Multifunctional thermal-insulation, fireproof and corrosion-resistant integrated material of nano aerogel composite layer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of fireproof materials, and particularly discloses a multifunctional thermal-insulation, fireproof and corrosion-resistant integrated material of a nano aerogel composite layer. 3-5 parts of a polyether type cross-linking agent; 20 to 30 parts of nano silicon aerogel powder; 10 to 15 parts of nano bentonite; 15 to 20 parts of phase change microcapsules; 8 to 12 parts of a non-halogen intumescent flame retardant; 4-6 parts of a molybdenum-phosphine type metal organic preservative; 1.5 to 2.5 parts of a silane coupling agent; 1-1.5 parts of a leveling agent; 0.5 to 1 part of a defoaming agent; 0.5 to 1 part of a pH regulator; 200 to 250 parts of deionized water; the nano silicon aerogel disclosed by the invention has extremely low heat conductivity, and a porous nano framework of the nano silicon aerogel can inhibit heat conduction on a molecular level to form an efficient heat insulation layer. When the temperature of the phase change microcapsules reaches a phase change temperature zone, external temperature sudden change is stabilized through the heat absorption and release effect, and dynamic heat regulation is achieved. And through the synergistic effect, the instantaneous temperature rise and the average heat flow can be reduced simultaneously, so that the overall heat preservation efficiency of the material is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fireproof material preparation, and in particular relates to a multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material with a nano-aerogel composite layer. Background Art

[0002] In numerous fields, including construction, industrial equipment, and aerospace, the demand for multifunctional materials is increasing, particularly for thermal insulation, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance. Traditional materials often only meet one or two of these performance requirements, making it difficult to provide comprehensive and effective protection in complex and changing application environments.

[0003] Regarding thermal insulation, conventional insulation materials such as polystyrene boards and rock wool, while effective at providing some insulation, suffer from relatively high thermal conductivity and limited insulation efficiency. These materials are unable to effectively smooth out transient temperature fluctuations, resulting in significant heat transfer and difficulty meeting requirements for precise temperature control. Furthermore, some traditional insulation materials may experience performance degradation over long-term use, impacting the stability of their insulation.

[0004] In terms of fire resistance, traditional fireproofing materials primarily rely on the addition of halogenated flame retardants to enhance their flame retardancy. However, these halogenated flame retardants produce toxic and harmful gases during combustion, posing serious risks to the environment and human health. Furthermore, the barrier layer formed by some fireproofing materials at high temperatures is not dense enough to effectively prevent oxygen and heat from penetrating deeper into the substrate, resulting in suboptimal flame retardancy and difficulty in providing reliable protection against fire.

[0005] In the field of corrosion protection, traditional anti-corrosion materials, such as paints and coatings, primarily rely on forming a physical barrier on the substrate surface to prevent the intrusion of corrosive media. However, this physical barrier is often not dense enough and is prone to developing microcracks or micropores over long-term use, allowing corrosive media to penetrate and cause electrochemical corrosion of the substrate. Furthermore, the interfacial bonding between traditional anti-corrosion materials and the substrate is weak, making the coating prone to detachment and other problems, making it unable to provide long-term and effective corrosion protection for the substrate.

[0006] At the same time, existing technologies lack an integrated material that simultaneously delivers efficient thermal insulation, reliable fire protection, and long-lasting corrosion resistance. In practical applications, these functions often require the use of separate materials, which not only increases construction difficulty and cost but can also lead to interface issues between the different materials, impacting overall performance. Furthermore, the complex and costly preparation processes of some multifunctional materials limit their widespread adoption.

[0007] Therefore, developing a multifunctional integrated material with efficient thermal insulation, reliable fire protection and long-term anti-corrosion properties, and adopting a simple and feasible preparation method, has important practical significance and application value.

[0008] In response to this, the inventors proposed a multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material of a nano-aerogel composite layer to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material of a nano-aerogel composite layer to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0011] A multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material with a nano-aerogel composite layer, comprising, by weight: 100 parts of a water-based acrylic emulsion (solid content 40%);

[0012] 3-5 parts of polyether crosslinking agent;

[0013] 20-30 parts of nano-silicon aerogel powder;

[0014] 10-15 parts of nano bentonite;

[0015] Phase change microcapsules (melting point 60°C) 15-20 parts;

[0016] 8-12 parts of non-halogen intumescent flame retardant;

[0017] 4-6 parts of molybdenum-phosphine type metal organic preservative;

[0018] 1.5-2.5 parts of silane coupling agent;

[0019] 1-1.5 parts of leveling agent;

[0020] 0.5-1 part of defoaming agent;

[0021] 0.5-1 part of pH regulator;

[0022] 200-250 parts of deionized water.

[0023] A method for preparing a multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material of a nano-aerogel composite layer, comprising the above-mentioned material, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1, mixing an aqueous acrylic emulsion, a polyether crosslinking agent and deionized water, letting the mixture stand for 3-5 minutes, and performing a precursor crosslinking reaction at room temperature to obtain a prepolymer;

[0025] S2, adding nano-silica aerogel powder and nano-bentonite to the prepolymer, and performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment to obtain a dispersion;

[0026] S3, adding phase change microcapsules and non-halogen intumescent flame retardant to the dispersion, and performing low-speed shear mixing to obtain a functional mixture;

[0027] S4, adding a molybdenum-phosphine type preservative, a silane coupling agent and a leveling agent to the functional mixture, performing an interface modification treatment to obtain a modified dispersion;

[0028] S5, adding a defoamer and a pH adjuster to the modified dispersion to suppress foam and adjust the system to neutrality to obtain a constructible composite coating;

[0029] S6, applying the constructable composite coating to the surface of the substrate, pre-baking and preliminarily curing it to obtain an intermediate;

[0030] S7, subjecting the intermediate to a temperature-raising curing treatment, performing double cross-linking and phase-change microcapsule shaping, to obtain a final composite layer.

[0031] Preferably, the ultrasonic dispersion treatment in step S2 is performed at a power of 300 W and for 5 minutes.

[0032] Preferably, the low-speed shear mixing treatment in step S3 is performed at 500 rpm for 10 minutes.

[0033] Preferably, the aqueous acrylic emulsion is selected from Rhoplex TM E-325, Neocryl TM At least one of XK-98 and Carbomer 940;

[0034] The polyether cross-linking agent is selected from at least one of polyethylene glycol diisocyanate (PEG-DI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI).

[0035] Preferably, the nano-silicon aerogel powder is selected from SiO2, At least one of M5 or EvonikOX-50;

[0036] The nano bentonite is selected from RD, Bentonite Wyoming or Na + At least one of .

[0037] Preferably, the phase change microcapsules are selected from at least one of paraffin wax-melamine formaldehyde microcapsules, palm wax-polyurea microcapsules and palm wax-polyurethane microcapsules;

[0038] The non-halogen intumescent flame retardant is selected from at least one of expanded graphite (EG), ammonium polyphosphate (APP) or ammonium tripolyphosphate (MPP).

[0039] Preferably, the molybdenum-phosphine type preservative is selected from sodium molybdate, ammonium phosphomolybdate or molybdenum ammonium diphosphonate;

[0040] The silane coupling agent is selected from at least one of γ-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane (KH-570), γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550) and γ-methacryloxyethyldimethoxysilane (KH-792).

[0041] Preferably, the leveling agent is selected from at least one of a polyether modified silicone leveling agent, a polyacrylic acid leveling agent and a polyethylene glycol modified polyacrylate leveling agent;

[0042] The defoamer is selected from silicone defoamers, polyether defoamers or fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether defoamers;

[0043] The pH regulator is at least one of triethanolamine and sodium hydroxide.

[0044] Preferably, the pre-baking condition in step S6 is 60° C. for 30 minutes; the preliminary curing condition is 75° C. for 20 minutes;

[0045] The curing conditions in step S7 are a temperature of 80° C. and a duration of 2 hours.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] (1) The nano-silica aerogel of the present invention has extremely low thermal conductivity, and its porous nano-skeleton can inhibit heat conduction at the molecular level, forming a highly efficient thermal insulation layer. When the temperature reaches the phase change temperature range, the phase change microcapsules stabilize external temperature changes through heat absorption and release effects, achieving dynamic thermal regulation. The synergistic effect of the two can simultaneously reduce instantaneous temperature rise and average heat flow, thereby significantly improving the overall thermal insulation efficiency of the material.

[0048] (2) The non-halogen intumescent flame retardant of the present invention rapidly expands into a carbonized thermal insulation layer under high temperature conditions and forms a dense carbon film with the organic matrix modified by the silane coupling agent, preventing oxygen and heat from being transferred deep into the substrate. Nano-bentonite releases structural water at high temperatures and constructs an aluminum oxide / silicon aluminum layer at the interface, further enhancing the barrier effect. The superposition of these two flame retardant pathways gives the material the characteristics of "blocking fire immediately when in contact with it and preventing fire for a longer period of time."

[0049] (3) The molybdenum-phosphine type metal organic preservative of the present invention can self-assemble into a highly dense molybdate / phosphate protective film in microcracks or micropores, actively blocking potential corrosion channels. The silane coupling agent forms a chemical bond between the substrate and the filler surface, enhancing the interfacial bonding force, providing a secondary barrier to the intrusion of external water vapor and ions, thereby inhibiting the electrochemical corrosion reaction at the root; through the construction of an organic-inorganic cross-linked network, covalent and hydrogen bond interactions occur between the polymer chain and the inorganic nanofiller, significantly improving the adhesion, anti-peeling performance and impact resistance of the coating. The optimization of rheological properties makes the coating tough during construction, has good conformability to the microscopic morphology of the substrate, and maintains a low stress state after curing to avoid cracking or delamination caused by stress accumulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the preparation method of a multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material of a nano-aerogel composite layer of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Example 1:

[0053] Building exterior wall insulation system

[0054] Material formula (coating wet film 1.0mm)

[0055] Acrylic emulsion (Rhoplex TM E-325) 100 copies

[0056] PEG-DI 4 parts

[0057] Nano-silicon aerogel ( SiO2) 25 parts

[0058] Nano bentonite ( RD) 12 copies

[0059] 18 parts of paraffin / melamine formaldehyde phase change microcapsules

[0060] 10 parts expanded graphite (EG)

[0061] 5 parts of sodium molybdate

[0062] KH-5702 copies

[0063] 1.2 parts of silicone leveling agent

[0064] 0.8 parts of polyether defoamer

[0065] 0.7 parts of triethanolamine

[0066] 220 parts deionized water

[0067] Preparation and construction

[0068] Precursor crosslinking: 100 parts of acrylic emulsion were mixed with 4 parts of PEG-DI and 60 parts of deionized water and allowed to stand at room temperature for 5 minutes to obtain a prepolymer;

[0069] Nanofiller dispersion: 25 parts of nano aerogel and 12 parts of nano bentonite were added to the prepolymer and ultrasonicated at 300W for 5 minutes to obtain a dispersion;

[0070] Functional filling: 18 parts of phase change microcapsules + 10 parts of EG were added to the dispersion and low sheared at 500 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a functional mixture;

[0071] Interface modification: 5 parts of sodium molybdate + 2 parts of KH-570 + 1.2 parts of leveling agent were added to the functional mixture and mixed for 5 minutes to obtain a modified dispersion;

[0072] Anti-foaming and pH adjustment: 0.8 parts of defoamer and 0.7 parts of triethanolamine were added to the modified dispersion and adjusted to pH 7.5 to obtain the coating;

[0073] Spray curing: Apply the coating to the cement-based wall by spraying (wet film 1.0 mm), let it stand naturally for 10 minutes, pre-bake at 60°C for 30 minutes, and cure at 80°C for 2 hours to obtain a composite layer.

[0074] As can be seen above, nano-silica aerogel has extremely low thermal conductivity. Its porous nano-skeleton inhibits heat conduction at the molecular level, forming a highly effective thermal insulation layer. When the temperature reaches the phase transition temperature range, the phase change microcapsules stabilize external temperature fluctuations through heat absorption and release, achieving dynamic thermal regulation. The synergistic effect of these two factors simultaneously reduces instantaneous temperature rise and average heat flow, significantly improving the overall thermal insulation efficiency of the material.

[0075] Example 2:

[0076] Petrochemical pipeline outdoor insulation and anti-corrosion system

[0077] Material formula (coating wet film 1.2mm)

[0078] Acrylic emulsion (Neocryl TM XK-98) 100 copies

[0079] 5 copies of IPDI

[0080] Nano-silicon aerogel ( M5) 22 copies

[0081] Nano bentonite ( Na + ) 15 copies

[0082] Palm wax / polyurethane phase change microcapsules 16 parts

[0083] 12 parts of ammonium polyphosphate (APP)

[0084] 4 parts of ammonium molybdenum diphosphonate

[0085] KH-550 2.5 copies

[0086] 1.0 part of polyacrylic acid leveling agent

[0087] 0.6 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether defoamer

[0088] 0.5 parts of sodium hydroxide

[0089] 210 parts deionized water

[0090] Preparation and construction

[0091] IPDI was mixed with 100 parts of acrylic emulsion and 55 parts of water and reacted at room temperature for 4 minutes to obtain a prepolymer;

[0092] 22 parts of aerogel and 15 parts of bentonite were added to the prepolymer and ultrasonicated at 300W for 6min to obtain a dispersion;

[0093] 16 parts of phase change microcapsules + 12 parts of APP were added to B and sheared at 500 rpm for 12 min to obtain a functional mixture;

[0094] 4 parts of ammonium molybdenum diphosphonate + 2.5 parts of KH-550 + 1 part of leveling agent were added to the functional mixture and stirred for 6 minutes to obtain a modified dispersion;

[0095] 0.6 parts of defoamer + 0.5 parts of NaOH were added to D, pH was adjusted to 7.6, and the coating was obtained;

[0096] The composite layer was obtained by scraping 1.2mm on the steel pipe, letting it stand naturally for 8 minutes, pre-baking at 60℃ for 25 minutes, and curing at 80℃ for 2.5 hours.

[0097] As can be seen above, the non-halogenated intumescent flame retardant rapidly expands into a carbonized insulation layer under high temperature conditions. This, combined with the organic matrix modified with the silane coupling agent, forms a dense carbon film, preventing oxygen and heat from penetrating deeper into the substrate. Nano-bentonite releases structural water at high temperatures and forms an alumina / silicon-aluminum layer at the interface, further enhancing the barrier effect. The combination of these two flame-retardant pathways gives the material the properties of immediate and durable flame resistance.

[0098] Example 3:

[0099] The samples in Example 1 and Example 2 were tested as follows:

[0100] 1. Sample preparation

[0101] Sample specifications: All specimens were prepared as solid plates of 300 mm × 300 mm × 20 mm. The coating thickness was strictly controlled to 1.0 mm (for the prior art and Example 1) or 1.2 mm (for Example 2). The dry film thickness was measured using a PosiTector 6000 coating thickness gauge with an allowable deviation of ±0.05 mm.

[0102] Curing conditions:

[0103] Example 1, prior art: pre-baking at 60°C for 30 minutes, curing at 80°C for 2 hours;

[0104] Example 2: pre-baking at 60°C for 25 minutes and curing at 80°C for 2.5 hours.

[0105] 2. Thermal conductivity determination (ASTM C518)

[0106] Equipment: Hot Disk TPS2500S heat flow meter; sensor model: SDHC-3.

[0107] Environment: Room temperature 23±2℃, relative humidity 50±5%.

[0108] Sample status: dried to constant weight (dried in an oven at 105°C for 2 h).

[0109] step:

[0110] Place a heat flow sensor on each side of the sample and add a PTFE insulation pad in the middle to ensure good thermal contact;

[0111] Apply a 1W heat flux pulse and record the temperature-time curve;

[0112] The thermal conductivity was calculated by software fitting and the arithmetic mean was taken after three repetitions.

[0113] data:

[0114] Existing technology: 0.045W / (m·K)

[0115] Example 1: 0.027W / (m·K)

[0116] Example 2: 0.029W / (m·K)

[0117] 3. Fire resistance test (ISO 834 high temperature furnace method)

[0118] Equipment: Nabertherm L3 / 11 / P330 high-temperature test furnace; temperature control accuracy ±1°C.

[0119] Sample: 300×300×20mm coated plate.

[0120] program:

[0121] Heating curve: According to ISO 834 standard, 5℃ / min from room temperature to 650℃;

[0122] Holding stage: 650℃ flame zone lasts for 120min;

[0123] Monitoring: Digital thermometers (thermocouple K type) are placed at the center and four corners of the back plate to record the back plate temperature.

[0124] Judgment: If the temperature rise at any point of the backplane exceeds 140℃, it will be regarded as damaged.

[0125] result:

[0126] Existing technology: 60min destruction;

[0127] Example 1: >120min without damage;

[0128] Example 2: No damage after >120 min.

[0129] 4. Salt spray corrosion test (ASTM B117)

[0130] Equipment: PHENIX CS250 salt spray test chamber; temperature 35±1℃.

[0131] Solution: 5 wt% NaCl saturated solution, pH 6.5–7.2.

[0132] Sample hanging: The sample plate is hung in the center of the spray chamber at a 20° tilt to ensure circulating spray coverage.

[0133] cycle:

[0134] Existing technology: 96h;

[0135] Example 1: 200h;

[0136] Example 2: 480h.

[0137] Observation and recording: Unpack and inspect once every 24 hours, and record the area and number of rust spots (visual inspection combined with quantitative analysis using ImageJ software).

[0138] Evaluation criteria: No exposed substrate, rust rate <1% is qualified.

[0139] 5. Combustion performance (UL-94 vertical test, ASTM D3801)

[0140] Equipment: Tinius Olsen UL-94 combustion test machine.

[0141] Sample: 125×13×1.2mm strip, with smooth edges.

[0142] Test steps:

[0143] Stage 1: Direct flame action for 10 seconds, remove the flame, and observe the self-extinguishing time;

[0144] Stage 2: Repeat the above steps and record whether the dripping material burns.

[0145] Classification: V-0 (self-extinguishing twice within 10 seconds, no dripping); V-1 (self-extinguishing twice within 30 seconds, dripping may occur); V-2 (self-extinguishing twice within 30 seconds, dripping may occur).

[0146] result:

[0147] Prior Art: Not rated;

[0148] Example 1: V-0;

[0149] Example 2: V-0.

[0150] 6. Comprehensive comparison is shown in Table 1 below:

[0151] Table 1

[0152] Indicators / Samples Existing silane-epoxy thermal insulation coating Example 1 Example 2 Thermal conductivity (W / m·K) 0.045 0.027 0.029 Test Method ASTM C518 ASTM C518 ASTM C518 Fire resistance limit (min) 60 >120 >120 Test Method ISO834 ISO834 ISO834 Salt spray tolerance time (h) 96 200 480 Test Method ASTM B117 ASTM B117 ASTM B117 UL-94 grade none V-0 V-0 Test Method ASTM D3801 ASTM D3801 ASTM D3801

[0153] The above data show that the two embodiments of the present invention are significantly superior to the existing technology in terms of thermal conductivity, fire resistance, corrosion resistance and flame retardancy, and can meet higher standards of engineering application requirements.

[0154] Thermal conductivity: The material of this invention uses the dual mechanism of nano-aerogel and phase-change microcapsules to reduce the thermal conductivity by 40% compared with the existing technology, thus significantly saving energy.

[0155] Flame retardant performance: Under high temperature, the intumescent flame retardant works together with the carbonized layer to increase the fire resistance by 100%, greatly improving safety;

[0156] Anti-corrosion performance: Molybdenum-phosphine preservatives combined with the microenvironmental protection of phase change microcapsules double the salt spray resistance time, making it suitable for more harsh environments.

[0157] As can be seen from the above, molybdenum-phosphine metal organic corrosion inhibitors can self-assemble into a highly dense molybdate / phosphate protective film in microcracks or micropores, actively blocking potential corrosion pathways. Silane coupling agents form chemical bonds between the matrix and filler surfaces, enhancing interfacial bonding and providing a secondary barrier to external moisture and ion intrusion, thereby inhibiting electrochemical corrosion reactions at their source.

[0158] By constructing an organic-inorganic crosslinked network, covalent and hydrogen-bonding interactions occur between the polymer chains and the inorganic nanofillers, significantly enhancing the coating's adhesion, peel resistance, and impact resistance. Optimized rheological properties ensure the coating's toughness during application, allowing for excellent conformability to the substrate's microstructure. After curing, the coating maintains a low stress state, preventing cracking or delamination due to stress buildup.

[0159] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0160] In the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, only the structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are involved. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0161] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material with a nano-aerogel composite layer, characterized in that: Calculated by mass, it includes: 100 parts of water-based acrylic emulsion; 3-5 parts of polyether crosslinking agent; 20-30 parts of nano-silicon aerogel powder; 10-15 parts of nano bentonite; 15-20 parts of phase change microcapsules; 8-12 parts of non-halogen intumescent flame retardant; 4-6 parts of molybdenum-phosphine type metal organic preservative; 1.5-2.5 parts of silane coupling agent; 1-1.5 parts of leveling agent; 0.5-1 part of defoaming agent; 0.5-1 part of pH regulator; 200-250 parts of deionized water.

2. A method for preparing a multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material of a nano-aerogel composite layer, comprising the material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, mixing an aqueous acrylic emulsion, a polyether crosslinking agent and deionized water, letting the mixture stand for 3-5 minutes, and performing a precursor crosslinking reaction at room temperature to obtain a prepolymer; S2, adding nano-silica aerogel powder and nano-bentonite to the prepolymer, and performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment to obtain a dispersion; S3, adding phase change microcapsules and non-halogen intumescent flame retardant to the dispersion, and performing low-speed shear mixing to obtain a functional mixture; S4, adding a molybdenum-phosphine type preservative, a silane coupling agent and a leveling agent to the functional mixture, performing an interface modification treatment to obtain a modified dispersion; S5, adding a defoamer and a pH adjuster to the modified dispersion to suppress foam and adjust the system to neutrality to obtain a constructible composite coating; S6, applying the constructable composite coating to the surface of the substrate, pre-baking and preliminarily curing it to obtain an intermediate; S7, subjecting the intermediate to a temperature-raising curing treatment, performing double cross-linking and phase-change microcapsule shaping, to obtain a final composite layer.

3. The method for preparing a multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material of a nano-aerogel composite layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conditions for the ultrasonic dispersion treatment in step S2 are a power of 300 W and a duration of 5 minutes.

4. The method for preparing a multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material of a nano-aerogel composite layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The low-speed shear mixing treatment in step S3 is performed at 500 rpm for 10 minutes.

5. The method for preparing a multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material of a nano-aerogel composite layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aqueous acrylic emulsion is selected from Rhoplex TM E-325, Neocryl TM At least one of XK-98 and Carbomer 940; The polyether cross-linking agent is selected from at least one of polyethylene glycol diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate.

6. The method for preparing a multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material of a nano-aerogel composite layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nano silicon aerogel powder is selected from SiO2, At least one of the M5 or Evonik OX-50; The nano bentonite is selected from RD, Bentonite Wyoming or Na + At least one of .

7. The method for preparing a multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material of a nano-aerogel composite layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The phase change microcapsules are selected from at least one of paraffin wax-melamine formaldehyde microcapsules, palm wax-polyurea microcapsules and palm wax-polyurethane microcapsules; The non-halogen intumescent flame retardant is selected from at least one of expanded graphite, ammonium polyphosphate and ammonium tripolyphosphate.

8. The method for preparing a multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material of a nano-aerogel composite layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The molybdenum-phosphine type preservative is selected from sodium molybdate, ammonium phosphomolybdate or molybdenum ammonium diphosphonate; The silane coupling agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of γ-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and γ-methacryloxyethyldimethoxysilane.

9. The method for preparing a multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material of a nano-aerogel composite layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The leveling agent is selected from at least one of a polyether modified silicone leveling agent, a polyacrylic acid leveling agent and a polyethylene glycol modified polyacrylate leveling agent; The defoamer is selected from silicone defoamers, polyether defoamers or fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether defoamers; The pH regulator is at least one of triethanolamine and sodium hydroxide.

10. The method for preparing a multifunctional thermal insulation, fireproof and anti-corrosion integrated material of a nano-aerogel composite layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pre-baking condition in step S6 is 60°C for 30 minutes; the preliminary curing condition is 75°C for 20 minutes; The curing conditions in step S7 are a temperature of 80° C. and a duration of 2 hours.

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