Multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and discloses a multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor which comprises a splitter plate and splitter holes formed in the top of the splitter plate and distributed in an array mode, and further comprises an adjusting assembly which specifically comprises a containing container arranged on the inner wall of a top cover. The liquid supplementing holes and the overflow holes are formed in the outer side of the containing container in a penetrating mode and distributed in an annular array mode, the adjusting column is arranged at the bottom of the containing container in a penetrating mode, and the floating block is arranged at the end, penetrating out of the containing container, of the adjusting column. According to the multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor, by arranging the adjusting assembly, when liquid is injected, the liquid firstly flows into the containing container and flows out of the liquid supplementing hole and the overflow hole, the lower closed ring and the upper closed ring move upwards along with rising of the liquid level, when the liquid reaches the standard height, the liquid only flows out of the overflow hole to reach the stable state, and when liquid supply equipment has instantaneous errors, the liquid supply equipment is not damaged. And the storage function of the container can be adjusted, so that the flow fluctuation of the container cannot act on the upper part of the splitter plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular to a multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor. Background Art

[0002] Falling film liquid distributor is a key component used in equipment such as falling film evaporators and falling film heat exchangers. Its function is to evenly distribute the liquid on the surface of the heat exchange tube or evaporator tube to form a uniform liquid film to improve the heat exchange efficiency. Falling film liquid distributors are divided into gravity liquid distributors and pressure liquid distributors. Among them, the gravity liquid distributor mainly relies on the gravity of the refrigerant itself to make the liquid flow from the liquid distributor to the surface of the evaporator tube or heat exchange tube. Under the combined action of gravity and surface tension, the liquid spreads on the tube surface to form a uniform thin liquid film.

[0003] Patent publication number CN219756695U discloses a vertical falling film evaporator comprising: a tube shell arranged in a vertical direction, a first tube sheet disposed at the upper end of the tube shell, a liquid separation chamber defined between the first tube sheet and the top wall of the tube shell, and a second tube sheet disposed at the lower end of the tube shell; a liquid collecting box disposed at the lower end of the tube shell, fixedly connected to the second tube sheet and defining a liquid collecting chamber; heat exchange tubes comprising opposing liquid inlet and gas outlet ends, the liquid inlet end extending through the first tube sheet and the gas outlet end extending through the second tube sheet, the heat exchange tubes connecting the liquid separation chamber and the liquid collecting chamber; and a flow guide inserted into the liquid inlet end. The flow guide comprises a cylindrical portion and a protrusion, the protrusion extending axially along the cylindrical portion and protruding from the sidewall surface of the cylindrical portion and abutting against the interior of the heat exchange tube, forming a refrigerant flow channel between the sidewall surface of the cylindrical portion and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube. This application can avoid the problem of uneven refrigerant distribution in falling film evaporators.

[0004] The existing technology has the following defects:

[0005] When using the falling film liquid distributor, the thickness of the thin liquid film needs to be precisely controlled, with an error at the millimeter level. When inputting liquid into the equipment, the power equipment may experience temporary abnormalities due to jamming or voltage fluctuations, resulting in instantaneous errors (the flow rate is too large or too small in a short period of time), amplitude of the input liquid flow, or vibrations generated by the operation of the equipment causing fluctuations in the liquid in the equipment, which affects the state of the liquid flowing into the evaporator tube or heat exchange tube, resulting in "broken film" or "full tube" situations. A full tube will affect processing efficiency, while a full tube may cause damage to the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the problem that the existing technology has unstable liquid flow and may cause "film breakage" or "full tube" problems, a multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor is proposed.

[0007] The present application provides a multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor, the purpose of which is to ensure continuous and stable flow of liquid.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is: a multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor for regulating the liquid state in the evaporator and the top cover, comprising a diverter plate, diverter holes arranged in an array on the top of the diverter plate, and a regulating assembly, wherein the regulating assembly specifically comprises a container arranged on the inner wall of the top cover, liquid replenishment holes and overflow holes arranged in an annular array and extending through the outside of the container, a regulating column interspersed with the bottom of the container, a floating block arranged at one end of the regulating column extending through the container, two sets of connecting rods arranged on the outside of the regulating column, and a lower sealing ring and an upper sealing ring respectively provided at the end of the two sets of connecting rods away from the regulating column;

[0009] Partition plates are provided at both upper and lower ends of the evaporator, a pipe is installed between the two partition plates, and the pipe extends out of the partition plates, the liquid filling hole is located below the overflow hole, the lower closed ring is located below the liquid filling hole, and the upper closed ring is located below the overflow hole.

[0010] Furthermore, an outer receiving groove is provided on the inner bottom wall of the container, the lower closed ring is received in the outer receiving groove, and the liquid replenishing hole is flush with the bottom surface of the container.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly further includes an inner receiving groove provided on the inner bottom wall of the container, a fixed ring and a sliding ring provided on the outer side of the adjustment column, a compression spring provided on the outer side of the fixed ring and the sliding ring, a through hole provided on the outer wall of the container, and a limiting rod provided on the inner side of the through hole;

[0012] The connecting rod is connected to the adjustment column via a sliding ring, the sliding ring and the compression spring are slidably sleeved on the outside of the adjustment column, the fixed ring, the sliding ring and the compression spring are all located in the inner receiving groove, and the through hole is located above the liquid replenishing hole. The limiting rod extends into the inner side of the container.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly further includes a sliding groove provided on the inner wall of the outer receiving groove, a clamping groove provided on the inner side of the lower closed ring, a clamping block and a push spring provided on the inner side of the sliding groove, a hollow tube provided on the bottom of the container, a sliding rod provided on the inner side of the hollow tube, and an air bag provided on the bottom of the hollow tube;

[0014] The sliding groove is docked with the card slot, and the card block extends into the card slot. A guiding slope is provided on the top of one end of the card block extending into the card slot. A sliding groove is provided at the bottom of the card block, and a pushing slope is provided on the top of the sliding groove. The hollow tube extends into the sliding groove, and the sliding rod presses on the surface of the pushing slope.

[0015] Furthermore, the floating block is in the shape of a truncated cone with a larger top and a smaller bottom.

[0016] Furthermore, the volume of the containing container is not less than one fifth of the inner volume of the top cover, and the height of the overflow hole does not exceed the horizontal mid-plane of the containing container.

[0017] Furthermore, sensors for detecting liquid level are provided in the liquid replenishing hole and the overflow hole.

[0018] Furthermore, the diversion holes are arranged around the pipes extending out of the surface of the partition plate, and the number of diversion holes surrounding the outside of each pipe is the same.

[0019] Furthermore, a flow guide is provided inside the diversion hole, and the flow guide specifically includes a flow sleeve plugged into the inside of the diversion hole, a guide rod provided at the bottom of the sliding rod, and a communication hole opened on the outside of the flow sleeve;

[0020] The flow sleeve is communicated with the diversion hole, and the guide rod extends to the top of the partition plate.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] 1. By setting up the regulating component, when the liquid is injected, it will first flow into the container and flow out from the liquid infusion hole and the overflow hole. As the liquid level rises, the lower closing ring and the upper closing ring move upward. When the liquid reaches the specified height, the liquid infusion hole is closed, and the liquid only flows out through the overflow hole to reach a stable state. When a transient error occurs in the liquid supply equipment, the storage function of the container can be adjusted so that its flow fluctuation will not act on the top of the diverter plate. When the vibration of the equipment itself causes the liquid storage above the diverter plate to fluctuate, the opening and closing of the liquid infusion hole and the overflow hole can be used to achieve regulation and keep it in a stable state, thus avoiding the occurrence of "broken membrane" or "full tube" situations.

[0023] 2. By setting up the adjustment component, when the lower closing ring and the upper closing ring move with the adjustment column, after the lower closing ring closes the fluid filling hole, it is restricted in movement by the limit rod, while the upper closing ring is not affected. In this way, the fluid filling hole can always be in a sealed state, and there is no need to widen the lower closing ring, making the equipment more convenient and stable to use.

[0024] 3. By setting up the adjustment component, the block limits the movement of the lower closed ring, so that when the liquid is initially replenished or the liquid stock on the diverter plate is too little, the liquid in the container can flow out at full speed, ensuring the efficiency of the equipment. The airbag is squeezed, causing the block to unlock the lower closed ring, causing the lower closed ring to move upward to close the liquid replenishment hole, ensuring the complete function of the equipment.

[0025] 4. By setting up the adjustment component, the block limits the movement of the lower closed ring, so that when the liquid is initially replenished or the liquid stock on the diverter plate is too little, the liquid in the container can flow out at full speed, ensuring the efficiency of the equipment. The airbag is squeezed, causing the block to unlock the lower closed ring, causing the lower closed ring to move upward to close the liquid replenishment hole, ensuring the complete function of the equipment.

[0026] 5. By standardizing the arrangement of the diversion holes, the liquid flowing from the diversion holes is gathered from the surrounding to the central pipe. This not only ensures that each pipe obtains a uniform flow rate, but also helps the liquid flow along the inner wall of the pipe to form a stable falling film.

[0027] 6. By setting up the guide piece, after the liquid flows into the circulation sleeve from the diversion hole, it flows out from the connecting hole and flows downward along the guide rod to the top of the partition plate, so that the liquid flows more smoothly and reduces the impact when the liquid flows into the pipeline. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a disassembly diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a disassembled diagram of the adjustment assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the lower closed loop and the upper closed loop of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the top cover of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the adjustment assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Cross-sectional view at point A;

[0035] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Cross-sectional view at point B;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a top view of the diverter plate of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Cross-sectional view at CC;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the diverter plate of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the flow guide of the present invention.

[0040] In the picture:

[0041] 1. Evaporator; 11. Partition plate; 2. Top cover; 3. Diverter plate; 31. Diverter hole; 32. Guide piece; 321. Circulation sleeve; 322. Guide rod; 323. Connecting hole; 4. Adjustment assembly; 41. Container; 42. Liquid filling hole; 43. Overflow hole; 44. Adjustment column; 45. Float; 46. Connecting rod; 47. Lower closing ring; 48. Upper closing ring; 49. Outer receiving groove; 410. Inner receiving groove; 411. Fixed ring; 412. Sliding ring; 413. Compression spring; 414. Through hole; 415. Limit rod; 416. Sliding groove; 417. Card slot; 418. Card block; 419. Push spring; 420. Hollow tube; 421. Sliding rod; 422. Airbag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Example 1, with reference to Figure 1-8 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor for regulating the liquid state in the evaporator 1 and the top cover 2, including a diverter plate 3, diverter holes 31 distributed in an array on the top of the diverter plate 3, and an adjustment component 4. The adjustment component 4 specifically includes a container 41 arranged on the inner wall of the top cover 2, liquid replenishment holes 42 and overflow holes 43 distributed in an annular array and extending through the outside of the container 41, an adjustment column 44 interspersed with the bottom of the container 41, a floating block 45 arranged at one end of the adjustment column 44 extending through the container 41, two groups of connecting rods 46 arranged on the outside of the adjustment column 44, and a lower sealing ring 47 and an upper sealing ring 48 respectively provided at the end of the two groups of connecting rods 46 away from the adjustment column 44.

[0044] Partition plates 11 are provided at both ends of the evaporator 1 and fixed by bolts. A pipe is installed between the two partition plates 11, and the pipe extends out of the partition plate 11. The outside of the evaporator 1 is fixedly connected with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe. The top cover 2 is fixed to the top of the evaporator 1 by bolts, covering the diverter plate 3 and the adjustment component 4. The container 41 is fixed to the top cover 2 by bolts. The top of the top cover 2 is fixedly connected with a liquid inlet pipe, which is connected to the liquid supply equipment. The liquid replenishment hole 42 is located below the overflow hole 43, and the adjustment column 44 is slidably installed on the container. At the central axis of the container 41, the float 45 is threadedly connected to the adjusting column 44, the lower closing ring 47 is located below the liquid filling hole 42, and the lower closing ring 47 can move upward to close the liquid filling hole 42, and the upper closing ring 48 is located below the overflow hole 43, and the upper closing ring 48 can move upward to close the overflow hole 43. The float 45 can lift the adjusting column 44 to float above the injected liquid, and sensors for detecting the liquid level are provided in the liquid filling hole 42 and the overflow hole 43, so as to facilitate the control of the flow rate of the liquid supply equipment. The float 45 is in the shape of a truncated cone with a larger top and a smaller bottom.

[0045] By setting up the regulating component 4, when the liquid is injected, it will first flow into the holding container 41 and flow out from the liquid filling hole 42 and the overflow hole 43. As the liquid level rises, the lower closed ring 47 and the upper closed ring 48 move upward. When the liquid reaches the specified height, the liquid filling hole 42 is closed, and the liquid only flows out through the overflow hole 43 to reach a stable state. When a transient error occurs in the liquid supply equipment, the storage function of the holding container 41 can be adjusted so that its flow fluctuation will not act on the top of the diverter plate 3. When the vibration of the equipment itself causes fluctuations in the stored liquid above the diverter plate 3, the opening and closing of the liquid filling hole 42 and the overflow hole 43 can be used to achieve regulation and keep it in a stable state, thereby avoiding the occurrence of "broken membrane" or "full tube" situations.

[0046] Specifically, an outer receiving groove 49 is opened on the inner bottom wall of the container 41, and the lower closed ring 47 is received in the outer receiving groove 49. The liquid replenishing hole 42 is flush with the bottom surface of the container 41, and the outer receiving groove 49 is opened along the inner wall contour of the container 41, so that all the liquid in the container 41 can flow out to avoid accumulation.

[0047] The adjustment assembly 4 also includes an inner receiving groove 410 opened on the inner bottom wall of the container 41, a fixed ring 411 and a sliding ring 412 arranged on the outside of the adjustment column 44, a compression spring 413 arranged on the outside of the fixed ring 411 and the sliding ring 412, a through hole 414 opened on the outer wall of the container 41, and a limiting rod 415 arranged on the inside of the through hole 414.

[0048] The inner receiving groove 410 is arranged concentrically with the containing container 41, the fixing ring 411 is fixed to the adjusting column 44 by bolts, the connecting rod 46 is connected to the adjusting column 44 by the sliding ring 412, the sliding ring 412 and the compression spring 413 are all slidably sleeved on the outside of the adjusting column 44, the fixing ring 411, the sliding ring 412 and the compression spring 413 are all located in the inner receiving groove 410, the through hole 414 is located above the liquid replenishing hole 42, the limiting rod 415 extends into the inner side of the containing container 41, the height difference between the liquid replenishing hole 42 and the overflow hole 43 is less than the peak-to-valley difference of the standard height, and the influence of the elastic force of the compression spring 413 on the buoyancy needs to be considered here.

[0049] By setting up the adjustment component 4, when the lower sealing ring 47 and the upper sealing ring 48 move together with the adjustment column 44, the lower sealing ring 47 is restricted in movement by the limit rod 415 after closing the liquid filling hole 42, while the upper sealing ring 48 is not affected. In this way, the liquid filling hole 42 can always be in a sealed state, and there is no need to widen the lower sealing ring 47, making the equipment more convenient and stable to use.

[0050] Specifically, the adjustment component 4 also includes a sliding groove 416 opened on the inner wall of the outer receiving groove 49, a clamping groove 417 opened on the inner side of the lower closed ring 47, a clamping block 418 and a push spring 419 arranged on the inner side of the sliding groove 416, a hollow tube 420 inserted and arranged at the bottom of the container 41, a sliding rod 421 arranged on the inner side of the hollow tube 420, and an airbag 422 arranged at the bottom of the hollow tube 420.

[0051] The sliding groove 416 is docked with the card slot 417, and the card block 418 extends into the card slot 417. The top of the end of the card block 418 extending into the card slot 417 is provided with a guiding slope. The bottom of the card block 418 is provided with a sliding groove, and the top of the sliding groove is provided with a pushing slope. The hollow tube 420 extends into the sliding groove 416, and the sliding rod 421 presses on the surface of the pushing slope. The airbag 422 is connected to the hollow tube 420. When the airbag 422 is immersed in liquid, it will be squeezed and deflated by the liquid. The height of the airbag 422 is the same as the standard height.

[0052] By setting up the adjustment component 4, the block 418 limits the movement of the lower closed ring 47, so that when the liquid is initially replenished or the liquid stock on the diverter plate 3 is too little, the liquid in the container 41 can flow out at full speed, ensuring the efficiency of the equipment. The airbag 422 is squeezed, causing the block 418 to unlock the lower closed ring 47, causing the lower closed ring 47 to move upward to close the liquid replenishment hole 42, ensuring the complete function of the equipment.

[0053] Specifically, the volume of the container 41 is not less than one fifth of the inner volume of the top cover 2, and the height of the overflow hole 43 does not exceed the horizontal mid-plane of the container 41, thus ensuring that the container 41 has sufficient adjustment space.

[0054] Example 2, reference Figure 1-Figure 2 、 Figures 9-12 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the diversion holes 31 are arranged around the pipes extending out of the surface of the partition plate 11, and the number of diversion holes 31 surrounding the outside of each pipe is the same.

[0055] By standardizing the arrangement of the diversion holes 31, the liquid flowing from the diversion holes 31 is gathered from the surrounding to the central pipe. This not only ensures that each pipe obtains a uniform flow rate, but also helps the liquid flow along the inner wall of the pipe to form a stable falling film.

[0056] A flow guide 32 is provided inside the diversion hole 31 , and the flow guide 32 specifically includes a circulation sleeve 321 inserted into the inner side of the diversion hole 31 , a guide rod 322 provided at the bottom of the sliding rod 421 , and a connecting hole 323 opened outside the circulation sleeve 321 .

[0057] Specifically, the circulation sleeve 321 is fixed in the diversion hole 31 by threads, the circulation sleeve 321 is connected to the diversion hole 31, the communication holes 323 are distributed in a ring array outside the circulation sleeve 321, and the guide rod 322 extends to the top of the partition plate 11.

[0058] By setting the guide member 32, after the liquid flows into the circulation sleeve 321 from the diversion hole 31, it flows out from the connecting hole 323 and flows downward along the guide rod 322 to the top of the partition plate 11, so that the liquid flows more smoothly and reduces the impact on the liquid when it flows into the pipeline.

[0059] The remaining structures are the same as those of Example 1.

[0060] Based on Examples 1-2, the working principle of a multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor of the present invention is as follows:

[0061] During installation, the fixing ring 411, the sliding ring 412 and the compression spring 413 are sleeved on the outside of the adjusting column 44, and the distance between the lower closing ring 47 and the upper closing ring 48 is adjusted. Then, the fixing ring 411 and the adjusting column 44 are fixed with bolts; the clamping block 418 and the pushing spring 419 are placed from the pushing spring 419 into the sliding groove 416 using a tool, and then the hollow tube 420 is inserted into the sliding groove 416 from the bottom of the container 41, so that the sliding rod 421 is pressed against the pushing inclined surface at the bottom of the clamping block 418; the lower closing ring 47 is fixed to the upper closing ring 48. The closed ring 47 and the upper closed ring 48 are placed in the container 41, so that the adjusting column 44 passes downward out of the container 41, and then the floating block 45 is fixed to the bottom of the adjusting column 44, and then the lower closed ring 47 and the upper closed ring 48 are loosened. Under the action of gravity, the lower closed ring 47 falls into the outer receiving groove 49, and the outer receiving groove 49 pushes the card block 418 through the guiding inclined surface, so that the card block 418 enters the card slot 417, locking the lower closed ring 47 in the outer receiving groove 49, and finally the limit rod 415 is inserted into the through hole 414.

[0062] Insert the flow guide 32 into the diversion hole 31 , and then place the diversion plate 3 above the partition plate 11 ; fix the adjustment component 4 on the inner side of the top cover 2 , and then fix the top cover 2 above the evaporator 1 .

[0063] During use, the liquid is injected into the top cover 2 with full power through the liquid supply device, and the liquid flows into the holding container 41. The liquid entering the holding container 41 is first discharged from the liquid replenishing hole 42 and flows to the top of the diverter plate 3. Since the inflow is greater than the discharge at this time, the liquid in the holding container 41 accumulates rapidly. After the liquid level reaches the overflow hole 43, the liquid is discharged from the overflow hole 43 and flows to the top of the diverter plate 3. At this time, the sensor in the overflow hole 43 gives feedback, reducing the power of the liquid supply device and reducing the amount of liquid injected into the holding container 41. At this time, the holding container 41 reaches a balanced state.

[0064] The liquid in the storage container 41 flows quickly to the top of the diverter plate 3, and the liquid continuously provides upward buoyancy to the float 45, but at this time the lower closed ring 47 is locked and cannot move. When the liquid storage above the diverter plate 3 reaches the specified height and submerges the airbag 422, the airbag 422 is affected by the liquid pressure and shrinks inward, and the internal air is discharged into the hollow tube 420, pushing the sliding rod 421 in the hollow tube 420 to move upward. The sliding rod 421 pushes the card block 418 to move, so that it leaves the card slot 417, and the lower closed ring 47 is unlocked. The float 45 is affected by the buoyancy and pushes the lower closed ring 47 and the upper closed ring 48 upward through the adjusting column 44 and the connecting rod 46, so that the lower closed ring 47 blocks the liquid filling hole 42, and the liquid in the storage container 41 is discharged only through the overflow hole 43. In this way, the inside and outside of the storage container 41 are balanced.

[0065] If the liquid storage above the diverter plate 3 increases and exceeds the specified height, the regulating column 44 continues to push the upper closed ring 48 upward to block the overflow hole 43 and stop injecting liquid above the diverter plate 3. During this process, the lower closed ring 47 is blocked by the limiting rod 415 and is always closed at the opening of the liquid replenishing hole 42. If the liquid storage above the diverter plate 3 decreases and falls below the specified height, the regulating column 44 drives the lower closed ring 47 to descend, opening the liquid replenishing hole 42 and increasing the discharge volume of the container 41.

[0066] The liquid above the diverter plate 3 flows into the circulation sleeve 321 through the diverter hole 31, then flows out from the connecting hole 323 and flows downward along the guide rod 322 to the top of the partition plate 11. The liquid gathers from the four sides of the pipeline to the pipeline opening and flows down along the pipeline wall.

[0067] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor for regulating the liquid state in an evaporator (1) and a top cover (2), comprising a diverter plate (3), and diverter holes (31) arranged in an array on the top of the diverter plate (3), characterized in that: The device further comprises an adjusting assembly (4), wherein the adjusting assembly (4) specifically comprises a container (41) arranged on the inner wall of the top cover (2), a liquid replenishing hole (42) and an overflow hole (43) arranged in a circular array and extending through the outer side of the container (41), an adjusting column (44) arranged through the bottom of the container (41), a floating block (45) arranged at one end of the adjusting column (44) extending through the container (41), two groups of connecting rods (46) arranged on the outer side of the adjusting column (44), and a lower sealing ring (47) and an upper sealing ring (48) respectively arranged at one end of the two groups of connecting rods (46) away from the adjusting column (44); The evaporator (1) is provided with partition plates (11) at both upper and lower ends, a pipe is installed between the two partition plates (11), and the pipe extends out of the partition plates (11), the liquid filling hole (42) is located below the overflow hole (43), the lower sealing ring (47) is located below the liquid filling hole (42), and the upper sealing ring (48) is located below the overflow hole (43); An outer receiving groove (49) is provided on the inner bottom wall of the container (41), the lower closed ring (47) is received in the outer receiving groove (49), and the liquid replenishing hole (42) is flush with the bottom surface of the container (41).

2. The multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (4) further includes an inner receiving groove (410) provided on the inner bottom wall of the container (41), a fixed ring (411) and a sliding ring (412) provided on the outer side of the adjustment column (44), a compression spring (413) provided on the outer side of the fixed ring (411) and the sliding ring (412), a through hole (414) provided through the outer wall of the container (41), and a limiting rod (415) provided on the inner side of the through hole (414); The connecting rod (46) is connected to the adjusting column (44) through a sliding ring (412). The sliding ring (412) and the compression spring (413) are both slidably sleeved on the outside of the adjusting column (44). The fixing ring (411), the sliding ring (412) and the compression spring (413) are all located in the inner receiving groove (410). The through hole (414) is located above the liquid replenishing hole (42). The limiting rod (415) extends into the inner side of the container (41).

3. The multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (4) further comprises a sliding groove (416) provided on the inner wall of the outer receiving groove (49), a clamping groove (417) provided on the inner side of the lower closed ring (47), a clamping block (418) and a push spring (419) provided on the inner side of the sliding groove (416), a hollow tube (420) provided through the bottom of the container (41), a sliding rod (421) provided on the inner side of the hollow tube (420), and an air bag (422) provided on the bottom of the hollow tube (420); The sliding groove (416) is docked with the clamping groove (417), and the clamping block (418) extends into the clamping groove (417). A guiding inclined surface is provided at the top of one end of the clamping block (418) extending into the clamping groove (417). A sliding groove is provided at the bottom of the clamping block (418), and a pushing inclined surface is provided at the top of the sliding groove. The hollow tube (420) extends into the sliding groove (416), and the sliding rod (421) presses against the surface of the pushing inclined surface.

4. The multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating block (45) is in the shape of a truncated cone with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion.

5. The multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the container (41) is not less than one-fifth of the internal volume of the top cover (2), and the height of the overflow hole (43) does not exceed the horizontal center plane of the container (41).

6. The multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Sensors for detecting liquid level height are provided in the liquid replenishing hole (42) and the overflow hole (43).

7. The multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diversion holes (31) are arranged around the pipeline extending out of the surface of the partition plate (11), and the number of diversion holes (31) surrounding the outside of each pipeline is the same.

8. The multi-stage tubular falling film liquid distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow guide (32) is provided on the inner side of the diverter hole (31), and the flow guide (32) specifically includes a circulation sleeve (321) inserted into the inner side of the diverter hole (31), a guide rod (322) provided at the bottom of the sliding rod (421), and a communication hole (323) provided on the outer side of the circulation sleeve (321); The circulation sleeve (321) is communicated with the diversion hole (31), and the guide rod (322) extends to the top of the partition plate (11).

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