Vibration-based oil and gas fracturing manifold fault alarm and diagnosis system

Abstract

The application discloses a vibration-based oil and gas fracturing manifold fault alarm and diagnosis system, which comprises a sensor group, a deployment point of the fracturing manifold, used for collecting vibration parameters of the fracturing manifold; an edge computer, used for receiving the vibration parameters collected by the sensor group; a field vibration monitoring system, used for receiving the vibration parameters transmitted by the edge computer and acquiring process parameters of the fracturing equipment; and a remote collaborative support center, used for receiving the vibration parameters and the process parameters, and realizing time alignment of the vibration parameters and the process parameters. In the application, the combination of sensors meets the requirements of different monitoring time lengths and network environments, and ensures real-time collection and transmission of vibration data; through the two-stage monitoring mode of the field and the remote, in combination with the sound-light alarm and multi-stage information pushing, it is ensured that the alarm is not missed, and closed-loop management from fault discovery to solution is realized; and based on spectrum analysis and database matching, the fault causes are quickly located, and the field is assisted to efficiently rectify.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of monitoring technology for oil and gas extraction equipment, specifically a vibration-based alarm and diagnosis system for oil and gas fracturing manifold faults. Background Technology

[0002] Fracturing is a key technology for enhancing oil and gas well production, especially for unconventional natural gas "factory-style" fracturing, which is characterized by large displacement and high pressure. As the core equipment in fracturing operations, the fracturing manifold, due to potential defects in its installation location, supports, and foundation caused by temporary installations, is prone to problems such as loosening of supports, loosening of bolts, and resonance under high displacement and high pressure operating conditions, leading to intensified vibration. If abnormal vibration is not detected and addressed in a timely manner, it may cause metal fatigue, manifold cracks and leaks, or even pipe rupture, resulting in equipment damage, reduced construction efficiency, and safety accidents.

[0003] In existing technologies, fracturing operations are high-risk activities, and personnel cannot enter the site for real-time monitoring during the operation. Manual inspection can only detect obvious problems, and by then the manifold is already damaged. Potential faults (such as minor loosening or early resonance) are difficult to detect manually, and are prone to sudden leaks or pipe bursts due to vibration amplification during operation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a system that can sense, transmit, and analyze fracturing manifold vibration data in real time, and realize fault alarms and diagnosis to overcome the limitations of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vibration-based alarm and diagnostic system for oil and gas fracturing manifold faults, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art of existing oil and gas fracturing manifold monitoring, such as the inability to monitor in real time during construction, difficulty in detecting potential faults, and the lag and inefficiency of manual sampling inspection.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A vibration-based alarm and diagnostic system for oil and gas fracturing manifold faults includes:

[0007] The sensor array, deployed at the fracturing manifold measuring point, is used to collect the X, Y, and Z axis vibration parameters of the fracturing manifold, including vibration acceleration, vibration velocity, and vibration displacement.

[0008] Edge computers are used to receive vibration parameters collected by the sensor array;

[0009] The on-site vibration monitoring system is used to receive vibration parameters transmitted from the edge computer and obtain the process parameters of the fracturing equipment, including the displacement, pressure and total displacement of a single fracturing truck / skid, and sand concentration.

[0010] The remote collaborative support center is used to receive vibration parameters and process parameters, achieve time alignment between vibration parameters and process parameters, and perform analysis, alarm, and fault diagnosis on vibration parameters.

[0011] The client application allows users to access the remote collaborative support center or the on-site vibration monitoring system to view real-time data, alarm information, spectrum data, and historical data.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the sensor group includes:

[0013] The LORA digital vibration sensor is used for short-term monitoring (≤20 construction sections per monitoring session) in scenarios with poor mobile network coverage. The vibration parameters it collects are transmitted to the edge computer via LORA.

[0014] The 4G digital vibration sensor is used for short-term monitoring (≤20 construction sections per monitoring session) in scenarios with good mobile network coverage. The vibration parameters it collects are directly transmitted to the remote collaborative support center via the 4G network.

[0015] A wired analog vibration sensor is used for long-term continuous monitoring (each monitoring session covers more than 20 construction sections). The output voltage signal is processed by an edge computer through a fast Fourier transform to obtain vibration parameters.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, both the on-site vibration monitoring system and the remote collaborative support center include:

[0017] The eigenvalue real-time monitoring module is used to collect and monitor the vibration acceleration, vibration velocity, and vibration displacement of the X, Y, and Z axes in real time.

[0018] An alarm module is used to trigger an alarm when vibration parameters exceed a threshold.

[0019] The spectrum analysis module is used to acquire, store, and analyze time-domain and frequency-domain spectra.

[0020] The historical data module is used to store vibration parameters, process parameters, and spectrum data.

[0021] According to the above technical solution, the alarm triggering condition of the alarm module is: when the pressure and discharge in the process parameters determine that the construction state is in progress, the vibration speed or vibration displacement exceeds the upper limit of the preset threshold; when the construction state is not in progress, the alarm is not triggered.

[0022] According to the above technical solution, the alarm methods of the alarm module include: the on-site vibration monitoring system triggering an audible and visual alarm; and the remote collaborative support center emitting sound through a loudspeaker and pushing alarm information level by level according to a preset cycle.

[0023] According to the above technical solution, the alarm module further includes an anti-false alarm unit, which eliminates false alarms caused by fluctuations in vibration parameter data by setting alarm trigger delay, recovery delay, and dead zone.

[0024] According to the above technical solution, the fault diagnosis process of the spectrum analysis module includes:

[0025] Step a: Real-time obtain the vibration velocity and displacement data of the measuring point. If the data is normal, store its spectrum as the reference spectrum in the normal data spectrum library.

[0026] Step b: If the data triggers an alarm, obtain the fault spectrum and compare it with the fault spectrum samples in the fault library:

[0027] If there are similar samples, determine the fault cause marked by the samples and notify the site; after the site feedbacks the final cause, mark the fault spectrum and store it in the fault library.

[0028] If there are no similar samples, compare the fault spectrum with the reference spectrum in the normal data spectrum library. If there are fault characteristics, combine the on-site feedback to mark the cause and store it in the fault library; if there are no fault characteristics, obtain the fault spectrum again.

[0029] According to the above technical solution, the preset threshold is determined in the following way. The specific steps include:

[0030] Step c1: Set the upper and lower limits i and j of the valid data of the vibration velocity or vibration displacement to filter out invalid data during non-construction periods.

[0031] Step c2: Combine the vibration velocities or displacements that satisfy i < X < j under different pressure and displacement conditions of each fracturing truck, electric drive fracturing skid, and diesel drive fracturing skid into the data set X a ={X1,X2,...,X n};

[0032] Step c3: Sort Xa in ascending order and remove duplicates.

[0033] Step c4: Calculate the position K in the data set by inputting the percentage P. The formula is as follows:

[0034] [[ID=3B]]

[0035] where n is the sample size of the data set Xa;

[0036] Step c5: If K is an integer, take the value at the Kth position as the upper limit alarm threshold Qp; if K is a decimal, calculate Qp by linear interpolation. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0037]

[0038] where, Below is the value of K rounded down. This is the value at the floor position of K. Round K down;

[0039] Step c6: Subdivide by fracturing equipment type, pressure level, and displacement level to determine the upper limit alarm threshold for the corresponding operating conditions.

[0040] According to the above technical solution, the pressure level includes a classification from ≤30MPa to 139.1-140MPa, and the displacement level includes a classification from ≤0.5m³ / min to 0.6-2.0m³ / min. Different equipment types, pressure levels and displacement levels correspond to different upper limit alarm thresholds.

[0041] According to the above technical solution, the fracturing manifold monitoring points include wellhead manifold monitoring points, single-vehicle / skid manifold monitoring points, and temporarily determined monitoring points.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] In this invention, the combination of LoRa, 4G, and wired analog sensors meets the needs of different monitoring durations (short-term / long-term) and network environments, ensuring real-time acquisition and transmission of vibration data;

[0044] By employing a two-tiered monitoring system—on-site and remote—combining audible and visual alarms with multi-level information push notifications, we ensure that no alarm is missed, achieving closed-loop management from fault discovery to resolution. Furthermore, based on spectrum analysis and database matching, we can quickly pinpoint the cause of the fault, assist in efficient on-site rectification, and reduce equipment damage.

[0045] In addition, this application continuously refines the threshold through historical data analysis to adapt to different working conditions and improve alarm accuracy; real-time monitoring and early warning prevent leaks and pipe bursts caused by abnormal vibration, ensuring construction safety and improving construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system modules of the fault alarm and diagnosis system of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the data processing flow of the fault alarm and diagnosis system of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of vibration monitoring for the fault alarm and diagnosis system of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the fault diagnosis process for the fault alarm and diagnosis system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the vibration-based oil and gas fracturing manifold fault alarm and diagnosis system includes:

[0053] The sensor array, deployed at the fracturing manifold measuring point, is used to collect the X, Y, and Z axis vibration parameters of the fracturing manifold, including vibration acceleration, vibration velocity, and vibration displacement.

[0054] Edge computers are used to receive vibration parameters collected by the sensor array;

[0055] The on-site vibration monitoring system is used to receive vibration parameters transmitted from the edge computer and obtain the process parameters of the fracturing equipment, including the displacement, pressure and total displacement of a single fracturing truck / skid, and sand concentration.

[0056] The remote collaborative support center is used to receive vibration parameters and process parameters, achieve time alignment between vibration parameters and process parameters, and perform analysis, alarm, and fault diagnosis on vibration parameters.

[0057] The client application allows users to access the remote collaborative support center or the on-site vibration monitoring system to view real-time data, alarm information, spectrum data, and historical data.

[0058] In this invention, the combination of LoRa, 4G, and wired analog sensors meets the needs of different monitoring durations (short-term / long-term) and network environments, ensuring real-time acquisition and transmission of vibration data;

[0059] By employing a two-tiered monitoring system—on-site and remote—combining audible and visual alarms with multi-level information push notifications, we ensure that no alarm is missed, achieving closed-loop management from fault discovery to resolution. Furthermore, based on spectrum analysis and database matching, we can quickly pinpoint the cause of the fault, assist in efficient on-site rectification, and reduce equipment damage.

[0060] In addition, this application continuously refines the threshold through historical data analysis to adapt to different working conditions and improve alarm accuracy; real-time monitoring and early warning prevent leaks and pipe bursts caused by abnormal vibration, ensuring construction safety and improving construction efficiency.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] This embodiment is a further refinement of Embodiment 1. This embodiment provides a specific implementation method for a fault alarm and diagnostic system.

[0063] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the fault alarm and diagnostic system includes a sensor group, an edge computer, a field vibration monitoring system, a remote collaborative support center, and a client. The functions of each part are as follows:

[0064] Sensor array: Deployed at wellhead manifold monitoring points, single-vehicle / skid manifold monitoring points, and temporarily designated monitoring points, used to collect vibration acceleration, vibration velocity, and vibration displacement along the X, Y, and Z axes of the fracturing manifold. Based on monitoring duration and network environment, the sensors are divided into three categories:

[0065] LORA digital vibration sensor: suitable for short-term monitoring (≤20 construction sections) and scenarios with poor mobile network. Data is acquired in real time by an edge computer via LORA.

[0066] 4G digital vibration sensor: suitable for short-term monitoring (≤20 construction sections) and scenarios with good mobile network. Data is transmitted directly to the remote collaborative support center via 4G network.

[0067] Wired analog vibration sensor: suitable for long-term continuous monitoring (>20 construction sections), outputs voltage signal, and vibration parameters are obtained by edge computer through fast Fourier transform.

[0068] Edge computer: Receives vibration parameters collected by the sensor group and selects the data transmission path (transmit to the field system or upload directly to the remote center) depending on whether there is an on-site vibration monitoring system.

[0069] On-site vibration monitoring system: Communicates with the edge computer, and simultaneously obtains the displacement and pressure of a single piece of equipment from the host computer controlling the fracturing skid / cart, and obtains the total displacement and sand concentration from the construction monitoring software, so as to achieve time alignment of vibration parameters and process parameters, and upload them to the remote collaborative support center.

[0070] Remote Collaborative Support Center: Receives vibration parameters and process parameters, stores all historical data, and enables real-time monitoring, alarm triggering, fault diagnosis, and threshold optimization. It is the core of the system's data processing and decision-making.

[0071] Client-side applications include computer and mobile clients, allowing users to view vibration data, alarm information, spectrum data, and historical records in real time.

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, both the on-site vibration monitoring system and the remote collaborative support center include the following functional modules to realize the full-process processing of vibration data:

[0073] The real-time characteristic value monitoring module collects and displays the vibration acceleration, vibration velocity, and vibration displacement of the X, Y, and Z axes in real time, serving as the basic data for monitoring and alarm.

[0074] Alarm module: When the equipment is in construction state, the alarm is triggered if the vibration speed or vibration displacement exceeds the preset threshold limit based on process parameters (pressure, displacement); no response is made when the equipment is not in construction state.

[0075] Alarm methods: The on-site system triggers an audible and visual alarm; the remote center broadcasts an alarm through a loudspeaker and pushes alarm information to the responsible person or supervisor at each level according to a preset cycle (WeChat official account, telephone, SMS).

[0076] Furthermore, in this invention, the alarm threshold can be divided into multiple alarm standards according to the actual situation on site, specifically as follows:

[0077] Level 1 alarm: Vibration velocity / displacement exceeds the Level 1 alarm threshold, and the spectrum analysis module does not match high-risk fault samples (such as the initial stage of bolt loosening).

[0078] Alarm method: Only the on-site vibration monitoring system triggers an audible and visual alarm, and the client pushes a notification (non-forced response).

[0079] Level 2 alarm: Vibration velocity / displacement exceeds the level 2 alarm threshold, or matches medium-risk fault samples such as loose support;

[0080] Alarm method: On-site audible and visual alarm + remote collaborative support center pushes to the team leader every 5 minutes (hierarchical push mechanism), and automatically escalates if no response is received within 15 minutes.

[0081] Level 3 alarm: Vibration velocity / displacement exceeds the Level 3 alarm threshold, or matches high-risk samples such as "cracks / pipe bursts"; Alarm method: On-site sound and light + remote loudspeaker sound + simultaneous push to team leader, captain, and person in charge (telephone + SMS), and automatically retrieve emergency handling records of similar faults in the historical data module (such as rectification plans for the three most recent crack faults).

[0082] False alarm prevention design: By setting alarm trigger delay, recovery delay and dead zone, false alarms caused by vibration data fluctuations are filtered out.

[0083] This embodiment provides a specific application method for a spectrum analysis module, which is used for fault diagnosis. The specific process is as follows:

[0084] Vibration data is acquired in real time, and the spectrum of normal data is stored in the "Normal Data Spectrum Library" as a benchmark;

[0085] When an alarm is triggered, the fault spectrum is obtained and compared with the fault database sample:

[0086] If there are similar samples, directly determine the cause of the failure (such as loose support, resonance, etc.) and notify the site; after the site feedback, mark the spectrum and store it in the failure database;

[0087] If there are no similar samples, compare with the normal spectrum. If there are failure characteristics, mark the cause in combination with the site feedback and store it in the database; if there are no characteristics, obtain the spectrum again.

[0088] Historical data module: Store vibration parameters, process parameters (displacement, pressure, sand concentration, etc.) and spectrum data to provide data support for threshold optimization and failure analysis.

[0089] This embodiment provides a method for establishing the association rule between environmental parameters and vibration thresholds using a spectrum analysis module and a historical data module. During fault diagnosis, the spectrum analysis module automatically marks the environmental parameters (such as abnormal high-frequency vibration in a high-humidity environment) to assist in locating the cause on-site (such as bolt corrosion and loosening caused by moisture).

[0090] The preset threshold is calculated in the following way to ensure that the threshold matches the equipment operating conditions (pressure, displacement). The steps are as follows:

[0091] Set the upper and lower limits of valid data (i, j) to filter out invalid data during non-construction periods;

[0092] Merge the vibration data of each fracturing truck, electric-driven fracturing skid, and diesel-driven fracturing skid that meet "i < X < j" under different pressure and displacement conditions to form a data set Xa;

[0093] Sort Xa in ascending order and remove duplicates;

[0094] Calculate the percentage P. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0095]

[0096] where n is the sample size and P is the percentage input for trial. If K is an integer, take the Kth value as the threshold Qp; if K is a decimal, calculate by linear interpolation:

[0097]

[0098] where is the value at the position of rounding K up and down;

[0099] Subdivide by equipment type (fracturing truck, electric / diesel-driven fracturing skid), pressure grade (≤30MPa to 139.1 - 14MPa), and displacement grade (≤0.5m³ / min to ≥2.0m³ / min) to form corresponding threshold tables (such as Qa30 - 1, Qb140 - 2, etc.). <B

[0100] Furthermore, to improve the effectiveness of the threshold, the characteristic frequencies and amplitude characteristics of the vibration signal are captured in real time through the spectrum analysis module. Combined with the massive amount of operating parameters (sand concentration, pressure, discharge rate) and fault cases (insufficient intake, fluid pulsation harmonics, installation support defects, etc.) stored in the historical data module, a dynamic vibration threshold correction rule is established, as follows:

[0101] The dynamic threshold is based on the calculated static threshold. By introducing correction coefficients related to operating conditions and typical faults, the threshold is dynamically adapted. The formula is as follows:

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, λ1-λ7 are weighting coefficients (fitted based on historical fault data, with a sum ≤ 0.3), and F1-F7 are normalized influence factors of each related factor (ranging from 0 to 1, with larger values ​​indicating more significant influence). Specifically:

[0104] F1 is the sand concentration influence factor, used to reflect the aggravating effect of sand concentration on manifold wear and vibration; the calculation formula is: F1 = actual sand concentration / reference sand concentration (the reference sand concentration is 20%); when the sand concentration is >30%, F1 = 1 (high wear risk), λ1 = 0.08.

[0105] F2 is the pressure fluctuation influence factor, used to correlate with pressure stability. Sudden pressure rises / falls can easily trigger vibration amplification. The calculation formula is: F2 = actual pressure change rate / reference pressure change rate (the reference pressure change rate is taken as 5MPa / s). When the pressure change rate is >10MPa / s, F2 = 1 and λ2 = 0.06.

[0106] F3 is the displacement fluctuation impact factor, used to reflect the impact of insufficient intake or unstable displacement (displacement fluctuation is significant when intake is insufficient); calculation formula: F3 = displacement volatility (actual displacement standard deviation / average displacement); when volatility > 15%, F3 = 1, λ3 = 0.07.

[0107] F4 is the fluid pulsation harmonic influence factor, which identifies the proportion of harmonic amplitudes at 2 times and 3 times the fundamental frequency (the fundamental frequency corresponding to the displacement) in the pressure / vibration signal through the spectrum analysis module.

[0108] Calculation formula: F4 = total harmonic amplitude / fundamental frequency amplitude; when F4 > 0.5 (strong pulsation characteristic), λ4 = 0.05.

[0109] F5 is the installation support defect factor, based on the vibration characteristics (e.g., abnormal low-frequency vibration amplitude) corresponding to faults such as "improper installation support" and "pad detachment" in historical data. It monitors the proportion of amplitude in the low-frequency band below 10Hz through the spectrum analysis module. Calculation formula: F5 = low-frequency band (≤10Hz) amplitude / total amplitude; when F5 > 0.3 (typical characteristic of support defects), λ5 = 0.09.

[0110] F6 is the resonance risk factor, which identifies frequency components in the vibration signal that coincide with the manifold's natural frequency (based on design parameters and a historical normal spectrum library) through a spectrum analysis module. The calculation formula is: F6 = Resonance frequency amplitude / Reference resonance amplitude (the reference value is the 90th percentile of this frequency under normal operating conditions); when F6 > 1 (significant resonance characteristics), λ6 = 0.10.

[0111] F7 is the equipment excitation transmission factor, used to correlate the intensity of the excitation transmitted through the manifold by the fracturing truck / skid. It is related to the equipment type (electric drive / diesel drive) and connection method. Based on the fitting of excitation transmission coefficients for different equipment types in historical data, diesel drive equipment is more significantly affected by mechanical vibration, λ7=0.05 (electric drive λ7=0.03), F7=1 (enabled by default).

[0112] The dynamic adjustment mechanism for threshold correction in this invention specifically includes: the spectrum analysis module monitors the characteristic values ​​of F4 (harmonics), F5 (low frequency band), and F6 (resonance frequency) in real time, and updates the influence factor every 10 seconds;

[0113] The historical data module retrieves the statistical values ​​of the current operating conditions (sand concentration, pressure, and discharge) every hour and updates F1, F2, and F3.

[0114] When the influence factor F of a certain factor is greater than or equal to 0.8, the weight coefficient of that factor is automatically increased by 20% (e.g., λ6 increases from 0.10 to 0.12), thus enhancing the sensitivity to high-risk scenarios.

[0115] Each week, λ1-λ7 are refitted based on historical fault data (such as the F5 value before the "pad detachment" fault) to ensure that the weights match the correlation with the actual fault.

[0116] Furthermore, the system's workflow is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it includes:

[0117] Step 1: The sensor group collects vibration parameters according to the monitoring duration and network environment, and sends them to the edge computer or directly to the remote collaborative support center through the corresponding transmission method;

[0118] Step 2: If an on-site vibration monitoring system exists, the edge computer transmits the vibration parameters to the on-site vibration monitoring system. After obtaining the process parameters, the on-site vibration monitoring system aligns the vibration parameters with the process parameters in time and uploads them to the remote collaborative support center. If no on-site vibration monitoring system exists, the edge computer directly uploads the vibration parameters to the remote collaborative support center. The process parameters are entered manually, and the remote collaborative support center aligns the vibration parameters with the process parameters in time.

[0119] Step 3: The remote collaborative support center and the on-site vibration monitoring system monitor vibration parameters in real time and determine whether the construction state is being implemented by combining process parameters. If the construction state is being implemented, the vibration velocity and vibration displacement are compared with preset thresholds. An alarm is triggered when the thresholds are exceeded.

[0120] Step 4: When an alarm is triggered, the system acquires the time-domain spectrum and frequency-domain spectrum during the alarm period, diagnoses the cause of the fault by comparing it with the spectrum library, and guides on-site rectification.

[0121] Example 3

[0122] This embodiment provides a specific implementation method.

[0123] At a shale gas fracturing operation site, monitoring of the fracturing manifolds of 10 wells is required. Three wells (15 sections) are undergoing short-term fracturing with poor mobile network connectivity, so LoRa digital vibration sensors are deployed. Data is received by an edge computer via LoRa and transmitted to the on-site vibration monitoring system. Five wells (18 sections) are undergoing short-term fracturing with good network connectivity, so 4G digital vibration sensors are deployed, and data is directly uploaded to a remote collaborative support center. Two wells (30 sections) are undergoing long-term fracturing, so wired analog vibration sensors are deployed, and data is processed by an edge computer using Fast Fourier Transform before being uploaded.

[0124] The on-site vibration monitoring system obtains the single-unit displacement (0.6-2.0 m³ / min) and pressure (30-140 MPa) from the fracturing truck's control host computer, and the total displacement and sand concentration from the construction software. This data is then uploaded after being aligned with the vibration data in time. The remote center calculates thresholds using historical data; for example, when the fracturing truck's pressure is ≤30 MPa and displacement is 0.6 m³ / min, the threshold is set to Qa30-2.

[0125] During construction, the vibration velocity of a manifold at a wellhead exceeded the threshold, triggering an audible and visual alarm on-site. The remote control center notified the on-site supervisor via SMS and automatically retrieved the fault spectrum. This spectrum was similar to the "loose bolt" sample in the fault database. The system immediately relayed this information to the site, and after the operators tightened the bolts, the vibration returned to normal. The system recorded this process and updated the fault database.

[0126] This invention solves the problem of vibration monitoring in fracturing manifolds through real-time sensor perception, Internet of Things transmission, and intelligent analysis and diagnosis, providing a reliable technical means to ensure the safety of oil and gas fracturing operations.

[0127] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0128] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration-based oil and gas fracturing manifold fault alarm and diagnostic system, characterized in that: The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. Step c2: merge the vibration velocities or displacements of each fracturing truck, electric drive fracturing sled, and diesel drive fracturing sled under different pressure and displacement conditions to meet i < X < j into a data set X a ={X1,X2,...,X n} The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. wherein is the value of the K floor position, is the value of the K ceiling position, is the K floor; The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center.

2. The vibration-based oil and gas fracturing manifold fault alarm and diagnostic system of claim 1, wherein: The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center.

3. The vibration-based oil and gas fracturing manifold fault alarm and diagnostic system of claim 2, wherein: The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center.

4. The vibration-based oil and gas fracturing manifold fault alarm and diagnostic system of claim 3, wherein: The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. 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The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. 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The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. The application relates to a field vibration monitoring system and a remote collaborative support center. Step a: Real-time acquisition of vibration velocity and displacement data of the measuring point, if the data is normal, its frequency spectrum is stored as the reference frequency spectrum in the normal data frequency spectrum library; Step b: If the data triggers an alarm, acquire the fault frequency spectrum and compare it with the fault frequency spectrum samples in the fault library: If there is a similar sample, determine the fault reason marked by the sample and notify the site; after the site feedbacks the final reason, mark the fault frequency spectrum and store it in the fault library; If there is no similar sample, compare the fault frequency spectrum with the reference frequency spectrum in the normal data frequency spectrum library, if there is a fault feature, mark the reason combined with the site feedback and store it in the fault library; if there is no fault feature, reacquire the fault frequency spectrum.

5. The vibration-based oil and gas fracturing manifold fault alarm and diagnostic system of claim 1, wherein: The pressure level includes a classification of ≤30MPa to 139.1-140MPa, and the displacement level includes a classification of ≤0.5m³ / min, 0.6-2.0m³ / min, different equipment types, pressure levels and displacement levels correspond to different upper alarm thresholds.

6. The vibration-based oil and gas fracturing manifold fault alarm and diagnostic system of claim 1, wherein: The fracturing manifold measuring points include wellhead manifold measuring points, single truck / manifold measuring points and temporarily determined measuring points.

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