Hole bottom different-function drilling machine tool with rope lifting and releasing switching function

Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling machine tool with different functions for lifting and releasing a rope to switch hole bottoms, and relates to the technical field of drilling tools, the drilling machine tool comprises an outer pipe assembly and an inner pipe assembly, the outer pipe assembly sleeves the inner pipe assembly, and the outer pipe assembly and the inner pipe assembly are coaxially arranged; the inner pipe assembly is a centerless inner pipe assembly or a coring inner pipe assembly or a closed coring inner pipe assembly or a complex stratum coring inner pipe assembly. According to the drilling tool for switching the different functions of the hole bottom through rope lifting and releasing, seamless switching of the functions of one machine for four purposes is achieved through modular design, the same outer pipe assembly is adopted, and the drilling tool with the four functions can be switched through rope lifting and releasing; three inner pipe assemblies of coring, non-coring and closed gas-retaining coring are designed to meet the switching requirements of different processes, in addition, when a complex stratum is drilled, the original sample coring inner pipe assembly of the complex stratum can be switched, and on the premise that high integrity and zero pollution of a rock core are guaranteed, the drilling efficiency is greatly improved, and the operation risk of the complex stratum is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling tools, in particular to a drilling machine with different functions that can be switched between lifting and lowering a rope at the bottom of a hole. Background Art

[0002] Traditional drilling tools are designed for single scenarios, requiring the entire tool set to be replaced for each operation. This leads to low efficiency and increased auxiliary time due to frequent tripping and drilling. This is also costly and requires multiple sets of specialized equipment and spare parts. Conventional coring tools are prone to core contamination in fractured formations and aquifers, resulting in sample distortion due to mud intrusion (e.g., invalid oil saturation data for oil and gas reservoirs). The retaining spring mechanism is poorly adapted to loose formations, resulting in a recovery rate of less than 60%.

[0003] The valve control system of the closed coring drill is prone to premature closure under high pressure and vibration conditions, and the core is sealed before it is fully inserted, causing blockage; the single-stage sealing structure cannot withstand the impact of mud pulses; the existing technology does not solve the conflicting needs of synchronization, and the interference between the expansion and coring actions causes core wear, and the ejection mechanism is prone to false locking / unlocking failure in the inclined hole section. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drilling machine with different functions that can be switched at the bottom of the hole by rope lifting and lowering. Through modular design, seamless switching of "one machine with four uses" functions can be achieved. Under the premise of ensuring high integrity and zero pollution of the core, the drilling efficiency can be greatly improved and the risk of operations in complex formations can be reduced.

[0005] The present invention provides a rope-lifting and lowering drilling machine with different functions for switching at the bottom of a hole, comprising an outer tube assembly and an inner tube assembly. The outer tube assembly is connected to an upper drill pipe or a weighted drill pipe or a drill collar. The outer tube assembly is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube assembly. The outer tube assembly and the inner tube assembly are coaxially arranged. The inner tube assembly can be a coreless inner tube assembly, a coring inner tube assembly, a sealed coring inner tube assembly, or a complex formation coring inner tube assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the outer tube assembly includes a drill pipe or a weighted drill pipe or a drill collar conversion joint, a spring-loaded chamber, an upper alloy centralizer, a lower alloy centralizer, a torque sleeve, an outer tube, a centralizing ring and an outer drill bit. The outer drill bit is connected to one side of the lower alloy centralizer, and the other side of the lower alloy centralizer is connected to the outer tube. The lower alloy centralizer is sleeved on the outside of the centralizing ring, and the upper alloy centralizer is sleeved on the outside of the torque sleeve. The other side of the outer tube is connected to the upper alloy centralizer, and the other side of the upper alloy centralizer is connected to one side of the spring-loaded chamber, and the outer drill bit is threadedly connected to the lower alloy centralizer.

[0007] Preferably, the coreless inner tube assembly includes a salvage card assembly, a suspension seal assembly, a torque transmission assembly and a drilling execution assembly;

[0008] The salvage card assembly includes a spearhead, a positioning spring, a positioning pin, a first elastic pin, a spearhead seat, a salvage body, a compression spring, a spring sleeve, a card plate, a second elastic pin, and a card retaining ring, the spearhead is connected to the spearhead seat; the lower end of the spearhead seat is fixed to the salvage body; the upper end of the salvage body is connected to the spearhead seat, the spring sleeve is nested in the outer wall of the salvage body, the compression spring is sleeved inside the spring sleeve, the card plate and the salvage body are symmetrically hinged by the first elastic pin and the second elastic pin, the upper end of the card retaining ring supports the compression spring, and the lower end of the card retaining ring is fixed to the adapter; the suspension sealing assembly includes an adapter, an O-ring and a suspension ring, the upper end of the adapter is connected to the card retaining ring, the outer wall of the adapter is nested with the O-ring, and the lower end of the adapter is connected to the suspension ring; the O-ring is inserted into the sealing groove on the outer wall of the adapter, and the suspension ring is interference-fitted with the outer wall of the adapter;

[0009] The torque transmission component includes a torque short-circuit, an adjusting upper joint, an adjusting pad and an adjusting lower joint. The upper end of the torque short-circuit is connected to a suspension ring. The torque sleeve in the outer tube assembly interference fits the outer wall of the torque short-circuit. The adjusting pad is clamped between the adjusting upper joint and the adjusting lower joint. The upper end of the adjusting lower joint is pressed against the adjusting pad, and the lower end of the adjusting lower joint is threadedly connected to the inner drill pipe. The drilling execution component includes connecting the inner drill pipe, a straightening ring and an inner drill bit. The straightening ring is connected to the outer wall of the inner drill pipe, and the inner drill bit is fixed with threads at the lower end of the inner drill pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the coring inner tube assembly includes a salvage card assembly, a single-action sealing assembly, a core collection assembly and a torque transmission assembly; the salvage card assembly is the same as the coreless inner tube assembly, and the single-action and sealing assembly includes a suspension ring, a steel ball, a rubber sealing valve, a suspension joint, a double-stacked self-locking washer, an adjusting nut, a main shaft, a valve plate, a plane thrust ball bearing, a bearing sleeve, a bearing seat, a one-way thrust ball bearing and a main shaft spring. The suspension ring is interference-fitted to the outer wall of the adapter, and the steel ball is embedded in the ball seat at the upper end of the suspension joint; the rubber sealing valve is pressed into the inner cavity of the suspension joint, and the lower end of the suspension joint is threadedly connected to the bearing seat; the double-stacked self-locking washer is sleeved on the external thread of the suspension joint and press-fitted with the adjusting nut; the adjusting nut is screwed on the thread at the upper end of the main shaft; the main shaft passes through the bearing seat, and the inner tube joint is fixed by thread at the lower end of the main shaft; the valve plate is sleeved in the middle of the main shaft; the plane thrust ball bearing is pressed into the upper end of the bearing seat; the bearing sleeve is sleeved on the axial limit of the outer ring of the bearing; the one-way thrust ball bearing is embedded in the bearing seat; the main shaft spring is sleeved on the lower end of the main shaft;

[0011] The core collection assembly includes an inner pipe joint, a self-locking nut, an oiling nozzle, a valve cover, an inner pipe, a retaining ring, a retaining ring, a retaining ring, a retaining ring seat and a straightening ring. The main shaft is fixed to the upper end of the inner pipe joint, the oiling nozzle is installed with threads on the side wall of the inner pipe joint, and the lower end of the inner pipe joint is threadedly connected to the inner pipe; the self-locking nut is screwed on the external thread of the inner pipe joint to prevent loosening; the valve cover thread seals the valve cavity at the bottom of the inner pipe joint; the upper end of the inner pipe is inserted into the inner pipe joint, the straightening ring is covered on the outer wall of the inner pipe, and the lower end of the inner pipe is threadedly connected to the retaining ring seat; the retaining ring is clamped into the ring groove at the end of the inner pipe; the retaining ring is embedded in the conical groove in the retaining ring seat; the retaining ring seat is provided with a conical groove to fix the retaining ring.

[0012] Preferably, the closed coring inner tube assembly includes an inner tube core collection component, a seal and single-action suspension component, the inner tube core collection component includes an inner tube, an inner tube short section, a lower piston, an upper piston, a circlip seat and a circlip, the left end of the inner tube is inserted into the special drill bit; the right end of the inner tube short section is sleeved with the inner tube and fixed through a positioning pin; the lower piston slides and seals on the inner wall of the inner tube; the upper piston is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the inner tube, and the upper piston is located above the inner tube short section; the circlip seat is fixed to the inner wall of the outer tube; the circlip is embedded in the conical groove of the circlip seat;

[0013] The sealing and single-action suspension assembly includes an inner pipe joint, a water diversion joint, a ball valve seat, a steel ball, a limit stop head and a single-action suspension salvage device. The lower end of the inner pipe joint is threadedly connected to the inner pipe short section; the lower end of the water diversion joint is threadedly connected to the inner pipe joint; the ball valve seat is nested in the inner cavity of the water diversion joint; the steel ball is placed in the spherical groove of the ball valve seat; the limit stop head is threadedly fixed to the top of the water diversion joint, and the lower end of the single-action suspension salvage device is connected to the water diversion joint.

[0014] Preferably, the inner tube assembly for coring in complex formations includes a salvage suspension assembly, a single-action rotating assembly, a fluid sealing assembly, a core clamping assembly and an auxiliary connecting assembly. The salvage suspension assembly includes a spearhead, a spearhead seat, a recovery tube, a bolt, a gasket, a first elastic pin, a second elastic pin, a compression spring, a connecting plate, a spring-loaded plate, an elastic pin, a spring-loaded frame, a positioning spring, a positioning pin, a suspension ring and a suspension joint; the single-action rotating assembly includes a main shaft, a spacer, a plane thrust ball bearing, a one-way thrust ball bearing, a bearing sleeve and a bearing seat; a main shaft spring and a self-locking nut; an oiling nozzle; the fluid sealing assembly includes a rubber sealing valve, a steel ball, an adjusting nut and a valve plate; an inner pipe joint and a valve pressure cover; the core clamping module includes an inner tube, a retaining ring, a retaining ring, a retaining ring, a retaining ring and an adjusting nut.

[0015] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned rope-lifting and lowering drilling equipment with different functions at the bottom of the hole, and realizes seamless switching of "one machine with four uses" functions through modular design. Under the premise of ensuring high integrity and zero pollution of the core, it greatly improves the drilling efficiency and reduces the risk of operations in complex formations.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an outer tube assembly of a drilling tool capable of switching between different functions at the bottom of a hole by lifting and lowering a rope according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a coreless inner tube assembly of a drilling tool for switching different functions at the bottom of a hole by lifting and lowering a rope according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3This is a structural schematic diagram of a core inner tube assembly of a drilling tool for switching different functions at the bottom of a hole by lifting and lowering with a rope according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a closed coring inner tube assembly of a drilling tool for switching different functions at the bottom of a hole by lifting and lowering with a rope according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of a complex formation coring inner tube assembly for a drilling rig that can be lifted and lowered by a rope and switched to have different functions at the bottom of the hole.

[0022] Reference numerals

[0023] 1. Fishing head; 2. Positioning spring; 3. Positioning pin; 4. First elastic pin; 5. Compression spring; 6. Spring sleeve; 7. Fishing head seat; 8. Fishing body; 9. Spring plate; 10. Second elastic pin; 11. Split pin; 12. O-ring; 13. Spring retaining ring; 14. Adapter; 15. Suspension ring; 16. Torque short circuit; 17. Adjusting upper joint; 18. Adjusting pad; 19. Adjusting lower joint; 20. Connecting inner drill rod; 21. Inner drill bit; 25. Torque sleeve; 26. Steel ball; 27. Rubber sealing valve; 28. Suspension joint; 29. ​​Double-stacked self-locking washer; 30. Adjusting nut; 31. Spindle; 32. Valve plate; 33. Plane thrust ball bearing; 34. Bearing sleeve; 35. Bearing seat ;36. One-way thrust ball bearing;37. Spindle spring;38. Inner pipe joint;39. Self-locking nut;40. Grease nozzle;41. Valve cover;42. Inner pipe;43. Circlip retaining ring;44. Circlip;45. Circlip seat;46. Inner pipe short section;47. Lower piston;48. Upper piston;49. Limit stopper;50. Ball valve seat;51. Water distribution joint;52. Inner pipe single-action suspension salvage device;53. Recovery pipe;54. Bolt;55. Gasket;56. Connecting plate;57. Spring holder;58. Spacer;101. Outer drill bit;102. Centralizing ring;103. Outer pipe;104. Spring chamber;105. Lower alloy centralizer;106. Torque sleeve;107. Upper alloy centralizer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0026] The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and are equivalent, but do not exclude other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative position relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative position relationship may also change accordingly.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the present invention is a rope-lifting and lowering drilling machine with different functions for switching at the bottom of the hole, including an outer tube assembly and an inner tube assembly. The outer tube assembly is connected to the upper drill pipe or the weighted drill pipe or the drill collar, and the outer tube assembly is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube assembly. The outer tube assembly and the inner tube assembly are coaxially arranged, and the inner tube assembly is a coreless inner tube assembly, a coring inner tube assembly, a closed coring inner tube assembly, or a complex formation coring inner tube assembly.

[0029] The outer tube assembly includes a drill pipe or a weighted drill pipe or a drill collar conversion joint, a card chamber 104, an upper alloy centralizer 107, a lower alloy centralizer 105, a torque sleeve 106, an outer tube 103, a centralizing ring 102 and an outer drill bit 101. The outer drill bit 101 is connected to one side of the lower alloy centralizer 105, and the other side of the lower alloy centralizer 105 is connected to the outer tube 103. The lower alloy centralizer 105 is sleeved on the outside of the centralizing ring 102, and the upper alloy centralizer 107 is sleeved on the outside of the torque sleeve 106. The other side of the outer tube 103 is connected to the upper alloy centralizer 107, and the other side of the upper alloy centralizer 107 is connected to one side of the card chamber 104. The outer drill bit 101 is threadedly connected to the lower alloy centralizer 105.

[0030] The coreless inner tube assembly includes a salvage card assembly, a suspension and sealing assembly, a torque transmission assembly and a drilling execution assembly.

[0031] The salvage card assembly includes a salvage spearhead 1, a positioning spring 2, a positioning pin 3, a first elastic pin 4, a spearhead seat 7, a salvage body 8, a compression spring 5, a spring sleeve 6, a card plate 9, a second elastic pin 10, and a card retaining ring 13.

[0032] The spearhead 1 is connected to the spearhead base 7; the lower end of the spearhead base 7 is fixed to the salvage body 8, and the upper end of the salvage body 8 is connected to the spearhead base 7. The spring sleeve 6 is nested in the outer wall of the salvage body 8, constraining the spring's movement. The compression spring 5 is sheathed inside the spring sleeve 6. The spring plate 9 and the salvage body 8 are symmetrically hinged via the first and second elastic pins 4 and 10. A cotter pin 11 is fixed to prevent them from falling out. The upper end of the spring retaining ring 13 supports the compression spring 5, and the lower end of the spring retaining ring 13 is fixed to the adapter 14.

[0033] The suspension seal assembly includes an adapter 14, an O-ring 12, and a suspension ring 15. The upper end of the adapter 14 is connected to the spring-loaded retaining ring 13, while the O-ring 12 is nested in the outer wall of the adapter 14. The lower end of the adapter 14 is connected to the suspension ring 15. The O-ring 12 fits into a sealing groove on the outer wall of the adapter 14 to isolate it from the slurry. The suspension ring 15 is fitted with an interference fit on the outer wall of the adapter 14 to bear the weight when seated.

[0034] The torque transmission assembly includes a torque shorting link 16, an upper adjustment joint 17, an adjustment washer 18, and a lower adjustment joint 19. The upper end of the torque shorting link 16 is plugged into the suspension ring 15. The torque sleeve 106 in the outer tube assembly interference fits over the outer wall of the torque shorting link 16, enhancing torque transmission and wear resistance. The upper end of the upper adjustment joint 17 is threadedly connected to the torque shorting link 16; the adjustment washer 18 is sandwiched between the upper adjustment joint 17 and the lower adjustment joint 19. The upper end of the lower adjustment joint 19 presses against the adjustment washer 18, and the lower end of the lower adjustment joint 19 is threadedly connected to the inner drill pipe 20.

[0035] The drilling execution assembly includes connecting the inner drill rod 20, the centering ring and the inner drill bit 21. The centering ring is connected to the outer wall of the inner drill rod 20, and the inner drill bit 21 is fixed by threads on the lower end of the inner drill rod 20.

[0036] Working method after the outer tube assembly and the coreless inner tube assembly are assembled:

[0037] Stage 1: Hole bottom locking and power engagement.

[0038] Drop into the hole bottom: the centerless inner tube assembly freely falls to the bottom of the hole through the channel connected to the inner drill pipe 20, and the suspension ring 15 sits on the outer tube bearing platform; it bears all its own weight.

[0039] Spring-cage self-locking: the falling inertia releases the elastic force of the compression spring 5, pushing the spring-cage plate 9 to radially open around the first elastic pin 4 and the second elastic pin 10; the spring-cage plate 9 is embedded in the outer tube spring-cage chamber 104, forming a mechanical self-locking.

[0040] Phase 2: Careless execution.

[0041] Step rock breaking mechanism: the inner drill bit 21 is aligned with the outer drill bit 101 or is 1-2 mm inside the inner drill bit 21 , which reduces the pressure on the inner drill bit 21 and protects the inner drill bit 21 .

[0042] The outer drill bit 101 rotates synchronously to expand the hole diameter to the designed size.

[0043] Phase 3: Salvage unlock and mode switching.

[0044] Release of the card: The salvage device hooks the spearhead 1 and lifts it up, the salvage body 8 presses down the compression spring 5, and the card plate 9 retracts; the card plate 9 disengages from the groove of the card chamber 41, releasing the axial lock.

[0045] Pressure balance: Immediately before the O-ring 12 seal fails, mud enters the spring-stuck area to balance the pressure difference.

[0046] Quick replacement: Take out the inner tube assembly, replace the inner drill bit 21, add or remove the adjustment pad 18, and adapt the new drill bit.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] like Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention discloses a rope-lift drilling rig capable of switching between different bottom-hole functions. The rig comprises an outer tube assembly and an inner tube assembly. The outer tube assembly is connected to an upper drill pipe, a weighted drill pipe, or a drill collar. The outer tube assembly is sleeved onto the outer portion of the inner tube assembly. The outer tube assembly and the inner tube assembly are coaxially arranged. The inner tube assembly can be a coreless inner tube assembly, a coring inner tube assembly, a sealed coring inner tube assembly, or an inner tube assembly for coring in complex formations.

[0049] The outer tube assembly includes a drill pipe or a weighted drill pipe or a drill collar conversion joint, a card chamber 104, an upper alloy centralizer 107, a lower alloy centralizer 105, a torque sleeve 106, an outer tube 103, a centralizing ring 102 and an outer drill bit 101. The outer drill bit 101 is connected to one side of the lower alloy centralizer 105, and the other side of the lower alloy centralizer 105 is connected to the outer tube 103. The lower alloy centralizer 105 is sleeved on the outside of the centralizing ring 102, and the upper alloy centralizer 107 is sleeved on the outside of the torque sleeve 106. The other side of the outer tube 103 is connected to the upper alloy centralizer 107, and the other side of the upper alloy centralizer 107 is connected to one side of the card chamber 104. The outer drill bit 101 is threadedly connected to the lower alloy centralizer 105.

[0050] The coring inner tube assembly includes a salvage clip assembly, a single-action seal assembly, a core collection assembly, and a torque transmission assembly.

[0051] The single-acting seal assembly includes a suspension ring 15, a steel ball 26, a rubber sealing valve 27, a suspension joint 28, a double-stacked self-locking washer 29, an adjusting nut 30, a spindle 31, a valve disc 32, a flat thrust ball bearing 33, a bearing sleeve 34, a bearing seat 35, a one-way thrust ball bearing 36, and a spindle spring 37. The suspension ring 15 is interference-fitted onto the outer wall of the adapter 14, while the steel ball 16 fits into the upper ball seat of the suspension joint 18. The rubber sealing valve 27 is press-fitted into the interior of the suspension joint 28, and the lower end of the suspension joint 28 is threadedly connected to the bearing seat 35. The double-stacked self-locking washer 29 fits over the external threads of the suspension joint 28 and is crimped onto the adjusting nut 30. The adjusting nut 30 is screwed onto the upper threads of the spindle 31. The spindle 31 extends through the bearing seat 35, and the lower end of the spindle 31 is threadedly secured to the internal pipe joint 38. The valve disc 32 is sleeved on the middle part of the main shaft 31; the flat thrust ball bearing 33 is press-fitted on the upper end of the bearing seat 35; the bearing sleeve 34 is sleeved on the outer ring of the flat thrust ball bearing 33 for axial limitation; the bearing seat 25 is embedded with a one-way thrust ball bearing 36; the main shaft spring 37 is sleeved on the lower end of the main shaft 31.

[0052] The core collection assembly includes an internal pipe joint 38, a self-locking nut 39, a grease nozzle 40, a valve gland 41, an internal pipe 42, a retaining ring 43, a retaining ring 44, a retaining ring seat 45, and a centering ring. The upper end of the internal pipe joint 38 secures the main shaft 31. The grease nozzle 40 is threadedly mounted on the sidewall of the internal pipe joint 38. The lower end of the internal pipe joint 38 is threadedly connected to the internal pipe 42. The self-locking nut 39 is screwed onto the external threads of the internal pipe joint 38 to prevent loosening. The valve gland 41 threads seal the valve cavity at the bottom of the internal pipe joint 38. The upper end of the internal pipe 42 is inserted into the internal pipe joint 38. The centering ring is mounted on the outer wall of the internal pipe 42. The lower end of the internal pipe 42 is threadedly connected to the retaining ring seat 45. The retaining ring 43 snaps into the annular groove at the end of the internal pipe 42. The retaining ring 44 fits into the tapered groove within the retaining ring seat 45. The retaining ring seat 45 has a tapered groove inside to secure the retaining ring 44.

[0053] Below and Lock Phase:

[0054] The coring inner tube assembly is lowered into the borehole via a spearhead 1 and allowed to freely fall to the bottom. The inner tube assembly's suspension ring 15 rests on a pre-set support platform within the outer tube assembly's latch chamber 104, supporting the inner tube's weight. The inertia of the fall releases the force of the compression spring 5, pushing the latch plate 9 radially open and engaging the groove in the outer tube's latch chamber 104, achieving axial mechanical locking and preventing the inner tube from floating. The coring inner tube assembly's centralizing ring 38 nests coaxially with the outer tube assembly's lower alloy centralizer 105 to suppress vibration and runout during drilling.

[0055] During the coring drilling phase, while the outer tube rotates, the inner tube's main shaft 31 remains relatively stationary via bearings, preventing core damage from torque. The core enters the inner tube 42, where a retaining ring 44 contracts within the tapered groove of a retaining ring seat 45, securing the core. A retaining ring 33 prevents the core from falling out. A rubber sealing valve 27 and a steel ball 26 form a ball valve system that isolates the mud when closed, protecting the core's integrity. The valve disc 32 forms a dynamic seal on the main shaft 31, preventing mud from entering the inner tube.

[0056] During the core lifting phase, the overshot hook engages the spearhead 1 and lifts it upward, driving the overshot body 8 downward to depress the compression spring 5, forcing the latch plate 9 to retract and disengage from the recess of the latch chamber 104, releasing the axial lock. As the inner tube 42 is lifted, the steel ball 16, under the action of negative pressure, seats on the ball valve seat 50, sealing the inner tube passage and forming a sealed chamber to protect the core. The rubber sealing valve 27 further prevents mud backflow.

[0057] After the inner tube assembly is pulled out, the retaining spring seat 45 is disassembled and the inner tube 42 with the core is taken out; the complete core can be directly obtained by separating the semi-closed tube (if the formation is complex).

[0058] Example 3

[0059] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the present invention is a rope-lifting and lowering drilling machine with different functions for switching at the bottom of the hole, including an outer tube assembly and an inner tube assembly. The outer tube assembly is connected to the upper drill pipe or the weighted drill pipe or the drill collar, and the outer tube assembly is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube assembly. The outer tube assembly and the inner tube assembly are coaxially arranged, and the inner tube assembly is a coreless inner tube assembly, a coring inner tube assembly, a closed coring inner tube assembly, or a complex formation coring inner tube assembly.

[0060] The outer tube assembly includes a drill pipe or a weighted drill pipe or a drill collar conversion joint, a card chamber 104, an upper alloy centralizer 107, a lower alloy centralizer 105, a torque sleeve 106, an outer tube 103, a centralizing ring 102 and an outer drill bit 101. The outer drill bit 101 is connected to one side of the lower alloy centralizer 105, and the other side of the lower alloy centralizer 105 is connected to the outer tube 103. The lower alloy centralizer 105 is sleeved on the outside of the centralizing ring 102, and the upper alloy centralizer 107 is sleeved on the outside of the torque sleeve 106. The other side of the outer tube 103 is connected to the upper alloy centralizer 107, and the other side of the upper alloy centralizer 107 is connected to one side of the card chamber 104. The outer drill bit 101 is threadedly connected to the lower alloy centralizer 105.

[0061] The sealed coring inner tube assembly includes an inner tube core collection assembly, a seal, and a single-action suspension assembly. The inner tube core collection assembly comprises an inner tube 42, an inner tube nipple 46, a lower piston 47, an upper piston 48, a retaining spring seat 45, and a retaining spring 44. A special drill bit is inserted into the left end of inner tube 42; the right end of inner tube nipple 46 is sleeved onto inner tube 42 and secured through a locating pin 3. Lower piston 47 slides and seals against the inner wall of inner tube 42; upper piston 48 coaxially sleeves onto the outer wall of inner tube 42, positioned above inner tube nipple 46; retaining spring seat 45 is fixed to the inner wall of the outer tube; and retaining spring 44 is embedded in the tapered groove of retaining spring seat 45.

[0062] The sealing and single-action suspension assembly includes an internal pipe joint 38, a water diversion joint 51, a ball valve seat 50, a steel ball 16, a stopper 49, and a single-action suspension salvage device 52. The lower end of the internal pipe joint 38 is threadedly connected to the internal pipe nipple 46. The lower end of the water diversion joint 51 is threadedly connected to the internal pipe joint 38; the ball valve seat 50 is nested within the inner cavity of the water diversion joint 51; the steel ball 26 is placed in the spherical groove of the ball valve seat 50; the stopper 49 is threadedly fixed to the top of the water diversion joint 51 to limit the movement of the steel ball 26. The single-action suspension salvage device 52 is connected to the water diversion joint 51 at its lower end and integrates a spring-loaded locking mechanism, a single-action bearing, and a salvage spearhead.

[0063] Working method: The outer tube assembly is connected to the drill pipe adapter through the spring-loaded chamber 104 and is completely mounted on the outer surface of the inner tube assembly, maintaining a coaxial design. The inner tube assembly's suspension mechanism forms a suspension fit with the outer tube assembly's seat ring to ensure stable load-bearing.

[0064] Outer tube assembly: The torque sleeve 106 is responsible for transmitting the bit pressure, the centralizing ring 102 transmits the torque, and the lower alloy centralizer 105 stabilizes the hole wall.

[0065] The inner tube assembly provides core sealing (steel ball 16 + ball valve seat 50), bearing assembly, and core retrieval spring 44. The inner tube assembly is lowered via a single-action suspension and fishing device 52. The snap-action mechanism radially expands within the snap-action chamber 104 to achieve mechanical locking. The upper piston 48 forms an initial seal with the special drill bit cavity, and the lower piston 47 is pre-filled with sealing fluid to establish a pressure barrier.

[0066] When the outer tube assembly rotates, the centralizing ring 102 expands the hole synchronously, and the inner tube assembly is kept stationary by the single-action bearing; the core pushes the lower piston 47 upward, the sealing fluid is replaced by equal volume to form a protective film, and the retaining spring 44 clamps the core in the tapered groove; the lifting of the salvage device triggers the steel ball 16 to seat, closing the ball valve seat 50 to form a pressure-maintaining cavity; the lower alloy centralizer 105 and the inner tube centralizing ring cooperate to suppress vibration and ensure that the core is completely lifted out.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the present invention is a rope-lifting and lowering drilling machine with different functions for switching at the bottom of the hole, including an outer tube assembly and an inner tube assembly. The outer tube assembly is connected to the upper drill pipe or the weighted drill pipe or the drill collar, and the outer tube assembly is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube assembly. The outer tube assembly and the inner tube assembly are coaxially arranged, and the inner tube assembly is a coreless inner tube assembly, a coring inner tube assembly, a closed coring inner tube assembly, or a complex formation coring inner tube assembly.

[0069] The outer tube assembly includes a drill pipe or a weighted drill pipe or a drill collar conversion joint, a card chamber 104, an upper alloy centralizer 107, a lower alloy centralizer 105, a torque sleeve 106, an outer tube 103, a centralizing ring 102 and an outer drill bit 101. The outer drill bit 101 is connected to one side of the lower alloy centralizer 105, and the other side of the lower alloy centralizer 105 is connected to the outer tube 103. The lower alloy centralizer 105 is sleeved on the outside of the centralizing ring 102, and the upper alloy centralizer 107 is sleeved on the outside of the torque sleeve 106. The other side of the outer tube 103 is connected to the upper alloy centralizer 107, and the other side of the upper alloy centralizer 107 is connected to one side of the card chamber 104. The outer drill bit 101 is threadedly connected to the lower alloy centralizer 105.

[0070] The inner tube assembly for coring in complex formations includes a fishing suspension assembly, a single-action rotating assembly, a fluid sealing assembly, a core clamping assembly, and an auxiliary connection assembly. The fishing suspension assembly includes a fishing spearhead 1, a spearhead seat 7, a recovery tube 53, a bolt 54, a gasket 55, a first elastic pin 4, a second elastic pin 10, a compression spring 5, a connecting plate 56, a spring plate 9, a spring bracket 57, a positioning spring 2, a positioning pin 3, a suspension ring 15, and a suspension joint 28.

[0071] The single-acting rotating assembly includes a spindle 31, a spacer 58, a flat thrust ball bearing 33, a one-way thrust ball bearing 36, a bearing sleeve 34, a bearing seat 35, a spindle spring 37, a self-locking nut 39, and a grease nipple 40. The fluid seal assembly includes a rubber sealing valve 27, a steel ball 26, an adjusting nut 30, a valve disc 32, an internal pipe joint 38, and a valve gland 41. The core clamping module includes an internal tube 42, a retaining ring 43, a retaining spring 44, a retaining spring seat 45, and an adjusting nut 30.

[0072] Decentralization and positioning stage;

[0073] As the spearhead 1 is lowered along with the drill string, the spearhead seat 7 connects to the recovery tube 53 via the first elastic pin 4, centrally transferring gravity. A compression spring 5 pushes the connecting plate 56, causing the snap plate 9 to radially expand around the second elastic pin 10 and precisely engage the snap plate slot in the outer tube. A positioning spring 2 lifts the positioning pin 3, which engages the snap plate's positioning hole, providing circumferential anti-rotation protection and ensuring snap alignment to prevent skew and jamming. A suspension ring 15 simultaneously connects to the outer tube's support platform, creating a dual-security "snap-and-suspension" support system.

[0074] The recovery pipe 53, the spring-loaded bracket 57, and the suspension joint 28 are rigidly connected by bolts 54 and elastic pins to construct a frame-type bearing structure and enforce the coaxiality of each module.

[0075] Single-action module: Bearing sleeve 34 isolates the mud, double-row bearings are pre-positioned, and spindle 31 is suspended and stationary with the inner tube. Sealing module: Rubber sealing valve 27 fits against inner tube 42, and steel ball 26 retracts valve disc 32, pre-sealing the upper end of the inner tube. Circlip 44 is expanded, and circlip seat 45 is aligned with the inner drill bit outlet.

[0076] Drilling and coring stage;

[0077] When the outer tube rotates, the double-row bearings within bearing sleeve 34 achieve "the outer ring rotates with the outer tube, while the inner ring remains stationary with spindle 31," driving inner tube 42 to synchronously stop. Spacers 58 strictly control the axial spacing of the bearings, and spindle spring 37 and self-locking nut 39 are pre-tightened to eliminate clearance and prevent radial runout of inner tube 42.

[0078] Mud path: drill pipe → main shaft 31 flow channel → internal pipe joint 38 T-type splitter; Branch 1: Pushes open the steel ball 26 and valve disc 32 to enter the outer-inner pipe annulus. This is blocked by the rubber sealing valve 27 and the double O-rings in the internal pipe joint, completely sealing the inner pipe lumen. Adjusting nut 30 fine-tunes the valve disc opening to adapt to different mud flow rates. The inner drill bit advances the rock formation, pushing the core along the inner pipe 42 into the retaining ring 44, which contracts radially along the conical surface of the retaining ring seat 45, securing the core bottom. The retaining ring 43 axially limits the retaining ring 44 to prevent it from dislodging. Lithologic adaptation: Adjusting nut 30 fine-tunes the retaining ring seat position.

[0079] The recovery tube 53 withstands the drilling pressure and vibration, forcing the modules to be coaxial.

[0080] Salvage and recovery stage;

[0081] The salvage device hooks the spearhead 1 and lifts it up. The spearhead seat 7 compresses the spring 5, and the connecting plate 56 drives the spring plate 9 to symmetrically retract and disengage from the outer tube slot. The positioning pin 3 shrinks with the spring plate, releasing the circumferential constraint, and unlocking is smooth and without jamming. The rubber sealing valve 27 fits tighter under axial tension, and cooperates with the double O-ring 12 of the inner pipe joint to form a triple seal of "upper (steel ball 26 + valve plate 32) + middle (rubber sealing valve 27) + lower (circlip 44-core)". The bearing sleeve 34 is raised with the inner tube to protect the bearing from reverse erosion of mud. The spring 44 continues to hold the core tightly, and the spring retaining ring 43 prevents the core from slipping. The recovery tube 53 and the connector bear the pulling load, and the frame structure is impact-resistant to ensure that the inner tube is completely raised. Remove the spring seat 45, knock the spring 44 in the opposite direction to open it, and completely remove the sealed core column.

[0082] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned rope-lifting and lowering drilling equipment with different functions at the bottom of the hole, and realizes seamless switching of "one machine with four uses" functions through modular design. Under the premise of ensuring high integrity and zero pollution of the core, it greatly improves the drilling efficiency and reduces the risk of operations in complex formations.

[0083] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rope-lifting and lowering drilling tool that switches between different functions at the bottom of a hole, characterized in that: It includes an outer tube assembly and an inner tube assembly. The outer tube assembly is connected to the upper drill pipe or the weighted drill pipe or the drill collar. The outer tube assembly is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube assembly. The outer tube assembly and the inner tube assembly are coaxially arranged. The inner tube assembly can be a coreless inner tube assembly, a cored inner tube assembly, a sealed cored inner tube assembly, or a complex formation cored inner tube assembly.

2. A rope-lifting and -releasing drilling tool for switching different functions at the bottom of a hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer tube assembly includes a drill pipe or a weighted drill pipe or a drill collar conversion joint, a spring chamber, an upper alloy centralizer, a lower alloy centralizer, a torque sleeve, an outer tube, a centralizing ring and an outer drill bit. The outer drill bit is connected to one side of the lower alloy centralizer, and the other side of the lower alloy centralizer is connected to the outer tube. The lower alloy centralizer is sleeved on the outside of the centralizing ring, and the upper alloy centralizer is sleeved on the outside of the torque sleeve. The other side of the outer tube is connected to the upper alloy centralizer, and the other side of the upper alloy centralizer is connected to one side of the spring chamber. The outer drill bit is threadedly connected to the lower alloy centralizer.

3. The rope-lifting and -releasing drilling tool for switching different functions at the bottom of the hole according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The coreless inner tube assembly includes a salvage clip assembly, a suspension seal assembly, a torque transmission assembly, and a drilling actuator assembly; The salvage card assembly includes a spearhead, a positioning spring, a positioning pin, a first elastic pin, a spearhead seat, a salvage body, a compression spring, a spring sleeve, a card plate, a second elastic pin, and a card retaining ring, the spearhead is connected to the spearhead seat; the lower end of the spearhead seat is fixed to the salvage body; the upper end of the salvage body is connected to the spearhead seat, the spring sleeve is nested in the outer wall of the salvage body, the compression spring is sleeved inside the spring sleeve, the card plate and the salvage body are symmetrically hinged by the first elastic pin and the second elastic pin, the upper end of the card retaining ring supports the compression spring, and the lower end of the card retaining ring is fixed to the adapter; the suspension sealing assembly includes an adapter, an O-ring and a suspension ring, the upper end of the adapter is connected to the card retaining ring, the outer wall of the adapter is nested with the O-ring, and the lower end of the adapter is connected to the suspension ring; the O-ring is inserted into the sealing groove on the outer wall of the adapter, and the suspension ring is interference-fitted with the outer wall of the adapter; The torque transmission component includes a torque short-circuit, an adjusting upper joint, an adjusting pad and an adjusting lower joint. The upper end of the torque short-circuit is connected to a suspension ring. The torque sleeve in the outer tube assembly interference fits the outer wall of the torque short-circuit. The adjusting pad is clamped between the adjusting upper joint and the adjusting lower joint. The upper end of the adjusting lower joint is pressed against the adjusting pad, and the lower end of the adjusting lower joint is threadedly connected to the inner drill pipe. The drilling execution component includes connecting the inner drill pipe, a straightening ring and an inner drill bit. The straightening ring is connected to the outer wall of the inner drill pipe, and the inner drill bit is fixed with threads at the lower end of the inner drill pipe.

4. The rope-lifting and -releasing drilling tool for switching different functions at the bottom of the hole according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The coring inner tube assembly includes a salvage card assembly, a single-action sealing assembly, a core collection assembly and a torque transmission assembly; the salvage card assembly is the same as the coreless inner tube assembly, and the single-action and sealing assembly includes a suspension ring, a steel ball, a rubber sealing valve, a suspension joint, a double-stacked self-locking washer, an adjusting nut, a main shaft, a valve plate, a plane thrust ball bearing, a bearing sleeve, a bearing seat, a one-way thrust ball bearing and a main shaft spring. The suspension ring is interference-fitted to the outer wall of the adapter, and the steel ball is embedded in the ball seat at the upper end of the suspension joint; the rubber sealing valve is pressed into the inner cavity of the suspension joint, and the lower end of the suspension joint is threadedly connected to the bearing seat; the double-stacked self-locking washer is sleeved on the external thread of the suspension joint and the adjusting nut is pressed; the adjusting nut is screwed on the thread at the upper end of the main shaft; the main shaft passes through the bearing seat, and the inner tube joint is fixed by thread at the lower end of the main shaft; the valve plate is sleeved on the middle part of the main shaft; the plane thrust ball bearing is pressed into the upper end of the bearing seat; the bearing sleeve is sleeved on the axial limit of the bearing outer ring; the one-way thrust ball bearing is embedded in the bearing seat; the main shaft spring is sleeved on the lower end of the main shaft; The core collection assembly includes an inner pipe joint, a self-locking nut, an oiling nozzle, a valve cover, an inner pipe, a retaining ring, a retaining ring, a retaining ring, a retaining ring seat and a straightening ring. The main shaft is fixed to the upper end of the inner pipe joint, the oiling nozzle is installed with threads on the side wall of the inner pipe joint, and the lower end of the inner pipe joint is threadedly connected to the inner pipe; the self-locking nut is screwed on the external thread of the inner pipe joint to prevent loosening; the valve cover thread seals the valve cavity at the bottom of the inner pipe joint; the upper end of the inner pipe is inserted into the inner pipe joint, the straightening ring is covered on the outer wall of the inner pipe, and the lower end of the inner pipe is threadedly connected to the retaining ring seat; the retaining ring is clamped into the ring groove at the end of the inner pipe; the retaining ring is embedded in the conical groove in the retaining ring seat; the retaining ring seat is provided with a conical groove to fix the retaining ring.

5. The rope-lifting and -releasing drilling tool for switching different functions at the bottom of the hole according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The closed coring inner tube assembly includes an inner tube core collection component, a seal and single-action suspension component. The inner tube core collection component includes an inner tube, an inner tube short section, a lower piston, an upper piston, a circlip seat and a circlip. The left end of the inner tube is inserted into a special drill bit; the right end of the inner tube short section is sleeved on the inner tube and fixed through a positioning pin; the lower piston slides and seals on the inner wall of the inner tube; the upper piston coaxially sleeves on the outer wall of the inner tube, and the upper piston is located above the inner tube short section; the circlip seat is fixed to the inner wall of the outer tube; and the circlip is embedded in the conical groove of the circlip seat. The sealing and single-action suspension assembly includes an inner pipe joint, a water diversion joint, a ball valve seat, a steel ball, a limit stop head and a single-action suspension salvage device. The lower end of the inner pipe joint is threadedly connected to the inner pipe short section; the lower end of the water diversion joint is threadedly connected to the inner pipe joint; the ball valve seat is nested in the inner cavity of the water diversion joint; the steel ball is placed in the spherical groove of the ball valve seat; the limit stop head is threadedly fixed to the top of the water diversion joint, and the lower end of the single-action suspension salvage device is connected to the water diversion joint.

6. The rope-lifting and -releasing drilling tool for switching different functions at the bottom of the hole according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner tube assembly for coring in complex formations includes a salvage suspension assembly, a single-action rotating assembly, a fluid sealing assembly, a core clamping assembly and an auxiliary connecting assembly. The salvage suspension assembly includes a spearhead, a spearhead seat, a recovery tube, bolts, gaskets, a first elastic pin, a second elastic pin, a compression spring, a connecting plate, a spring-loaded plate, an elastic pin, a spring-loaded frame, a positioning spring, a positioning pin, a suspension ring and a suspension joint; the single-action rotating assembly includes a main shaft, a spacer, a plane thrust ball bearing, a one-way thrust ball bearing, a bearing sleeve and a bearing seat; a main shaft spring and a self-locking nut; an oiling nozzle; the fluid sealing assembly includes a rubber sealing valve, a steel ball, an adjusting nut and a valve plate; an inner tube joint and a valve cover; the core clamping module includes an inner tube, a retaining ring, a retaining ring, a retaining ring, a retaining ring and an adjusting nut.

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