Harvester header integrating harvesting and threshing

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural harvesting equipment, in particular to a harvesting and threshing integrated harvester header which comprises a header frame, a plurality of dividers are fixed to the lower portion of the front end of the header frame side by side, and a sunflower disc conveyor for receiving sunflower discs is installed at the position, close to a cutter assembly, of the middle of the header frame. A transition shaft is rotationally installed above the middle of the header frame, a plate pressing device for guiding a sunflower plate to move downwards is rotationally installed on the transition shaft, and a threshing mechanism for threshing is installed at the rear end of the header frame. The invention has the beneficial effects that the threshing process is preposed and highly integrated in the header, and through a series of optimization designs such as short-path conveying, soft threshing, effective grain lifting and feeding, timely separation and the like, the key problems of large grain damage, high loss rate, difficult sunflower disc recovery, dependence on manual airing, missing threshing / incomplete threshing and the like in the prior art are solved at one stroke; and high-efficiency, low-loss, high-quality and high-benefit mechanical harvesting of the sunflowers is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural harvesting equipment, in particular to a harvester header integrated with harvesting and threshing. Background Art

[0002] Sunflowers are an important oilseed and food processing raw material crop in my country and have become a major cash crop in rural areas. Oil-producing sunflowers are reportedly one of my country's nine major oilseed crops. Sunflowers are primarily grown in the cool, dry regions of northern my country, primarily in Northeast China, Hebei, Shanxi, and Inner Mongolia in North China, and Ningxia, Gansu, Shaanxi, and Xinjiang in Northwest China. They are often grown on arid, barren, and saline-alkali lands. As sunflower cultivation continues to expand, harvesting them has become a major challenge for growers. Previously, sunflowers were harvested using wheat or corn harvesters with headers replaced. Differences in wheat, corn, and sunflower cropping patterns meant headers were not well-suited, resulting in high losses from collisions. Furthermore, before harvesting, sunflowers must be manually cut and then inserted into the harvesters for drying (with the headers facing up) before being harvested by harvesters. This is labor-intensive and labor-intensive. If the headers are left to dry in the rain, they can rot and deteriorate (with the headers facing up, rainwater can enter the gaps between the kernels), resulting in a significant loss during the season. Consequently, specialized sunflower harvesting machines have emerged. For example, the Chinese patent application number 201610811908.X discloses a self-propelled sunflower combine harvester. The harvesting platform of the combine harvester is hinged in front of the main frame and is located at the lower part of the cab. The threshing device is installed at the outlet end of the inclined conveying device, the straw walker is installed at the rear of the threshing device, and the straw chopping and returning device is installed under the harvesting platform. A slide is also provided at the rear end of the straw walker, and an automatic sunflower disc collection and unloading device is installed below the rear of the slide. Chinese patent application number 201820097856.9 discloses a sunflower harvester, which belongs to the field of agricultural harvesting machinery. It includes a harvesting platform, a conveying system, a threshing system, a cleaning system, a pneumatic grain lifting system and a power system for providing power. A sunflower cake bin is provided at the end of the threshing system, and a grain bin is provided at the end of the pneumatic grain lifting system. The harvesting platform is connected to the conveying system. The conveying system transports the sunflower discs harvested by the harvesting platform to the threshing system for threshing. The grains threshed by the threshing system enter the cleaning system for cleaning. The threshed sunflower discs enter the sunflower cake bin, and the cleaned grains enter the grain bin through the pneumatic grain lifting system.

[0003] When sunflowers mature, existing harvesting and threshing equipment has the following problems:

[0004] 1. The existing harvester threshes the sunflowers at the rear end and the sunflower discs are broken after threshing, resulting in a low recovery rate. The path to the rear end is too long, the skinning rate is high, the appearance is not ideal, and the economic output rate is low.

[0005] 2. When the existing cutting platform tilts the sunflower at a certain angle, threshing may be missed or incomplete. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention is to solve the above problems and proposes a harvester header with integrated harvesting and threshing.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0008] A harvester header for harvesting and threshing, comprising a header frame, a plurality of straw dividers fixed side by side below the front end of the header frame, a stem pulling roller rotatably mounted on the header frame is provided below the straw divider, a cutter assembly for separating sunflower discs from stems is installed between the straw divider and the stem pulling roller, one end of the cutter assembly is connected to a reversing box that drives the cutter assembly to work, a traction frame connected to the harvester body is fixed to the rear side below the header frame, a sunflower disc conveyor for receiving the sunflower disc is installed near the cutter assembly in the middle of the header frame, a transition shaft is rotatably installed above the middle of the header frame, and the transition shaft is rotated A pressure plate device is dynamically installed to guide the sunflower disc to move downward, and a threshing mechanism for threshing is installed at the rear end of the cutting frame. The sunflower disc conveyor and the threshing mechanism are connected together by a feeding transition plate, and a transverse conveyor fixed to the cutting frame is provided below the threshing mechanism. A sunflower disc conveyor box is installed at one end of the threshing mechanism, and a first power input shaft and a second power input shaft are rotatably installed on both sides of the rear end of the cutting frame through bearing seats. The first power input shaft is connected to the threshing mechanism, the transverse conveyor and the reversing box, and the second power input shaft is connected to the stem pulling roller and the sunflower disc conveyor.

[0009] Furthermore, a grain dividing wheel is rotatably mounted on one end of the grain divider away from the cutter assembly, and brushes for preventing grains from falling are provided on both sides of the cutter assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, a support rod supporting the crop divider is fixed to the front end of the cutting platform.

[0011] Furthermore, the cutting knife assembly includes a fixed base fixed on the cutting platform frame, a power shaft is rotatably mounted on the fixed base through a bearing, a rotating wheel disc is fixed to one end of the power shaft, a side arm is provided on one side of the fixed base, an upper curved arm is rotatably mounted on the side arm, a connecting rod and a lower curved arm are rotatably mounted on the other end of the upper curved arm through a pin shaft, an end of the connecting rod away from the upper curved arm is rotatably mounted on the eccentric position of the rotating wheel disc side wall through a bearing, an end of the lower curved arm away from the upper curved arm is fixed with a slider through a pin shaft, the slider is installed together with a sliding bar slidably mounted on the cutting platform frame through a detachable connection, a plurality of cutting knives are installed on the sliding bar through a detachable connection, and the cutting knives correspond to the cutting positions of the divider.

[0012] Furthermore, a knife guard for protecting the cutting knife is fixed on the cutting platform frame at a position corresponding to the cutting knife.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of groups of tooth plates are fixed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the stem pulling roller, each group of the tooth plates includes at least one metal plate, and each group of the tooth plates is arranged facing the center of two adjacent straw dividers.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure plate device includes an upper fixed frame rotatably mounted on the transition shaft, an arc-shaped arc plate protruding outward is fixed to the end of the upper fixed frame away from the transition shaft, a hydraulic rod for driving the pressure plate device to pitch and swing is hingedly mounted on the end of the upper fixed frame close to the transition shaft, a plowing wheel is rotatably mounted on the end of the upper fixed frame close to the arc plate through a bearing seat, and the plowing wheel is transmission-connected to the sunflower plate conveyor.

[0015] Furthermore, side guards are bolted onto both sides of the reel to protect the two sides of the cutting platform. The reel includes a roller, and at least two fixing plates are welded in an annular array on the outer circumference of the roller. The fixing plates are arranged along the length of the roller, and each fixing plate is evenly spaced and mounted on a plurality of mounting brackets. The first shift plate is detachably mounted on the end of the mounting bracket away from the roller.

[0016] Furthermore, the sunflower tray conveyor includes an arc-shaped outer cylinder, in which an auger shaft is rotatably installed. At least one second shift plate for shifting the sunflower tray toward the feeding transition plate is welded on the outer wall of one end of the auger shaft close to the feeding transition plate, and a spiral auger for axially conveying the sunflower tray is fixed on the outer wall of the other end of the auger shaft.

[0017] Furthermore, the threshing mechanism includes a coaxially arranged spiral conveying part and a spiral rolling threshing part, the spiral conveying part is located above the feeding transition plate, and a concave screen installed on the cutting platform is provided below the spiral rolling threshing part.

[0018] Furthermore, a slot for filtering sunflower seeds is formed in the middle of the feeding transition plate.

[0019] Furthermore, a sunflower disc wheel is provided in the sunflower disc conveying box and rotates coaxially with the spiral rolling and threshing part.

[0020] Furthermore, an auger is provided in the transverse conveyor, and a particle outlet is provided below the transverse conveyor at a position corresponding to the end of the auger.

[0021] By adopting the above technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: direct harvesting of sunflower discs, no need for manual cutting and inserting of discs for drying, reducing labor costs, while avoiding the impact of rain on sunflower harvesting, and reducing losses for growers; the unique cutting and stripping structure makes it possible for the sunflower discs to not be threshed by traditional methods of smashing, stirring, and threshing, and the spiral rolling threshing method allows the sunflower discs to be threshed in a complete state, reducing the skinning rate; the structural layout is reasonable, and the threshing process is advanced and highly integrated in the cutting platform. Through a series of optimized designs such as short-path transportation, gentle threshing, effective support and feeding, and timely separation, the key pain points of the existing technology, such as large grain damage, high loss rate, difficult sunflower disc recovery, reliance on manual drying, missed / incomplete threshing, etc., are solved in one fell swoop, thereby realizing efficient, low-loss, high-quality, and high-efficiency mechanized harvesting of sunflowers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 is a first stereogram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a second perspective view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a top view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a left side view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a right side view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the reel structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the sunflower tray conveyor of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of a threshing mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the concave screen structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the feeding transition plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the stem pulling roller of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cutter assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the knife guard of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 15 This is a schematic structural diagram of the sunflower tray conveying box of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention.

[0039] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0040] 1. Grain-splitting wheel; 2. Grain-splitting device; 3. Pressure plate device; 31. Upper fixed frame; 32. Arc plate; 33. Grain-splitting wheel; 331. Roller; 332. Fixed plate; 333. Mounting frame; 334. First shift plate; 34. Hydraulic rod; 35. Side baffle; 4. Support rod; 5. Grain-pulling roller; 51. Tooth plate; 6. Reversing box; 7. Cutter assembly; 71. Fixed base; 72. Power shaft; 73. Rotating wheel; 74. Connecting rod; 75. Upper crank arm; 76. Lower crank arm; 77. Sliding block; 78. Sliding bar; 79. Cutting Knife; 8. Transition shaft; 9. Sunflower tray conveyor; 91. Auger shaft; 92. Spiral auger; 93. Second shift plate; 10. Feed transition plate; 11. Threshing mechanism; 111. Screw conveying unit; 112. Spiral rolling threshing unit; 113. Concave screen; 12. Traction frame; 13. Sunflower tray conveyor box; 131. Sunflower tray impeller; 132. Transition impeller; 14. Brush; 15. Cutting platform; 16. Knife guard; 17. First power input shaft; 18. Horizontal conveyor; 19. Second power input shaft; 20. Grain outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] like Figures 1-6As shown, a harvester header for harvesting and threshing includes a header frame 15, a plurality of straw dividers 2 are fixed side by side below the front end of the header frame 15, and a stem pulling roller 5 rotatably mounted on the header frame 15 is provided below the straw divider 2. The stem pulling roller 5 is used to limit the sunflower stalks, bend them downward so that the sunflower disk is close to the straw divider 2, and adjust the posture of the plant, which is particularly helpful for handling slightly tilted plants, straightening and aligning them, and a cutter assembly 7 for separating the sunflower disk from the stem is installed between the straw divider 2 and the stem pulling roller 5. One end of the cutter assembly 7 is connected to a drive to drive the cutter assembly The reversing box 6 of the component 7 is fixed to the lower rear side of the cutting platform 15 with two traction frames 12 connected to the harvester body. A sunflower disc conveyor 9 for receiving the sunflower disc is installed near the cutting knife assembly 7 in the middle of the cutting platform 15. After the cutting knife assembly 7 separates the sunflower disc from the stem, it is sent into the sunflower disc conveyor 9 by the reel 33. A transition shaft 8 is rotatably installed above the middle of the cutting platform 15. A pressure disc device 3 for guiding the sunflower disc to move downward is rotatably installed on the transition shaft 8. A threshing mechanism 11 for threshing is installed at the rear end of the cutting platform 15. The sunflower disc conveyor 9 and the threshing mechanism The sunflower discs are connected to each other by a feeding transition plate 10, and the sunflower discs are transported to one end near the feeding transition plate 10 by the sunflower disc conveyor 9, and then the sunflower discs are automatically transitioned to the threshing mechanism 11. A transverse conveyor 18 fixed to the cutting platform 15 is provided below the threshing mechanism 11. The transverse conveyor 18 is used to collect the threshed sunflower seeds and transport them to other mechanisms, such as a sunflower seed collection box installed on a harvester. A sunflower disc conveyor box 13 is installed at one end of the threshing mechanism 11. The sunflower disc conveyor box 13 is used to transport the threshed sunflower discs to other mechanisms. For example, the sunflower tray storage box installed on the harvester has a first power input shaft 17 and a second power input shaft 19 rotatably mounted on both sides of the rear end of the cutting platform 15 via bearing blocks. The first power input shaft 17 is connected to the threshing mechanism 11 and the transverse conveyor 18 via a chain drive. The threshing mechanism 11 is connected to the reversing box 6 via a belt drive. The second power input shaft 19 is connected to the stem pulling roller 5 and the sunflower tray conveyor 9 via a chain drive. The first and second power input shafts 17, 19 are connected to the power mechanism on the harvester via a transmission connection to achieve power transmission. The power is rationally distributed: the first power input shaft 17 drives threshing, transverse conveying, and cutting, while the second power input shaft 19 drives the stem pulling roller 5 and the sunflower tray conveyor 9. This provides a clear division of labor and high transmission efficiency. During the harvesting process, the sunflower stalks, driven by the straw divider 2, pass through the channel. The guard plate 32 tilts the stalks forward. As the machine continues to advance, the stalks are pulled downward by the stem-pulling roller 5 they come into contact with. Simultaneously, the sunflower discs, driven by the reel 33, move backward, passing through the cutting blades 79 and separating them from the stalks. Finally, the spiral auger 92 and the second shift plate 93 transport the discs to the threshing mechanism 11. All key components (stalk separation, cutting, transport, threshing, and separation) are highly integrated within a single header frame, resulting in a compact structure that easily connects to the main machine, achieving true "harvesting and threshing in one."The front-end gentle threshing method (rolling + friction) and rapid separation keep the sunflower disc relatively intact and improve the recycling rate.

[0043] like Figure 1 、 Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a crop divider 2 is rotatably mounted on one end away from the cutter assembly 7. The rotating crop divider 1 prevents sunflower stalks from getting stuck in the pointed cone at the end of the crop divider 2, ensuring effective feeding of tilted plants and reducing seed loss. Brushes 14 are provided on both sides of the cutter assembly 7 to prevent seed from falling. The provision of brushes 14 between the crop divider 2 and the crop divider 2 ensures smooth passage of sunflower stalks while preventing seed from falling. Sunflowers in various states can be harvested, demonstrating strong adaptability.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, a support rod 4 supporting the straw divider 2 is fixed at the front end of the cutting platform frame 15. One end of the support rod 4 is fixed under the straw divider 2, and the other end of the support rod 4 is installed on the cutting platform frame 15 to reinforce and support the straw divider 2 to prevent the front end of the straw divider 2 from tilting downward and being damaged by excessive force when it is suspended in the air.

[0045] like Figure 13As shown, in this embodiment, the cutting knife assembly 7 includes a fixed base 71 fixed to the cutting platform frame 15, and a power shaft 72 is rotatably mounted on the fixed base 71 through a bearing, and a rotating wheel disc 73 is fixed to one end of the power shaft 72. A side arm is provided on one side of the fixed base 71, and an upper curved arm 75 is rotatably mounted on the side arm. A connecting rod 74 and a lower curved arm 76 are rotatably mounted on the other end of the upper curved arm 75 through a pin shaft. The end of the connecting rod 74 away from the upper curved arm 75 is rotatably mounted on the eccentric position of the side wall of the rotating wheel disc 73 through a bearing, and the end of the lower curved arm 76 away from the upper curved arm 75 is fixed to a slider 77 through a pin shaft. The slider 77 is installed together with a sliding bar 78 slidably mounted on the cutting platform frame 15 through a detachable connection, and the sliding bar 78 is detachably mounted. The detachable connection is equipped with several cutting knives 79, which correspond to the cutting positions of the divider 2. The power shaft 72 is connected to the power output end of the reversing box 6. The reversing box 6 has a bevel gear set or a worm gear transmission set inside, which can adjust the power by 90° and output it. The power transmitted by the harvester drives the power shaft 72 to rotate through the reversing box 6, and the power shaft 72 drives the connecting rod 74 to move in a circular arc, thereby driving the upper curved arm 75 to move back and forth, so that it converts the motion trajectory to the lower curved arm 76, and the lower curved arm 73 drives the slider 77 to move back and forth. The detachable connection between the slider 77 and the sliding bar 78 is preferably a bolt connection or a snap connection; the detachable connection between the cutting knife 79 and the sliding bar 78 is preferably a bolt connection. The power shaft 72, the rotating wheel 73, the connecting rod 74, the upper crank arm 75, the lower crank arm 76 and the slider 77 form a swing box (eccentric connecting rod mechanism). Most of the existing harvester cutting tables use a swing ring box or a crank box. The reason for replacing the swing ring box with a swing box is: compared with the swing box, the swing ring box is large in size and heavy in weight, and the installation position requires a strong bearing capacity. The swing box has a simple structure, small size, weight and economic benefits. After replacing the swing box, the position of the sunflower plate conveyor 9 and the threshing mechanism 11 is shortened, and the feeding of the sunflower plate is smoother and more efficient.

[0046] like Figure 2 、 Figure 14 As shown, in this embodiment, a knife guard 16 for protecting the cutting knife 79 is fixed at the position corresponding to the cutting knife 79 on the cutting frame 15. The knife guard 16 is formed with a slideway that cooperates with the sliding bar 78, and a U-shaped blade protection structure arranged parallel to the cutting knife 79. When the cutting knife 79 reciprocates, it passes through the U-shaped structure, cooperates with the reciprocating motion of the cutting knife 79 to complete the cutting and protect the cutting knife 79, and at the same time cleans the stems clamped on the cutting knife 79.

[0047] like Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, a plurality of groups of tooth plates 51 are fixed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the stem pulling roller 5, each group of tooth plates 51 includes at least one metal plate, and each group of tooth plates 51 is arranged opposite the center of two adjacent straw dividers 2. The tooth plates 51 are arranged in a spiral shape along the axial direction of the stem pulling roller 5 or parallel to the axis for biting the sunflower stalks.

[0048] like Figure 1 、 Figure 16 As shown, in this embodiment, the pressure plate device 3 includes an upper fixed frame 31 rotatably mounted on the transition shaft 8, and an outwardly protruding arc-shaped arc plate 32 is fixed on the end of the upper fixed frame 31 away from the transition shaft 8. A hydraulic rod 34 for driving the pressure plate device 3 to pitch and swing is hingedly mounted on the end of the upper fixed frame 31 close to the transition shaft 8, and the other end of the hydraulic rod 34 is hingedly mounted on the cutting platform frame 15. A reel 33 is rotatably mounted on the end of the upper fixed frame 31 close to the arc plate 32 through a bearing seat, which actively pushes the cut sunflower discs into the sunflower disc conveyor 9, effectively solving the problem of missed harvesting or poor feeding of tilted plants, and ensuring complete threshing. A transition gear is installed at the end of the transition shaft 8, and the reel 33 is connected to the sunflower disc conveyor 9 by installing two chains on the transition shaft 8. The extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod 34 can drive the pressure plate device 3 (upper fixed frame 31 and reel 33) to rotate around the transition shaft 8 within a predetermined angle range (adjustable angle of ±30° with the horizontal plane) to adapt to sunflower plants of different heights.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, side baffles 35 for protecting the two sides of the cutting platform are installed on both sides of the reel 33 by bolts, thereby protecting the two sides of the cutting platform and preventing the sunflower disc from falling.

[0050] like Figure 7 As shown in (a), in this embodiment, the reel 33 includes a roller 331 with a chain connected to one end for transmission. At least two fixed plates 332 are welded in a circular array on the outer circumference of the roller 331. The fixed plates 332 are arranged along the length direction of the roller 331. A plurality of mounting frames 333 are installed at equal intervals on each fixed plate 332. A first shift plate 334 is installed on the end of the mounting frame 333 away from the roller 331 through a detachable connection. The first shift plate 334 is a metal plate or a rubber plate or plastic plate with a certain elasticity. The use of the rubber plate can protect the grains from being damaged. The end of the first shift plate 334 is bent toward the sunflower tray conveyor 9. The spacing between adjacent first shift plates 334 in the circumferential direction of the roller 331 is 100 mm to 300 mm. During the rotation of the reel 33, the sunflower tray is shifted and transported into the sunflower tray conveyor 9.

[0051] like Figure 7As shown in (b), another preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the reel 33 includes a roller 331 with a chain transmission connection at one end, and a plurality of mounting frames 333 are spirally fixed on the outer circumference of the roller 331 along the length direction, and the first shift plate 334 is installed on the end of the mounting frame 333 away from the roller 331 through a detachable connection. The first shift plate 334 is a rubber plate or plastic plate with a certain elasticity. The use of the rubber plate can protect the grains from being damaged, and the end thereof is bent toward the sunflower tray conveyor 9. The spacing between adjacent first shift plates 334 in the circumferential direction of the roller 331 is 100mm to 200mm. During the rotation of the reel 33, the sunflower tray is shifted and transported into the sunflower tray conveyor 9. The first shift plates 334 arranged at small intervals are suitable for planting fields with irregular planting patterns, and can improve the sunflower tray conveying efficiency when combined with the reel divider.

[0052] like Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the sunflower disc conveyor 9 includes an arc-shaped outer cylinder, in which an auger shaft 91 is rotatably installed through a bearing seat, one end of the auger shaft 91 is connected to a chain for transmission, and 2-4 second shift plates 93 for shifting the sunflower discs toward the feeding transition plate 10 are welded on the outer wall of the end of the auger shaft 91 close to the feeding transition plate 10, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the auger shaft, and the width of the second shift plates 93 is 400-600mm. A spiral auger 92 for axially conveying the sunflower discs is fixed on the outer wall of the other end of the auger shaft 91, and the pitch of the spiral auger 92 is 200mm to 500mm. The gap between the outer diameter of the blade and the inner wall of the arc-shaped outer cylinder is 10mm to 30mm. Combined with axial conveying (spiral auger 92) and radial shifting (second shift plate 93), the sunflower discs are quickly and orderly conveyed from the front of the cutting table to the feeding transition plate 10 at the middle and rear.

[0053] like Figure 9As shown, in this embodiment, the threshing mechanism 11 includes a coaxially arranged spiral conveying part 111 and a spiral rolling threshing part 112, the spiral conveying part 111 is located above the feeding transition plate 10 and is connected to the first power input shaft 17 through a chain transmission, and a concave screen 113 installed on the cutting platform 15 is provided below the spiral rolling threshing part 112. The concave screen 113 is a grid screen or a punched screen, and the screen holes are long strip holes or round holes. The screen hole width or diameter is 8mm to 15mm. The spiral conveying part 111 is composed of a small roller and a spiral blade with a larger pitch welded on its outer wall. The main function is to push the sunflower plate to move it toward the spiral rolling threshing part 112 to achieve stable feeding of the sunflower plate; The rotary rolling threshing section 112 consists of a large roller and small threshing tubes welded on the outer wall of the large roller in a spiral shape. The gap between the outer edge of the large roller and the upper surface of the concave screen 113 is adjustable from 5mm to 20mm. The gap constitutes a rolling threshing channel. The connection between the small roller and the large roller is a transition cone tube. The diameter of the small threshing tube is 20-25mm, and the diameter of the large roller is 300-350mm. The spiral rolling threshing section 112 cooperates with the concave screen 113 below to achieve gentle but effective threshing through the squeezing, kneading of the spiral blades and the friction of the concave screen 113, which balances the threshing rate and the integrity of the grains / sunflower discs. The concave screen 113 allows the threshed grains to be separated and fall in time and enter the transverse conveyor 18.

[0054] In this embodiment, a slot for filtering sunflower seeds is formed in the middle of the feeding transition plate 10. The slot is a long strip or round hole with a width or diameter of 6mm to 12mm. Before the sunflower disc enters the threshing mechanism 11, some of the fallen seeds can be screened into the transverse conveyor 18 in advance through the slot, reducing the load of the threshing mechanism 11, reducing the residence time of the seeds in the threshing chamber, and reducing the risk of breakage. Figure 11 As shown, the feeding transition plate 10 includes a mounting frame, and a number of steel bars are fixed at equal intervals in the middle of the mounting frame. The steel bars can be arranged side by side horizontally or vertically, and filter slots are formed between the steel bars to filter the grains.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a sunflower disc wheel 131 is provided in the sunflower disc conveying box 13, which rotates coaxially with the spiral rolling threshing part 112. The sunflower disc wheel 131 is fixedly mounted on the terminal shaft of the spiral rolling threshing part 112 and rotates along with the shaft. Its structure is a disc with 2 to 6 radial blades. A conveyor belt with one end extending to the lower side of the sunflower disc wheel 131 is fixed on one side of the harvester. The other end of the conveyor belt is connected to the sunflower disc storage box. The sunflower disc wheel 131 quickly throws the complete sunflower disc after threshing onto the conveyor belt and transports it to the storage box at the rear end of the harvester through the conveyor belt, thereby realizing the separation and collection of the sunflower disc and the grains. Figure 15As shown, a transition wheel 132 connected to the sunflower disk wheel 131 through a chain drive is rotatably installed in the sunflower disk conveying box 13. The sunflower disk can be driven to approach the outlet of the sunflower disk conveying box 13 by the transmission of the sunflower disk wheel 131 and the transition wheel 132. At this time, when installing the conveyor belt, it is not necessary to install the end of the conveyor belt on the lower side of the sunflower disk wheel 131 inside the sunflower disk conveying box 13, which is convenient for the coordinated installation of the cutting platform and the conveyor belt.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, an auger is provided in the transverse conveyor 18, one end of which is connected to the threshing mechanism 11 through a chain, and a grain outlet 20 is provided at a position corresponding to the end of the auger below the transverse conveyor 18. The grain outlet 20 is connected to the entrance of the cleaning device at the rear of the harvester through an elevator or a conveyor belt. The grain outlet 20 can be located at one end or the middle of the transverse conveyor 18. If the grain outlet 20 is in the middle of the transverse conveyor 18, a bidirectional auger must be used as the auger inside the transverse conveyor 18 to push the grains toward the grain outlet. The transverse conveyor 18 will transport the removed grains to the grain outlet 20 and enter the cleaning device installed at the rear end of the harvester.

[0057] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when in use, the header is installed at the front end of the harvester, the first power input shaft 17 and the second power input shaft 19 are connected to the engine of the harvester, and the operation of each component of the header is transmitted to the header cutting components by the power of the engine at the rear end of the harvester. The whole set of harvesting, cutting and threshing work is completed synchronously as the harvester continues to move forward. Figure 16 As shown, the sunflower plants are guided into the straw divider 2 by the straw dividing wheel 1, and the height of the guard plate is hydraulically adjusted according to the height of the sunflower so that the plants reach the stem pulling roller 5 in a suitable posture. The sunflower discs are adjusted to a uniform direction by the stem pulling roller 5, and the plants are cut off by the cutting knife assembly 7 driven by the reversing box 6. The sunflower discs are sent into the sunflower disc conveyor 9 by the straw wheel 33, and then sent into the feeding transition plate 10 through the sunflower disc conveyor 9 for preliminary threshing. The threshing is then completed by friction between the spiral rolling threshing part 112 and the concave screen 113. The threshed sunflower discs are transported to the storage box at the rear end of the harvester via the sunflower disc throwing wheel 131 in the sunflower disc conveying box 13. The threshed sunflower seeds pass through the concave screen 113 and fall onto the transverse conveyor 18, and enter the cleaning device at the rear of the harvester from the lower end outlet 20 for screening.

[0058] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0059] 1. Greatly shorten the conveying path: significantly reduce the collision, friction and vibration of the sunflower tray during the conveying process.

[0060] 2. Reduce the scratch rate and improve the appearance: the grain skin is less damaged and the commodity value is increased.

[0061] 3. Reduce grain loss: the transportation process is short and the loss of grain falling is small.

[0062] 4. Improve the integrity of the sunflower disc: The front threshing adopts the "spiral crushing" method (compared with the strong impact at the back end), combined with the concave screen friction threshing, which causes less damage to the sunflower disc, is conducive to the recovery of the sunflower disc (such as feed or fuel), and improves the recovery rate.

[0063] 5. Avoid artificial drying: Threshing directly in the field completely eliminates the steps of cutting and inserting trays for drying, eliminates the risk of rot caused by weather, and ensures the harvest.

[0064] 6. Specially designed for the characteristics of sunflowers, it has a qualitative leap in adaptability, work quality and efficiency compared to modified wheat / corn headers.

[0065] Components not described in detail herein are prior art.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A harvester header for harvesting and threshing, comprising a header frame (15), a plurality of straw dividers (2) are fixed side by side below the front end of the header frame (15), a stem pulling roller (5) rotatably mounted on the header frame (15) is provided below the straw dividers (2), a cutter assembly (7) for separating the sunflower disc from the stem is installed between the straw dividers (2) and the stem pulling roller (5), one end of the cutter assembly (7) is connected to a reversing box (6) for driving the cutter assembly (7) to work, a traction frame (12) connected to the harvester body is fixed to the rear side below the header frame (15), and the characteristics are: A sunflower tray conveyor (9) for receiving sunflower trays is installed at a position near the cutting knife assembly (7) in the middle of the cutting platform (15), a transition shaft (8) is rotatably installed above the middle of the cutting platform (15), a pressure plate device (3) for guiding the sunflower trays to move downward is rotatably installed on the transition shaft (8), a threshing mechanism (11) for threshing is installed at the rear end of the cutting platform (15), the sunflower tray conveyor (9) and the threshing mechanism (11) are connected together by a feeding transition plate (10), and a fixed plate is provided below the threshing mechanism (11). A transverse conveyor (18) is mounted on the cutting platform (15), and a sunflower tray conveyor box (13) is installed at one end of the threshing mechanism (11). A first power input shaft (17) and a second power input shaft (19) are rotatably mounted on both sides of the rear end of the cutting platform (15) through a bearing seat. The first power input shaft (17) is connected to the threshing mechanism (11), the transverse conveyor (18), and the reversing box (6) by transmission. The second power input shaft (19) is connected to the stem pulling roller (5) and the sunflower tray conveyor (9) by transmission.

2. The harvester header for harvesting and threshing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grain dividing wheel (1) is rotatably mounted on one end of the grain divider (2) away from the cutter assembly (7), and brushes (14) for preventing grains from falling are provided on both sides of the cutter assembly (7).

3. The harvester header for harvesting and threshing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting knife assembly (7) includes a fixed base (71) fixed on the cutting platform (15), a power shaft (72) is rotatably mounted on the fixed base (71) through a bearing, a rotating wheel (73) is fixed to one end of the power shaft (72), a side arm is provided on one side of the fixed base (71), an upper curved arm (75) is rotatably mounted on the side arm, and a connecting rod (74) and a lower curved arm (76) are rotatably mounted on the other end of the upper curved arm (75) through a pin shaft, and the connecting rod (74) is away from the upper curved arm ( One end of the lower crank arm (75) is rotatably mounted on the eccentric position of the side wall of the rotating wheel (73) through a bearing, and one end of the lower crank arm (76) away from the upper crank arm (75) is fixed with a slider (77) through a pin shaft, and the slider (77) is installed together with a sliding bar (78) slidably mounted on the cutting platform frame (15) through a detachable connection, and a plurality of cutting knives (79) are installed on the sliding bar (78) through a detachable connection, and the cutting knives (79) correspond to the cutting positions of the grain divider (2).

4. The harvester header integrated with harvesting and threshing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A knife guard (16) for protecting the cutting knife (79) is fixed on the cutting platform frame (15) at a position corresponding to the cutting knife (79).

5. The harvester header integrated with harvesting and threshing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several groups of tooth plates (51) are fixed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the stem pulling roller (5), each group of the tooth plates (51) includes at least one metal plate, and each group of the tooth plates (51) is arranged facing the center of two adjacent straw dividers (2).

6. The harvester header integrated with harvesting and threshing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure plate device (3) comprises an upper fixing frame (31) rotatably mounted on the transition shaft (8); an outwardly protruding arc plate (32) is fixed to one end of the upper fixing frame (31) away from the transition shaft (8); a hydraulic rod (34) for driving the pressure plate device (3) to pitch and swing is hingedly mounted on one end of the upper fixing frame (31) close to the transition shaft (8); a reel (33) is rotatably mounted on one end of the upper fixing frame (31) close to the arc plate (32) through a bearing seat; and the reel (33) is transmission-connected to the sunflower plate conveyor (9).

7. The harvester header integrated with harvesting and threshing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reel (33) comprises a roller (331), at least two fixing plates (332) are welded in an annular array on the outer circumference of the roller (331), the fixing plates (332) are arranged along the length direction of the roller (331), and a plurality of mounting frames (333) are mounted at equal intervals on each of the fixing plates (332), and a first shifting plate (334) is mounted on one end of the mounting frame (333) away from the roller (331) through a detachable connection.

8. The harvester header integrated with harvesting and threshing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sunflower disc conveyor (9) comprises an arc-shaped outer cylinder, in which an auger shaft (91) is rotatably mounted, and at least one second shifting plate (93) for shifting the sunflower disc toward the feeding transition plate (10) is welded on the outer wall of one end of the auger shaft (91) close to the feeding transition plate (10), and a spiral auger (92) for axially conveying the sunflower disc is fixed on the outer wall of the other end of the auger shaft (91).

9. The harvester header integrated with harvesting and threshing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threshing mechanism (11) comprises a coaxially arranged spiral conveying portion (111) and a spiral rolling threshing portion (112), wherein the spiral conveying portion (111) is located above the feeding transition plate (10), and a concave screen (113) mounted on the cutting platform (15) is provided below the spiral rolling threshing portion (112).

10. The harvester header integrated with harvesting and threshing according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auger is provided in the transverse conveyor (18), and a particle outlet (20) is provided below the transverse conveyor (18) at a position corresponding to the end of the auger.

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