding smart meter.

2. The smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of power generation equipment includes at least one solar panel installed on the top of a building structure where a plurality of smart electricity meters are located.

3. The smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity according to claim 2, characterized in that: The solar cell panel is a monocrystalline silicon solar cell panel, and the output end is connected to one end of the tooling bus; the other end of the tooling bus is connected to the energy storage battery through a double-jack terminal.

4. The smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each set of energy storage batteries includes two iron-lithium batteries, which are connected in series and detachably inserted into the corresponding power outage meter reading battery module installation slots.

5. The smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation equipment includes at least one wind turbine installed on the facade of a building structure where a plurality of smart electricity meters are located.

6. The smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller includes: A power monitoring module, which is used to collect the output power data of the power generation equipment and the charge state of the energy storage battery in real time; A power regulation module dynamically adjusts the output power of the power generation equipment through a closed-loop control strategy based on the feedback signal of the charge state, so that the charge and discharge rate of the energy storage battery matches the current power generation power and load demand.

7. The smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smart meter is provided with a charging interface, and the energy storage battery is connected to the charging interface; the controller stores the stabilized electric energy in the energy storage battery through the charging interface.

8. The smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity according to claim 1, characterized in that: A graphene heat dissipation layer is integrated on the surface of the shell of the energy storage battery, and a heat path is formed between the graphene heat dissipation layer and the shell of the smart meter through a heat-conducting silica gel pad.

9. The smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling bus is configured to allow energy storage batteries corresponding to different smart meters to provide power to each other, and the controller dynamically allocates power transmission paths according to the charge state of each energy storage battery.

10. A power collection system comprising a concentrator and a plurality of collectors, characterized in that: The power collection system further includes a smart meter system based on multi-energy complementarity according to any one of claims 1 to 9; Multiple collectors correspond to multiple smart meters respectively; each collector is used to collect electric energy data of the corresponding smart meter and transmit it to the concentrator, and the concentrator uploads the electric energy data of each smart meter to the data collection background.

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