Device for extracting micro-plastics in water environment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of micro-plastic extraction, in particular to a device for extracting micro-plastic in a water environment, which comprises a barrel, a water production pipe is arranged at one end of the barrel in a penetrating manner, a water inlet pipe is arranged at the lower part of the barrel wall of the barrel, and a water inlet hole is formed in one end, positioned in the barrel, of the water production pipe; a reverse osmosis membrane assembly is arranged at the end, located in the barrel, of the water production pipe, the reverse osmosis membrane assembly comprises a base layer, a supporting layer and a desalting layer which are sequentially arranged outside the barrel from inside to outside, a protective frame is arranged outside the desalting layer, and a plurality of notches are formed in the protective frame; the blowing assembly is used for blowing the outer wall of the desalting layer; and the collecting assembly is used for collecting micro-plastics in the barrel body. The micro-plastic on the reverse osmosis membrane can be collected and extracted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of microplastic extraction, and in particular to a device for extracting microplastics in an aquatic environment. Background Art

[0002] Microplastics, referring to plastic particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm, are a major source of pollution. In reality, microplastics range in size from a few microns to several millimeters, forming a heterogeneous mixture of plastic particles with diverse shapes that are often difficult to distinguish with the naked eye. They have been vividly described as the "PM2.5 of the sea." Compared to "white pollution" plastics, the harm of microplastics lies in their tiny particle diameter, which is why they pose a greater threat to the environment than conventional non-degradable plastics. Four major categories of emerging pollutants are receiving widespread international attention: persistent organic pollutants, endocrine disruptors, antibiotics, and microplastics. These are defined as emerging pollutants when released into the environment.

[0003] The hazards of microplastics mainly include harm to human health, harm to the ecosystem, carrying harmful substances, and long-term potential risks.

[0004] Among them, the hazards to human health include: 1. Digestive system. After microplastics enter the human body through food or drinking water, they may be retained in the gastrointestinal tract, destroying the intestinal barrier function, changing the composition of intestinal flora, and causing metabolic disorders and inflammatory reactions; 2. Respiratory system. After microplastic particles are inhaled, they may be deposited in the lungs, irritating the respiratory mucosa, causing inflammation, and even causing difficulty breathing. Long-term exposure may also cause damage to lung function; 3. Immune system. Microplastics may trigger an immune response, leading to immunosuppression or overactivation, and increasing the risk of infectious diseases; 4. Nervous system. Microplastics can cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the central nervous system, causing cognitive impairment and abnormal behavior, and even associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease; 5. Cardiovascular system: Microplastics accumulate in the arteries, which may increase the risk of diseases such as heart disease and stroke.

[0005] Among them, the hazards to the ecosystem include: 1. Marine pollution. Microplastics are the main carrier of marine pollution. After being accidentally ingested by aquatic animals, they may damage the marine ecosystem and affect human health through the food chain; 2. Soil pollution. After microplastics enter the soil, they may affect plant growth and enter the animal body through the food chain, further spreading pollution; 3. Airborne transmission. Microplastic particles are suspended in the air and can be transmitted to remote areas, such as the Arctic and Antarctic and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, affecting the global ecological environment.

[0006] In addition, microplastics are small in size, which means a higher specific surface area (specific surface area refers to the surface area per unit mass of porous solid matter). The larger the specific surface area, the stronger the ability to adsorb pollutants. There are already a large number of persistent organic pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls and bisphenol A in the environment (these organic pollutants are often hydrophobic, which means they are not easily dissolved in water and are not easily diluted by water bodies). Once microplastics meet these pollutants, they just gather to form an organic pollution sphere. Microplastics are equivalent to becoming mounts for pollutants. Both can roam around in the environment. These substances may further aggravate health hazards after entering the human body. Although current research on the effects of microplastics on human health is mostly based on animal experiments, there is increasing evidence that the long-term accumulation of microplastics may be related to the occurrence of chronic diseases (such as arteriosclerosis and metabolic disorders).

[0007] Wastewater treatment plants have also begun researching ways to separate and extract microplastics from the water environment, reducing their discharge at the treatment plant's outlets. This has significant positive implications for environmental pollution prevention and control. Studies have shown that reverse osmosis membrane technology is highly effective in removing microplastics. Reverse osmosis membrane technology utilizes the physical isolation of a semipermeable membrane, forcing water molecules through it under high pressure while trapping microplastic particles on one side. This physical isolation-based removal method offers advantages such as no chemical injection and no secondary water pollution, making it suitable for treating small particulate pollutants such as microplastics.

[0008] Among the above-mentioned related technologies, reverse osmosis membrane technology can filter microplastics. A portion of the microplastics can be discharged with the wastewater on the high-pressure side, and then can be filtered and extracted through subsequent steps. However, due to their small size and large number, microplastic particles are easily accumulated on the surface and in the pores of the reverse osmosis membrane. The microplastics accumulated on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane are not convenient for extraction and treatment, and will form membrane pollution. This pollution will cause the permeability of the membrane to decrease, the treatment efficiency to decrease, and even require frequent cleaning or replacement of the membrane assembly. When cleaning the membrane assembly, the membrane assembly usually needs to be disassembled, and the process of disassembling and cleaning the membrane assembly is relatively cumbersome. Another way to clean the membrane assembly is backwashing, but clean water is used in the backwashing process, which will cause the microplastics to be mixed with a large amount of clean water again, which increases the difficulty of separating microplastics in water. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for extracting microplastics from water environments, aiming to improve the problem in the prior art of using reverse osmosis membrane technology to separate and extract microplastics in water, where microplastics attached to the reverse osmosis membrane are inconvenient to collect and extract.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0011] A device for extracting microplastics in an aquatic environment comprises a cylinder, one end of which is penetrated by a water production pipe, a lower part of the cylinder wall of which is provided with a water inlet pipe, the end of the water production pipe located inside the cylinder is provided with a water inlet hole, the end of the water production pipe located inside the cylinder is provided with a reverse osmosis membrane assembly, the reverse osmosis membrane assembly comprises a base layer, a support layer and a desalination layer which are sequentially arranged on the outside of the cylinder from the inside to the outside, the outer cover of the desalination layer is provided with a protective frame, and a plurality of notches are provided on the protective frame; the device also comprises a purge assembly for purging the outer wall of the desalination layer and a collection assembly for collecting microplastics inside the cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the purge assembly includes a blower, an air delivery pipe, an air delivery valve, a rotary joint, a rotating shaft and a driving member;

[0013] The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on one end of the cylinder near the water inlet pipe via a waterproof bearing. One end of the rotating shaft is located inside the cylinder, and the other end is located outside the cylinder. The rotating shaft coincides with the central axis of the water production pipe, and a gap is left between the rotating shaft and the water production pipe. An extension rod is provided at the end of the rotating shaft located inside the cylinder, and the extension rod extends along the length of the water production pipe to one side of the water production pipe.

[0014] A first cavity is provided inside the rotating shaft, a second cavity is provided inside the extension rod, the first cavity is communicated with the second cavity, a plurality of blowing holes are provided on a side of the extension rod close to the desalination layer, the plurality of blowing holes are all communicated with the second cavity, and each of the notches corresponds to at least one blowing hole; the blower is located on one side of the cylinder, the rotary joint is provided at one end of the rotating shaft located outside the cylinder, and one end of the rotary joint is communicated with the first cavity inside the rotating shaft and the other end is communicated with the air pipe, the end of the air pipe away from the rotary joint is communicated with the blower, and the air valve is provided on the air pipe; the driving member is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0015] Furthermore, the driving member includes a driving motor, a driving gear and a driven gear; the driven gear is sleeved on one end of the rotating shaft located outside the cylinder, the driving motor is located on one side of the cylinder, the driving gear is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, and the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear.

[0016] Furthermore, the collecting assembly includes a collecting pipe, a collecting valve, a collecting box, an exhaust pipe, an exhaust pump and a filtering assembly. The collecting box is located on one side of the cylinder body. One end of the collecting pipe is connected to the cylinder body and the other end is connected to the collecting box. The collecting valve is arranged on the collecting pipe. The collecting box is connected to one end of the exhaust pipe. The filtering assembly and the exhaust pump are both arranged on the exhaust pipe, and the filtering assembly is located between the collecting box and the exhaust pump.

[0017] Furthermore, an electric heating wire is provided in the gas pipe, and a temperature sensor is also provided on the gas pipe. The temperature sensor is used to detect the air temperature inside the gas pipe, and the temperature sensor is located on the side of the electric heating wire close to the cylinder. The temperature sensor and the electric heating wire are both located on the side of the gas valve away from the cylinder, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the electric heating wire through a temperature controller.

[0018] Furthermore, the extension rod is provided with bristles and a plurality of the blowing holes on the side away from the desalination layer. The bristles are arranged on the extension rod along the length direction of the extension rod, and the bristles on the side of the extension rod away from the desalination layer abut against the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0019] Furthermore, the plurality of blowing holes are all located on the same side of the corresponding bristles.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] In the present invention, water containing microplastics is pumped into the cylinder through the water inlet pipe, and at the same time, a scale inhibitor is added to the cylinder through the water inlet pipe. The scale inhibitor can prevent scale deposition on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly. The microplastics in the water are filtered by the reverse osmosis membrane assembly, so that the microplastics accumulate in the cylinder, and the content of microplastics accumulated on the desalination layer is relatively high, which will affect the filtering effect of the desalination layer on the microplastics. At this time, the excess water inside the cylinder is discharged, and the outer wall of the desalination layer is purged by the purge assembly. The residual water on the desalination layer can be purged and evaporated, which can first make the microplastics inside the cylinder dry, and then the microplastics remaining in the membrane pores of the desalination layer can be purged out. After the microplastics become dry, under the purge action of the purge assembly, the microplastics will float inside the cylinder due to their light weight. Subsequently, the microplastics in the cylinder are conveniently collected and extracted through the collection assembly, thereby reducing the total content of microplastics in the cylinder, thereby reducing the contamination rate when the reverse osmosis membrane assembly is used to filter microplastics in the subsequent use, which is beneficial to extending the effective use time of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 A top view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention, intended to show the internal structure of the cylinder;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention, intended to illustrate the structure of the extension rod;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention, intended to illustrate the positional relationship between the bristles and the blowing holes on the extension rod;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional diagram of the present invention, intended to illustrate the structure of the protective frame;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention, intended to illustrate the structure of the gas pipeline;

[0029] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0030] Markings and corresponding parts names in the accompanying drawings:

[0031] 1. Cylinder; 2. Water production pipe; 3. Water inlet pipe; 4. Water inlet hole; 5. Base layer; 6. Support layer; 7. Desalination layer; 8. Protective frame; 9. Notch; 10. Rotating shaft; 11. Extension rod; 12. Brush; 13. Driving motor; 14. Driving gear; 15. Driven gear; 16. Blower; 17. First cavity; 18. Second cavity; 19. Blowing hole; 20. Collection box; 21. Filter assembly; 22. Electric heating wire; 23. Temperature sensor; 24. Vacuum pump; 25. Flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A device for extracting microplastics from an aquatic environment comprises a barrel 1, one end of which is penetrated by a water production pipe 2, a lower portion of which is provided with a water inlet pipe 3, a water inlet hole 4 being provided at the end of the water production pipe 2 located within the barrel 1, and a reverse osmosis membrane assembly being provided at the end of the water production pipe 2 located within the barrel 1. The reverse osmosis membrane assembly comprises, from the inside to the outside, a base layer 5, a support layer 6, and a desalination layer 7, which are sequentially arranged on the outside of the barrel 1. The desalination layer 7 is covered with a protective frame 8 having a plurality of notches 9 extending therethrough. The device also comprises a purge assembly for purging the outer wall of the desalination layer 7 and a collection assembly for collecting microplastics within the barrel 1. The protective frame 8 is used to resist the impact and vibration caused by the water flow, thereby providing support and stability for the reverse osmosis membrane assembly.

[0035] The support layer 6 is made of polysulfone material, and the base layer 5 is made of polyester non-woven fabric. The base layer 5 and the support layer 6 are used to stably support the desalination layer 7 .

[0036] In this solution, water containing microplastics is pumped into the cylinder 1 through the water inlet pipe 3, and at the same time, a scale inhibitor is added to the cylinder 1 through the water inlet pipe 3. The scale inhibitor reacts chemically with hardness ions such as calcium and magnesium and other ions that are prone to scaling in the water to form stable soluble complexes, thereby preventing these ions from being deposited as hard scale on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane; the microplastics in the water are then filtered through the reverse osmosis membrane assembly, so that the microplastics accumulate in the cylinder 1, and the content of microplastics accumulated on the desalination layer 7 is the highest, which will affect the filtering effect of the desalination layer 7 on the microplastics. At this time, water supply to the cylinder 1 is stopped, and the water is removed through the water inlet pipe 3. The water pipe 3 discharges excess water from the inside of the cylinder 1 and purges the inside of the cylinder 1 through the purge component, which can purge and evaporate the residual moisture on the outer wall of the desalination layer 7, making the microplastics on the outer wall of the desalination layer 7 dry. When the microplastics become dry, under the purge action of the purge component, the microplastics will float inside the cylinder 1 due to their light weight. Subsequently, the microplastics in the cylinder 1 are conveniently collected through the collection component, thereby reducing the total content of microplastics in the cylinder 1, thereby reducing the rate of contamination when the reverse osmosis membrane assembly is used to filter microplastics, which is conducive to extending the effective use time of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly. The water inlet pipe 3 is connected to the wastewater pipe, and valves are provided on the water inlet pipe 3 and the wastewater pipe. The wastewater pipe is provided with an activated carbon filter layer. Wastewater containing microplastics can be discharged through the wastewater pipe. Organic phosphonic acid scale inhibitors can be used as scale inhibitors. The calcium and magnesium ions in the water can form highly stable complexes with the scale inhibitors. At this time, the wastewater is filtered through the activated carbon layer. The activated carbon layer has almost no effect on filtering and adsorbing the complexes in the wastewater, but can effectively adsorb and extract microplastics in the wastewater.

[0037] Specifically, the purge assembly includes a blower 16, an air supply pipe, an air supply valve, a rotary joint, a rotating shaft 10 and a driving part; the rotating shaft 10 is rotatably arranged through an end of the cylinder 1 close to the water inlet pipe 3 through a waterproof bearing, one end of the rotating shaft 10 is located inside the cylinder 1, and the other end is located outside the cylinder 1. The rotating shaft 10 coincides with the central axis of the water production pipe 2, and a distance is left between the rotating shaft 10 and the water production pipe 2; an extension rod 11 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft 10 located inside the cylinder 1, and the extension rod 11 extends along the length direction of the water production pipe 2 to one side of the water production pipe 2; wherein, the rotary joint 9 can be purchased directly from the market, for example, you can purchase a single-way gas-liquid rotary joint produced by Guangdong Hengxuan Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., and the models can be selected as HQ0108 or HY0108.

[0038] A first cavity 17 is provided inside the rotating shaft 10, and a second cavity 18 is provided inside the extension rod 11. The first cavity 17 is connected to the second cavity 18. A plurality of blowing holes 19 are provided on the side of the extension rod 11 close to the desalination layer 7. The plurality of blowing holes 19 are all connected to the second cavity 18, and each notch 9 corresponds to at least one blowing hole 19; the blower 16 is located on one side of the cylinder 1, and the rotary joint is provided at one end of the rotating shaft 10 located outside the cylinder 1, and one end of the rotary joint is connected to the first cavity 17 inside the rotating shaft 10, and the other end is connected to the air pipe, the end of the air pipe away from the rotary joint is connected to the blower 16, and the air valve is provided on the air pipe; the driving member is used to drive the rotating shaft 10 to rotate.

[0039] The collecting assembly includes a collecting pipe, a collecting valve, a collecting box 20, an air extraction pipe, an air extraction pump 24 and a filtering assembly 21. The collecting box 20 is located on one side of the cylinder 1. One end of the collecting pipe is connected to the cylinder 1 and the other end is connected to the collecting box 20. The collecting valve is arranged on the collecting pipe. The collecting box 20 is connected to one end of the air extraction pipe. The filtering assembly 21 and the air extraction pump 24 are both arranged on the air extraction pipe, and the filtering assembly 21 is located between the collecting box 20 and the air extraction pump 24. Among them, the filtering assembly 21 includes a filter and an activated carbon layer. The activated carbon layer is arranged inside the filter, and the filter is sealed and arranged inside the air extraction pipe. The activated carbon layer absorbs microplastics with smaller particle sizes through a porous structure (the specific surface area can be up to 20 times that of ordinary substances). Among them, the air extraction pipe and the collecting box 20 are detachably connected through a flange 25, which is convenient for calcining and decomposing the microplastics adsorbed in the activated carbon layer after the air extraction pipe is removed, so as to facilitate the reuse of the activated carbon layer. The filter can be made of glass fiber filter, which has a better filtering effect on microplastics and can effectively filter microplastics.

[0040] When filtering microplastics, the air supply valve and the collection valve need to be closed; a valve is set in advance on the water inlet pipe 3. When cleaning the reverse osmosis membrane assembly, the valve on the water inlet pipe 3 is closed, and then the air supply valve and the collection valve are opened. The desalination layer 7 is cleaned by the cleaning assembly, and the blower 16 is blown to the corresponding part of the desalination layer 7 through the air supply pipe, the first cavity 17, the second cavity 18 and the blowing hole 19, so as to promote the shedding of microplastics on the surface of the desalination layer 7; on the other hand, by blowing the inside of the cylinder 1, the evaporation of water inside the cylinder 1 can be accelerated, so that the microplastics become dry. At this time, the microplastics will float in the air inside the cylinder 1. The microplastics are light in weight and easy to follow the air flow. In the process of blowing the inside of the cylinder 1, the microplastics inside the cylinder 1 are easily discharged into the collection box 20 through the collection pipe for storage, reducing the total content of microplastics in the cylinder 1, thereby reducing the rate of contamination when the reverse osmosis membrane assembly is used to filter microplastics later, which is conducive to extending the effective use time of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly. The air in the collection box 20 can be extracted by the air extraction pump 29, so that the interior of the collection box 20 is in a negative pressure state, so that the air in the cylinder 1 can flow into the collection box 20 through the collection pipe. Preferably, the flow rate of the gas delivered by the blower 16 to the interior of the cylinder 1 is consistent with or close to the flow rate of the gas extracted from the collection box 20 by the air extraction pump 24.

[0041] More specifically, the driving member includes a driving motor 13, a driving gear 14 and a driven gear 15; the driven gear 15 is sleeved on one end of the rotating shaft 10 located outside the cylinder 1, the driving motor 13 is located on one side of the cylinder 1, the driving gear 14 is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 13, and the driving gear 14 is meshed with the driven gear 15.

[0042] Start the drive motor 13, which can drive the driving gear 14 to rotate. Since the driving gear 14 and the driven gear 15 are engaged, the driven gear 15 and the rotating shaft 10 can be driven to rotate, and then the extension rod 11 can be driven to rotate around the desalination layer 7, so as to facilitate the cleaning of the outer wall of the desalination layer 7.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] Based on Example 1, in this example, referring to Figure 6 、 Figure 7 An electric heating wire 22 is provided in the gas pipe, and a temperature sensor 23 is also provided on the gas pipe. The temperature sensor 23 is used to detect the temperature inside the gas pipe, and the temperature sensor 23 is located on the side of the electric heating wire 22 close to the cylinder 1. The temperature sensor 23 and the electric heating wire 22 are both located on the side of the gas valve away from the cylinder 1. The temperature sensor 23 is electrically connected to the electric heating wire 22 through a temperature controller.

[0045] When purging the interior of the cylinder 1, the power supply of the electric heating wire 22 is connected, and the electric heating wire 22 heats the air in the gas pipe, thereby further accelerating the evaporation rate of residual moisture in the cylinder 1 and improving the efficiency of removing microplastics. The temperature sensor 23 can detect the temperature in the gas pipe, which is convenient for limiting the temperature of the gas transported into the cylinder 1. To a certain extent, this can prevent excessive temperatures from damaging the reverse osmosis membrane assembly inside the cylinder 1.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] Based on Example 2, in this example, referring to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 The side of the extension rod 11 away from the desalination layer 7 is provided with bristles 12 and a plurality of blowing holes 19 , the bristles 12 are arranged on the extension rod 11 along the length direction of the extension rod 11 , and the bristles 12 on the side of the extension rod 11 away from the desalination layer 7 are in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 1 .

[0048] In this solution, the bristles 12 on the side of the extension rod 11 facing away from the desalination layer 7 can clean the microplastics adhered to the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and can also blow the inner wall of the cylinder 1 through the corresponding blowing holes 19, so as to facilitate the cleaning of the microplastics adhered to the inner wall of the cylinder 1, thereby reducing the total content of microplastics inside the cylinder 1.

[0049] Furthermore, multiple blowing holes 19 are located on the same side of the corresponding bristles 12, that is, the desalination layer 7 is first cleaned by the bristles 12, and then the corresponding parts of the inner wall of the cylinder 1 that have just been cleaned are blown through the blowing holes 19, so as to enhance the cleaning effect of the microplastics adhered to the inner wall of the cylinder 1.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for extracting microplastics in an aquatic environment, comprising a barrel (1), a water production pipe (2) passing through one end of the barrel (1), a water inlet pipe (3) provided at the lower portion of the barrel wall of the barrel (1), a water inlet hole (4) provided at one end of the water production pipe (2) located inside the barrel (1), and a reverse osmosis membrane assembly provided at one end of the water production pipe (2) located inside the barrel (1), characterized in that: The reverse osmosis membrane assembly comprises a base layer (5), a support layer (6) and a desalination layer (7) which are sequentially arranged on the outside of a cylinder (1) from the inside to the outside, a protective frame (8) is arranged on the outside of the desalination layer (7), and a plurality of notches (9) are opened on the protective frame (8); and further comprises a purge assembly for purging the outer wall of the desalination layer (7) and a collection assembly for collecting microplastics inside the cylinder (1).

2. The device for extracting microplastics from an aquatic environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purge assembly includes a blower (16), an air delivery pipe, an air delivery valve, a rotary joint, a rotating shaft (10) and a driving member; The rotating shaft (10) is rotatably provided on one end of the cylinder (1) near the water inlet pipe (3) via a waterproof bearing. One end of the rotating shaft (10) is located inside the cylinder (1) and the other end is located outside the cylinder (1). The rotating shaft (10) coincides with the central axis of the water production pipe (2), and a distance is left between the rotating shaft (10) and the water production pipe (2). An extension rod (11) is provided at one end of the rotating shaft (10) located inside the cylinder (1). The extension rod (11) extends along the length direction of the water production pipe (2) to one side of the water production pipe (2). A first cavity (17) is provided inside the rotating shaft (10), a second cavity (18) is provided inside the extending rod (11), the first cavity (17) and the second cavity (18) are communicated with each other, a plurality of blowing holes (19) are provided on a side of the extending rod (11) close to the desalination layer (7), the plurality of blowing holes (19) are all communicated with the second cavity (18), and each of the notches (9) corresponds to at least one blowing hole (19); the blower (16) is located on one side of the cylinder (1), the rotary joint is provided at one end of the rotating shaft (10) located outside the cylinder (1), one end of the rotary joint is communicated with the first cavity (17) inside the rotating shaft (10), and the other end is communicated with the air supply pipe, the end of the air supply pipe away from the rotary joint is communicated with the blower (16), and the air supply valve is provided on the air supply pipe; the driving member is used to drive the rotating shaft (10) to rotate.

3. The device for extracting microplastics from an aquatic environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving member comprises a driving motor (13), a driving gear (14) and a driven gear (15); the driven gear (15) is sleeved on one end of the rotating shaft (10) located outside the cylinder (1); the driving motor (13) is located on one side of the cylinder (1); the driving gear (14) is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the driving motor (13), and the driving gear (14) is meshed with the driven gear (15).

4. The device for extracting microplastics from an aquatic environment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The collecting assembly comprises a collecting pipe, a collecting valve, a collecting box (20), an air extraction pipe, an air extraction pump (24) and a filtering assembly (21); the collecting box (20) is located on one side of the cylinder (1); one end of the collecting pipe is connected to the cylinder (1) and the other end is connected to the collecting box (20); the collecting valve is arranged on the collecting pipe; the collecting box (20) is connected to one end of the air extraction pipe; the filtering assembly (21) and the air extraction pump (24) are both arranged on the air extraction pipe, and the filtering assembly (21) is located between the collecting box (20) and the air extraction pump (24).

5. The device for extracting microplastics from an aquatic environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: An electric heating wire (22) is provided in the gas delivery pipe, and a temperature sensor (23) is also provided on the gas delivery pipe. The temperature sensor (23) is used to detect the temperature inside the gas delivery pipe, and the temperature sensor (23) is located on the side of the electric heating wire (22) close to the cylinder (1). The temperature sensor (23) and the electric heating wire (22) are both located on the side of the gas delivery valve away from the cylinder (1). The temperature sensor (23) is electrically connected to the electric heating wire (22) through a temperature controller.

6. The device for extracting microplastics from an aquatic environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Brushes (12) and a plurality of blowing holes (19) are provided on the side of the extension rod (11) facing away from the desalination layer (7); the brushes (12) are arranged on the extension rod (11) along the length direction of the extension rod (11); and the brushes (12) on the side of the extension rod (11) facing away from the desalination layer (7) are in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder (1).

7. The device for extracting microplastics from an aquatic environment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plurality of air blowing holes (19) are all located on the same side of the corresponding bristles (12).

Images