An excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of trench excavation and backfilling equipment, and discloses an excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction. The excavator includes a bucket movably connected to the boom, a filter cylinder, a telescopic cylinder, and a support frame inside the bucket. The telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bucket, and a lifting roller is connected to its free end. Four to eight sets of telescopic cylinders and lifting rollers are provided, each lifting the filter cylinder from both sides. This excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction, with its bucket and filter cylinder, can screen out large stones in the soil during backfilling, preventing hard stones from damaging the pipeline's oxide layer. Simultaneously, the bucket is connected to the filter cylinder via the support frame or telescopic cylinder. During excavation, the support frame bears the impact force of the filter cylinder, while during screening, the telescopic cylinder bears the main impact force, ensuring the reliability and service life of the bearings, hydraulic motor, and hydraulic system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of trench excavation and backfilling equipment, and in particular to an excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction. Background Technology

[0002] With its characteristics of being lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and easy to process, aluminum-magnesium alloy pipes have significant advantages in medium- and low-pressure, medium- and low-temperature, and weight-sensitive applications, making them one of the ideal alternatives to traditional metal pipes.

[0003] A dense oxide film naturally forms on the surface of aluminum-magnesium alloys, preventing further corrosion of the internal metal. It is particularly stable in air, fresh water, and neutral solutions. However, the oxide film is brittle and may crack or peel off if subjected to severe impact, bending, or friction, thus losing its protective function.

[0004] Excavators are commonly used tools in pipeline laying, and their operational capabilities can be varied by equipping them with different attachments. During backfilling, to prevent large stones from damaging the oxide layer of the pipeline, excavators are usually equipped with screening buckets, which can effectively filter out large, hard stones during backfilling.

[0005] The screening bucket consists of a bucket, a filter cylinder, and a hydraulic motor. The hydraulic motor directly drives the filter cylinder. In actual operation, the screening bucket often generates significant impact forces during screening and digging operations. Specifically, when the screening bucket digs material, the moment the bucket contacts hard materials (such as stones, concrete blocks, etc.), a strong collision impact is generated. During the screening process, the friction and compression between the rotating filter cylinder and the material, as well as the tumbling and falling of the material within the filter cylinder, also create continuous and unstable impact forces. These impact forces act directly on the shaft and bearings of the screening bucket, and because the shaft and bearings are rigidly connected to the hydraulic motor, the impact forces are further transmitted to the hydraulic motor.

[0006] This continuous impact force can have many adverse effects on the relevant components. For bearings, frequent impact loads can cause fatigue damage to their raceways and rolling elements, accelerate wear, reduce their precision and load-bearing capacity, and shorten their service life. For hydraulic motors, the transmission of impact force will subject their internal components (such as rotors, stators, and distributor plates) to additional stress, which can easily lead to deformation, cracks, or even failure of the components. This will not only reduce the reliability of the hydraulic motor but also significantly shorten its service life. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application proposes an excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction, which has a bucket and a filter cylinder. During backfilling, it can screen out large stones in the soil, preventing hard stones from damaging the oxide layer of the pipeline. At the same time, the hydraulic motor is almost unaffected by impact force while driving the filter cylinder to rotate, which can ensure the reliability and service life of the bearings, hydraulic motor and hydraulic system.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: an excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction, comprising a bucket movably connected to the boom, a filter cylinder being provided inside the bucket, and further comprising:

[0009] The telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bucket, and its free end is connected to the lifting roller. There are four to eight sets of telescopic cylinders and lifting rollers. The four to eight sets of telescopic cylinders and lifting rollers lift the filter cylinder from both sides of the filter cylinder. The telescopic cylinder is connected to the buffer chamber.

[0010] The support frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bucket. When the telescopic cylinder retracts, the support frame supports the filter cylinder.

[0011] The drive assembly includes a hydraulic motor, the output shaft of which is connected to a connecting cylinder via a radially movable coupling. The connecting cylinder is connected to a slider via a thrust bearing, and the two sides of the thrust bearing are connected to the slider via elastic pads.

[0012] Furthermore, the filter cartridge is provided with an annular support rail corresponding to the position of the lifting roller. When the filter cartridge rotates, the lifting roller rolls on the support rail. Both the lifting roller and the support rail are conical, and their conical surfaces fit together, allowing the lifting roller to absorb part of the axial impact.

[0013] Furthermore, the telescopic cylinder is connected to the lifting roller via a connecting shaft, and both ends of the connecting shaft are provided with elastic telescopic rods, on which the lifting roller is mounted.

[0014] Furthermore, the telescopic cylinder is connected to the excavator's hydraulic system via a connecting cylinder. The connecting cylinder includes a cylinder fixedly connected to the bucket, with a first movable plug movably connected inside the cylinder. A buffer chamber is located at the top of the cylinder and stores compressed gas. The lower part of the buffer chamber is connected to the telescopic cylinder. A pressure port is provided on one side of the cylinder. With the first movable plug as the boundary, the connection port between the buffer chamber and the cylinder is located on the side opposite to the pressure port. When the pressure port is connected to high pressure, the first movable plug can pass through the connection port between the buffer chamber and the cylinder. After the first movable plug passes through the buffer chamber, it separates the excavator's hydraulic system from the telescopic cylinder, preventing the impact force from being transmitted to the hydraulic system.

[0015] Furthermore, a second movable plug is provided inside the cylinder, with the first movable plug as the boundary. The cylinder is located at the end opposite to the pressure port, and the end opposite to the pressure port is connected to the atmosphere. A pre-compressed spring is provided between the second movable plug and the cylinder. The pressure port is located between the first and second movable plugs. On the one hand, this ensures that the first movable plug can pass through the buffer cavity, and on the other hand, the spring can ensure that the first movable plug is reset.

[0016] Furthermore, the pressure port is connected to the high-pressure port of the hydraulic motor.

[0017] Furthermore, the support frame includes a bracket fixedly connected to the bucket, a support plate is provided on the bracket, and a force-bearing cylinder corresponding to the support plate is provided on the filter cylinder. A limiting edge is provided on the side of the support plate, which can lock the side of the force-bearing cylinder. During excavation, the instantaneous impact generated is mostly axial impact force. The axial impact force is directly applied to the support by the limiting edge and finally applied to the bucket.

[0018] Furthermore, the tray is fixedly connected with plugs and positioning blocks. The positioning blocks can be inserted into the gaps of the filter cartridge. When the positioning blocks are inserted into the gaps of the filter cartridge, each plug is precisely inserted into the gap of the filter cartridge.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0020] This application provides an excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction, which has a bucket and a filter cylinder. During backfilling, it can screen out large stones in the soil, preventing hard stones from damaging the oxide layer of the pipeline. At the same time, while the hydraulic motor drives the filter cylinder to rotate, it is almost unaffected by impact force, which can ensure the reliability and service life of the bearings, hydraulic motor and hydraulic system.

[0021] Secondly, the bucket is connected to the filter cartridge via a support frame or telescopic cylinder. During excavation, the support frame bears the impact force of the filter cartridge, and the impact force is directly transmitted to the bucket through the support frame. During screening, the impact force generated is mainly radial, which is borne by the telescopic cylinder. When subjected to a large instantaneous impact, the telescopic cylinder can retract and buffer. The axial impact force is borne by the slider, which buffers the axial impact through pads to prevent the instantaneous load from exceeding the rated load. Each structure can more rationally and effectively bear the impact force. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort:

[0023] Figure 1This is the left front view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a rear view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is the left rear view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the driving component in the invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame in this invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame and filter cylinder in this invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting cylinder in this invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Boom; 2. Bucket; 3. Filter cartridge; 4. Support frame; 401. Bracket; 402. Pallet; 403. Limiting edge; 404. Positioning block; 405. Plug; 406. Force-bearing cylinder; 5. Telescopic cylinder; 6. Lifting roller; 7. Support rail; 8. Drive assembly; 801. Hydraulic motor; 802. Radial movable coupling; 803. Thrust bearing; 804. Connecting cylinder; 805. Slider; 806. Pad; 9. Connecting cylinder; 901. Cylinder; 902. First moving plug; 903. Second moving plug; 904. Drive chamber; 905. Pressure chamber; 906. Adjustment chamber; 907. Buffer chamber; 908. Connector; 909. Pressure port; 10. Connecting shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-4(The main body of the excavator is omitted in the figure; only part of the boom and bucket are shown.) An excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction includes a bucket 2 movably connected to the boom 1. The lower part of the bucket 2 is hollow, allowing soil to pass freely through the bottom of the bucket 2. A filter cylinder 3 is installed inside the bucket 2. A support frame 4, a telescopic cylinder 5, and a drive assembly 8 are provided at the bottom of the bucket 2. The support frame 4 and the telescopic cylinder 5 are both fixedly connected to the bucket 2. A lifting roller 6 is connected to the free end of the telescopic cylinder 5. There are four to eight sets of telescopic cylinders 5 and lifting rollers 6, located on both sides of the bucket 2. When the telescopic cylinder 5 extends, the lifting roller 6 can lift the filter cylinder 3. When the telescopic cylinder 5 retracts, the support frame 4 lifts the filter cylinder 3. The filter cylinder 3 has an annular support rail 7 corresponding to the position of the lifting roller 6. When the filter cylinder 3 rotates, the lifting roller 6 rolls on the support rail 7. The outer side of the lifting roller 6 has a flange. When the filter cylinder 3 moves axially... The support rail 7 is blocked by the flange. The drive assembly 8 includes a hydraulic motor 801. The hydraulic motor 801 and the telescopic cylinder 5 can be connected to the hydraulic system of the excavator. When the hydraulic motor 801 is connected to the hydraulic system, the hydraulic motor 801 rotates. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor 801 is connected to the connecting cylinder 804 through a radially movable coupling 802. The radially movable coupling 802 is connected to the connecting cylinder 804 through a spline. The connecting cylinder 804 is connected to the connecting disc at the end of the filter cylinder 3 by bolts. In this embodiment, the radially movable coupling 802 adopts a cross-slider coupling. In order to limit the axial movement of the filter cylinder 3, the connecting cylinder 804 is connected to a slider 805 through a thrust bearing 803. The end of the bucket 2 is provided with a T-shaped groove corresponding to the slider 805. When the bucket 2 and the filter cylinder 3 are horizontal, the groove is vertical. The two sides of the thrust bearing 803 are connected to the slider 805 through elastic pads 806.

[0033] During excavation, the telescopic cylinder 5 is connected to the low-pressure system and is in the retracted state. The filter cylinder 3 is supported by the support frame 4. During excavation, the instantaneous impact force acts directly on the bucket 2 through the support frame 4 without damaging the hydraulic and support structures on the bucket 2. When excavation and screening are completed, the telescopic cylinder 5 is connected to the high-pressure system and is in the extended state. The filter cylinder 3 is supported by the lifting roller 6 and the telescopic cylinder 5, and the filter cylinder 3 can rotate freely. At the same time, the radial impact force generated during screening is separated by the radially movable coupling 802, and the axial impact force is buffered by the pad 806. The thrust bearing 803 experiences less impact force, improving the reliability and service life of the equipment.

[0034] To further reduce the impact of axial impact forces, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 6Both the lifting roller 6 and the support rail 7 are tapered, and their tapered surfaces fit together. Under the action of the tapered surfaces, part of the axial impact force is converted into radial force, and part is offset by friction. The telescopic cylinder 5 is connected to the lifting roller 6 through the connecting shaft 10. Both ends of the connecting shaft 10 are provided with elastic telescopic rods. The lifting roller 6 is installed on the telescopic rods, and the telescopic rods can also absorb part of the axial impact.

[0035] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 7 During material screening, the radial impact force generated is transmitted to the bucket 2 by the telescopic cylinder 5 and the lifting roller 6. To reduce the impact force on the telescopic cylinder 5, the telescopic cylinder 5 is connected to the excavator's hydraulic system via a connecting cylinder 9. The connecting cylinder 9 includes a cylinder 901 fixedly connected to the bucket 2. A second moving plug 903 and a first moving plug 902 are movably connected inside the cylinder 901. The second moving plug 903 and the first moving plug 902 divide the interior of the cylinder 901 into an adjustment chamber 906, a pressure chamber 905, and a drive chamber 904 in sequence. The drive chamber 904 is connected to the excavator's hydraulic system via a pressure port 909. A pre-compressed spring is provided between 903 and cylinder 901. Adjustment chamber 906 is connected to the atmosphere. The top of pressure chamber 905 is connected to buffer chamber 907, which is located above cylinder 901. The bucket 2 rotates no more than 180 degrees in the plane, and buffer chamber 907 is always located at the top. Buffer chamber 907 stores compressed gas. The connector 908 at the bottom of buffer chamber 907 is connected to telescopic cylinder 5. When pressure port 909 is connected to high pressure, the first moving plug 902 can pass through the connection between buffer chamber 907 and cylinder 901. When pressure port 909 is connected to high pressure, the first moving plug 902... Under pressure, liquid flows into the telescopic cylinder 5 through connector 908, causing the telescopic cylinder 5 to extend. Simultaneously, the gas in the buffer chamber 907 is compressed. When the telescopic cylinder 5 reaches its maximum extension, the first moving plug 902 continues to move under pressure, compressing the spring connected to the second moving plug 903. The first moving plug 902 passes the connection between the buffer chamber 907 and the cylinder 901 until the pressure on both sides of the first moving plug 902 is balanced. At this point, the connection between the buffer chamber 907 and the cylinder 901 is blocked by the first moving plug 902. The impact force absorbed by the telescopic cylinder 5 and the lifting roller 6 is not obstructed and will not act on the hydraulic system. At this time, the compressed gas in the buffer chamber 907 can buffer the impact force on the telescopic cylinder 5 and the lifting roller 6, and improve the service life of the telescopic cylinder 5 and the lifting roller 6. The pressure port 909 is connected to the high pressure port of the hydraulic motor 801. When the hydraulic motor 801 rotates, the pressure port 909 is also connected to the high pressure. When the hydraulic motor 801 is disconnected from the excavator hydraulic system, the hydraulic motor 801 will continue to rotate under inertia, so that the high pressure in the pressure port 909 is discharged through the hydraulic motor 801, the connecting cylinder 9 is reset, and the telescopic cylinder 5 retracts. The telescopic cylinder 5 does not require an additional control system and is compatible with the existing hydraulic system.

[0036] On the one hand, since the connection between the telescopic cylinder 5 and the lifting roller 6 and the bucket 2 is a flexible connection, it can effectively buffer the impact force. Compared with the traditional shaft impact transmission, the instantaneous impact is greatly reduced, improving reliability and service life. On the other hand, the bearing on the lifting roller 6 is relatively small in size, and the replacement cost is also relatively small.

[0037] Because small clumps of mud and gravel can pass directly through the filter cylinder 3, a portion of the soil scooped up by the bucket 2 and filter cylinder 3 is always lost during ditch backfilling. Therefore, please refer to... Figures 5-6 The support frame 4 includes a bracket 401 fixedly connected to the bucket 2. The bracket 401 is provided with a support plate 402. The filter cylinder 3 is provided with a force-bearing cylinder 406 corresponding to the support plate 402. When the telescopic cylinder 5 retracts, the force-bearing cylinders 406 at both ends of the filter cylinder 3 are placed on the support plate 402, and the support plate 402 bears the weight of the filter cylinder 3. In order to ensure the stability of the filter cylinder 3, the support plates 402 on both sides are provided with limiting edges 403. The limiting edges 403 can lock the sides of the force-bearing cylinders 406. During excavation, the instantaneous impact generated is mostly axial impact force. The axial impact force is directly applied to the support 401 by the limiting edges 403 and finally applied to the bucket 2. The support plate 402 is fixedly connected with the plug cylinder 405 and the positioning block 404. The positioning block 404 can be inserted into the gap of the filter cylinder 3 to complete the positioning. After the positioning block 404 is positioned, each plug cylinder 405 is just stuck in the gap of the filter cylinder 3, reducing the gap at the bottom of the filter cylinder 3. During excavation, the gap at the bottom of the filter cylinder 3 is reduced, which can effectively reduce the amount of soil leakage. In the screening process, the filter cylinder 3 moves relative to the plug cylinder 405. If there is soil stuck on the plug cylinder 405, the filter cylinder 3 can scrape the soil away to ensure that the gap between the filter cylinder 3 and the support frame 4 will not be blocked by soil.

[0038] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction, comprising a bucket (2) movably connected to a boom (1), wherein a filter cylinder (3) is provided inside the bucket (2), characterized in that, Also includes: The telescopic cylinder (5) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bucket (2), and its free end is connected to the lifting roller (6). The telescopic cylinder (5) and the lifting roller (6) are provided in four to eight sets. The four to eight sets of telescopic cylinders (5) and lifting rollers (6) lift the filter cylinder (3) from both sides of the filter cylinder (3). The telescopic cylinder (5) is connected to the buffer chamber (907). The buffer chamber (907) can absorb the pressure of the telescopic cylinder (5). The drive assembly (8) includes a hydraulic motor (801), the output shaft of which is connected to a connecting cylinder (804) via a radially movable coupling (802). The connecting cylinder (804) is connected to a slider (805) via a thrust bearing (803). The two sides of the thrust bearing (803) are connected to the slider (805) via elastic pads (806). The slider (805) is embedded in the axial groove of the bucket (2). The support frame (4) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bucket (2), and both ends of it are provided with limiting flanges (403) corresponding to the filter cylinder (3). During excavation, the telescopic cylinder (5) switches to the retracted state, the filter cylinder (3) is supported by the support frame (4), and the limiting edges (403) at both ends lock the two ends of the filter cylinder (3); During screening, the telescopic cylinder (5) switches to the extended state, the filter cylinder (3) separates from the support frame (4), and the filter cylinder (3) is supported by the lifting roller (6).

2. The excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter cylinder (3) is provided with an annular support rail (7) corresponding to the position of the lifting roller (6). When the filter cylinder (3) rotates, the lifting roller (6) rolls on the support rail (7). Both the lifting roller (6) and the support rail (7) are conical, and their conical surfaces are matched.

3. The excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic cylinder (5) is connected to the lifting roller (6) via a connecting shaft (10). Both ends of the connecting shaft (10) are provided with elastic telescopic rods, and the lifting roller (6) is installed on the telescopic rods.

4. The excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic cylinder (5) is connected to the hydraulic system of the excavator through the connecting cylinder (9). The connecting cylinder (9) includes a cylinder (901) fixedly connected to the bucket (2). A first movable plug (902) is movably connected inside the cylinder (901). A buffer chamber (907) is located at the top of the cylinder (901). The buffer chamber (907) stores compressed gas. The connector (908) at the bottom of the buffer chamber (907) is connected to the telescopic cylinder (5). A pressure port (909) is provided on one side of the cylinder (901). With the first movable plug (902) as the boundary, the connection port between the buffer chamber (907) and the cylinder (901) is located on the side opposite to the pressure port (909). When the pressure port (909) is connected to high pressure, the first movable plug (902) can pass through the connection port between the buffer chamber (907) and the cylinder (901).

5. The excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cylinder (901) is also provided with a second movable plug (903). With the first movable plug (902) as the boundary, the second movable plug (903) is located at the end of the cylinder (901) facing away from the pressure port (909), and the end of the cylinder (901) facing away from the pressure port (909) is connected to the atmosphere. A pre-compressed spring is provided between the second movable plug (903) and the cylinder (901). The connection between the buffer cavity (907) and the cylinder (901) is located between the first movable plug (902) and the second movable plug (903).

6. The excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure port (909) is connected to the high-pressure port of the hydraulic motor (801).

7. The excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame (4) includes a bracket (401) fixedly connected to the bucket (2), a support plate (402) is provided on the support (401), and a force-bearing cylinder (406) corresponding to the support plate (402) is provided on the filter cylinder (3).

8. The excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tray (402) is fixedly connected with a plug (405) and a positioning block (404). The positioning block (404) can be inserted into the gap of the filter cartridge (3). When the positioning block (404) is inserted into the gap of the filter cartridge (3), each plug (405) is just inserted into the gap of the filter cartridge (3).

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