Easily stored cerium dioxide modified boron fuel and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a cerium dioxide modified boron fuel easy to store and a preparation method thereof, the method takes a boron fuel as a carrier, and the method adopts a hydrothermal method to load cerium dioxide particles on the surface of the boron fuel to prepare the cerium dioxide modified boron fuel easy to store. According to the hydrothermal method, cerium trichloride and ammonia water are used as raw materials, and the cerium trichloride and the ammonia water react in a hydrothermal kettle to generate cerium dioxide. The reaction temperature of the hydrothermal method is 180 DEG C, and the reaction time is 18 hours. And the particle size of the cerium dioxide particles is 1-10nm. The loading capacity of the cerium dioxide particles is 1.0 wt%-7.0 wt%. The temperature corresponding to the oxidation peak of the cerium dioxide modified boron fuel easy to store is 748-782 DEG C. The CeO2 in the CeO2 / B composite fuel prepared by the invention is particles on the surface of the boron fuel and is uniformly loaded on the surface of the boron fuel, and the CeO2 has the effects of stabilizing the boron fuel, improving the safety of the boron fuel and enabling the boron fuel to be easily stored for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of high-energy fuels, relates to boron fuel, and in particular to an easily storable cerium dioxide modified boron fuel and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of materials science and engineering, the storage method of boron particles (B) as fuel is a core and key factor that cannot be ignored. Boron particles have a series of outstanding advantages when used as fuel. It has a high energy density of 1310MJ / m 3 The volume calorific value and mass calorific value of boron fuel have reached 58.3MJ / kg. At the same time, its combustion products are pure, which fully complies with the concept of green environmental protection. Based on these excellent characteristics, the research and development of green and environmentally friendly boron-based propellants has attracted the attention of many scientific researchers and has become a research hotspot. However, in the actual application process of boron fuel, it has encountered difficult problems. During the long-term storage stage, boron fuel has a certain degree of safety risk. In the storage environment, as long as the conditions change slightly, it is very likely to trigger an unexpected oxidation reaction or even cause combustion, which undoubtedly poses a serious threat to storage facilities and personnel safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an easy-to-store cerium dioxide modified boron fuel and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problem in the existing technology that the long-term safe storage capacity of boron fuel needs to be further improved while ensuring the combustion performance of boron fuel.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for preparing an easily storable ceria-modified boron fuel is disclosed. The method uses the boron fuel as a carrier and adopts a hydrothermal method to load ceria particles on the surface of the boron fuel to prepare the easily storable ceria-modified boron fuel.

[0006] The present invention also has the following technical features:

[0007] Specifically, the hydrothermal method uses cerium trichloride (CeCl3) and ammonia water (NH3·H2O) as raw materials, and the cerium trichloride and ammonia water react in a hydrothermal kettle to generate cerium dioxide (CeO2).

[0008] Preferably, the reaction temperature of the hydrothermal method is 180° C. and the reaction time is 18 h.

[0009] Specifically, the method includes the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Pour the boron fuel into the polytetrafluoroethylene liner, add water, ultrasonicate, and magnetically stir. Measure the cerium trichloride solution and add it into the polytetrafluoroethylene liner and stir continuously.

[0011] Step 2: Add ammonia water into the polytetrafluoroethylene liner and stir thoroughly.

[0012] Step 3: Stop stirring, cover with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, place the polytetrafluoroethylene liner in the stainless steel shell of the hydrothermal kettle, tighten the hydrothermal kettle lid, and carry out the hydrothermal reaction.

[0013] Step 4: After the reaction is completed, the temperature is lowered to room temperature, the hydrothermal kettle is taken out and the product is collected by centrifugation. The product is washed with water and dried to obtain an easily storable cerium dioxide modified boron fuel.

[0014] Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Weigh 1g of boron fuel and pour it into a 50ml polytetrafluoroethylene liner, then add 20ml of deionized water, ultrasonicate for 5min, and magnetically stir for 10min. Use a pipette to measure 0.1mol / L cerium trichloride solution and add it to the polytetrafluoroethylene liner while stirring continuously.

[0016] Step 2: Measure 0.1 mol / L ammonia water, add it into the polytetrafluoroethylene liner and stir thoroughly for 30 minutes.

[0017] Step 3: Use a magnet to suck out the magnet, stop stirring, cover with a polytetrafluoroethylene lined cover, place the polytetrafluoroethylene liner in the stainless steel shell of the hydrothermal kettle, tighten the lid of the hydrothermal kettle, place the hydrothermal kettle in a forced air drying oven, set the temperature to 180°C, keep warm for 18 hours, and carry out the hydrothermal reaction.

[0018] Step 4: After the reaction is complete, wait until the temperature drops to room temperature, remove the hydrothermal reactor, and centrifuge the product. The product is then washed at least three times with deionized water, and the supernatant is tested with silver chloride solution until it is free of Cl-. The washed product is then dried in an oven to obtain a readily storable ceria-modified boron fuel.

[0019] The present invention also protects an easily storable cerium dioxide modified boron fuel, which is prepared by the method for preparing the easily storable cerium dioxide modified boron fuel as described above.

[0020] The particle size of the cerium dioxide particles is 1 to 10 nm.

[0021] Preferably, the loading amount of the cerium dioxide particles is 1.0 wt% to 7.0 wt%.

[0022] Preferably, the temperature corresponding to the oxidation peak of the easily storable ceria-modified boron fuel is 748°C to 782°C.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0024] (I) In the CeO2 / B composite fuel prepared by the present invention, CeO2 is in the form of particles on the surface of the boron fuel and is uniformly loaded on the surface of the boron fuel. The function of CeO2 is to stabilize the boron fuel, improve the safety of the boron fuel and facilitate its long-term storage.

[0025] (II) The CeO2 / B composite fuel prepared by the present invention has a relatively high oxidation temperature.

[0026] (III) The preparation method of the present invention is simple, efficient, reproducible and low-cost.

[0027] (IV) The preparation method adopted by the present invention has high control precision, is easy to industrialize, and shows good application prospects in the field of high-energy solid fuel modification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 TEM image of fuel B.

[0029] Figure 2 TEM image of 7.0wt% CeO2 / B composite fuel.

[0030] Figure 3 XPS Ce 3d, B 1s and O1s spectra of 7.0wt% CeO2 / B composite fuel.

[0031] Figure 4 XRD data of CeO2 / B composite fuel: a0 is B fuel, a1 is 3.5% wt-CeO2 / B, and a2 is 7.0wt%-CeO2 / B.

[0032] Figure 5 DSC data of CeO2 / B composite fuel: a0 is B fuel, a1 is 3.5% wt-CeO2 / B, and a2 is 7.0wt%-CeO2 / B.

[0033] Figure 6 TG data of CeO2 / B composite fuel: a0 is B fuel, a1 is 3.5% wt-CeO2 / B, and a2 is 7.0wt%-CeO2 / B.

[0034] The specific contents of the present invention are further explained in detail below with reference to the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all materials and equipment in the present invention are those known in the art.

[0036] From the perspective of materials science and engineering applications, this invention, by increasing boron's oxidation temperature and extending its ignition delay, plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety and stability of boron fuel in various storage environments. Cerium dioxide is an ideal oxide for loading, demonstrating potential advantages in delaying boron combustion and broad application prospects, potentially providing an effective solution to the storage challenges of boron fuel.

[0037] In the present invention, boron fuel refers to boron powder, which can also be referred to as boron particles or elemental boron; all four are synonymous. The boron fuel can be amorphous and / or crystalline, with a particle size distribution ranging from micrometers to nanometers. Preferably, the particle size of the boron fuel is 100 nm to 5 μm.

[0038] The easily storable cerium dioxide modified boron fuel of the present invention is used as a boron-based fuel in the field of explosives.

[0039] Specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent modifications made on the basis of the technical solution of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] Example:

[0041] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a cerium dioxide-modified boron fuel that is easy to store, the method comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Weigh 1g of boron fuel and pour it into a 50ml polytetrafluoroethylene liner, then add 20ml of deionized water, ultrasonicate for 5min, and magnetically stir for 10min. Use a pipette to measure 0.1mol / L cerium trichloride solution and add it to the polytetrafluoroethylene liner while stirring continuously.

[0043] Step 2: Measure 0.1 mol / L ammonia water, add it into the polytetrafluoroethylene liner and stir thoroughly for 30 minutes.

[0044] Step 3: Use a magnet to suck out the magnet, stop stirring, cover with a polytetrafluoroethylene lined cover, place the polytetrafluoroethylene liner in the stainless steel shell of the hydrothermal kettle, tighten the lid of the hydrothermal kettle, place the hydrothermal kettle in a forced air drying oven, set the temperature to 180°C, keep warm for 18 hours, and carry out the hydrothermal reaction.

[0045] Step 4: After the reaction is complete and the temperature drops to room temperature, remove the hydrothermal reactor and centrifuge to collect the product. The product is then washed at least three times with deionized water, and the supernatant is tested with silver chloride solution until it is free of Cl-. The washed product is then dried in an oven to obtain a readily storable cerium dioxide-modified boron fuel (i.e., CeO2 / B composite fuel).

[0046] In this embodiment, the amounts of cerium trichloride (CeCl 3 ) and ammonia water (NH 3 · H 2 O) are calculated based on the loading amount of cerium dioxide (CeO 2 ) particles.

[0047] Figure 1 This is the TEM picture of fuel B. Through transmission electron microscopy, it can be seen that the surface of fuel B does not contain any particles and has a regular morphology.

[0048] Figure 2 The TEM image of 7.0wt% CeO2 / B composite fuel shows that CeO2 is evenly distributed on the surface of B fuel in the form of particles with a size of about 1-10nm. This shows that the CeO2 particles prepared by this method are uniform and can be successfully attached to the surface of B fuel. Figure 2 It can also be seen that the particle size of CeO2 particles in 7.0 wt% CeO2 / B is 1 to 10 nm.

[0049] Figure 3 The XPS Ce 3d, B 1s and O1s spectra of 7.0wt% CeO2 / B composite fuel. The B1s spectrum at 187.4eV is assigned to B 0 The peak at 192.4 eV is attributed to B 3+ The peak of Ce 3d spectrum is attributed to Ce. 4+ The peak of , which shows that the hydrothermal generated species is CeO2.

[0050] Figure 4 XRD data for CeO2 / B composite fuel: a0 represents fuel B, a1 represents 3.5% wt-CeO2 / B, and a2 represents 7.0% wt-CeO2 / B. This indicates that hydrothermal addition of CeO2 to fuel B does not alter its crystalline structure.

[0051] TG-DSC test of CeO2 / B composite fuel:

[0052] Place the CeO2 / B composite fuel in an alumina crucible, place the crucible on the product table of the TG-DSC equipment, input the product mass and set the instrument's heating rate to 10K / min, the test temperature range to room temperature-900℃, and the test atmosphere to air atmosphere. In this way, the TG and DSC curves of the CeO2 / B composite fuel can be obtained.

[0053] Figure 5 DSC data for a 1.0 wt% CeO2 / B composite fuel: a0 represents fuel B, a1 represents 3.5 wt% CeO2 / B, and a2 represents 7.0 wt% CeO2 / B. The oxidation peak for fuel B is 677°C, for 3.5 wt% CeO2 / B it is 748°C, and for 7.0 wt% CeO2 / B it is 782°C. CeO2 modification significantly increases the oxidation temperature of fuel B, which increases significantly with the CeO2 loading.

[0054] Figure 6 The TG data of 1.0wt%-CeO2 / B composite fuel: a0 is B fuel, a1 is 3.5%wt-CeO2 / B, and a2 is 7.0wt%-CeO2 / B. Figure 5 The DSC results are consistent with those in .

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the CeO2 / B composite fuel prepared by the present invention has the advantages of good repeatability, environmental friendliness, and easy storage. The preparation process of this type of CeO2 / B composite fuel is simple and convenient. The hydrothermal method used in this experimental method has mild technical conditions, and the experimental drugs are all common laboratory drugs. The cost of preparing the product is low. The CeO2 / B composite fuel of the present invention is easy to prepare, has good repeatability, and is low in price, which greatly reduces the preparation cost of boron-based fuels and has good application prospects.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an easily storable ceria-modified boron fuel, characterized in that: The method uses boron fuel as a carrier and adopts a hydrothermal method to load cerium dioxide particles on the surface of the boron fuel to prepare cerium dioxide modified boron fuel that is easy to store.

2. The method for preparing the easily storable ceria-modified boron fuel according to claim 1, wherein: The hydrothermal method uses cerium trichloride and ammonia water as raw materials, and the cerium trichloride and ammonia water react in a hydrothermal kettle to generate cerium dioxide.

3. The method for preparing the easily storable ceria-modified boron fuel according to claim 2, wherein: The reaction temperature of the hydrothermal method is 180° C. and the reaction time is 18 h.

4. The method for preparing the easily storable ceria-modified boron fuel according to claim 1, wherein: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Pour the boron fuel into the polytetrafluoroethylene liner, add water, ultrasonicate, and magnetically stir, measure the cerium trichloride solution and add it into the polytetrafluoroethylene liner while stirring continuously; Step 2: Add ammonia water into the polytetrafluoroethylene liner and stir thoroughly; Step 3: Stop stirring, cover with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, place the polytetrafluoroethylene liner in the stainless steel shell of the hydrothermal kettle, tighten the lid of the hydrothermal kettle, and perform a hydrothermal reaction; Step 4: After the reaction is completed, the temperature is lowered to room temperature, the hydrothermal kettle is taken out and the product is collected by centrifugation. The product is washed with water and dried to obtain an easily storable cerium dioxide modified boron fuel.

5. The method for preparing the easily storable ceria-modified boron fuel according to claim 4, wherein: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Weigh 1g of boron fuel and pour it into a 50ml polytetrafluoroethylene liner, then add 20ml of deionized water, sonicate for 5min, and magnetically stir for 10min. Use a pipette to measure 0.1mol / L cerium trichloride solution and add it to the polytetrafluoroethylene liner while stirring continuously. Step 2: Measure 0.1 mol / L ammonia water, add it to the polytetrafluoroethylene liner and stir thoroughly for 30 minutes; Step 3: Use a magnet to suck out the magnet, stop stirring, cover with a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined cover, place the polytetrafluoroethylene liner in the stainless steel shell of the hydrothermal kettle, tighten the lid of the hydrothermal kettle, place the hydrothermal kettle in a forced air drying oven, set the temperature to 180°C, and keep warm for 18 hours to carry out the hydrothermal reaction; Step 4: After the reaction is completed, the hydrothermal kettle is removed and the product is collected by centrifugation after the temperature drops to room temperature. The product is washed with deionized water for more than 3 times and the supernatant is tested with silver chloride solution until there is no Cl-; the washed product is placed in an oven to dry to obtain an easy-to-store cerium dioxide modified boron fuel.

6. An easily storable ceria-modified boron fuel, characterized in that: The boron fuel is prepared by the preparation method of the easily storable cerium dioxide modified boron fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 5; The particle size of the cerium dioxide particles is 1 to 10 nm.

7. The easily storable ceria-modified boron fuel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The loading amount of the cerium dioxide particles is 1.0 wt% to 7.0 wt%.

8. The easily storable ceria-modified boron fuel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature corresponding to the oxidation peak of the easily storable ceria-modified boron fuel is 748° C. to 782° C.

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