Automatic mounting and dismounting device for unit support

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic mounting and dismounting device for a unit support, and relates to the field of automatic mounting and dismounting equipment for underground unit supports. The device completes installation and withdrawing of the underground unit support, can move transversely and longitudinally, replaces a traditional construction method adopting a pneumatic monorail crane and a single body to assist manual pushing in place, reduces the labor intensity of workers, and improves the safety of installation and withdrawing of the unit support. According to the technical scheme, the automatic mounting and dismounting device for the unit support comprises an upper base, a lower base, a side supporting mechanism and a hoisting mechanism. The device is researched and developed for automatic mounting and dismounting work of two roadways and gob-side entry retaining unit supports, and the unit supports are pulled to the position below a transportation monorail crane from the supporting positions and transported to be mounted to the supporting positions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of automatic installation and removal equipment for downhole unit supports. Background Art

[0002] At present, the use of unit supports in gob-side tunnels and working face tunnels is becoming more and more widespread. A mine has at least hundreds or even thousands of unit supports. The unit supports are used to support the height of the tunnel, such as Figure 1 、 2 As shown, after the mining is completed, the abandoned tunnel needs to recover the supporting unit brackets. During the recovery, the unit bracket moving device is used to move them from the installation position to the bottom of the transport monorail crane for easy lifting and transportation. In addition, the large tunnel in front of the mining face needs unit brackets for support, and the unit brackets transported by the monorail crane need to be installed to the predetermined support position with the help of the unit bracket moving device.

[0003] However, the traditional unit bracket moving device has a large weight, but it also needs to move horizontally and vertically. For example, when facing an uneven tunnel, it is necessary to use a short horizontal distance side shift to ensure the position of each lifting and the swing space after lifting; and when the unit bracket is being installed or removed, it is necessary to use longitudinal displacement to adapt to the distance between the two unit brackets.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the traditional unit bracket moving device so that it can adjust its own position conveniently and stably and remain stable after displacement has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above problems, the present invention proposes an automatic installation and withdrawal device for unit supports. The device completes the installation and withdrawal of underground unit supports and can move horizontally and vertically by itself, replacing the traditional method of using pneumatic monorail cranes and single-unit assisted manual pushing into place, reducing the labor intensity of workers and improving the safety of unit support installation and withdrawal.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the unit support automatic installation and removal device includes an upper base 1, a lower base 2, a side support mechanism 3 and a lifting mechanism 5; A longitudinal self-shifting oil cylinder 22 is provided between the upper base 1 and the lower base 2, which drives the upper base 1 and the lower base 2 to move relative to each other forward and backward. The lifting mechanism 5 is installed on the upper base 1. The side support mechanism 3 includes a fixed seat 31, a lateral pushing cylinder 32, a ground supporting cylinder 33 and a supporting bottom 34. The fixed seat 31 is fixedly installed on the upper base 1 along the width direction of the upper base 1. The cylinder body of the lateral pushing cylinder 32 is fixedly installed in the fixed seat 31, and its cylinder rod is connected to the inner sleeve with one end inserted into the fixed seat 31. The other end of the inner sleeve is connected to the cylinder body of the ground supporting cylinder 33. The ground supporting cylinder 33 is arranged vertically, and the end of its cylinder rod is hinged to the supporting bottom 34.

[0007] The side support mechanisms 3 include multiple ground support cylinders 33 distributed around the upper base 1 .

[0008] In this way, when the unit support automated installation and removal device needs to adjust its fore-aft position, the lower base can be opened to enable it to move forward and backward. When the unit support automated installation and removal device needs to move laterally to a certain side, all the base supports on that side are first raised, and those on the other side are lowered. Then, by extending the lateral push cylinder, the unit support automated installation and removal device is forced to move laterally to one side. The cylinder is then retracted, completing the lateral movement of the device. Ultimately, the unit support automated installation and removal device in this case has the ability to move both forward and backward, as well as left and right.

[0009] The lower base 2 includes a walking base 21 and a longitudinal self-moving cylinder 22. The walking base 21 is slidably connected to the bottom of the upper base 1 along the length direction of the upper base 1. The longitudinal self-moving cylinder 22 is arranged along the length direction of the upper base 1, and the two ends of the longitudinal self-moving cylinder 22 are respectively hinged to the walking base 21 and the upper base 1.

[0010] Regarding the above-mentioned sliding installation, Figure 5a As shown, C-shaped slide rails 20 are fixedly connected to both the upper base 1 and the lower base 2. The C-shaped slide rails 20 on the upper and lower bases 1 and 2 face each other and interlock, ensuring that the upper base 1 is securely connected to the lower base 2. When the longitudinal self-moving cylinder 22 is extended, it can drive the upper base to move. When the longitudinal self-moving cylinder 22 is retracted, the upper and lower bases are tightly connected, thereby directly transferring the overall weight of the fuselage and the hanging weight to the ground, thereby ensuring the stability of the fuselage.

[0011] The action process of the lower base is as follows Figure 6-8 As shown, in the first step, all the bottom supports are upward, so that the walking base is on the ground; in the second step, the walking base is driven forward or backward by the longitudinal self-moving cylinder; in the third step, all the bottom supports support the upper base downward, so that the walking base is suspended in the air; in the fourth step, the longitudinal self-moving cylinder moves in the opposite direction and returns to the initial state.

[0012] like Figure 3-4As shown, the unit support automatic installation and removal device also includes a top supporting mechanism 4 installed on the side of the lower base 2. The top supporting mechanism 4 includes a vertically arranged top supporting cylinder 41. The bottom end of the top supporting cylinder 41 is fixedly installed on the side of the lower base 2.

[0013] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the lifting mechanism 5 includes a swivel mounting seat 51, a telescopic arm 52 and a hanging member 53. The swivel mounting seat 51 is rotatably mounted on the upper base 1, and a rotating power source for driving the swivel mounting seat 51 to rotate is also provided on the upper base 1; one end of the telescopic arm 52 is hinged to the swivel mounting seat 51, and a lifting cylinder 54 is also provided between the swivel mounting seat 51 and the telescopic arm 52, and the two ends of the lifting cylinder 54 are respectively hinged to the swivel mounting seat 51 and the telescopic arm 52; the telescopic arm 52 includes an inner arm, an outer arm and a telescopic cylinder 55, the root of the outer arm is hinged to the swivel mounting seat 51, one end of the inner arm extends into the outer arm, and the other end is fixedly connected to the hanging member 53, and the two ends of the telescopic cylinder 55 are respectively hinged to the inner arm and the outer arm.

[0014] Further, such as Figure 4a As shown, the swivel mounting base 51 includes a swivel portion connected to a power source and a connecting portion extending forward, the connecting portion being hinged to the lifting cylinder 54 and lower than the swivel portion, thereby effectively reducing the overall height of the lifting mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, the root of the hanging member 53 is connected to the connecting plate at the end of the telescopic inner arm 52. The connecting plate is evenly distributed with connecting holes. The angle of the end of the hanging member 53 can be adjusted by connecting different connecting holes through a pin shaft to ensure that the lifting unit bracket is as parallel as possible to the top beam of the unit bracket to release internal stress.

[0016] In this way, by changing the position of the pin, different angles can be adjusted to suit different lane angles. The hanging parts used in this case have better flexibility and rigidity, and can be directly matched with chains or butterfly buckles, which is more convenient in use. Compared with the existing technology, the rotating connection point is eliminated, avoiding the problem of concentrated force fracture due to angle problems. The beneficial effects brought by the self-movement of the present invention are: On the one hand, when used to deal with uneven tunnels, the short lateral shift can enable the equipment to ensure the position of each lifting and ensure the space for swinging after lifting, so that the unit bracket can be installed in a unified position against the wall during operation.

[0017] On the other hand, during the longitudinal self-movement process, the platform can move 1400mm, which is the width of a bracket installation interval, when the cylinder completes a stroke working cycle. Therefore, during the installation or withdrawal of the unit bracket, the longitudinal self-movement can effectively adapt to the interval distance between the two unit brackets, ensuring that the spacing between the two unit brackets is uniform.

[0018] In general, the present invention is developed for the installation and removal of unit supports along the empty lanes, and is applicable to the installation and removal of unit supports underground, and solves the problem of pulling the unit support from the support position to the bottom of the transport monorail crane, and then installing the transported unit support to the support position. The power source is taken from the emulsion of the working surface, and the equipment can move horizontally and vertically by itself, and can be remotely operated using a remote controller, which reduces the labor intensity of workers and improves the safety of the installation and removal of the unit supports. In addition, the top support mechanism can support the top plate when lifting the unit support, and stabilize the automatic installation and removal device; and the two sets of side support mechanisms installed on the upper base can stably realize the ground support action, so as to support the upper base when the device moves by itself; at the same time, there is a rotary drive in the lifting mechanism to drive the lifting arm to rotate, and the rotation angle is more than ±65°, which has a wide range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working scene of this case. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the working scene of this case. Figure 3 It is the three-dimensional Figure 1 , Figure 4 It is the three-dimensional Figure 2 , Figure 4a This is a cross-sectional view of the rotary mount. Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the case. Figure 5a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the C-shaped slide rail. Figure 6 This is the working status of this case when walking Figure 1 , Figure 7 This is the working status of this case when walking Figure 2 , Figure 8 This is the working status of this case when walking Figure 3 ; In the figure, 1 is the upper base, 2 is the lower base, 3 is the side support mechanism, 4 is the top support mechanism, and 5 is the lifting mechanism; 6 is the unit support, 7 is the lane; 21 is a walking base, 22 is a longitudinal self-moving cylinder; 20 is a C-shaped slide rail; 31 is a fixed seat, 32 is a lateral push cylinder, 33 is a ground support cylinder, and 34 is a bottom support; 41 is the top support cylinder, 42 is the top foot; 51 is a rotary mounting seat, 52 is a telescopic arm, 53 is a hanging part, 54 is a lifting cylinder, and 55 is a telescopic cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this patent, this patent is described in detail below through specific implementation methods and in combination with its accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 3-5 As shown, the unit support automatic installation and removal device includes an upper base 1, a lower base 2, a side support mechanism 3 and a lifting mechanism 5; The lower base 2 is mounted on the upper base 1 and is used to drive the upper base 1 to move forward and backward. The lifting mechanism 5 is mounted on the upper base 1 and is used to lift and swing the unit bracket 6. The side support mechanism 3 includes a fixed seat 31, a lateral pushing cylinder 32, a ground supporting cylinder 33 and a supporting bottom 34. The fixed seat 31 is fixedly installed on the upper base 1 along the width direction of the upper base 1. The cylinder body of the lateral pushing cylinder 32 is fixedly installed in the fixed seat 31, and its cylinder rod is connected to the inner sleeve with one end inserted into the fixed seat 31. The other end of the inner sleeve is connected to the cylinder body of the ground supporting cylinder 33. The ground supporting cylinder 33 is arranged vertically, and the end of its cylinder rod is hinged to the supporting bottom 34.

[0022] The side support mechanisms 3 include multiple ground support cylinders 33 distributed around the upper base 1 .

[0023] Two side support mechanisms 3 are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the upper base 1 , and the side support mechanisms 3 on the same side are staggered in the front-to-back direction, thereby reducing the overall width of the device.

[0024] In this way, when the unit support automatic installation and removal device needs to adjust its front-to-back position, the lower base can be opened to enable it to move in the front-to-back direction. When the unit support automatic installation and removal device needs to move horizontally to a certain side, all the bottom supports on that side can be raised first, and the bottom supports on the other side can be lowered. Then, by extending the horizontal push cylinder, the unit support automatic installation and removal device is forced to move horizontally to the side. Ultimately, the unit support automatic installation and removal device in this case has the ability to move in both the front-to-back direction and the left-to-right direction.

[0025] During the process, four short cylinders are placed horizontally on both sides of the equipment and connected to the bottom cylinder to form a two-way movement. In coordination, the lateral self-movement is completed. The support legs under the lateral self-movement are supported by ball joints to solve the support problem when on gentle slopes or uneven ground.

[0026] The lower base 2 includes a walking base 21 and a longitudinal self-moving cylinder 22. The walking base 21 is slidably connected to the bottom of the upper base 1 along the length direction of the upper base 1. The longitudinal self-moving cylinder 22 is arranged along the length direction of the upper base 1, and the two ends of the longitudinal self-moving cylinder 22 are respectively hinged to the walking base 21 and the upper base 1.

[0027] Regarding the above-mentioned sliding installation, Figure 5a As shown, C-shaped slide rails 20 are fixedly connected to both the upper base 1 and the lower base 2. The C-shaped slide rails 20 on the upper and lower bases 1 and 2 face each other and interlock, ensuring that the upper base 1 is securely connected to the lower base 2. When the longitudinal self-moving cylinder 22 is extended, it can drive the upper base to move. When the longitudinal self-moving cylinder 22 is retracted, the upper and lower bases are tightly connected, thereby directly transferring the overall weight of the fuselage and the hanging weight to the ground, thereby ensuring the stability of the fuselage.

[0028] The action process of the lower base is as follows Figure 6-8 As shown, in the first step, all the bottom supports are upward, so that the walking base is on the ground; in the second step, the walking base is driven forward or backward by the longitudinal self-moving cylinder; in the third step, all the bottom supports support the upper base downward, so that the walking base is suspended in the air; in the fourth step, the longitudinal self-moving cylinder moves in the opposite direction and returns to the initial state, completing a self-moving process.

[0029] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the unit support automatic installation and removal device also includes a top supporting mechanism 4 installed on the side of the lower base 2. The top supporting mechanism 4 includes a vertically arranged top supporting cylinder 41. The bottom end of the top supporting cylinder 41 is fixedly installed on the side of the lower base 2.

[0030] A top foot 42 is fixedly mounted on the top of the supporting oil cylinder 41 .

[0031] During use, the upward extension of the top support cylinder supports the top of the tunnel 7, and together with the multiple bottom supports 34, a stable support structure is formed. Whether to use this structure can be selected based on the actual tunnel conditions. Furthermore, considering that the top support cylinder 41 may interfere with the movement of the lifting mechanism 5, the bottom end of the top support cylinder 41 is fixedly mounted to the side of the lower base 2, and the lower and upper bases are staggered to avoid motion interference.

[0032] like Figure 3-4As shown, the lifting mechanism 5 includes a swivel mounting seat 51, a telescopic arm 52 and a hanging member 53. The swivel mounting seat 51 is rotatably mounted on the upper base 1, and a rotating power source for driving the swivel mounting seat 51 to rotate is also provided on the upper base 1; one end of the telescopic arm 52 is hinged to the swivel mounting seat 51, and a lifting cylinder 54 is also provided between the swivel mounting seat 51 and the telescopic arm 52, and the two ends of the lifting cylinder 54 are respectively hinged to the swivel mounting seat 51 and the telescopic arm 52; the telescopic arm 52 includes an inner arm, an outer arm and a telescopic cylinder 55, the root of the outer arm is hinged to the swivel mounting seat 51, one end of the inner arm extends into the outer arm, and the other end is fixedly connected to the hanging member 53, and the two ends of the telescopic cylinder 55 are respectively hinged to the inner arm and the outer arm.

[0033] In this way, firstly, the slewing mounting seat can drive the telescopic arm and the hanging part to rotate and adjust as a whole under the drive of the rotating power source; secondly, the telescopic arm can swing up and down under the drive of the lifting cylinder, driving the hanging part to rise and fall; thirdly, the telescopic arm itself can perform telescopic movements under the action of the telescopic cylinder.

[0034] In particular, the downward movement of the bottom end of the lifting cylinder can also move the center of gravity of the lifting mechanism as a whole downward, thereby further ensuring the stability of use and structure, and reducing the overall equipment height, avoiding height restrictions on use in some tunnels.

[0035] like Figure 4a As shown, the swivel mounting base 51 includes a swivel portion connected to a power source and a connecting portion extending forward, the connecting portion being hinged to the lifting cylinder 54 and lower than the swivel portion, thereby effectively reducing the overall height of the lifting mechanism.

[0036] The root of the hanging member 53 is connected to the connecting plate at the end of the telescopic inner arm 52. The connecting plate is evenly distributed with connecting holes. The angle of the end of the hanging member 53 can be adjusted by connecting different connecting holes through a pin shaft to ensure that the lifting unit bracket is as parallel as possible to the top beam of the unit bracket to release internal stress.

[0037] By changing the position of the pins, the angle can be adjusted to suit different roadway angles. The hanging parts used in this case offer greater flexibility and rigidity, and can be directly used with chains or butterfly buckles, making them more convenient to use. Compared with existing technologies, the rotating connection point is eliminated, avoiding the problem of concentrated force and breakage due to angle problems.

[0038] There are many specific implementation ways of the present invention. The above is only the preferred implementation method of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A unit support automatic installation and removal device, characterized in that: The unit support automatic installation and removal device comprises an upper base (1), a lower base (2), a side support mechanism (3) and a lifting mechanism (5); A longitudinal self-moving oil cylinder (22) is provided between the upper base (1) and the lower base (2), and the longitudinal self-moving oil cylinder (22) drives the upper base (1) and the lower base (2) to move relative to each other forward and backward, and the lifting mechanism (5) is installed on the upper base (1); The side support mechanism (3) includes a fixed seat (31), a lateral push cylinder (32), a ground support cylinder (33) and a support base (34). The fixed seat (31) is fixedly mounted on the upper base (1) along the width direction of the upper base (1). The cylinder body of the lateral push cylinder (32) is fixedly mounted in the fixed seat (31). The cylinder rod thereof is connected to an inner sleeve having one end inserted into the fixed seat (31). The other end of the inner sleeve is connected to the cylinder body of the ground support cylinder (33). The ground support cylinder (33) is arranged vertically, and the end of the cylinder rod thereof is hinged to the support base (34).

2. The automatic installation and removal device for unit brackets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side support mechanism (3) comprises a plurality of ground support cylinders (33) of the plurality of side support mechanisms (3) distributed around the upper base (1).

3. The automatic installation and removal device for unit brackets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower base (2) includes a walking base (21) and a longitudinal self-moving oil cylinder (22), wherein the walking base (21) is slidably connected to the bottom of the upper base (1) along the length direction of the upper base (1), and the longitudinal self-moving oil cylinder (22) is arranged along the length direction of the upper base (1), and the two ends of the longitudinal self-moving oil cylinder (22) are respectively hinged to the walking base (21) and the upper base (1).

4. The automatic installation and removal device for unit brackets according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The unit support automatic installation and removal device further comprises a top supporting mechanism (4) installed on the side of the lower base (2), the top supporting mechanism (4) comprising a vertically arranged top supporting oil cylinder (41), the bottom end of the top supporting oil cylinder (41) being fixedly mounted on the side of the lower base (2).

5. The automatic installation and removal device for unit brackets according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (5) includes a slewing mounting seat (51), a telescopic arm (52) and a hanging member (53), wherein the slewing mounting seat (51) is rotatably mounted on the upper base (1), and a rotating power source for driving the slewing mounting seat (51) to rotate is also provided on the upper base (1); one end of the telescopic arm (52) is hinged to the slewing mounting seat (51), and a lifting cylinder (54) is provided between the slewing mounting seat (51) and the telescopic arm (52), and the two ends of the lifting cylinder (54) are respectively hinged to the slewing mounting seat (51) and the telescopic arm (52); the telescopic arm (52) includes an inner arm, an outer arm and a telescopic cylinder (55), the root of the outer arm is hinged to the slewing mounting seat (51), one end of the inner arm extends into the outer arm, and the other end is fixedly connected to the hanging member (53), and the two ends of the telescopic cylinder (55) are respectively hinged to the inner arm and the outer arm.

6. The automatic installation and removal device for unit brackets according to claim 5, characterized in that: The swivel mounting seat (51) comprises a swivel portion connected to a power source and a connection portion extending forward, wherein the connection portion is hinged to the lifting cylinder (54) and is lower than the swivel portion.

7. The automatic installation and removal device for unit brackets according to claim 5, characterized in that: The root of the hanging member (53) is connected to a connecting plate at the end of the telescopic inner arm (52), and connecting holes are evenly distributed on the connecting plate. The angle of the end of the hanging member (53) can be adjusted by connecting different connecting holes through a pin shaft.

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