Punch forming process for ceramic pump cover

Abstract

The invention relates to a punch forming process for a ceramic pump cover. The punch forming process comprises the steps of ceramic powder preparation, mold assembly, punch forming, demolding, finishing and airing. The ceramic powder is semi-dry ceramic powder; a lower die of the die adopts a mandrel, an annular sleeve, a bottom die and an end cover which are simple and convenient to disassemble and assemble to form a pump cover cavity, steps and counter bores which are convenient to align are arranged among all parts of the die, an upper die is an annular pressing plate, the opening and closing of the cavity are realized through the relative movement between the annular pressing plate and the lower die, and the punch forming of the pump cover is realized. The pump cover ceramic blank is produced through punch forming, the production efficiency is high, the method can be suitable for batch production, and therefore the overall production efficiency of the ceramic centrifugal pump is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a stamping forming process for a ceramic pump cover and belongs to the technical field of ceramic centrifugal pump production. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic centrifugal pumps significantly increase the service life of centrifugal pump flow components by replacing the original metal materials of the main flow components of the centrifugal pump, such as the front pump cover, impeller, pump body, and rear pump cover, with wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant ceramic materials. The excellent corrosion and wear resistance of ceramic materials are utilized to significantly increase the service life of the flow components of the centrifugal pump. The front pump cover and rear pump cover, hereinafter referred to as ceramic pump cover, are one of the flow components in the ceramic centrifugal pump. Figure 1 Currently, the production process for ceramic pump covers involves injecting liquid ceramic slurry into a mold with a pump cover cavity to produce a ceramic blank, which is then sintered at high temperature to form the ceramic pump cover. This casting process, however, has low production efficiency and is unsuitable for mass production, impacting the overall production efficiency of ceramic centrifugal pumps. Therefore, a high-efficiency process for forming ceramic blanks for pump covers, suitable for mass production, is urgently needed to improve the overall production efficiency of ceramic centrifugal pumps. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a ceramic pump cover forming process, which uses stamping to produce pump cover ceramic blanks with high production efficiency and can be suitable for batch production, thereby improving the overall production efficiency of ceramic centrifugal pumps.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved like this: A ceramic pump cover stamping forming process comprises the following steps: Step S1: Preparation of ceramic powder Mix pottery clay, wood clay, and kaolin in proportion and grind them into powder, then add water to make semi-dry ceramic powder; Step S2: mold assembly Install the assembled lower die on the punch press base and the upper die on the punch head of the punch press; The upper mold is an annular pressure plate with a circular ring structure; the lower mold includes an annular sleeve and a bottom mold installed at the bottom of the annular sleeve; a conical through hole is provided in the center of the bottom mold, an end cover is fixed to the end surface of the conical through hole, and a core shaft is fixed in the center of the end cover; the annular pressure plate is lifted and embedded in the annular space between the core shaft and the annular sleeve, and the core shaft, annular pressure plate, annular sleeve, bottom mold and end cover enclose a cavity for the ceramic blank of the pump cover; Step S3: stamping The ceramic powder prepared in step S1 is weighed and placed into the lower mold cavity of step S2; the punch press is started, and the punch drives the annular pressing plate to press into the annular space between the core shaft and the annular sleeve, pressing the ceramic powder into shape, and forming a pump cover ceramic blank in the mold cavity; Step S4: demoulding The punch of the punch press drives the annular pressure plate to rise and separate from the lower die, and then the lower die is removed from the punch press as a whole, and then the end cover, core shaft, and annular sleeve are removed in sequence; the pump cover ceramic blank and the bottom die are turned 180 degrees, turned upside down on the pad, and then the bottom die is lifted up to separate it from the pump cover ceramic blank to complete the demoulding; Step S5: trimming Manually inspect the ceramic blank of the pump cover that is inverted on the backing plate and repair any defective parts; Step S6: Drying After the trimmed pump cover ceramic blank is dried, it can enter the firing process.

[0005] Furthermore, the moisture content of the semi-dry ceramic powder in step S1 is 5% to 10%.

[0006] Furthermore, the core shaft, the annular sleeve, the bottom mold and the end cover in step S2 are all fixedly connected by bolts.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S2, the outer ring of the bottom mold is provided with a second circular step aligned with the end face of the annular sleeve, a first circular step aligned with the end cover and the right end face of the conical through hole is provided, a countersunk hole is provided in the middle of the end cover, and the right end of the core shaft is embedded in the countersunk hole to facilitate alignment and assembly between the various components of the mold.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S2, the left end surface of the annular sleeve and the left end of the core shaft are both equipped with lifting handles to facilitate the lifting of the mold.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S3, multiple pre-pressing operations are required before the pump cover ceramic blank is finally punched and formed to prevent uneven distribution of ceramic powder in the mold cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, the multiple pre-pressing method is as follows: the weighed ceramic powder is divided into several portions, and is sequentially put into the cavity of the lower mold. Each time the ceramic powder is put in, a pre-pressing operation of pressing the upper mold into the lower mold is performed, and the pressure of the pre-pressing operation is less than the pressure of the last stamping molding.

[0011] Furthermore, during the demoulding process in step S4, when removing the end cover, core shaft, annular sleeve and bottom mold, the parts to be removed need to be lightly tapped to prevent them from sticking to the ceramic body and facilitate demoulding.

[0012] Furthermore, the drying environment in step S6 is room temperature, and the drying time is not less than 10 hours.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention adopts semi-dry ceramic powder and an easily disassembled lower mold cavity structure for stamping and forming. The core shaft, annular sleeve, bottom mold and end cover of the mold are connected by bolts, which are convenient for disassembly and assembly. At the same time, the various components can be automatically aligned and matched during assembly through the matching alignment of steps or countersunk holes, which simplifies the assembly operation and improves the accuracy of mold assembly, ensures the consistency of the pump cover cavity size, improves the production efficiency of the pump cover ceramic blank, and thus improves the production efficiency of the ceramic centrifugal pump. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic flow chart of a stamping process for a ceramic pump cover according to the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the mold structure of a ceramic pump cover stamping process of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the mold for a ceramic pump cover stamping process of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the demoulding state of a ceramic pump cover stamping process of the present invention.

[0018] in: Lifting handle 1, core shaft 2, annular pressure plate 3, annular sleeve 4, pump cover ceramic blank 5, bottom mold 6, first circular step 7, bolt 8, end cover 9, countersunk hole 10, second circular step 11, and pad 12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] See also Figures 1 to 4 The present invention relates to a ceramic pump cover stamping forming process, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Preparation of ceramic powder Mix pottery clay, wood clay, and kaolin in proportion and grind them into powder, then add water to make semi-dry ceramic powder with a moisture content of 5% to 10%; Step S2: mold assembly Install the assembled lower die on the punch press base and the upper die on the punch head of the punch press; The upper die is an annular pressure plate 3 with a circular ring structure; the lower die includes an annular sleeve 4 and a bottom die 6 mounted on the bottom of the annular sleeve 4 by bolts 8; a conical through hole is provided in the center of the bottom die 6, an end cover 9 is fixed to the end surface of the conical through hole by bolts 8, and the core shaft 2 is fixed to the center of the end cover 9 by bolts 8; the annular pressure plate 3 is lifted and embedded in the annular space between the core shaft 2 and the annular sleeve 4, and the core shaft 2, annular pressure plate 3, annular sleeve 4, bottom die 6 and end cover 9 enclose a cavity to form a pump cover ceramic blank 5; The outer ring of the bottom mold 6 is provided with a second circular step 11 that is aligned with the end face of the annular sleeve 4, and a first circular step 7 that is aligned with the end cover 9 and the right end face of the conical through hole is provided. A countersunk hole 10 is provided in the middle of the end cover 9, and the right end of the core shaft 2 is embedded in the countersunk hole 10 to facilitate alignment and assembly between the various components of the mold; a lifting handle 1 is installed on the left end face of the annular sleeve 4 and the left end of the core shaft 2 to facilitate lifting of the mold; The components of the lower mold, including the core shaft 2, annular sleeve 4, bottom mold 6 and end cover 9, are all connected by bolts, which are convenient for disassembly and assembly. At the same time, the matching alignment of steps or countersunk holes allows the components to automatically align during assembly, simplifying the assembly operation while improving the accuracy of mold assembly and ensuring the consistency of the pump cover cavity size. Step S3: stamping The semi-dry ceramic powder prepared in step S1 is weighed and placed into the lower mold cavity of step S2; the punch press is started, and the punch drives the annular pressing plate 3 to press into the annular space between the core shaft 2 and the annular sleeve 4, pressing the ceramic powder into shape, forming a pump cover ceramic blank 5 in the mold cavity; In order to ensure the uniformity of the density of the ceramic body in the cavity, multiple pre-pressing operations are required before the final stamping of the pump cover ceramic body 5 to prevent uneven distribution of the ceramic powder in the cavity. Specifically, the amount of ceramic powder put in each time must ensure that the upper surface of the ceramic powder is within the movable stroke of the annular pressure plate 3, that is, the upper surface of the ceramic powder must be higher than the conical ring part of the cavity, but not beyond the upper edge of the lower mold; in this embodiment, the weighed ceramic powder is divided into three parts and put into the cavity of the lower mold in turn. Each time the ceramic powder is put in, a pre-pressing operation of pressing the upper mold into the lower mold is performed. The pressure of the pre-pressing operation is less than the pressure of the last stamping operation. The amount of ceramic powder put in the first time is the largest, and the amount of subsequent ones is reduced. Step S4: demoulding The punch head of the punch press drives the annular pressure plate 3 to rise and separate from the lower die, and then use the hook to hook the lifting handle 1 to remove the lower die from the punch press as a whole, and then remove the end cover 9, core shaft 2, and annular sleeve 4 in turn; turn the pump cover ceramic blank 5 and the bottom die 6 180 degrees, turn them upside down on the pad 12, and then lift the bottom die 6 upward to separate it from the pump cover ceramic blank 5 to complete the demoulding; when removing the end cover 9, core shaft 2, annular sleeve 4 and bottom die 6, they all need to gently tap the parts to be removed to prevent them from sticking to the ceramic blank and facilitate demoulding; Step S5: trimming The pump cover ceramic blank 5 that is inverted on the backing plate 12 is manually inspected and defective parts are repaired; in addition to repairing defects visible to the naked eye, the pump cover ceramic blank 5 is also weighed, and those that are not within the qualified range need to be discarded; Step S6: Drying After the repaired pump cover ceramic blank 5 is dried, the firing process can be entered to complete the production of the ceramic pump cover. In this embodiment, the drying environment of the pump cover ceramic blank 5 is room temperature, and the drying time is not less than 10 hours.

[0020] The present invention adopts semi-dry ceramic powder and an easily disassembled lower mold cavity structure for stamping and forming. The core shaft 2, annular sleeve 4, bottom mold 6 and end cover 9 of the mold are connected by bolts, which are convenient for disassembly and assembly. At the same time, the various components can be automatically aligned and matched during assembly through the matching alignment of steps or countersunk holes, which simplifies the assembly operation and improves the accuracy of mold assembly, ensures the consistency of the pump cover cavity size, and improves the production efficiency of the pump cover ceramic blank.

[0021] In addition: It should be noted that the above specific implementation is only an optimization scheme of this patent. Any changes or improvements made by technicians in this field based on the above concept are within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A ceramic pump cover stamping process, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Preparation of ceramic powder Mix pottery clay, wood clay, and kaolin in proportion and grind them into powder, then add water to make semi-dry ceramic powder; Step S2: mold assembly Install the assembled lower die on the punch press base and the upper die on the punch head of the punch press; The upper die is an annular pressure plate (3) having a circular ring structure; the lower die comprises an annular sleeve (4) and a bottom die (6) mounted on the bottom of the annular sleeve (4); a conical through hole is provided at the center of the bottom die (6), an end cover (9) is fixed on the end surface of the conical through hole, and a core shaft (2) is fixed at the center of the end cover (9); the annular pressure plate (3) is lifted and embedded in the annular space between the core shaft (2) and the annular sleeve (4), and the core shaft (2), the annular pressure plate (3), the annular sleeve (4), the bottom die (6) and the end cover (9) enclose a cavity to form a ceramic blank (5) for the pump cover; Step S3: stamping The ceramic powder prepared in step S1 is weighed and placed into the lower mold cavity of step S2; the punch press is started, and the punch drives the annular pressing plate (3) to press into the annular space between the core shaft (2) and the annular sleeve (4), pressing the ceramic powder into shape, and forming a pump cover ceramic blank (5) in the mold cavity; Step S4: demoulding The punch head of the punch press drives the annular pressure plate (3) to rise and separate from the lower die, and then the lower die is removed from the punch press as a whole, and then the end cover (9), the core shaft (2), and the annular sleeve (4) are removed in sequence; the pump cover ceramic blank (5) and the bottom die (6) are turned 180 degrees and turned upside down onto the backing plate (12), and then the bottom die (6) is lifted up to separate it from the pump cover ceramic blank (5), completing the demoulding; Step S5: trimming Manually inspect the pump cover ceramic blank (5) that is inverted on the backing plate (12) and repair any defective parts; Step S6: Drying The finished pump cover ceramic blank (5) is dried and then can enter the firing process.

2. The ceramic pump cover stamping forming process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moisture content of the semi-dry ceramic powder in step S1 is 5% to 10%.

3. The ceramic pump cover stamping forming process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the core shaft (2), the annular sleeve (4), the bottom mold (6) and the end cover (9) are all fixedly connected by bolts (8).

4. The ceramic pump cover stamping forming process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the outer ring of the bottom mold (6) is provided with a second circular step (11) aligned with the end face of the annular sleeve (4), a first circular step (7) aligned with the end cover (9) and the right end face of the conical through hole is provided, a countersunk hole (10) is provided in the middle of the end cover (9), and the right end of the core shaft (2) is embedded in the countersunk hole (10), so as to facilitate the alignment and assembly of the various components of the mold.

5. The ceramic pump cover stamping forming process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the left end surface of the annular sleeve (4) and the left end of the core shaft (2) are both equipped with lifting handles (1) to facilitate the lifting of the mold.

6. The ceramic pump cover stamping forming process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S3, multiple pre-pressing operations are required before the pump cover ceramic blank (5) is finally punched and formed to prevent uneven distribution of ceramic powder in the mold cavity.

7. The ceramic pump cover stamping forming process according to claim 6, characterized in that: The multiple pre-pressing method is as follows: the weighed ceramic powder is divided into several portions and put into the cavity of the lower mold in sequence. Each time the ceramic powder is put in, a pre-pressing operation of pressing the upper mold into the lower mold is performed. The pressure of the pre-pressing operation is less than the pressure of the last stamping molding.

8. The ceramic pump cover stamping forming process according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the demoulding process in step S4, when removing the end cover (9), the core shaft (2), the annular sleeve (4) and the bottom mold (6), the parts to be removed need to be lightly tapped to prevent them from sticking to the ceramic body and facilitate demoulding.

9. The ceramic pump cover stamping forming process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying environment in step S6 is room temperature, and the drying time is not less than 10 hours.

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