Power transmission line vibration energy taking device based on piezoelectric-friction nanometer power generation effect cooperation

Abstract

The invention relates to a power transmission line vibration energy taking device based on piezoelectric-friction nanometer power generation effect synergy. The device is composed of a TENG module and a PEG module, the TENG module comprises at least two friction nanometer generators in a vertical contact-separation mode, friction material layers of the friction nanometer generators are FEP films and nylon films, and friction electrode layers are copper foil films; the PEG module is composed of a pair of piezoelectric arrays, each piezoelectric array comprises at least one piezoelectric vibrator in a cantilever beam mode, and a piezoelectric material is Sm-doped PMN-PT piezoelectric ceramic. And the two are connected through an elastic material to form an integral energy taking device, the working frequency range is 0.1-150Hz, and the main frequency of aeolian vibration of the power transmission line can be covered. The device can effectively collect the vibration energy of the power transmission line, provides stable electric energy for monitoring equipment, solves the problem that a traditional energy taking mode is greatly influenced by environmental factors, has the advantages of being compact in structure, high in energy conversion efficiency, high in adaptability and the like, can be widely applied to the field of power transmission line monitoring, and provides powerful support for intelligent power grid construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental micro-energy collection and online monitoring of smart grid transmission lines, and in particular to a transmission line vibration energy harvesting device based on the synergy of piezoelectric-triboelectric nano-power generation effect. Background Art

[0002] In the field of online transmission line monitoring, powering monitoring equipment has always been a key challenge. Traditional power supply methods, such as solar-battery and wind power, have numerous shortcomings: solar power is significantly affected by sunlight and the cycle of day and night, resulting in limited battery life; wind power relies on wind conditions, resulting in large energy output fluctuations and instability; and laser power conversion efficiency is low. These methods struggle to meet the stable, high-power requirements of large-scale online transmission line monitoring equipment.

[0003] New energy harvesting methods, such as ground wire energy harvesting and vibration energy harvesting, are gradually becoming research hotspots. Ground wire energy harvesting recovers energy from the ground wire through electrostatic induction and tuning principles. It has the advantages of high output power and good stability, but is greatly affected by line parameters and environmental factors and requires complex tuning devices. Vibration energy harvesting uses the breeze vibration of the transmission line under the influence of natural factors such as wind to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. It has the advantages of a wide range of energy sources and is pollution-free. However, a single vibration energy harvesting method has shortcomings in broadband energy collection and cannot efficiently cover the complex spectrum of transmission line vibration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a transmission line vibration energy harvesting device based on the synergistic piezoelectric-triboelectric nano-power generation effect, combining the high energy collection efficiency of TENG in the low frequency band and the advantages of PEG in the medium and high frequency bands, to achieve wide-band collection of transmission line vibration energy, improve energy collection efficiency and stability, provide an efficient and stable self-powered solution for transmission line monitoring equipment, and promote the construction and development of smart grids.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a transmission line vibration energy harvesting device based on the synergistic piezoelectric-friction nano-power generation effect, including a friction nano-generator module and a piezoelectric energy generator module, the friction nano-generator module includes at least two friction nano-generators TENG, each friction nano-generator adopts a vertical contact-separation mode and has two upper and lower friction layers; the piezoelectric energy generator module is composed of a pair of piezoelectric arrays, each piezoelectric array is composed of at least one piezoelectric vibrator, and the working mode of the piezoelectric vibrator is a cantilever beam mode; the friction nano-generator module and the piezoelectric energy generator module are connected by elastic material to form an integrated energy harvesting device for collecting transmission line vibration energy.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the triboelectric nanogenerator module comprises at least two sets of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) operating in a vertical contact-separation mode. Each set comprises an FEP film layer, a nylon film layer, and copper foil electrodes. The FEP and nylon film layers each measure 100 mm (length) × 70 mm (width) × 0.1 mm (thickness). The copper foil electrodes measure 100 mm (length) × 70 mm (width) × 0.2 mm (thickness), with a 1 mm sponge buffer layer sandwiched between them to ensure uniform contact pressure. The outputs of the two TENGs are connected in parallel after full-bridge rectification to produce a broadband complementary output.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the FEP film layer and the nylon film layer are specifically the friction material layers of the friction nanogenerator, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the copper foil electrode serves as the friction electrode layer of the friction nanogenerator; one side of the friction electrode layer is adhered to the surface of the friction material layer, and the other side of the friction electrode layer is adhered to the acrylic plate through a sponge.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the piezoelectric vibrator is a six-piece cantilever beam, constructed from Sm-doped PMN-PT piezoelectric ceramic. Copper plates are attached to the top and bottom of the piezoelectric vibrator as electrodes. The piezoelectric vibrator measures 4 mm (length) × 2 mm (width) × 2 mm (thickness); the copper plates measure 4 mm (length) × 2 mm (width) × 0.2 mm (thickness).

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the elastic material is polyethylene glycol terephthalate material with a thickness of 2 mm and an elastic modulus of 3.5 GPa. Both ends are fixed to the transmission line and the device casing, converting the vertical vibration of the line into contact and separation of the friction layer inside the device and deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, it further includes a mass block weighing 100 g. The mass block is installed on the top of the energy extraction device, and its weight is adjusted according to the actual operating vibration amplitude of the transmission line.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the output ends of the friction nanogenerator module and the piezoelectric energy generator module are both connected to an external rectifier bridge, and the output ends of the rectifier bridge are connected in parallel to the load to convert AC power into DC power, thereby providing stable power for the transmission line monitoring equipment.

[0012] The output ends of the friction nanogenerator module and the piezoelectric energy generator module are respectively connected to the energy storage circuit after rectification, and broadband energy collaborative collection is achieved through impedance matching; when the vibration frequency is ≤45 Hz, the TENG dominates the output; when the vibration frequency is ≥45 Hz, the PEG dominates the output; the two complement each other and cover the frequency range of 0.1 Hz to 150 Hz, adapting to various vibration forms such as breeze vibration, traveling wave and beat frequency wave of the transmission line.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the energy harvesting device operates in a frequency range of 0.1Hz to 150Hz, covering the primary frequency range of breeze vibrations on power transmission lines and enabling broadband energy harvesting. Through synergistic effects, the device overcomes the low efficiency of a single energy harvesting method in specific frequency bands, improving energy harvesting efficiency and providing stable power support for power transmission line monitoring equipment.

[0014] Furthermore, the device's compact structure makes it easy to install and integrate with monitoring equipment, without adding additional burden to transmission lines. It can adapt to vibration conditions in diverse environmental conditions, exhibiting strong environmental adaptability and reliability, making it widely applicable to various transmission line monitoring scenarios. Furthermore, it provides a self-powered solution for transmission line monitoring equipment, reducing reliance on traditional batteries, lowering maintenance costs and environmental impact, and improving the sustainability and intelligence of monitoring systems.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Broadband Energy Harvesting: This invention integrates TENG and PEG, combining the advantages of TENG in the low-frequency range (0.1 Hz to 45 Hz) and PEG in the medium- and high-frequency range (above 50 Hz), effectively broadening the operating frequency range of the energy harvesting device. This overcomes the limitations of a single energy harvesting method, significantly improving the efficiency of collecting breeze vibration energy from transmission lines, and providing more stable and continuous energy for monitoring equipment along the line.

[0016] 2. Efficient Energy Conversion: The TENG utilizes optimized friction materials (nylon and FEP) and copper foil electrodes, while the PEG utilizes Sm-doped PMN-PT piezoelectric ceramics with a cantilever support structure. Experimental results show that the TENG achieves an open-circuit voltage of 485.33 V and a short-circuit current of 149.28 μA at 3 mm / 20 Hz. The PEG achieves an open-circuit voltage of 18.76 V and a short-circuit current of 393.72 μA at 0.8 mm / 75 Hz, demonstrating high energy conversion efficiency. By utilizing both piezoelectric and TENG energy harvesting, the device converts mechanical vibration into electrical energy at the vibration signal monitoring point. This eliminates the need for frequent replacement of the monitor's lithium battery, saving maintenance and replacement costs while also alleviating the environmental burden of waste batteries.

[0017] 3. Adaptive vibration environment: The device uses a mass block, elastic materials, and a rationally arranged TENG and PEG to adapt to the different vibration modes and frequencies of the transmission line. This ensures stable power output in complex vibration environments and maintains the normal operation of the monitoring system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the device structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a module distribution diagram of the device in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 1 is a material dimension diagram of the device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 1 is a flowchart of the working process of the device in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a working principle diagram of the TENG module in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a working principle diagram of the PEG module of the device in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application; as used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or their combinations.

[0027] See also Figure 1-6 This invention provides a power transmission line vibration energy harvesting device based on the synergistic piezoelectric-triboelectric nano-electricity effect. This device aims to achieve broadband energy harvesting from breeze-induced vibrations on power transmission lines, providing stable and reliable power for online monitoring devices. The following is a detailed implementation of the device.

[0028] The device primarily consists of two triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG1 and TENG2) and a piezoelectric energy generator (PEG). Both TENG1 and TENG2 operate in a vertical contact-separation mode. Specifically, the upper friction layer of TENG1 utilizes FEP film, while the lower friction layer utilizes nylon film. These two materials are spaced far apart in the triboelectric sequence, resulting in a large charge transfer. The accompanying triboelectrode layer utilizes copper foil, one side adhered to the friction material layer and the other to an acrylic plate via a sponge. The sponge cushioning layer provides a cushioning effect, extending the service life of the friction material and ensuring more complete and uniform contact between the friction material layers. The acrylic plate, serving as the base structure supporting the friction layer, offers excellent insulation and mechanical strength. The piezoelectric energy generator PEG comprises a pair of symmetrical piezoelectric arrays, each containing multiple piezoelectric oscillators. The piezoelectric oscillators utilize a copper plate as a fixed substrate, with 2.5Sm-PMN-32PT piezoelectric ceramics (piezoelectric ceramics with a high piezoelectric coefficient and excellent electromechanical coupling) adhered to their upper and lower sides. In addition, a steel mass is placed on top of the device to increase the overall force on the upper acrylic plate. This, in turn, forces the two triboelectrodes of the TENG to come into contact as the device moves downward, enhancing the TENG's energy collection efficiency. The elastic material used for the device's periphery is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which has excellent mechanical elasticity, mechanical properties, and chemical stability, and can withstand high-intensity mechanical vibrations. The vibration of the power transmission line drives the entire collaborative energy harvesting device up and down, allowing the TENG and PEG to begin collecting energy.

[0029] When the transmission line vibrates, the elastic material drives the entire collaborative energy harvesting device up and down with the vibration of the transmission line. During the upward vibration of the transmission line, the device's housing is subjected to an upward force, causing the lower support plate to move upward and the surrounding elastic material to expand and contract inward. At this time, the lower support plate's upward velocity is greater than the upper support plate's. This causes the two friction material layers of the TENG to rub against each other and generate energy. As the transmission line continues to vibrate, the TENG's friction material layers continuously transfer charge during the contact and separation process, generating an alternating current through the external circuit, thereby converting the transmission line's vibration energy into electricity. When the transmission line vibrates downward, the housing is subjected to a downward force, causing the lower support plate to move downward and the surrounding elastic material to expand outward. At this time, the lower support plate's downward velocity is greater than the upper support plate's, causing the two friction material layers of the TENG to separate. Through this continuous contact and separation, the TENG continuously converts the transmission line's vibration energy into electricity, providing a stable power supply for the monitoring device. During high-frequency vibration of the transmission line, one end of the PEG is fixed by the cantilever beam, while the other end vibrates with the up-and-down vibration of the transmission line. The piezoelectric patch is attached to the cantilever beam substrate and moves with the vibration of the transmission line, generating energy. Multiple piezoelectric patches are connected in parallel to combine and output the generated energy, improving the PEG's energy collection efficiency. The PEG's high energy output efficiency in the mid- and high-frequency bands effectively complements the TENG's limited high-frequency energy collection capabilities, enabling broadband energy collection.

[0030] This device achieves broadband energy harvesting from transmission line vibrations through the synergistic effect of a TENG and a PEG. The TENG exhibits excellent energy harvesting performance at low frequencies, effectively collecting energy from low-frequency transmission line vibrations. The PEG, on the other hand, exhibits high energy output efficiency in medium and high-frequency ranges, fully utilizing energy from high-frequency transmission line vibrations. The synergistic effect of the two effectively broadens the device's operating frequency range, enabling it to adapt to the varying frequencies of breeze vibrations on transmission lines. This addresses the limitations of single energy harvesting methods in broadband energy harvesting and significantly improves the efficiency of energy harvesting from transmission line vibrations. The device provides stable power to online monitoring devices for transmission lines, ensuring their reliable operation and thus enhancing the state monitoring and sustainability of the transmission system. In practical applications, the device can be conveniently installed at appropriate locations on transmission lines. By harvesting transmission line vibration energy, it provides long-term, stable power support for various online monitoring equipment, reducing reliance on external power sources, lowering maintenance costs, and improving the intelligence and operational safety of transmission lines.

[0031] This patent is not limited to the above-mentioned best implementation mode. Anyone can derive other forms of vibration monitoring devices based on the inspiration of this patent. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of this invention should be covered by this patent.

Claims

1. A transmission line vibration energy harvesting device based on the synergistic piezoelectric-triboelectric nano-power generation effect, characterized in that: The invention comprises a triboelectric nanogenerator module and a piezoelectric energy generator module. The triboelectric nanogenerator module comprises at least two triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), each of which adopts a vertical contact-separation mode and has two upper and lower friction layers. The piezoelectric energy generator module is composed of a pair of piezoelectric arrays, each of which is composed of at least one piezoelectric vibrator, and the working mode of the piezoelectric vibrator is a cantilever beam mode. The friction nanogenerator module and the piezoelectric energy generator module are connected by elastic material to form an integrated energy collection device for collecting transmission line vibration energy.

2. The power transmission line vibration energy harvesting device based on the synergistic piezoelectric-triboelectric nano-electricity generation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction nanogenerator module includes at least two groups of friction nanogenerators (TENGs) in a vertical contact-separation mode, and each group of friction nanogenerators (TENGs) includes an FEP film layer, a nylon film layer, and a copper foil electrode.

3. The power transmission line vibration energy harvesting device based on the synergistic piezoelectric-triboelectric nano-electricity generation effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: The FEP film layer and the nylon film layer are specifically the friction material layers of the friction nanogenerator, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the copper foil electrode serves as the friction electrode layer of the friction nanogenerator; one side of the friction electrode layer is adhered to the surface of the friction material layer, and the other side of the friction electrode layer is adhered to the acrylic plate through a sponge.

4. The power transmission line vibration energy harvesting device based on the synergistic piezoelectric-triboelectric nano-electricity generation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric material of the piezoelectric vibrator is Sm-doped PMN-PT piezoelectric ceramics, and a copper plate is adhered to the upper and lower sides of the piezoelectric vibrator as electrodes.

5. The power transmission line vibration energy harvesting device based on the synergistic piezoelectric-triboelectric nano-power generation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic material is polyethylene terephthalate material.

6. The power transmission line vibration energy harvesting device based on the synergistic piezoelectric-triboelectric nano-electricity generation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a mass block, which is installed on the top of the energy extraction device, and its weight is adjusted according to the actual operating vibration amplitude of the transmission line.

7. The power transmission line vibration energy harvesting device based on the synergistic piezoelectric-triboelectric nano-electricity generation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output ends of the friction nanogenerator module and the piezoelectric energy generator module are both connected to an external rectifier bridge. The output ends of the rectifier bridge are connected in parallel and connected to the load to convert alternating current into direct current, providing stable power for the transmission line monitoring equipment.

8. The power transmission line vibration energy harvesting device based on the synergistic piezoelectric-triboelectric nano-electricity generation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating frequency range of the energy harvesting device is 0.1Hz~150Hz, covering the main frequency range of breeze vibration of the transmission line, and realizing broadband energy collection.

Images