Multi-service multiplexing type multi-wavelength optical fiber router

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-service multiplexing type multi-wavelength optical fiber router, and the router comprises a multi-wavelength multi-channel adaption module which has a single-fiber three-wave access adaption function and a double-fiber three-wave access adaption function; the one-way service photoelectric conversion module is composed of a one-way ROSA and a receiving circuit and is used for realizing receiving of broadcast stream one-way optical signals and conversion from light to electricity; the one-way service protocol conversion unit is used for realizing photoelectric conversion receiving, caching, protocol conversion and forwarding of the broadcast service; the bidirectional service photoelectric conversion transceiver module is used for driving a transmitting laser and buffering and amplifying a received signal; the system comprises a wireless communication module, a WAN interface module, a routing unit, a WiFI module and an LAN interface module. According to the scheme, the problems that when a communication service, a broadband internet service and a cable television service enter a home at the same time, the cable television service cannot be accessed to a home router, so that two local area networks exist in the home of a user, operation is not easy and convenient, and the home-entry cost is high are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of multiplexing communication technology, and in particular relates to a multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router. Background Art

[0002] Currently, with the convergence of communications, broadband internet, and broadcasting networks, and the vigorous promotion of fiber-to-the-home (FTTH), broadcasting networks are primarily adopting a FTTH model using digital video broadcasting (DVB) + PON (Passive Optical Network), IP broadcast + PON, or IPTV (Internet Protocol TV) to provide users with communications, broadband internet, and broadcasting services. FTTH solutions using IPTV for broadcasting networks forgo the independent transmission channels for broadcasting and television services, which inevitably fails to meet the high-quality transmission requirements. However, DVB + PON and IP broadcast + PON solutions retain independent broadcast channels, ensuring secure broadcasting while delivering broadcast-grade quality for high-definition and ultra-high-definition 4K / 8K services. However, DVB+PON and IP broadcasting+PON technical solutions also have certain problems. In particular, in the DVB+PON solution, the TS stream passes through the existing cable TV frequency using QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) modulation technology. The transmission bit rate of each frequency is 38M, and the combined transmission rate of all effective frequencies is less than 3 GE. If a 4K program with a 36M bit rate is to be transmitted, a single frequency can only transmit one 4K program. If an 8K program with a 120M bit rate is to be transmitted, at least three frequencies must be bound to transmit the 8K program. Therefore, although fiber-to-the-home has been achieved, due to the limitation of QAM frequency, it cannot meet the demand for transmitting more ultra-high-definition 4K / 8K services.

[0003] Furthermore, in the DVB+PON solution, in addition to the above-mentioned frequency problem, there are also compatibility issues and high home access costs. Figure 1 The figure shows the principle diagram of the DVB+PON access network. Figure 1 It mainly consists of DVB broadcast optical signal amplifier 0101, PON network central office equipment 0110, single fiber home user 0114, dual fiber home user 0115 and ODN (Optical Distribution Network) between the central office and the user. Figure 1In the network, DVB broadcast is modulated onto a 1550nm optical wavelength for transmission, and enters the home together with the 1490nm downstream and 1310nm upstream wavelengths of the PON network. Therefore, there are two modes of home access: single-fiber three-wavelength and dual-fiber three-wavelength.

[0004] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that in the single-fiber three-wavelength home mode, the 1550nm wavelength optical signal carrying DVB broadcast and the 1490 / 1310nm wavelength optical signal of the PON network carrying data services are combined in the combiner 0105 and then connected to the single-fiber home user 0114 through the home optical fiber 0108 carrying the three wavelengths of 1550nm / 1490nm / 1310nm. After being split by the demultiplexer, the broadcast signal carrying the 1550nm wavelength is connected to the DVB set-top box and then to the TV to enable listening to and watching radio and television programs. The 1490 / 1310nm wavelength optical signal carrying data services is connected to the PON network home gateway and then to mobile phones, computers and other application terminals through the home router to achieve access to data services.

[0005] In the DF3W mode, the 1550nm broadcast signal and the 1490 / 1310nm PON optical signal carrying data services are not combined. The 1550nm broadcast signal enters the home via drop fiber 0109, while the 1490 / 1310nm PON optical signal carrying data services enters the home via drop fiber 0113. Once in the home, the indoor network for DF3W users is the same as for single-fiber DF3W users. The 1550nm broadcast signal is connected to the DVB set-top box 0117 and then to the television for viewing broadcast programs. The 1490 / 1310nm data signal is connected to the PON network's home gateway (the ONU) and then to mobile phones, computers, and other application terminals through the home router for data service access.

[0006] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, there is a bidirectional access network cable 0118 between the DVB set-top box 0117 and the gateway ONU 0119, which enables the television to watch on-demand services in addition to watching broadcast services.

[0007] The aforementioned network fully achieves the fiber-optic and bidirectional nature of the broadcast and television network, and can provide users with triple-network convergence services. However, in addition to the aforementioned frequency limitation, it also faces the following three issues:

[0008] 1) After DVB broadcasts are introduced into homes, they can only be viewed on TVs via DVB set-top boxes and cannot be accessed through routers to other terminals. This creates two completely incompatible networks within the home, essentially creating independent access solutions for the PON network and the broadcast network, which lacks compatibility with a variety of terminals in the home.

[0009] 2) DVB+PON access network: Because the bidirectional service channel uses PON network technology, the PON network must be equipped with a home gateway ONU. However, multiple ONUs share the access bandwidth of a PON port through a 1:N optical splitter 0103, resulting in insufficient home bandwidth.

[0010] 3) Two networks enter the home independently. Operators equip users with home gateway ONU and DVB set-top boxes, which increases the cost of home access.

[0011] Further, such as Figure 2 The figure shows the principle diagram of IP broadcast + PON technology access network. Figure 2 and Figure 1 In comparison, the broadcast service is no longer a DVB standard QAM signal transmitted in the QAM modulation mode of the TS stream, but an IP broadcast stream that is encapsulated in a UDP data frame according to the UDP protocol standard of the TCP / IP protocol and transmitted at a rate of 10G / 25G. At the same time, the access end no longer uses a DVB set-top box to receive the broadcast stream, but uses an IP broadcast + PON gateway formed by an IP broadcast stream receiving chip (ASIC) and an ONU gateway switching module to receive the IP broadcast stream. Figure 2 In the network, whether it is a single-fiber three-wavelength home user 0114 or a dual-fiber three-wavelength home user 0115, the user's home is equipped with a composite gateway 0207 and 0208 of an ONU module + an IP broadcast receiving module. The IP broadcast stream and data service are received through the composite gateway 0207 and 0208 of the ONU module + IP broadcast receiving module, and the TV is connected to the IP set-top box 0209 to watch TV programs. The user can also watch TV programs and access data services through user terminals such as mobile phones and computers.

[0012] Further, Figure 2 The 10G / 25G rate is used to transmit IP broadcast streams, which is 4 to 8 times that of DVB broadcasting, thus solving the problem of limited transmission rate in DVB broadcasting technology. At the same time, terminal reception is through the IP broadcast or multicast to unicast reception mechanism, which can solve the problem of insufficient compatibility of DVB technology with two networks and multiple terminals in the home after it is introduced. However, Figure 2The system shown is a transmission solution that superimposes a broadcast channel on a PON network. Because the bidirectional service channel uses PON network technology, there is a problem of high home access costs due to the requirement for home gateway ONUs in the PON network. Multiple ONUs share the access bandwidth of a single PON port through a 1:N optical splitter, resulting in insufficient home access bandwidth.

[0013] If the tree-structured PON network is replaced with a comb-structured network based on Ethernet technology in the above-mentioned IP broadcast + PON technical solution, the problems of low home bandwidth and high home access costs in the PON network can be solved. At the same time, it can also solve the problem of repeated investment caused by the continuous upgrading of the PON network due to the low home access bandwidth.

[0014] like Figure 3 The diagram shows a comparison between a tree-structured PON network and a comb-structured (star-structured) network based on Ethernet technology. Figure 3 Figure a in the figure is a schematic diagram of a tree-structured PON network. The PON network primarily consists of the central office equipment (OLT) 0110, shared optical fiber 0111, a 1:N optical splitter 0112, a drop optical fiber 0113, and a drop gateway ONU 0119. As can be seen from the tree-structured PON network block diagram, N users connected to the 1:N optical splitter share the access bandwidth of a single PON port. Taking a GPON network as an example, when the downstream bandwidth of each OLT PON port is 2.5G and N=32, the average bandwidth allocated to each user is 2500Mbps / 32=78Mbps. A concurrency rate of 30% allows for a maximum concurrent bandwidth of 250Mbps. Furthermore, PON technology uses a broadcast transmission method for downstream data and a time-division multiplexing mode for upstream data transmission. Therefore, user-side PONs must be equipped with a carrier-owned drop gateway ONU to access the CPN network, resulting in high access costs.

[0015] exist Figure 3 Figure b is a star-shaped network based on Ethernet technology, consisting of a central office device 0301 and a second independent optical fiber 0302 for each user. Since each user has a dedicated user interface on the central office device, when the user interface rate is 1000M, each user can enjoy exclusive access to 1000M bandwidth. At the same time, since each user has a dedicated user interface on the central office device, the user's home does not need to be equipped with a home gateway owned by the operator. The user only needs to be equipped with an optical-to-electrical converter 0303 to connect to the user's electrical port Wi-Fi router, or directly equipped with an optical fiber Wi-Fi router 0304 to achieve access to multiple user terminals. Compared with the two, Figure 3 The access network shown in b has the advantages of high access bandwidth and low home access cost.

[0016] However, in Figure 3There are also some problems in the access network shown in b: the access network for superimposing IP broadcast to form a converged broadcast service has not been solved. Figure 4 The diagram shows a star-shaped access network based on Ethernet technology that carries communication services and broadband Internet services, a cable TV network that carries IP broadcasting services, and a schematic diagram of single-fiber-to-home and dual-fiber-to-home models. Figure 4 The commonality between diagrams a and b is that both have a single-fiber home entry 0114 and a dual-fiber home entry 0115. Single-fiber home entry 0114's single-core fiber 0401 carries 1550nm broadcast signals and 1490 / 1310nm data signals for both upstream and downstream wavelengths, resulting in a single-fiber, three-wavelength optical signal combined via combiner 0105. Dual-fiber home entry 0115 uses fiber 0202, which carries 1550nm broadcast signals, and a second, independent fiber 0302, which carries 1490 / 1310nm data signals for both upstream and downstream wavelengths.

[0017] Figure 4 The difference between a and b is that a is equipped with a single-fiber three-wavelength optical-electrical conversion transceiver 0402 and a dual-fiber three-wavelength optical-electrical conversion transceiver 0403, which can only realize the optical-electrical conversion function of single and bidirectional services. In other words, there is no broadcast service protocol conversion functional unit in the single-fiber three-wavelength optical-electrical conversion transceiver 0402 and the dual-fiber three-wavelength optical-electrical conversion transceiver 0403. As a result, the IP broadcast service cannot be connected to the home router 0120 and can only be connected to the TV through the IP set-top box 0404 equipped with IP broadcast filtering function. The communication service and broadband Internet service are connected to the home router 0120 for access by data service terminals such as mobile phones and computers, resulting in the existence of two incompatible local area networks in the home. This will inevitably result in mobile phones, computers and other terminals being unable to watch cable TV services. The TV set connected to the IP set-top box 0404 cannot watch Internet content. In addition, the remote controls of the TV set and the IP set-top box 0404 are incompatible. Watching cable TV programs requires two remote controls, which is extremely inconvenient. If the TV is connected to the home router 0120, it can only watch Internet TV and cannot watch cable TV services.

[0018] and Figure 4 In b, the single-fiber home user 0114 and the dual-fiber home user 0115 are equipped with a single-fiber three-wavelength optical transceiver 0405 and a dual-fiber three-wavelength optical transceiver 0406 with a broadcast service optoelectronic conversion + protocol conversion forwarding unit and a multi-service multiplexing unit, respectively. After protocol conversion, the broadcast service, communication service and broadband Internet service are connected to the home router 0120 together, realizing the integrated access of multiple terminals in the user's home. Figure 4In a case study, a household in a certain situation has two incompatible local area networks (LANs), resulting in inconvenient operation. When telecommunications, broadband internet, and cable TV services are simultaneously available, the cable TV service cannot connect to the home router, resulting in two LANs in the user's home, inconvenient operation, and high installation costs. Currently, no effective solution has been proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0019] The purpose of this application is to provide a multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router. Specifically, it provides a multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router applied to the user end of a multi-service multiplexing exclusive fiber optic access network based on Ethernet technology, which can achieve the technical effect of improving compatibility and reducing home access costs.

[0020] This application provides a multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router that is implemented as follows:

[0021] A multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router, comprising: an optoelectronic conversion protocol conversion functional unit and a routing functional unit, wherein the optoelectronic conversion protocol conversion functional unit comprises: a multi-wavelength multi-channel adaptation module, a unidirectional service optoelectronic conversion module, a unidirectional service protocol conversion unit, and a bidirectional service optoelectronic conversion transceiver module; the routing functional unit comprises: a WAN interface module, a routing unit, a Wi-Fi module, and a LAN interface module, wherein:

[0022] The multi-wavelength multi-channel adaptation module has single-fiber three-wavelength access adaptation function and dual-fiber three-wavelength access adaptation function;

[0023] The unidirectional service optical-to-electrical conversion module is composed of a unidirectional ROSA and a receiving circuit, and is used to realize the reception of unidirectional optical signals of the broadcast stream and the conversion of optical to electrical;

[0024] The unidirectional service protocol conversion unit is used to implement photoelectric conversion reception, caching, protocol conversion and forwarding of broadcast services;

[0025] The bidirectional business photoelectric conversion transceiver module is used to realize the driving of the transmitting laser and the buffer amplification of the receiving signal;

[0026] The WAN interface module includes: a first optical fiber WAN interface for accessing communication services and broadband services, and a second optical fiber WAN interface for accessing cable television services;

[0027] The routing unit is used to realize the reception, routing and forwarding of unidirectional service data frames and bidirectional service data frames;

[0028] The WiFI module is used to connect communication services, broadband services and cable TV services to user terminals through the WiFI interface;

[0029] The LAN interface module is used to connect communication services, broadband services, and cable TV services to user terminals through the LAN interface.

[0030] In one embodiment, in a single-fiber three-wavelength-to-home scenario, the multi-wavelength multi-channel adaptation module includes: an optical fiber adapter seat and a wavelength splitter, which is used to combine the 1550nm wavelength optical signal carrying the broadcast service signal and the 1490nm / 1310nm wavelength optical signal carrying the data service signal to form a three-wavelength optical signal, which is connected to the optical fiber adapter seat through the home optical fiber and the LC adapter head, and connected to the wavelength splitter for wavelength division, wherein the 1550nm wavelength signal is connected to the unidirectional service optoelectronic conversion module, and the 1490nm / 1310nm wavelength optical signal is connected to the bidirectional service optoelectronic conversion transceiver module.

[0031] In one embodiment, in a dual-fiber three-wavelength home-entry scenario, the multi-wavelength multi-channel adapter module includes: a unidirectional service optical fiber adapter seat and a bidirectional service adapter seat, wherein the unidirectional service optical fiber adapter seat is used to access a 1550nm wavelength optical signal carrying a broadcast service signal through a first LC adapter head, and the bidirectional service adapter seat is used to access a 1490nm / 1310nm wavelength optical signal carrying a data service signal through a second LC adapter head, wherein the 1550nm wavelength signal is connected to the unidirectional service optoelectronic conversion module, and the 1490nm / 1310nm wavelength optical signal is connected to the bidirectional service optoelectronic conversion transceiver module.

[0032] In one embodiment, the bidirectional service optoelectronic conversion transceiver module is used to connect the differential electrical signal of the data bit stream to be forwarded to the laser driving circuit to realize the driving of the electro-optical conversion device LD. After the forwarded data bit stream differential electrical signal is modulated to a 1310nm optical carrier by the electro-optical conversion device LD, it is connected to the access optical fiber through a combiner / demultiplexer to realize electro-optical conversion and forwarding of the data stream.

[0033] In one embodiment, the bidirectional service optoelectronic conversion transceiver module carries a 1490nm wavelength optical carrier of the received data stream in the receiving direction, which is connected to the photosensitive device PD after passing through a combiner / demultiplexer. The photosensitive device PD converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal and then connects it to the input end of the transimpedance amplifier TIA. After amplification and shaping by a limiting amplifier, the differential signal of the bit stream is obtained by receiving to realize the optoelectronic conversion and reception of the received optical signal.

[0034] In one embodiment, the unidirectional service protocol conversion and forwarding unit includes: an IP broadcast and multicast stream network interface module, a filtering and forwarding module, a primary cache management module, a protocol conversion, encapsulation and forwarding module, and a unicast data frame output network interface module, wherein:

[0035] The IP broadcast and multicast stream interface module includes: a PMA sublayer, a PCS sublayer, an MII interface, a MAC control layer, and an input buffer, and is used to shape the differential electrical signals of the connected IP broadcast or multicast stream, extract the synchronization clock, perform serial-to-parallel conversion, descramble, and perform 64B / 66B decoding. After removing block synchronization and restoring complete data frames, the signals are written to the input buffer through the MAC control layer for reading by the filtering and forwarding module.

[0036] The filtering and forwarding module is used to read the target program stream data frame from the input buffer according to the user request filtering condition, and after stripping the header and tail of the read target program stream data frame, store its payload into the main buffer;

[0037] The main buffer management module is used to cache the Ethernet frame payload written by the filtering and forwarding module in a partition-by-partition and time-based manner according to the ring buffer mechanism, so as to be read by the protocol conversion encapsulation and forwarding module;

[0038] The protocol conversion encapsulation and forwarding module is used to read the UDP multicast IP packet of the target program stream from the main cache according to the user request, encapsulate it into a unicast IP packet according to the port binding mechanism, and then write it into the output cache so that the output interface layer can read and forward it;

[0039] The unicast data frame output network interface module includes a MAC control layer, wherein the MAC control layer is used to add an Ethernet header and a tail to the unicast IP packet read from the output buffer, encapsulate it into a unicast data frame, and then forward it to the routing unit.

[0040] In one embodiment, the unidirectional service protocol conversion and forwarding unit further includes: a user request network interface module, a user request authority management and port mapping management module, and a main control module, wherein:

[0041] The user request network interface module is used to perform serial-to-parallel conversion and descrambling decoding on the data frame requested by the user after receiving the data frame requested by the user, and write it into the input buffer through its own MAC control layer for reading and processing;

[0042] The user request authority management and port mapping management module is used to confirm user authority, parse the binding conditions between user requests and multicast stream ports, and provide the filtering and unicast stream encapsulation mapping relationship of the user request destination multicast stream to the main control module after forming the mapping relationship so that the main control module can uniformly control the filtering and forwarding module and the protocol conversion and forwarding module;

[0043] The main control module is used to implement unit configuration management, user authority management, port mapping management, filtering and encapsulation management, and data forwarding to ensure that the unidirectional service protocol conversion and forwarding unit completes the protocol conversion, encapsulation and forwarding of the destination multicast stream in accordance with the live service system port binding and user authority.

[0044] In one embodiment, the routing unit includes: a broadcast network interface module, a data service network interface, a main control module, a switching matrix, a wireless access function module, and a user network interface module, wherein:

[0045] The broadcast network interface module is connected to the unidirectional service protocol conversion unit and is used to realize the communication between the user terminal and the unidirectional service protocol conversion unit and the reception of the destination unicast stream;

[0046] The data service network interface is connected to the bidirectional service photoelectric conversion transceiver module to realize the communication between the user terminal and the management platform, as well as the transmission and reception of communication services and broadband Internet services;

[0047] The wireless access function module and user network interface module are used to provide users with wireless access functions and LAN access interfaces, realize access of user terminal devices, and provide reception and routing forwarding of signaling services, communication services, broadband services, and unicast stream cable TV services;

[0048] The main control module and switching matrix are used to implement VLAN management, MAC control layer management and data forwarding functions. When a user requests a unicast service, the request signaling is forwarded to the protocol conversion module to complete the forwarding of user authority management information between the protocol conversion module and the platform, as well as the reception and forwarding of user unicast streams. When a user requests a bidirectional service, the user request signaling is forwarded to the bidirectional service interface module to implement the reception and forwarding of user-side communication services and broadband Internet services, thereby realizing multi-service multiplexing, cross-connection and forwarding functions.

[0049] In one embodiment, the wireless access function module includes: a radio frequency front-end module, a baseband processing module, and an antenna, which are used to transmit and receive WiFi signals and provide a bridge between wireless devices and wired networks, wherein:

[0050] The RF front end includes: a power amplifier, a low-noise amplifier, and a filter, wherein the power amplifier is used to enhance the transmission power of the wireless signal, the low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the weak received signal to reduce noise interference, and the filter is used to filter out-of-band interference signals;

[0051] The baseband processing module is used to convert digital signals into wireless signals, or demodulate received wireless signals into digital signals;

[0052] The antenna is an antenna structure using MIMO technology, and spatial multiplexing is achieved through multiple antennas.

[0053] In one embodiment, the core network side of the multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router provides a multi-wavelength multi-channel fiber optic interface for realizing fiber optic access for communication services, broadband services, and cable TV services. While having the function of photoelectric conversion of communication services, broadband services, and cable TV service signals, it converts the cable TV service into a unicast protocol compatible with multiple home terminals, and then accesses the service to the home CPN network together with the communication service and broadband Internet service.

[0054] The multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router provided by this application is different from existing home routers. It can not only realize the fiber optic access and routing forwarding of data services, broadband Internet, and communication service signals, but also for radio and television multicast streams or broadcast streams, it can convert the multicast or broadcast stream into a unicast stream and then access it to the user's CPN network, realizing the converged access of the IP broadcast network superimposed on the Ethernet technology data service network, thereby solving the technical problem that when the communication service, broadband Internet service and cable TV service in the DVB+PON network are simultaneously introduced into the home, the cable TV service cannot be accessed to the home router, resulting in two local area networks in the user's home, inconvenient operation and high access cost, and achieves the technical effect of improving compatibility and reducing access cost. Through the above method, there are no longer two local area networks of cable TV network and broadband network in the user's home. While meeting the multi-service access, it guarantees the high-bitrate access of high-definition and ultra-high-definition 4K / 8K program broadcast-level standards on the cable TV network. At the same time, under the premise of support from the cable TV network front-end platform, the user-side smart TV can directly access the wireless access terminal or LAN interface of the multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router proposed in this disclosure without the need for a set-top box, thereby solving the problem of inconvenient operation caused by the need for two remote controls for the TV and the set-top box. Since the user's home does not need to be equipped with an operator's home gateway and a cable TV set-top box, the network operator's home access cost and maintenance cost are greatly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of PON technology access network + DVB broadcast network;

[0057] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the principle of PON technology access network + IP broadcast network;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a comparison diagram of the tree-structured access network and the star-structured access network of Ethernet technology;

[0059] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the star-structure access network + IP broadcast network model based on Ethernet technology;

[0060] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a multi-service multiplexing single-fiber triple-wavelength optical fiber router according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a multi-service multiplexing dual-fiber triple-wavelength optical fiber router according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a unidirectional service photoelectric conversion module for an optical fiber router according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of a bidirectional optical-to-electrical conversion transceiver module for an optical fiber router according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a unidirectional service protocol conversion and forwarding unit of an optical fiber router according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the routing and Wi-Fi unit principles of a unidirectional and bidirectional service optical fiber router according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of an application of a multi-wavelength optical fiber router at the user end of an Ethernet technology star-structured access network + IP broadcast access network according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Reference numerals in the above drawings:

[0069] 0101, DVB broadcast optical signal amplifier; 0103, 1:N optical splitter; 0105, combiner; 0107, 1:N optical splitter; 0108, three-wavelength home fiber; 0109, home fiber; 0110, PON network central office equipment; 0111, shared fiber; 0112, 1:N optical splitter; 0113, home fiber; 0114, single-fiber home user; 0115, dual-fiber home user; 0116, wavelength splitter; 0117, DVB set-top box; 0118, bidirectional access network cable; 0119, home gateway ONU; 0120, home router; 0201, access network central office IP broadcast stream transmitter; 0202, first independent optical fiber; 0206, third independent optical fiber; 0207, composite gateway; 0208, composite gateway; 0209, IP set-top box; 0301, Ethernet central office equipment; 0302, second independent optical fiber; 0303, photoelectric converter; 0304, fiber optic WiFi router; 0401, single-core home fiber; 0402, single-fiber three-wavelength photoelectric conversion transceiver; 0403, dual-fiber three-wavelength photoelectric conversion transceiver; 0404, IP set-top box; 0405, single-fiber three-wavelength photoelectric conversion transceiver; 0406, dual-fiber three-wavelength photoelectric conversion transceiver; 0501, home fiber; 0502, photoelectric conversion protocol conversion functional unit ;0503, multi-wavelength / multi-channel fiber optic adapter module;0504, access fiber;0505, optical interface;0506, one-way service photoelectric conversion module;0507, input interface;0508, one-way service protocol conversion and forwarding unit;0509, two-way service photoelectric conversion transceiver module;0501, interface;0510T, unicast stream output interface;0510R, user request interface;0511, interface;0511T, input interface;0511R, output interface;0512, routing function unit;0513, unicast service interface;0514, data service interface;0515, WAN interface module;0516, route Consists of: unit 0517, Wi-Fi module; 0518, LAN interface module; 5019, user-side wireless interface; 0520, network adapter module; 0601, multi-wavelength / multi-channel fiber adapter module; 0602, LC adapter head; 0603, fiber adapter seat; 0604, interface; 0605, combiner / demultiplexer; 0701, multi-wavelength / multi-channel fiber adapter module; 0801, optical receiving assembly (ROSA); 0802, limiting amplifier; 0803, optical signal detection interface; 0901, transceiver photoelectric conversion circuit; 0902, intermediate processing circuit; 0904, optical signal detection interface; 1001, management interface; 1002, power interface; 1003, input network interface module; 1004, filtering and forwarding module; 1005, primary cache management module; 1006, protocol conversion, encapsulation and forwarding module; 1007, unicast output network interface module; 1008, user request network interface module;1009, User Request, Permission Management, and Port Mapping Management Module; 1010, Main Control Module; 1011, Main Storage Module; 1012, Clock Management Module; 1013, Configuration Management Module; 1014, Power Module; 1101, Broadcast Network Interface Module; 1102, Data Network Interface Module; 1103, Main Control Module; 1104, Clock Module; 1105, Storage Module; 1106, Security Module; 1107, Wireless Module; 1108, User Network Interface Module; 1109, Power Module; 1110, Switching Matrix; 1111, Management Module; 1112, User-Side Wireless Interface; 1113, 4x1G (SERDES) Interface; 1201, Multi-Service Multiplexing Multi-Wavelength Fiber Router in Single-Fiber Triple-Wavelength Scenario; 1202, Multi-Service Multiplexing Multi-Wavelength Fiber Router in Dual-Fiber Triple-Wavelength Scenario. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0071] In this example, a multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router is provided. The service side of the router provides a channel adaptation module for independent channel access to broadband Internet services, communication services and cable TV services. The user side provides home Wi-Fi access function and multiple gigabit-rate LAN interfaces. Without the need for optical-electrical conversion and transceiver devices, it can achieve seamless connection between the optical fiber network based on Ethernet technology star access network + IP broadcast and the user CPN network. It can realize optical-to-electrical and electrical-to-optical conversion of upstream and downstream signals of data services, and can also realize protocol conversion of multicast or broadcast protocol IP broadcast streams transmitted in cable TV networks, realizing communication services, broadband Internet services and cable TV services, and accessing Wi-Fi access functions and multiple gigabit-rate LAN interfaces without circuit breakers through multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic access. It can access multiple terminals such as user TVs, computers, mobile phones, etc., thereby solving the problem of cable TV's one-way IP broadcast stream being unable to access home routers and insufficient compatibility in home networks. There are no longer two independent and incompatible local area networks in the user's home, so as to realize the three-network integration of communication services, broadband Internet services and cable TV services. In the user's home, the communication network and the cable TV network are integrated into one network. Users can obtain Internet services, communication services and cable TV broadcast services on multiple terminals and TVs, realizing the IPization, bidirectionality and fiberization of cable TV networks. At the same time, combined with the large bandwidth access capability of the Ethernet technology access network and the 10G / 25G access bandwidth of the broadcast network, it provides users with high-definition, ultra-high-definition 4K / 8K, AR / VR video services and communication services, broadband Internet services and multiple business services.

[0072] In this example, a multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber router is provided, which may include: a multi-wavelength / multi-channel fiber adapter module, a unidirectional service photoelectric conversion module, a unidirectional service protocol conversion and forwarding unit, a bidirectional service photoelectric conversion and transceiver module, a routing unit, a WiFi module, a WAN interface and a LAN interface module, a network adapter module, and a user interface.

[0073] 1) Multi-wavelength / multi-channel optical fiber adapter module, which is used to provide single-fiber triple-wavelength or dual-fiber triple-wavelength access interfaces according to single-fiber-to-home or dual-fiber-to-home scenarios to meet the adaptation requirements of access networks in different scenarios.

[0074] 2) The unidirectional service optical-electrical conversion module provides a 10G / 25G single-wavelength unidirectional service optical fiber access interface and consists of an optical-electrical conversion device and a signal amplification circuit to perform optical-electrical conversion and reception of the 10G / 25G single-wavelength unidirectional service optical signal.

[0075] 3) The bidirectional business optoelectronic conversion transceiver module consists of an access optical fiber, a transceiver optoelectronic conversion circuit, a laser driver circuit, a receiving amplifier circuit, and a monitoring circuit. The differential electrical signal of the data bit stream to be forwarded is connected to the laser driver circuit through the transmitting interface, which drives the electro-optical conversion device LD. The forwarded data stream is modulated to a 1310nm optical carrier by the laser LD and then connected to the access optical fiber through a combiner / demultiplexer, achieving electro-optical conversion and data stream forwarding. In the receiving direction, the 1490nm wavelength optical carrier carrying the received data stream is connected to the photosensitive device PD after passing through the combiner / demultiplexer. The photosensitive diode PD converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal and connects it to the input of the transimpedance amplifier TIA. After amplification and shaping by the limiting amplifier, the differential signal of the bit stream is received, achieving optoelectronic conversion and reception of the received optical signal.

[0076] 4) One-way service protocol conversion and forwarding unit, which may include: IP broadcast / multicast stream network interface module, filtering and forwarding module, main cache management module, protocol conversion, encapsulation and forwarding module, unicast data frame output network interface module, user request network interface module, user request permission management and port mapping management module, main control module, main storage module, clock management module, power supply module, among which:

[0077] 4-1) The IP broadcast / multicast stream interface module can be composed of the PMA (Physical Media Adaptation Layer) sublayer, the PCS (Physical Coding) sublayer, the MII interface (Media Independent Interface), the MAC (Media Access Control Address) control layer, and the input buffer. It can shape the differential electrical signals of the connected IP broadcast or multicast stream, extract the synchronous clock, perform serial-to-parallel conversion, descramble and perform 64B / 66B decoding, remove block synchronization, and restore the complete data frame. The frame is then written to the input buffer through the MAC control layer for reading by the filtering and forwarding module.

[0078] 4-2) The filtering and forwarding module is used to read the target program stream data frame from the input buffer according to the user request filtering conditions given by the main control, strip off the header and tail of the data frame, and store only the payload into the main buffer.

[0079] 4-3) The primary cache management module is a ring buffer that caches recent data (for example, the last 5 seconds of data) in partitions and slices according to a predetermined time window. Specifically, the primary cache management module uses a ring cache mechanism to cache the Ethernet frame payload written by the filter forwarding module in a partitioned and timely manner so that it can be read by the protocol encapsulation module. Its cache format can be based on a common UDP socket: IP header + UDP header + TS payload (without Ethernet header and FCS).

[0080] 4-4) The protocol conversion, encapsulation and forwarding module is used to read the UDP multicast IP packet of the destination program stream from the main cache according to the user request, encapsulate it into a unicast IP packet according to the port binding mechanism provided by the master control, and write it to the output cache for reading and forwarding by the output interface layer.

[0081] 4-5) The unicast data frame output network interface module may include: MAC control layer, MII interface layer, and physical layer. The MAC control layer reads the protocol conversion encapsulation forwarding module, encapsulates it according to user requirements, and writes it into the output buffer. After adding the Ethernet header and tail and encapsulating it into a unicast data frame, it is forwarded to the routing unit.

[0082] 4-6) The user request network interface module may include: a physical layer, an MII interface, a MAC control layer, and an input buffer; it is used to, after receiving a user request data frame, perform serial-to-parallel conversion and descramble decoding on it, and then write it to the input buffer through its MAC control layer for reading and processing by the corresponding functional module.

[0083] 4-7) User request permission management and port mapping management module is used to confirm user permissions, user requests and multicast stream port binding condition parsing, and form the filtering and unicast stream encapsulation mapping relationship of the user request destination multicast stream, and provide it to the main control module so that the main control module can uniformly control the management of the filtering and forwarding module and the protocol conversion and forwarding module.

[0084] 4-8) Main control module, which may include: main control CPU, forwarding matrix, and control unit; the main control module is the core control module of the unidirectional service protocol conversion and forwarding unit, and is used to implement unit configuration management, user authority management, port mapping management, filtering and encapsulation management, and data forwarding, to ensure that the unidirectional service protocol conversion and forwarding unit follows the port binding and user authority of the live service system, thereby quickly completing the protocol conversion, encapsulation, and forwarding of the destination multicast stream.

[0085] 5) Routing unit, which may include: broadcast network interface module, data service network interface, main control module, switching matrix, storage module, clock synchronization module, management module, security module, power module, wireless access function module, and user network interface module. Among them:

[0086] 5-1) The broadcast network interface module and the data service network interface may be composed of a physical layer, wherein the broadcast network interface module is connected to the one-way service protocol conversion and forwarding module to realize the communication between the user terminal and the one-way service protocol conversion and forwarding module and the reception of the destination unicast stream; the data service network interface is connected to the two-way service optoelectronic conversion and transceiver module to realize the communication between the user and the management platform and the transmission and reception of communication services and broadband Internet services; the wireless access function module and the user network interface module provide users with wireless access functions and LAN access interfaces to realize the access of user terminal equipment and provide the reception and routing forwarding of signaling services, communication services, broadband Internet services and broadcast services (unicast streams).

[0087] 5-2) The main control module and switching matrix may include a logical plane control unit, a data plane control unit, and a forwarding matrix, which implement VLAN management, MAC control layer management, and data forwarding. When a user requests unicast services, the request signaling is forwarded to the protocol conversion module, which confirms user rights management information between the protocol conversion module and the platform, and receives and forwards the user's unicast stream. When a user requests bidirectional services, the user request signaling is forwarded to the bidirectional service interface module, which receives and forwards user communication services and broadband Internet services, thereby achieving multi-service multiplexing, cross-connection, and forwarding functions.

[0088] 5-3) The wireless access functional module may include an RF front-end module, a baseband processing module, and an antenna. These modules are used to transmit and receive Wi-Fi signals, providing a bridge between wireless devices (such as mobile phones and computers) and wired networks. The RF front-end may include a power amplifier (PA), a low-noise amplifier (LNA), and a filter. The PA boosts the transmit power of wireless signals, the LNA amplifies weak received signals to reduce noise interference, and the filter filters out out-of-band interference signals (such as other Wi-Fi or Bluetooth signals). The baseband processing module converts digital signals into wireless signals (modulation: such as OFDM) or demodulates received wireless signals into digital signals. This wireless access functional module supports MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology, which uses multiple antennas to improve transmission speed and stability. Based on this, the antenna module can utilize MIMO technology to achieve spatial multiplexing across multiple antennas, thereby increasing throughput.

[0089] The above-mentioned multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router differs from current home wireless routers in that the router provides a fiber optic WAN interface that can access two access networks. One interface accesses the access network for communication services and broadband Internet services, and the other interface accesses the cable TV baseband IP broadcast network. Through its built-in protocol conversion unit, the multicast stream of the TS over UDP type broadcast that does not start the IGMP protocol is converted into a unicast stream. Then, it is connected to the multi-service terminals of the user's TV, computer, and mobile phone in the user's home through the wireless access function and LAN access interface, thereby solving the technical problem that the cable TV network cannot be connected to the home network through the router and the user has two local area networks in the home. Through the multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic access wireless router provided in this example, users can receive the live broadcast service of the cable TV network baseband IP broadcast on their TV, computer, and mobile phone without noticing. The actual experience is the same as accessing the IPTV service, and the transmission quality of the broadcast and television service is much higher than the transmission quality of the IPTV mode transmission. The transmission quality of high-definition and ultra-high-definition 4K / 8K programs can meet broadcast-level transmission standards.

[0090] The multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber-optic access wireless router provided in the present application provides a multi-wavelength multi-channel fiber-optic interface on the core network side, which can realize fiber-optic access to the access network of communication services, broadband Internet services, and IP broadcast and cable TV services; and while having the function of photoelectric conversion of optical signals of communication services, broadband Internet services and cable TV IP broadcast services, after converting the IP broadcast service into a unicast protocol compatible with multiple home terminals, it is connected to the home CPN network together with the communication service and broadband Internet service, thereby solving the technical problem of insufficient compatibility of the cable TV network IP broadcast service in the home network, and through a CPN network of the home wireless router, provides the user's local area network with multi-service services such as communication services, broadband Internet services and cable TV services with unified protocols, solving the technical problem that when communication services, broadband Internet services and cable TV services are simultaneously introduced into the home, the cable TV service cannot be connected to the home router, resulting in two local area networks in the user's home, inconvenient operation and high access costs.

[0091] Multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router, such as Figure 5 As shown, the multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router may include: an incoming optical fiber 0501, an optical-to-electrical conversion and protocol conversion function unit 0502, and a routing function unit 0512, wherein:

[0092] The photoelectric conversion and protocol conversion function unit 0502 may include: a multi-wavelength / multi-channel optical fiber adapter module 0503, a unidirectional service photoelectric conversion module 0506, a unidirectional service protocol conversion and forwarding unit 0508, and a bidirectional service photoelectric conversion and transceiver module 0509, wherein:

[0093] The routing function unit 0512 may include: a WAN interface module 0515, a routing unit 0516, a WiFI module 0517, a LAN interface module 0518, a user-side wireless interface 5019, a network adaptation module 0520, and a LAN interface;

[0094] The multi-wavelength / multi-channel optical fiber adapter module 0503 provides both single-fiber and dual-fiber triple-wavelength access adaptation. When the drop fiber is a single-core fiber carrying three wavelength optical signals (1550nm broadcast and 1490nm / 1310nm bidirectional), the multi-wavelength / multi-channel adapter module can consist of a single-fiber adapter and a wavelength splitter. The wavelength splitter splits the unidirectional service wavelength to the unidirectional service optoelectronic conversion module 0506 and the bidirectional service signal to the bidirectional service optoelectronic conversion transceiver module 0509, achieving optoelectronic conversion and receiving and forwarding uplink and downlink data. When the drop fiber is a dual-core fiber, one core carries the 1550nm broadcast service, which is connected to the unidirectional service optoelectronic conversion module 0506, while the other core carries the bidirectional service (1490nm / 1310nm) and is connected to the bidirectional service optoelectronic conversion transceiver module 0509.

[0095] In order to adapt to the single-fiber three-wave home access scenario, it can be Figure 6 0601 alternative shown Figure 5 The multi-wavelength / multi-channel optical fiber adapter module 0503, wherein 0601 can be composed of an optical fiber adapter seat 0603 and a combiner / demultiplexer 0605. The 1550nm wavelength optical signal carrying the broadcast service signal and the 1490 / 1310nm wavelength optical signal carrying the data service signal are combined to form a three-wavelength optical signal, which is connected to the optical fiber adapter seat 0603 through the single-core home optical fiber 0401 and the LC adapter head 0602, and then connected to the combiner / demultiplexer 0605 for wavelength division. The 1550nm wavelength signal is connected to the unidirectional service optoelectronic conversion module 0506 through the optical interface 0505, and the 1490 / 1310nm wavelength optical signal is connected to the bidirectional service optoelectronic conversion transceiver module 0509.

[0096] In order to adapt to the dual-fiber three-wave home access scenario, you can Figure 7 0701 replacement in Figure 5The multi-wavelength / multi-channel optical fiber adapter module 0503 in FIG0701 may include an optical fiber adapter seat 0603 (a unidirectional service optical fiber adapter seat and a bidirectional service adapter seat). The 1550nm wavelength optical signal carrying the broadcast service signal and the 1490 / 1310nm wavelength optical signal carrying the data service signal are connected to the optical fiber adapter seat 0603 through the first independent optical fiber 0202 and the second independent optical fiber 0302 and the LC adapter head 0602, respectively. The 1550nm wavelength signal 05022 is connected to the unidirectional service optical-to-electrical conversion module 0506, and the 1490 / 1310nm wavelength optical signal is connected to the bidirectional service optical-to-electrical conversion transceiver module 0509.

[0097] Figure 6 and Figure 7 for Figure 5 A practical example, Figure 6 Suitable for single-fiber three-wave home access scenarios, Figure 7 Adapt to the dual-fiber three-wave home access scenario, Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As can be seen, the optical carrier carrying the unidirectional service is connected to the unidirectional service optoelectronic conversion module 0506 through the optical interface 0505. After optoelectronic conversion, it is connected to the unidirectional service protocol conversion and forwarding unit 0508 through the input interface 0507. The protocol conversion unit encapsulates the destination broadcast stream into a unicast stream according to the user's request to watch or listen to programs, and then forwards it to the routing function unit 0512 through the interface 0510. The routing function unit forwards the program stream requested by the destination user through routing and forwards it to the user access terminal through its LAN interface, thereby realizing the listening and viewing of radio and television programs.

[0098] The 1490nm wavelength optical carrier signal that carries communication services and broadband Internet services is connected to the bidirectional service optoelectronic conversion transceiver module 0509 through the access optical fiber 0504. The electrical signal after optoelectronic conversion is connected to the routing function unit 0512 through the interface 0511. The routing function unit forwards the data service flow requested by the destination user to the user access terminal through its LAN interface, realizing communication and broadband Internet services.

[0099] like Figure 8As shown, the unidirectional service optical-to-electrical conversion module 0506 may include: an optical interface 0505, a receiving optical assembly (ROSA) 0801 consisting of a photoelectric device (PD) and a trans-impedance amplifier (TIA), a limiting amplifier 0802, and a signal detection circuit. After the input optical signal is converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric device PD, it is amplified by the trans-impedance amplifier (TIA) to form a differential signal. The signal is then further amplified and shaped by the limiting amplifier and output to the protocol conversion unit via the input interface 0507. The unidirectional service optical-to-electrical conversion module 0506 also provides an optical signal detection interface 0803 to provide the control system with a detection signal for real-time detection of the input optical signal.

[0100] like Figure 9 As shown, the bidirectional service optoelectronic conversion transceiver module 0509 may include: an access optical fiber 0504, a transceiver optoelectronic conversion circuit 0901, an intermediate processing circuit 0902, and an optical signal detection interface 0904. The intermediate processing circuit 0902 includes: a burst laser amplifier driver, an optical power monitoring / controller, a main amplifier decision / limiting amplifier, and a signal detector. The differential electrical signal of the data bit stream to be forwarded is connected to the driver circuit through the input interface 0511T to drive the electro-optical conversion device LD. After the forwarded data stream is modulated to a 1310nm optical carrier by the electro-optical conversion device LD, it is connected to the access optical fiber 0504 through a combiner / demultiplexer to achieve electro-optical conversion and data stream forwarding. In the receiving direction, the 1490nm wavelength optical carrier carrying the received data stream is connected to the photodiode PD after passing through the combiner / demultiplexer. The photodiode PD converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal and connects it to the input of the transimpedance amplifier TIA. After amplification and shaping by the limiting amplifier, the differential signal of the bit stream is obtained through the output interface 0511R, thereby realizing the optical-electrical conversion and reception of the received optical signal.

[0101] like Figure 10 As shown, the unidirectional service protocol conversion and forwarding unit 0508 may include: an input interface 0507, a management interface 1001, a power interface 1002, a power module 1014, an input end network interface module 1003, a filtering and forwarding module 1004, a primary cache management module 1005, a protocol conversion, encapsulation and forwarding module 1006, a unicast output network interface module 1007, a user request network interface module 1008, a user request, permission management and port mapping management module 1009, a main control module 1010, a primary storage module 1011, a clock management module 1012, a configuration management module 1013, a unicast stream output interface 0510T and a user request interface 0510R.

[0102] The input network interface module 1003 provides a 10G / 25G selectable rate SerDes input interface 0507, which interfaces with the output interface of the unidirectional service optical-to-electrical conversion module 0506 and receives all multicast or broadcast stream serial signals output by the unidirectional service optical-to-electrical conversion module 0506. The input network interface module 1003 consists of the physical layer PMA (physical medium attachment sublayer), PCS (physical coding sublayer), MII interface layer, MAC control layer, and input buffer (Rx Buffer). Among them:

[0103] The PMA sublayer recovers the input clock signal and serial data stream, performs serial-to-parallel conversion on the serial data stream after obtaining the recovered serial clock signal and serial data stream, and outputs the obtained recovered clock signal and parallel data stream to the PCS sublayer;

[0104] The PCS sublayer performs data block synchronization, descrambling, 64B / 66B codeword decoding, and block synchronization header removal on parallel data streams in accordance with the physical coding sublayer requirements of IEEE802.3ae. After obtaining a complete Ethernet data frame, it transmits it to the MAC control layer through the MII interface.

[0105] The MAC control layer parses the Ethernet frame structure (for example, source / destination MAC address, frame type), verifies frame integrity (CRC check), and writes valid data packets to the receive buffer (Rx Buffer) after filtering out invalid frames. The buffer caches data streams using a first-in-first-out mechanism. Regardless of whether the buffer is read or not, the first-in data is overwritten by the last-in data within a certain period of time.

[0106] The filtering and forwarding module 1004 is used to write all multicast streams into the receiving buffer (Rx Buffer) at the MAC layer, filter out the target multicast stream according to the user request, and then send it to the primary buffer management module 1005 for writing into the main buffer.

[0107] The protocol conversion, encapsulation and forwarding module 1006 is used to encapsulate the target multicast stream into a unicast stream according to the user's request in the multicast stream written into the primary cache by the primary cache management module, and forward it to the target user through the unicast output network interface.

[0108] The IP broadcast stream received by the aforementioned multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router is a multicast stream of all programs transmitted by the front-end platform to users, and the IGMP protocol is not enabled. It is input to the input of the multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router via a flooding mechanism. After completing the optical-to-electrical conversion, the destination program is converted into a unicast stream based on the user's request and forwarded to the destination user. Furthermore, the system uses a non-dynamic port binding mechanism. That is, the EPG (Electronic Program Guide) clearly defines the mapping between the multicast address and port address of the platform's broadcast programs and the source IP address and port address after protocol conversion. This mapping is static. As long as there are no changes in programs, the port binding is fixed. Only when programs are added or reduced will the data in the EPG be uniformly adjusted and updated by the front-end.

[0109] Assume that the platform broadcasts 200 programs. The port binding example is:

[0110] CCTV-1:239.1.1.1:5000~XXTV-X:2391.1.200:5000,

[0111] 239.1.1.1:5000 to 2391.1.200:5000 are the multicast addresses and destination port numbers for 200 programs. 6000 to 6199 are statically bound to the source port numbers for unicast streams in the system. Assuming the IP address of the protocol converter is 192.168.10.100 and the IP address of the user device is 192.168.1.101, the specific implementation process is as follows:

[0112] S1: User initiates a request:

[0113] The user clicks "CCTV-1" through the EPG and uses the browser to access the fixed URL http: / / 192.168.10.100:6000. After receiving the user request through the user request interface 0510R, the user request network interface module 1008 forwards the user request, authority management and port mapping management module 1009.

[0114] S2: HTTP redirect:

[0115] After verifying the permissions, the user request permission management and port mapping management module returns the unicast stream address (actually still 192.168.10.100:6000).

[0116] S3: Player connection:

[0117] The user device (e.g. VLC) initiates a UDP connection request to port 6000 of the cache.

[0118] S4: Filtering and caching of data frames:

[0119] The user request, authority management and port mapping management module 1009 forwards the port mapping relationship of the user-requested program to the filtering and forwarding module 1004 and the protocol conversion, encapsulation and forwarding module 1006 through the main control module 1010. After the filtering and forwarding module 1004 obtains the filtering condition 239.1.1.1:5000 corresponding to 192.168.10.100:6000, it filters out the data frame of 239.1.1.1:5000 from the input cache, unloads its header and tail IP packets, and forwards them to the main cache management module 1005 for caching.

[0120] The primary cache management module 1005 maintains a ring buffer that caches recent data (e.g., the last 5 seconds) in predefined time windows. This ring buffer temporarily stores multicast stream data to address the real-time nature of user requests and network jitter. The primary cache management module 1005 implements the following caching rules: It caches the most recent packets (e.g., the last 5 seconds) by time window, automatically discarding expired data to ensure real-time performance; pre-allocates fixed-size cache blocks to reduce dynamic memory allocation overhead; and allocates a separate ring buffer for each multicast stream (e.g., 239.1.1.1:5000 → Cache 1) to prevent data congestion. Furthermore, it uses efficient data structures (e.g., circular queues) to store packets, using a standard UDP socket format: IP header + UDP header + TS payload (without the Ethernet header and FCS).

[0121] S5: Multicast to unicast:

[0122] After receiving the unicast encapsulation parameters from the master, the protocol conversion, encapsulation, and forwarding module 1006 reads the IP packet at 239.1.1.1:5000 from the primary cache management module 1005, removes its IP header and UDP header, and encapsulates it into a unicast IP packet: Source Port: statically bound port (e.g., 6000), Source IP: protocol converter IP (192.168.10.100), Destination IP: user device IP (192.168.1.101), Destination Port: random user device port (e.g., 50000). After encapsulation, the packet is forwarded to the output buffer (Rx Buffer) of the unicast output network interface module 1007.

[0123] S6: Encapsulation and forwarding of unicast data frames:

[0124] After the MAC layer of the unicast data stream output network interface module 1007 reads the output buffer (Rx Buffer) message, it loads the frame header and frame trailer and performs 64B / 668 encoding through the physical layer PCS sublayer. After serialization through the PMA sublayer, it is connected to the routing function unit 0512 through the unicast stream output interface 0510T, and is routed and forwarded to the LAN interface module 0518 through the routing module 0516 of the routing function unit 0512, and then forwarded to the user destination device through its LAN interface.

[0125] S7: Traffic replication and transmission:

[0126] If multiple users request the same port (eg 6000) at the same time, an independent unicast stream is copied for each user, and the data is sent in parallel via multiple threads or multiple queues of the unicast data stream output network interface module 1007 .

[0127] S8: Multi-terminal request:

[0128] Both the filtering and forwarding module 1004 and the protocol conversion, encapsulation and forwarding module 1006 are provided with multiple sets of filters and multi-core and multi-threaded encapsulation functions, thereby meeting the broadcast service requirements of multiple terminals of access users.

[0129] S9: Session maintenance and termination:

[0130] The user player sends heartbeat packets (eg RTCP packets) periodically, and the user request, rights management and port mapping management module 1009 updates the session active time. If the user stops playing and there is no heartbeat, the terminal stops sending data.

[0131] like Figure 11 As shown, the routing function unit 0512 may include: a unicast service interface 0513, a data service interface 0514, a broadcast network interface module 1101, a data network interface module 1102, a main control module 1103, a clock module 1104, a storage module 1105, a security module 1106, a wireless module 1107, a user network interface module 1108, a power module 1109, a switching matrix 1110, a management module 1111, a user-side wireless interface 1112, and a 4*1G (SERDES) interface 1113. Among them:

[0132] The broadcast network interface module 1101 and the data network interface module 1102 are connected to the unidirectional service optoelectronic conversion module 0506 and the bidirectional service optoelectronic conversion transceiver module 0509 respectively through the unicast service interface 0513 and the data service interface 0514, and are connected to the user CPN network through the user-side wireless interface 1112 and the 4*1G (SERDES) interface 1113.

[0133] The broadcast network interface module 1101 and the data network interface module 1102 may be composed of a physical layer (PMA) sublayer, a PCS sublayer, an MII interface, a MAC control layer, and input and output buffers. The PMA sublayer receives the serial data stream from the PMD sublayer, extracts the clock, recovers the data stream, and, after serial-to-parallel conversion, passes the resulting parallel symbol stream to the PCS sublayer. The PCS sublayer performs descrambling, 64b / 66b decoding, and removes the block synchronization header to obtain a complete data frame. The PCS sublayer then transmits the complete data frame to the MAC control layer via the MII interface. The MAC control layer writes the received data frame to the input buffer for reading and forwarding.

[0134] The main control module 1103, as the core of the router, is used to complete data packet processing, routing protocol operations, system management and security encryption. When implemented, it can run an embedded operating system (such as Linux, RTOS), support NAT (Network Address Translation), DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), firewall and other functions to achieve data packet routing and forwarding and manage the collaborative work of other hardware modules.

[0135] The storage module 1105 can be composed of RAM: DDR3 / DDR4 SDRAM; ROM: SPI NOR Flash or eMMC storage, wherein the RAM is used to temporarily store routing tables, connection status tables, and data packet caches, and the ROM is used to save firmware programs, system configurations, and log files.

[0136] The wireless module 1107 may be composed of a wireless chipset, a radio frequency front end, a power amplifier (PA), a low noise amplifier (LNA), a filter, and an antenna. It is used to implement the 802.11 a / b / g / n / ac / ax protocol, modulate and demodulate wireless signals, manage MIMO multi-antenna technology to provide SSID broadcasting, and client access management.

[0137] The user network interface module 1108 is used to provide physical layer and data link layer functions for the user local area network (LAN) interface.

[0138] The switching matrix 1110 is used to coordinate the main control unit and the MAC control layer to transmit data at high speed between multiple interfaces inside the router and support parallel data exchange.

[0139] In one embodiment, Figure 12 The following is a schematic diagram of the actual application scenario of a multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router. Figure 12It is composed of an IP broadcast stream transmitter 0201 at the access network central office, a central office device 0301 based on a star-structured network of Ethernet technology, a central office-to-user ODN, and a user-side multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optoelectronic conversion transceiver. The multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router 1201 in a single-fiber three-wavelength scenario is adapted to the 1550nm wavelength of broadcast services and the 1490nm / 1310nm wavelengths of data services for upstream and downstream transmission, which are then combined by a combiner 0105 and delivered to the home through a single-core home-entry optical fiber 0401. The multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router 1202 in a dual-fiber three-wavelength scenario carries the 1550nm wavelength optical signal of broadcast services and the 1490nm / 1310nm wavelength optical signal of data services for upstream and downstream transmission, respectively, through a third independent optical fiber 0206 and a second independent optical fiber 0302 to the home.

[0140] The multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router proposed in the above example implements routing and forwarding of user signaling and services for communications services and broadband internet services. After converting multicast or broadcast services into unicast streams via a protocol conversion unit, these streams are also accessed through its LAN interface or Wi-Fi interface along with communications services, broadband services, and data services to various user application terminals. Unlike existing general-purpose home routers, the multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router proposed in this embodiment not only meets the functions of existing general-purpose home routers, but also can convert broadcast or multicast to unicast for IP-based cable television broadcast or multicast streams. This allows for the delivery of broadcast services superimposed on a star-structured Ethernet-based access network to homes. The unicast streams, after protocol conversion, are connected to the home router along with communications services and broadband internet services, making them compatible with various home terminals and resolving the issue of insufficient compatibility of broadcast protocols in home CPN networks. At the same time, each user has exclusive access to services including but not limited to 1G / 10G data service interface physical bandwidth and 10G / 25G broadcast service bandwidth. At a low home access cost, higher home access bandwidth can be obtained. Through the protocol conversion function of the multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router, the broadcast or multicast stream is converted into a unicast stream and then connected to the same local area network of the home together with the communication service and broadband service. In this way, the user's home no longer has two local area networks of cable TV network and broadband network. While meeting the requirements of multi-service access, it guarantees the high-bitrate access of cable TV network HD and ultra-HD 4K / 8K programs broadcast-level standards.

[0141] The greater benefits are: first, under the premise of support from the cable TV network front-end platform, the smart TV can directly access the wireless access terminal or LAN interface of the multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router proposed in this disclosure without the need for a set-top box, thereby solving the current problem of inconvenient operation caused by two remote controls for the TV and the set-top box; second, users do not need to be equipped with operator home gateways and cable TV set-top boxes at home, greatly reducing the network operator's home access costs and maintenance costs.

[0142] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar portions between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences between the other embodiments. In particular, the hardware + program embodiments are generally similar to the method embodiments, so their description is relatively simple. For relevant portions, refer to the description of the method embodiments.

[0143] The foregoing description of this specification describes specific embodiments. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different from that described in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order shown or the sequential order to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0144] Although this application provides method operation steps as described in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on routine or non-creative work. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is only one way of executing the steps among many, and does not represent the only execution order. When an actual device or client product executes the method steps shown in the embodiments or the figures, the steps may be executed sequentially or in parallel (for example, in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment).

[0145] The terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, product, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus. Without further limitation, it does not preclude the presence of additional identical or equivalent elements in a process, method, product, or apparatus that includes the elements.

[0146] For the convenience of description, the above devices are described in terms of functions divided into various modules. Of course, when implementing the embodiments of this specification, the functions of each module can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware, or the modules that implement the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units, etc. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0147] Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller in pure computer-readable program code, it is entirely possible to implement the same functionality by logically programming the method steps in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers, and the like. Therefore, such a controller can be considered a hardware component, and the devices included therein for implementing various functions can also be considered structures within the hardware component. Alternatively, the devices for implementing various functions can be considered both software modules implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0148] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0149] Memory may include non-permanent storage in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0150] Computer-readable media includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. The information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transitory media such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0151] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between the various embodiments can be referenced across them. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, since the system embodiments are generally similar to the method embodiments, their description is relatively simple. For relevant parts, reference can be made to the description of the method embodiments. Throughout this specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments in this specification. In this specification, the schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples, and features of different embodiments or examples, described in this specification, without conflict.

[0152] The above description is merely an example of the embodiments of this specification and is not intended to limit the embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations of the embodiments of this specification are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of this specification shall be included within the scope of the claims of the embodiments of this specification.

Claims

1. A multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router, characterized in that: include: The photoelectric conversion protocol conversion function unit and the routing function unit include: a multi-wavelength multi-channel adaptation module, a unidirectional service photoelectric conversion module, a unidirectional service protocol conversion unit, and a bidirectional service photoelectric conversion transceiver module; the routing function unit includes: a WAN interface module, a routing unit, a WiFI module, and a LAN interface module, wherein: The multi-wavelength multi-channel adaptation module has single-fiber three-wavelength access adaptation function and dual-fiber three-wavelength access adaptation function; The unidirectional service optical-to-electrical conversion module is composed of a unidirectional ROSA and a receiving circuit, and is used to realize the reception of unidirectional optical signals of the broadcast stream and the conversion of optical to electrical; The unidirectional service protocol conversion unit is used to implement photoelectric conversion reception, caching, protocol conversion and forwarding of broadcast services; The bidirectional business photoelectric conversion transceiver module is used to realize the driving of the transmitting laser and the buffer amplification of the receiving signal; The WAN interface module includes: a first optical fiber WAN interface for accessing communication services and broadband services, and a second optical fiber WAN interface for accessing cable television services; The routing unit is used to realize the reception, routing and forwarding of unidirectional service data frames and bidirectional service data frames; The WiFI module is used to connect communication services, broadband services and cable TV services to user terminals through the WiFI interface; The LAN interface module is used to connect communication services, broadband services, and cable TV services to user terminals through the LAN interface.

2. The multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the single-fiber three-wavelength-to-home scenario, the multi-wavelength multi-channel adaptation module includes: an optical fiber adapter and a wavelength splitter, which is used to combine the 1550nm wavelength optical signal carrying the broadcast service signal and the 1490nm / 1310nm wavelength optical signal carrying the data service signal to form a three-wavelength optical signal, which is connected to the optical fiber adapter through the home optical fiber and the LC adapter head, and then connected to the wavelength splitter for wavelength separation. Among them, the 1550nm wavelength signal is connected to the unidirectional service optoelectronic conversion module, and the 1490nm / 1310nm wavelength optical signal is connected to the bidirectional service optoelectronic conversion transceiver module.

3. The multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the dual-fiber three-wavelength home access scenario, the multi-wavelength multi-channel adapter module includes: a unidirectional service optical fiber adapter seat and a bidirectional service adapter seat, wherein the unidirectional service optical fiber adapter seat is used to access the 1550nm wavelength optical signal carrying the broadcast service signal through the first LC adapter head, and the bidirectional service adapter seat is used to access the 1490nm / 1310nm wavelength optical signal carrying the data service signal through the second LC adapter head. The 1550nm wavelength signal is connected to the unidirectional service optoelectronic conversion module, and the 1490nm / 1310nm wavelength optical signal is connected to the bidirectional service optoelectronic conversion transceiver module.

4. The multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bidirectional service optoelectronic conversion transceiver module is used to connect the differential electrical signal of the data bit stream to be forwarded to the laser driving circuit to realize the driving of the electro-optical conversion device LD. After the forwarded data bit stream differential electrical signal is modulated to a 1310nm optical carrier by the electro-optical conversion device LD, it is connected to the access optical fiber through the combiner / demultiplexer to realize electro-optical conversion and forwarding of the data stream.

5. The multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the receiving direction, the bidirectional service optoelectronic conversion transceiver module carries a 1490nm wavelength optical carrier of the received data stream, which is connected to the photosensitive device PD after passing through a combiner / demultiplexer. The photosensitive device PD converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal and then connects it to the input end of the transimpedance amplifier TIA. After amplification and shaping by the limiting amplifier, the differential signal of the bit stream is obtained by receiving to realize the optoelectronic conversion and reception of the received optical signal.

6. The multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unidirectional service protocol conversion and forwarding unit includes: an IP broadcast and multicast stream network interface module, a filtering and forwarding module, a primary cache management module, a protocol conversion, encapsulation and forwarding module, and a unicast data frame output network interface module, wherein: The IP broadcast and multicast stream interface module includes: a PMA sublayer, a PCS sublayer, an MII interface, a MAC control layer, and an input buffer, and is used to shape the differential electrical signals of the connected IP broadcast or multicast stream, extract the synchronization clock, perform serial-to-parallel conversion, descramble, and perform 64B / 66B decoding. After removing block synchronization and restoring complete data frames, the signals are written to the input buffer through the MAC control layer for reading by the filtering and forwarding module. The filtering and forwarding module is used to read the target program stream data frame from the input buffer according to the user request filtering condition, and after stripping the header and tail of the read target program stream data frame, store its payload into the main buffer; The main buffer management module is used to cache the Ethernet frame payload written by the filtering and forwarding module in a partition-by-partition and time-based manner according to the ring buffer mechanism, so as to be read by the protocol conversion encapsulation and forwarding module; The protocol conversion encapsulation and forwarding module is used to read the UDP multicast IP packet of the target program stream from the main cache according to the user request, encapsulate it into a unicast IP packet according to the port binding mechanism, and then write it into the output cache so that the output interface layer can read and forward it; The unicast data frame output network interface module includes a MAC control layer, wherein the MAC control layer is used to add an Ethernet header and a tail to the unicast IP packet read from the output buffer, encapsulate it into a unicast data frame, and then forward it to the routing unit.

7. The multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router according to claim 6, characterized in that: The one-way service protocol conversion and forwarding unit further includes: a user request network interface module, a user request authority management and port mapping management module, and a main control module, wherein: The user request network interface module is used to perform serial-to-parallel conversion and descrambling decoding on the data frame requested by the user after receiving the data frame requested by the user, and write it into the input buffer through its own MAC control layer for reading and processing; The user request authority management and port mapping management module is used to confirm user authority, parse the binding conditions between user requests and multicast stream ports, and provide the filtering and unicast stream encapsulation mapping relationship of the user request destination multicast stream to the main control module after forming the mapping relationship so that the main control module can uniformly control the filtering and forwarding module and the protocol conversion and forwarding module; The main control module is used to implement unit configuration management, user authority management, port mapping management, filtering and encapsulation management, and data forwarding to ensure that the unidirectional service protocol conversion and forwarding unit completes the protocol conversion, encapsulation and forwarding of the destination multicast stream in accordance with the live service system port binding and user authority.

8. The multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router according to claim 1, characterized in that: The routing unit includes: a broadcast network interface module, a data service network interface, a main control module, a switching matrix, a wireless access function module, and a user network interface module, wherein: The broadcast network interface module is connected to the unidirectional service protocol conversion unit and is used to realize the communication between the user terminal and the unidirectional service protocol conversion unit and the reception of the destination unicast stream; The data service network interface is connected to the bidirectional service photoelectric conversion transceiver module to realize the communication between the user terminal and the management platform, as well as the transmission and reception of communication services and broadband Internet services; The wireless access function module and user network interface module are used to provide users with wireless access functions and LAN access interfaces, realize access of user terminal devices, and provide reception and routing forwarding of signaling services, communication services, broadband services, and unicast stream cable TV services; The main control module and switching matrix are used to implement VLAN management, MAC control layer management and data forwarding functions. When a user requests a unicast service, the request signaling is forwarded to the protocol conversion module to complete the forwarding of user authority management information between the protocol conversion module and the platform, as well as the reception and forwarding of user unicast streams. When a user requests a bidirectional service, the user request signaling is forwarded to the bidirectional service interface module to implement the reception and forwarding of user-side communication services and broadband Internet services, thereby realizing multi-service multiplexing, cross-connection and forwarding functions.

9. The multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router according to claim 8, characterized in that: The wireless access function module includes: a radio frequency front-end module, a baseband processing module and an antenna, which are used to transmit and receive WiFi signals and provide a bridge between wireless devices and wired networks, wherein: The RF front end includes: a power amplifier, a low-noise amplifier, and a filter, wherein the power amplifier is used to enhance the transmission power of the wireless signal, the low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the weak received signal to reduce noise interference, and the filter is used to filter out-of-band interference signals; The baseband processing module is used to convert digital signals into wireless signals, or demodulate received wireless signals into digital signals; The antenna is an antenna structure using MIMO technology, and spatial multiplexing is achieved through multiple antennas.

10. The multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength optical fiber router according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The core network side of the multi-service multiplexing multi-wavelength fiber optic router provides a multi-wavelength multi-channel fiber optic interface for realizing fiber optic access for communication services, broadband services, and cable TV services. It has the function of photoelectric conversion of communication services, broadband services, and cable TV service signals, and converts the cable TV service into a unicast protocol compatible with multiple home terminals, and then accesses the home CPN network together with the communication services and broadband Internet services.

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