Multifunctional microbial fertilizer based on Chinese herbal medicine carrier and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological bacterial fertilizers, and discloses a Chinese herbal medicine carrier-based multifunctional microbial bacterial fertilizer, which comprises a microbial strain group, a Chinese herbal medicine active component group, an organic matter and nutrition carrier, mineral elements and auxiliary components, and a functional synergist. Through the synergistic interaction of Chinese herbal medicine active ingredients and functional microbial flora, breeding of harmful bacteria in soil is inhibited, synthesis of acetylcholin esterase of nematodes is interfered, a continuous cropping disease occurrence chain is blocked from the source, and meanwhile, organic acid and flavonoid substances slowly released by a Chinese herbal medicine carrier are utilized to activate resistance gene expression of a plant system, so that the disease resistance of the nematodes is improved. The tolerance threshold of crops to high temperature, cold damage and diseases is enhanced; in the composite carrier, humic acid and diatomite are crosslinked through hydrogen bonds to form a stable granular structure, the cation exchange capacity and porosity of soil are effectively improved, the strong hydration capacity of polyglutamic acid is combined to lock nutrients and moisture, and development of meristem of a root system and proliferation of capillary roots are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of biological fertilizers, and in particular relates to a multifunctional microbial fertilizer based on a Chinese herbal medicine carrier and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Microbial fertilizer is a fertilizer that is centered on the life activities of microorganisms and their metabolites, and combines a variety of beneficial microbial flora with appropriate amounts of organic and inorganic nutrients. These microorganisms can decompose insoluble nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium in the soil, converting them into a form that can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants, thereby improving fertilizer utilization.

[0003] As a green agricultural input, the research and development and application of microbial fertilizers have become an important direction for soil improvement and disease prevention and control. In the existing technology, the carrier construction of microbial fertilizers mostly adopts traditional organic materials or inorganic mineral materials, such as decomposed straw, bentonite, etc. Such carriers mainly undertake the functions of physical adsorption and basic nutrient supply, but are limited by the chemical properties of the materials themselves, and it is difficult to simultaneously release functional components with antibacterial, anthelmintic or immune-inducing activities in the soil environment. In order to make up for the functional defects of the carriers, chemical synthetic fungicides or fumigants are often compounded in production practice to enhance the disease resistance of microbial fertilizers. Prevention and control effect, which not only increases the risk of pesticide residues, but also easily causes imbalance of soil microecology, resulting in reduced survival rate of active microorganisms in the fertilizer due to interference from chemical agents, weakening its long-term growth-promoting effect. In addition, some technologies attempt to add plant-derived antibacterial substances (such as tea saponins, matrine, etc.) directly to the fertilizer system, but due to the unresolved compatibility problem between plant active ingredients and microbial flora, the bacteria are often inhibited and inactivated by plant secondary metabolites, or face the technical bottleneck of rapid degradation of active ingredients due to high temperature and enzymatic hydrolysis during composting fermentation, so they need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a multifunctional microbial fertilizer based on a Chinese herbal medicine carrier and its application, which has the advantages of soil remediation, biological control and crop quality improvement and yield increase.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a multifunctional microbial fertilizer based on a Chinese herbal medicine carrier, comprising: a microbial strain group, a Chinese herbal medicine active ingredient group, organic matter and a nutrient carrier, mineral elements and auxiliary ingredients and a functional synergist, wherein the microbial strain group is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 3% of Bacillus subtilis, 2% of Trichoderma, 2% of Rhizobium, 2% of Actinomycetes, and 1% of Photosynthetic Bacteria; the Chinese herbal medicine active ingredients are composed of the following components by mass percentage: 5% of Sophora flavescens extract, 4% of Scutellaria baicalensis extract, 4% of Phellodendron amurense, 3% of Allicin, and 1% of Artemisia argyi. 3%, dandelion extract 3%, honeysuckle extract 3%; organic matter and nutrient carriers are composed of the following components by mass percentage: humic acid 15%, decomposed straw powder 10%, soybean meal powder 8%, seaweed powder 5%, amino acid powder 2%; mineral elements and auxiliary ingredients are composed of the following components by mass percentage: phosphate rock powder 5%, potassium feldspar powder 4%, diatomaceous earth 3%, trace element complex 2%, zeolite powder 1%; functional enhancers are composed of the following components by mass percentage: chitosan 3%, polyglutamic acid 3%, plant-derived potassium fulvic acid 2%, and microbial metabolites 2%.

[0006] Preferably, the Chinese herbal active ingredient group needs to be dried and crushed, and the Chinese herbal raw materials such as Sophora flavescens, Scutellaria baicalensis, Phellodendron amurense, Artemisia argyi, Taraxacum mongolicum, and Lonicera japonica are classified and spread flat on a stainless steel tray with a single layer thickness of no more than 3 cm to avoid uneven heating due to stacking. They are then transferred to a constant temperature drying oven at 60°C and dried for 8-12 hours. During this period, the raw materials are turned over every 2 hours and the moisture content is monitored until the raw materials are crispy and have a moisture content of ≤8%. The dried Chinese herbal raw materials are put into an ultrafine grinder in batches, filtered through an 80-mesh standard sieve, and the coarse particles that do not meet the standards are returned for secondary crushing.

[0007] Preferably, after the Chinese herbal medicine active ingredient group is crushed, Sophora flavescens, Scutellaria baicalensis, Taraxacum mongolicum, and Lonicera japonica are added to purified water at a material-liquid ratio of 1:10, and extracted in a constant temperature water bath at 70°C for 2 hours, stirring 3 times (5 minutes each time). The extract is coarsely filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth and enters a vacuum concentration tank. It is concentrated to 1 / 5 of the original volume under -0.08MPa and 60°C, and then prepared into powder by a centrifugal spray dryer with a water content of ≤5%. Allicin extraction adopts low-temperature molecular distillation technology. Fresh garlic is crushed and distilled at 40°C and 0.01MPa for 4 hours. The volatile oil concentrate is collected and mixed with a silica carrier in a ratio of 1:2 for adsorption to prepare solid allicin powder for standby use.

[0008] Preferably, the organic matter and nutrient carrier need to be fermented. The decomposed straw powder, soybean meal powder and seaweed powder are weighed according to the formula ratio and put into a double-shaft mixer. Artemisia argyi powder and Phellodendron chinense powder are added, and then humic acid is added. The mixer is started for mixing. Pure water is sprayed during the mixing process to adjust the overall humidity. The final pH value of the pile is controlled within the range of 6.8-7.2. Then, the microbial strain group is prepared at a ratio of total bacterial count ≥5×10^8 CFU / g, diluted with sterile water to a concentration of 10%, and evenly sprayed onto the surface of the mixed matrix for fermentation.

[0009] Preferably, the microbial strain group needs to be embedded, and Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma, rhizobium, and actinomycetes are respectively inoculated into a sterilized liquid culture medium for expansion, and then the bacterial mud is collected for standby use, and the bacterial mud of rhizobia and photosynthetic bacteria is respectively mixed with 2% sodium alginate solution in a volume ratio of 1:3, and dripped into 4% calcium chloride solution at a flow rate of 1.5 mL / min through a peristaltic pump to solidify to form microcapsule embryos, and the embryos are rinsed with sterile water and transferred to a spray drying tower to be dried into particles to prepare an embedded bacterial agent; the bacterial mud of Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma, and actinomycetes is mixed with a freeze-drying protective agent, pre-frozen to -40°C, and then placed in a vacuum freeze dryer for drying for 24 hours to prepare freeze-dried bacterial powder.

[0010] Preferably, after the fermentation of the organic matter and the nutrient carrier is completed, the fermented organic carrier, phosphate rock powder, potassium feldspar powder, diatomaceous earth, zeolite powder and trace element complex are added to a double-shaft mixer according to the formula ratio to prepare a dry material, the equipment is started to mix, and after mixing, lumps are removed by filtering through a 20-mesh vibrating screen. After the dry material is pre-mixed, freeze-dried bacterial powder and embedded bacterial agent are added in sequence, and a layered spreading method is adopted to stir at a low speed for 5 minutes after each bacterial agent is added. Subsequently, chitosan, polyglutamic acid, plant-derived potassium fulvate and microbial metabolites are added in sequence for mixing. At the end of mixing, the material temperature is ≤35°C to prevent inactivation of the bacteria, thereby obtaining a uniformly mixed material.

[0011] Preferably, the uniformly mixed material is granulated and formed by a disc granulator, and the formed particles are sent to a low-temperature airflow drying tower to be dried until the surface moisture is ≤5% and the particle hardness after drying is ≥15N, thereby obtaining material particles.

[0012] Preferably, the material particles need to be surface sprayed by mixing allicin powder and amino acid powder in proportion and dissolving them in 75% ethanol solution with a material-liquid ratio of 1:5. The mixture is fully dissolved by ultrasonic oscillation and evenly sprayed onto the particle surface by high-pressure spraying equipment. The spraying amount is controlled at 5%-6% of the total weight of the particles. After spraying, the particles are immediately sent to a 40°C circulating air drying oven for drying for 20 minutes to completely evaporate the ethanol, thereby preparing a multifunctional microbial fertilizer as a Chinese herbal medicine carrier.

[0013] Preferably, the multifunctional microbial fertilizer is used as a fertilizer for plants.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] Through the synergistic effect of the active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicine and functional microbial flora, the growth and reproduction of harmful bacteria in the soil are inhibited and the synthesis of nematode acetylcholinesterase is interfered with, thus blocking the chain of continuous crop disease occurrence from the source. At the same time, the organic acids and flavonoids slowly released by the Chinese herbal medicine carrier activate the expression of plant system resistance genes, thereby enhancing the tolerance threshold of crops to high temperature, cold damage and diseases. The humic acid and diatomaceous earth in its composite carrier are cross-linked by hydrogen bonds to form a stable aggregate structure, which effectively improves the soil cation exchange capacity and porosity. Combined with the strong hydration ability of polyglutamic acid, it locks nutrients and water, promotes the development of root meristem and the proliferation of capillary roots, and realizes the timed release of the antibacterial activity of Chinese herbal medicine, the growth-promoting factors of microbial metabolites and mineral nutrients, and simultaneously achieves the triple agronomic goals of soil remediation, biological control and crop quality improvement and yield increase while reducing the input of chemical pesticides. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] The embodiment of the present invention provides a multifunctional microbial fertilizer based on a Chinese herbal medicine carrier, comprising: a microbial strain group, a Chinese herbal medicine active ingredient group, organic matter and a nutrient carrier, mineral elements and auxiliary ingredients and a functional synergist, wherein the microbial strain group is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 3% of Bacillus subtilis, 2% of Trichoderma, 2% of Rhizobium, 2% of Actinomycetes, and 1% of Photosynthetic Bacteria; the Chinese herbal medicine active ingredients are composed of the following components by mass percentage: 5% of Sophora flavescens extract, 4% of Scutellaria baicalensis extract, 4% of Phellodendron amurense, 3% of Allicin, 3% of Artemisia argyi, and 1% of Taraxacum mongolicum. 3% honeysuckle extract, 3% honeysuckle extract; organic matter and nutrient carriers are composed of the following components by mass percentage: humic acid 15%, decomposed straw powder 10%, soybean meal powder 8%, seaweed powder 5%, amino acid powder 2%; mineral elements and auxiliary ingredients are composed of the following components by mass percentage: phosphate rock powder 5%, potassium feldspar powder 4%, diatomaceous earth 3%, trace element complex 2%, zeolite powder 1%; functional enhancers are composed of the following components by mass percentage: chitosan 3%, polyglutamic acid 3%, plant-derived potassium fulvic acid 2%, microbial metabolites 2%.

[0018] Through the synergistic effect of complex microbial flora and active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicine, the reproduction of soil pathogens is effectively inhibited and the nerve conduction systems of nematodes and aphids are destroyed. At the same time, its organic matter carriers humic acid, soybean meal powder, etc. form a granular structure with mineral elements such as phosphate rock powder and diatomaceous earth to improve soil permeability, promote root development and enhance plant resistance. Combined with functional enhancers chitosan and polyglutamic acid, a water- and fertilizer-retaining microenvironment is constructed to achieve the triple effects of antibacterial and insect repellent, nutrient slow release and plant immune activation, thereby reducing the use of chemical pesticides while increasing crop yield and quality.

[0019] Among them, the active ingredient group of Chinese herbal medicine needs to be dried and crushed. The Chinese herbal medicine raw materials such as Sophora flavescens, Scutellaria baicalensis, Phellodendron amurense, Artemisia argyi, Taraxacum mongolicum, and Lonicera japonica are classified and spread flat on stainless steel trays. The thickness of a single layer does not exceed 3 cm to avoid uneven heating. They are then transferred to a 60°C constant temperature drying oven for continuous drying for 8-12 hours. During this period, the raw materials are turned over every 2 hours and the moisture content is monitored until the raw materials are crispy and the moisture content is ≤8%. The dried Chinese herbal medicine raw materials are put into the ultrafine grinder in batches and filtered through an 80-mesh standard sieve. The coarse particles that do not meet the standards are returned for secondary crushing.

[0020] The Chinese herbal active ingredient group adopts low-temperature drying and ultrafine grinding technology to accurately control the moisture content of the raw materials and ensure uniform powder fineness. It not only fully retains the biological activity of heat-sensitive active ingredients such as matrine and baicalin, but also significantly improves the mass transfer efficiency of subsequent extraction processes, while avoiding the degradation of active substances caused by traditional high-temperature treatment.

[0021] Among them, after the Chinese herbal medicine active ingredient group is crushed, Sophora flavescens, Scutellaria baicalensis, Taraxacum mongolicum, and Lonicera japonica are added with purified water at a material-liquid ratio of 1:10, and extracted in a constant temperature water bath at 70°C for 2 hours, stirring 3 times (5 minutes each time). The extract is coarsely filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth and enters a vacuum concentration tank. It is concentrated to 1 / 5 of the original volume under -0.08MPa and 60°C conditions, and then prepared into powder by a centrifugal spray dryer with a water content of ≤5%; allicin extraction adopts low-temperature molecular distillation technology. Fresh garlic is crushed and distilled at 40°C and 0.01MPa for 4 hours. The volatile oil concentrate is collected and mixed with a silica carrier in a ratio of 1:2 for adsorption to prepare solid allicin powder for later use.

[0022] Through constant temperature extraction combined with vacuum low-temperature concentration technology, water-soluble active substances in Chinese herbal medicines are efficiently extracted, and the extracts are quickly solidified by a spray drying process with 180°C air inlet, ensuring the stable retention of flavonoids and saponins. Molecular distillation technology is simultaneously used to directionally enrich volatile components such as allicin, and combined with silica carrier adsorption to form a stable solid powder, achieving efficient extraction and synergistic preservation of active ingredients of different properties, maximizing the antibacterial and antiparasitic effects of the Chinese herbal medicine group.

[0023] Among them, organic matter and nutrient carriers need to be fermented. The decomposed straw powder, soybean meal powder and seaweed powder are weighed according to the formula ratio and put into the double-shaft mixer. Mugwort powder and Phellodendron chinense powder are added, and then humic acid is added. The mixer is started for mixing. Pure water is sprayed during the mixing process to adjust the overall humidity. The final pH value of the pile is controlled within the range of 6.8-7.2. Then the microbial strain group is prepared according to the ratio of total bacterial count ≥5×10^8 CFU / g, diluted with sterile water to a concentration of 10%, and evenly sprayed on the surface of the mixed matrix for fermentation.

[0024] By precisely controlling the pH value of the pile and inoculating high-concentration bacteria to initiate directional fermentation, cellulose decomposition and humification reactions are promoted, generating a stable carrier rich in small-molecule organic acids and humic acid. This not only provides a long-term nutrient matrix for the microbial flora, but also passivates soil heavy metals through fermentation metabolites, thereby constructing a microecological environment that is conducive to the development of crop roots.

[0025] Among them, the microbial strain group needs to be embedded. Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma, rhizobium, and actinomycetes are respectively inoculated into the sterilized liquid culture medium for expansion, and then the bacterial mud is collected for standby use. The bacterial mud of rhizobia and photosynthetic bacteria is mixed with 2% sodium alginate solution in a volume ratio of 1:3, and is dripped into 4% calcium chloride solution at a flow rate of 1.5mL / min through a peristaltic pump to solidify into microcapsule embryos. The embryos are rinsed with sterile water and transferred to a spray drying tower to be dried into particles to make an embedded bacterial agent; the bacterial mud of Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma, and actinomycetes is mixed with a freeze-drying protective agent, pre-frozen to -40°C, and then placed in a vacuum freeze dryer for 24 hours to make freeze-dried bacterial powder.

[0026] Sodium alginate microcapsule encapsulation technology is used to protect rhizobia and photosynthetic bacteria from external environmental stress, ensuring the slow-release colonization of the bacteria in the soil; vacuum freeze-drying technology is used to prepare bacterial powders such as Bacillus subtilis, and the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane is maintained by freeze-drying protective agents, so that the survival rate of the bacterial agent is increased to more than 95%, ensuring that the bacterial community remains highly active during storage and application, and achieving long-term biological control and growth promotion effects.

[0027] Among them, after the fermentation of organic matter and nutrient carrier is completed, the fermented organic matter carrier, phosphate rock powder, potassium feldspar powder, diatomaceous earth, zeolite powder and trace element compound are put into a double-shaft mixer according to the formula ratio to prepare dry material, the equipment is started to mix, and after mixing, it is filtered through a 20-mesh vibrating screen to remove lumps. On the basis of the premixing of the dry material, freeze-dried bacterial powder and embedded bacterial agent are added in sequence, and a layered spreading method is adopted. After each bacterial agent is added, low-speed stirring is performed for 5 minutes, and then chitosan, polyglutamic acid, plant-derived potassium fulvic acid and microbial metabolites are added in sequence for mixing. At the end of mixing, the material temperature is ≤35°C to prevent inactivation of the bacteria, so as to obtain a uniformly mixed material.

[0028] By controlling the material temperature, thermal damage to the bacteria is avoided. At the same time, the electrostatic adsorption of chitosan and polyglutamic acid is used to fix the distribution of the bacterial community, ensuring that each gram of finished bacterial fertilizer contains a certain number of live bacteria, maintaining the diversity of the bacterial community and functional stability.

[0029] The uniformly mixed material is granulated and formed by a disc granulator, and the formed particles are sent to a low-temperature airflow drying tower to be dried until the surface moisture is ≤5% and the particle hardness after drying is ≥15N, thereby obtaining material particles.

[0030] The surface moisture is quickly removed to ≤5% through low-temperature airflow drying technology, forming a dense porous structure to prevent the loss of internal nutrients due to deliquescence.

[0031] Among them, the material particles need to be surface sprayed by mixing allicin powder and amino acid powder in proportion and dissolving them in 75% ethanol solution with a material-liquid ratio of 1:5. The mixture is fully dissolved by ultrasonic oscillation and evenly sprayed onto the surface of the particles through high-pressure spraying equipment. The spraying amount is controlled at 5%-6% of the total weight of the particles. After spraying, the particles are immediately sent to a 40°C circulating air drying oven for drying for 20 minutes to completely evaporate the ethanol, thereby obtaining a multifunctional microbial fertilizer as a Chinese herbal medicine carrier.

[0032] The high-pressure spraying process evenly coats the allicin-amino acid complex liquid on the surface of the particles, and uses 75% ethanol to quickly evaporate to form a microporous protective film, which not only prevents the internal bacteria from being activated by premature contact with soil moisture, but also achieves early insect repellent and disease prevention when sowing seeds and fertilizers at the same time through the immediate release of surfactants.

[0033] Among them, multifunctional microbial fertilizer is used as plant fertilizer.

[0034] As a plant fertilizer, it has the effect of inhibiting the growth and reproduction of harmful bacteria in the plant growth environment, preventing continuous crop diseases and the infestation of nematodes and aphids, while enhancing the plant's heat and cold resistance and disease resistance, and can improve soil structure and retain water and fertilizer.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0036] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional microbial fertilizer based on a Chinese herbal medicine carrier, characterized in that: include: A microbial strain group, a Chinese herbal medicine active ingredient group, organic matter and nutrient carriers, mineral elements and auxiliary ingredients and functional enhancers, wherein the microbial strain group is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 3% Bacillus subtilis, 2% Trichoderma, 2% Rhizobium, 2% Actinomycetes, 1% Photosynthetic bacteria; the Chinese herbal medicine active ingredients are composed of the following components by mass percentage: 5% Sophora flavescens extract, 4% Scutellaria baicalensis extract, 4% Phellodendron amurense, 3% Allicin, 3% Artemisia argyi, 3% Taraxacum extract, 3% Honeysuckle extract ; The organic matter and nutrient carrier are composed of the following components in mass percentage: humic acid 15%, decomposed straw powder 10%, soybean meal powder 8%, seaweed powder 5%, amino acid powder 2%; the mineral elements and auxiliary ingredients are composed of the following components in mass percentage: phosphate rock powder 5%, potassium feldspar powder 4%, diatomaceous earth 3%, trace element complex 2%, zeolite powder 1%; the functional enhancer is composed of the following components in mass percentage: chitosan 3%, polyglutamic acid 3%, plant-derived potassium fulvic acid 2%, and microbial metabolites 2%.

2. The multifunctional microbial fertilizer based on a Chinese herbal medicine carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Chinese herbal active ingredient group needs to be dried and crushed. The Chinese herbal raw materials such as Sophora flavescens, Scutellaria baicalensis, Phellodendron amurense, Artemisia argyi, Taraxacum mongolicum, and Lonicera japonica are classified and spread flat on a stainless steel tray with a single layer thickness of no more than 3 cm to avoid uneven heating. They are then transferred to a 60°C constant temperature drying oven for continuous drying for 8-12 hours. During this period, the raw materials are turned over every 2 hours and the moisture content is monitored until the raw materials have a crisp texture and a moisture content of ≤8%. The dried Chinese herbal raw materials are put into an ultrafine grinder in batches, filtered through an 80-mesh standard sieve, and the coarse particles that do not meet the standards are returned for secondary crushing.

3. The multifunctional microbial fertilizer based on Chinese herbal medicine carrier according to claim 2, characterized in that: After the Chinese herbal medicine active ingredient group is crushed, pure water is added to Sophora flavescens, Scutellaria baicalensis, Taraxacum mongolicum, and Lonicera japonica in a material-liquid ratio of 1:10, and the mixture is extracted in a constant-temperature water bath at 70°C for 2 hours, with stirring three times (5 minutes each time). The extract is coarsely filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth and then enters a vacuum concentration tank. The extract is concentrated to 1 / 5 of the original volume under the conditions of -0.08 MPa and 60°C, and then is prepared into powder by a centrifugal spray dryer with a water content of ≤5%. Allicin is extracted by adopting low-temperature molecular distillation technology. Fresh garlic is crushed and distilled at 40°C and 0.01 MPa for 4 hours. The volatile oil concentrate is collected and mixed with a silica carrier in a ratio of 1:2 for adsorption to prepare solid allicin powder for later use.

4. The multifunctional microbial fertilizer based on Chinese herbal medicine carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic matter and nutrient carrier need to be fermented. The decomposed straw powder, soybean meal powder and seaweed powder are weighed according to the formula ratio and put into a double-shaft mixer. Artemisia argyi powder and phellodendron chinense powder are added, and then humic acid is added. The mixer is started for mixing. Purified water is sprayed during the mixing process to adjust the overall humidity. The final pH value of the pile is controlled within the range of 6.8-7.

2. Then, the microbial strain group is prepared at a ratio of total bacterial count ≥5×10^8 CFU / g, diluted with sterile water to a concentration of 10%, and evenly sprayed onto the surface of the mixed matrix for fermentation.

5. The multifunctional microbial fertilizer based on Chinese herbal medicine carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial strain group needs to be embedded, and the method comprises the following steps: inoculating Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma, rhizobium, and actinomycetes into a sterilized liquid culture medium for expansion, collecting bacterial sludge for later use, mixing the bacterial sludge of rhizobium and photosynthetic bacteria with a 2% sodium alginate solution at a volume ratio of 1:3, dripping the mixture into a 4% calcium chloride solution at a flow rate of 1.5 mL / min through a peristaltic pump to solidify and form microcapsule embryos, rinsing the embryos with sterile water, transferring the mixture to a spray drying tower, and drying the mixture into particles to prepare an embedded bacterial agent; mixing the bacterial sludge of Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma, and actinomycetes with a freeze-drying protective agent, pre-freezing the mixture to -40°C, and then drying the mixture in a vacuum freeze dryer for 24 hours to prepare freeze-dried bacterial powder.

6. The multifunctional microbial fertilizer based on Chinese herbal medicine carrier according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the fermentation of the organic matter and the nutrient carrier is completed, the fermented organic carrier, phosphate rock powder, potassium feldspar powder, diatomaceous earth, zeolite powder and trace element composite agent are added into a double-shaft mixer according to the formula ratio to prepare dry material, the equipment is started to mix, and after mixing, lumps are removed by filtering through a 20-mesh vibrating screen. After the dry material is pre-mixed, freeze-dried bacterial powder and embedded bacterial agent are added in sequence, and a layered spreading method is adopted to stir at a low speed for 5 minutes after each bacterial agent is added. Subsequently, chitosan, polyglutamic acid, plant-derived potassium fulvate and microbial metabolites are added in sequence for mixing. At the end of mixing, the material temperature is ≤35° C. to prevent inactivation of the bacteria, so as to obtain a uniformly mixed material.

7. The multifunctional microbial fertilizer based on Chinese herbal medicine carrier according to claim 6, characterized in that: The uniformly mixed material is granulated and formed by a disc granulator, and the formed particles are sent to a low-temperature airflow drying tower for drying until the surface moisture is ≤5% and the particle hardness after drying is ≥15N, thereby obtaining material particles.

8. The multifunctional microbial fertilizer based on Chinese herbal medicine carrier according to claim 7, characterized in that: The material particles need to be surface-sprayed by mixing allicin powder and amino acid powder in proportion and dissolving them in a 75% ethanol solution with a material-liquid ratio of 1:

5. The mixture is fully dissolved by ultrasonic oscillation and evenly sprayed onto the particle surface by high-pressure spraying equipment. The spraying amount is controlled at 5%-6% of the total weight of the particles. After spraying, the particles are immediately sent to a 40°C circulating air drying oven for drying for 20 minutes to completely evaporate the ethanol, thereby preparing a multifunctional microbial fertilizer as a Chinese herbal medicine carrier.

9. The use of the multifunctional microbial fertilizer based on a Chinese herbal medicine carrier according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The multifunctional microbial fertilizer is used as a fertilizer for plants.