Dryer adjustable discharging device and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an adjustable discharging device of a dryer and a control method thereof.The adjustable discharging device comprises a plurality of grain guiding structures, a plurality of discharging plates, a connecting plate and a linear driving mechanism, a grain discharging space is formed between every two adjacent grain guiding structures, the length and width of each discharging plate are consistent with those of the grain discharging space, and the connecting plate is connected with the grain discharging space. The discharge plate is arranged at the bottom of the grain discharge space, and a blanking gap for discharging grains is formed between the discharge plate and the bottom of the grain guide structure; the plurality of discharging plates are connected in series through the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is connected with the linear driving mechanism. The connecting plate is driven by the linear driving mechanism to move linearly, and the connecting plate drives the discharging plate to move, so that the size of a blanking gap between the discharging plate and the bottom of the grain guide structure can be enlarged or reduced to adapt to discharging of grains with different grain sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an adjustable discharge device of a dryer and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As we all know, grain processing equipment plays a very important role in the field of agricultural machinery. Dryers are commonly used to reduce the moisture content of grain to prevent mildew and prolong storage time. After harvest, grain must be dried before it can be stored. During the drying process, traditional dryers need to evenly discharge the grain through a grain discharge mechanism to ensure the drying effect of the grain. The grain discharge mechanism usually includes a grain discharge port and a grain feeding wheel, and the grain is discharged through the grain feeding gap. The existing grain feeding wheel structure will cause damage to the grain during the feeding process, thereby increasing the grain breakage rate and affecting the drying effect of the dryer.

[0003] Specifically, traditional grain-discharging wheel structures struggle to adapt effectively to grains of varying particle sizes. This is because the grain-discharging wheel's clearance and shape are typically fixed, making it difficult to adjust according to grain size. This can lead to broken grains or seeds during the discharge process, which not only impacts dryer performance but also reduces yield. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable discharging device for a dryer and a control method thereof, so as to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the grain discharging wheel is difficult to adjust according to the size of the grain particles, which may cause damage to the grain.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an adjustable discharge device for a dryer, comprising a plurality of grain guiding structures, a plurality of discharge plates, a connecting plate and a linear drive mechanism, a grain discharge space is provided between adjacent grain guiding structures, the length and width of the discharge plate are consistent with the length and width of the grain discharge space, the discharge plate is arranged at the bottom of the grain discharge space, and a drop gap is provided between the discharge plate and the bottom of the grain guiding structure for discharging grains; the connecting plate connects the plurality of discharge plates in series, and the connecting plate is connected to the linear drive mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the linear drive mechanism includes a drive plate, a rotating shaft and a motor. The drive plate is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. A threaded hole is provided on the drive plate. The rotating shaft is connected to the output end of the motor. A thread is provided on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft cooperates with the threaded hole.

[0007] Further preferably, it also includes a reinforcing plate, a reinforcing hole is provided in the middle of the reinforcing plate, the reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to the driving plate, the thickness of the reinforcing plate is greater than the thickness of the driving plate, the reinforcing hole is aligned with the threaded hole, and a thread is provided in the reinforcing hole to cooperate with the rotating shaft.

[0008] Further preferably, the driving plate is the discharge plate close to the motor, and the reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to the driving plate.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a blanking frame, the multiple food guiding structures are fixed in the blanking frame at equal intervals, the linear drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the blanking frame, and the connecting plate is slidably connected to the blanking frame.

[0010] Further preferably, the grain guide structure includes a first grain guide plate, a second grain guide plate and two baffles, the upper side of the first grain guide plate and the upper side of the second grain guide plate are joined to each other to form a tip, the lower side of the first grain guide plate and the lower side of the second grain guide plate are far away from each other, the two baffles are respectively fixed to the lower side of the first grain guide plate and the lower side of the second grain guide plate, and the blanking gap is set between the baffle and the discharge plate.

[0011] Further preferably, it also includes a plurality of guide wheels, which are arranged side by side and the arrangement direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the food guiding structure. The guide wheels are rotatably connected to the side walls inside the blanking frame, and the connecting plates are overlapped on the guide wheels.

[0012] The present invention also provides a control method for an adjustable discharge device of a dryer, which is applied to the adjustable discharge device of the dryer as described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1. Obtaining current particle size information of the grain to be dried, and inputting the current particle size information into a pre-established gap particle size mapping model to obtain a target blanking gap corresponding to the current particle size information; wherein the gap particle size mapping model includes a mapping relationship between the blanking gap and the particle size;

[0014] S2, obtaining the current blanking gap, determining whether the difference between the current blanking gap and the target blanking gap is within a preset range, if so, proceeding to S3; if not, controlling the linear drive mechanism to drive the discharge plate to move in the horizontal direction to adjust the current blanking gap to the target blanking gap;

[0015] S3, starting the adjustable discharge device of the dryer to discharge the material;

[0016] S4, obtaining the corresponding discharge data of each blanking gap, and judging whether there is a blanking gap that meets the preset congestion condition among all the blanking gaps according to the discharge data; if so, proceed to step S5; if not, proceed to step S7;

[0017] S5. When there is a blanking gap that meets the preset congestion condition among all blanking gaps, obtain the discharge data within a preset time period starting from the current moment, and at the end of the preset time period, determine whether there is a blanking gap that meets the preset congestion condition among all blanking gaps;

[0018] S6. If yes, control the linear drive mechanism to drive the discharge plate to move a preset distance increment to expand the blanking gap, and then return to step S4;

[0019] S7. Determine that all blanking gaps are in a normal state, and control the linear drive mechanism to drive the discharge plate to move in a horizontal direction to adjust the blanking gap to the target blanking gap.

[0020] Furthermore, step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0021] Obtaining the material flow change data of grains falling from each drop gap, and judging whether there is a drop gap in a cut-off state among all the drop gaps based on the material flow change data. If so, judging that the drop gap in the cut-off state meets the preset congestion condition;

[0022] Alternatively, the weight change data on each discharge plate is obtained, and based on the weight change data, it is determined whether there is a discharge plate among all the discharge plates whose weight change data increases beyond the preset range. If so, it is determined that the blanking gap corresponding to the discharge plate whose weight change data increases beyond the preset range meets the preset congestion condition.

[0023] Furthermore, after the dryer discharging device completes discharging, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0024] S8, controlling the linear drive mechanism to drive the discharge plate to move in the direction of the expansion of the blanking gap at a preset speed, and when the blanking gap reaches a maximum value, controlling the linear drive mechanism to stop suddenly so that the discharge plate stops instantly; wherein, when the blanking gap reaches the maximum value, the lower side of the grain discharge space is not blocked by the discharge plate;

[0025] S9, obtaining the weight of each discharge plate, and determining whether the grain on the discharge plate is empty according to the weight;

[0026] S10, if yes, controlling the linear drive mechanism to drive the discharge plate to move in a direction of reducing the blanking gap until the center line of the discharge plate coincides with the projection of the center line of the grain discharge space;

[0027] S11. If not, control the linear drive mechanism to drive the discharge plate to move from one side of the grain discharge space to the other side. When the blanking gap reaches the maximum value in the opposite direction, control the linear drive mechanism to stop suddenly so that the discharge plate stops instantly, and return to step S8; wherein, when the blanking gap reaches the maximum value in the opposite direction, the bottom of the grain discharge space is not blocked by the discharge plate.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] When drying grains of different particle sizes, the present invention drives the connecting plate to move linearly via a linear drive mechanism, which in turn drives the discharge plate to move. This allows the gap between the discharge plate and the bottom of the grain guide structure to be expanded or reduced to accommodate the discharge of grains of varying particle sizes. This ultimately reduces grain damage caused by the mismatch between the particle size and the grain discharge mechanism, thereby improving yield. After drying is complete and discharge is finished, the linear drive mechanism is controlled to cause the discharge plate to reciprocate horizontally, allowing the grain remaining on the discharge plate to be ejected by inertia, thereby completing the cleaning process above the discharge plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic top view of the overall structure of one embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the local structure in;

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view at the middle BB;

[0036] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the local structure in;

[0037] Figure 7It is a flow chart of the control method of the adjustable discharge device of the dryer in the present invention.

[0038] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0039] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0040] 1. Blanking frame; 2. Grain guide structure; 21. First grain guide plate; 22. Second grain guide plate; 23. Baffle; 3. Linear drive mechanism; 31. Motor; 32. Rotating shaft; 4. Discharge plate; 5. Connecting plate; 6. Drive plate; 7. Guide wheel; 8. Reinforcement plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0042] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as described in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0044] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the fact that they can be implemented by ordinary technicians in this field. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0045] See also Figures 1 to 6The present embodiment provides an adjustable discharge device for a dryer, comprising a plurality of grain guiding structures 2, a plurality of discharge plates 4, a connecting plate 5 and a linear drive mechanism 3. A grain discharge space is provided between adjacent grain guiding structures 2, the length and width of the discharge plate 4 are consistent with the length and width of the grain discharge space, the discharge plate 4 is arranged at the bottom of the grain discharge space, and a drop gap is provided between the discharge plate 4 and the bottom of the grain guiding structure 2 for discharging grains; the connecting plate 5 connects the plurality of discharge plates 4 in series, the ends of the discharge plate 4 are fixedly connected to the connecting plate 5, and the connecting plate 5 is connected to the linear drive mechanism 3.

[0046] The ends of the discharge plate 4 of this embodiment are fixedly connected to the connecting plate 5, thereby significantly reducing the vertical height of this embodiment, effectively reducing the height and volume of this embodiment. When changing grains of different particle sizes for drying, this embodiment drives the connecting plate 5 to move linearly through the linear drive mechanism 3, and the connecting plate 5 drives the discharge plate 4 to move, thereby expanding or reducing the size of the blanking gap between the discharge plate 4 and the bottom of the grain guide structure 2 to accommodate the discharge of grains of different particle sizes, ultimately reducing grain damage caused by the mismatch between the particle size and the grain discharge mechanism, and improving the yield rate.

[0047] In one embodiment, the linear drive mechanism 3 includes a drive plate 6, a rotating shaft 32, and a motor 31. The drive plate 6 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 5. The drive plate 6 is provided with a threaded hole. The rotating shaft 32 is connected to the output end of the motor 31. The rotating shaft 32 is provided with threads and engages with the threaded hole. After drying is completed and discharge is completed, the motor 31 is controlled to rotate forward and reverse to cause the discharge plate 4 to reciprocate horizontally. The grain remaining on the discharge plate 4 is thrown out by inertia, thereby completing the cleaning of the area above the discharge plate 4.

[0048] This embodiment further preferably includes a reinforcing plate 8 , having a reinforcing hole defined in its center. The reinforcing plate 8 is fixedly connected to the drive plate 6 . The reinforcing plate 8 is thicker than the drive plate 6 , and the reinforcing hole is aligned with the threaded hole. The reinforcing hole is threaded and engages with the rotating shaft 32 . The reinforcing plate 8 increases the mating area with the rotating shaft 32 , improving drive stability and facilitating greater torque output from the motor 31 . In this embodiment, the edges of the reinforcing plate 8 are also ribbed to further enhance drive stability.

[0049] In one embodiment, the driving plate 6 is the discharge plate 4 close to the motor 31, and the reinforcing plate 8 is fixedly connected to the driving plate 6. This can reduce the internal structure of this embodiment and further reduce the volume of this embodiment.

[0050] In one embodiment, the dryer further includes a blanking frame 1, wherein the plurality of grain guide structures 2 are fixed at equal intervals within the blanking frame 1, the linear drive mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the blanking frame 1, and the connecting plate 5 is slidably connected to the blanking frame 1. The top of the blanking frame 1 has a guide slope, which, together with the grain guide structures 2, guides the falling grain, thereby preventing the grain from deviating from the predetermined path during the blanking process and becoming stuck in the components of this embodiment, thereby affecting the operation of the dryer.

[0051] In this embodiment, it is further preferred that the grain guide structure 2 includes a first grain guide plate 21, a second grain guide plate 22, and two baffles 23. The upper side of the first grain guide plate 21 and the upper side of the second grain guide plate 22 are joined to form a tip, and the lower side of the first grain guide plate 21 and the lower side of the second grain guide plate 22 are separated from each other. The two baffles 23 are respectively fixed to the lower side of the first grain guide plate 21 and the lower side of the second grain guide plate 22. The drop gap is set between the baffles 23 and the discharge plate 4. The grain discharge space is set between the first grain guide plate 21 and the second grain guide plate 22. By adjusting the horizontal position of the discharge plate 4 so that the drop gap is equivalent to the particle size of the grain, the grain falls from the grain discharge space and is discharged from the drop gap between the baffles 23 and the discharge plate 4. The tip formed by the joint of the first grain guide plate 21 and the second grain guide plate 22 faces the grain drop direction, thereby forming a grain separation tip, so that the grain is divided into multiple uniform strands that enter the grain discharge space.

[0052] In one embodiment, it further includes a plurality of guide wheels 7, which are arranged side by side and arranged in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the grain guiding structure 2. The guide wheels 7 are rotatably connected to the side walls inside the blanking frame 1, and the connecting plates 5 are overlapped on the guide wheels 7. The connecting plates 5 are inverted L-shaped connecting plates, which include a short plate and a long plate. The width of the short plate is greater than the thickness of the guide wheel 7. The short plate is overlapped on the guide wheel 7, and the long plate is fixedly connected to the ends of the plurality of discharge plates 4. The inverted L-shaped connecting plate is buckled on the guide wheel 7, and the guide wheel 7 provides support for the connecting plate 5, thereby improving the smoothness and stability of the movement of the inverted L-shaped connecting plate.

[0053] In this embodiment, the guide wheels 7 and the inverted L-shaped connecting plates comprise two sets, which are symmetrically arranged on both side walls of the blanking frame 1. The symmetrically arranged guide wheels 7 jointly support the connecting plate 5, further improving stability and the supporting capacity of the discharge plate 4, thereby preventing excessive accumulation of grain on the discharge plate 4 and causing deformation and damage to the discharge plate 4.

[0054] Preferably, the discharge plate 4 is a rectangular semi-frame structure, and the opening direction of the discharge plate 4 is vertically downward, thereby further improving the supporting capacity of the discharge plate 4.

[0055] In actual use, after the grains are dried, the grain particle sizes are different, the grains roll during the discharge process, or some grains stick together due to uneven drying effects. Grains with larger particle sizes, grains whose long axis is perpendicular to the discharge gap after rolling, or grains in blocks will cause the discharge gap to be blocked, resulting in poor discharge.

[0056] This embodiment further provides a control method for an adjustable discharge device of a dryer, which is applied to the adjustable discharge device of the dryer as described above, and includes the following steps:

[0057] S1. Obtain current particle size information of the grain to be dried, input the current particle size information into a pre-established gap particle size mapping model, and obtain a target blanking gap corresponding to the current particle size information; wherein the gap particle size mapping model includes a mapping relationship between the blanking gap and the particle size.

[0058] In this embodiment, the particle sizes of different types of grains to be dried vary. To prevent frequent blockage of the blanking gap due to factors such as grain tumbling or clumping, a mapping relationship between the blanking gap y and the particle size x is established. This mapping relationship is then modified based on the results of multiple experiments, ultimately establishing a gap-particle-size mapping model. For example, assuming the mapping relationship between the blanking gap y and the particle size x is y = ax + b, a and b can be obtained through multiple experiments, thereby establishing a gap-particle-size mapping model.

[0059] S2. Obtain the current blanking gap through the distance sensor, and determine whether the difference between the current blanking gap and the target blanking gap is within a preset range. If so, enter S3; if not, control the linear drive mechanism 3 to drive the discharge plate 4 to move in the horizontal direction to adjust the current blanking gap to the target blanking gap.

[0060] S3, start the adjustable discharging device of the dryer to discharge the material.

[0061] S4. Obtain the corresponding discharge data of each blanking gap, and determine whether there is a blanking gap that meets the preset congestion condition among all the blanking gaps based on the discharge data; if so, proceed to step S5; if not, proceed to step S7.

[0062] In one embodiment, the material flow change data of the grains falling from each drop gap can be obtained by a flow sensor, a visual camera or a laser sensor, and it can be determined based on the material flow change data whether there is a drop gap in a cut-off state among all the drop gaps. If so, it is determined that the drop gap in the cut-off state meets the preset congestion condition.

[0063] In one embodiment, the weight change data on each discharge plate 4 can also be obtained through a weight sensor, and it can be determined based on the weight change data whether there is a discharge plate 4 among all the discharge plates 4 whose weight change data increases beyond the preset range. If so, it is determined that the blanking gap corresponding to the discharge plate 4 whose weight change data increases beyond the preset range meets the preset congestion condition.

[0064] S5. When there is a blanking gap that meets the preset congestion condition among all the blanking gaps, obtain the discharge data within the preset time period starting from the current moment, and at the end of the preset time period, determine whether there is a blanking gap that meets the preset congestion condition among all the blanking gaps; after the blanking gap is blocked, as the grain falls, the weight will continue to accumulate over time, and under the influence of weight and impact, the blanking gap may be cleared again, so the preset time period is generally set in advance to determine whether the blanking gap will be automatically cleared.

[0065] S6. If so, control the linear drive mechanism 3 to drive the discharge plate 4 to move the preset distance increment to expand the blanking gap, and then return to step S4; that is, the degree of expansion of the blanking gap by moving the preset distance increment once is not enough to clear the blockage, then return to step S4 to continue to expand the blanking gap until the blockage is cleared.

[0066] S7. Determine that all blanking gaps are in a normal state, and control the linear drive mechanism 3 to drive the discharge plate 4 to move in the horizontal direction to adjust the blanking gap to the target blanking gap.

[0067] In this embodiment, when the blanking gap is blocked due to grains with larger particle sizes, the long axis of the grains after tumbling is perpendicular to the blanking gap, or the grains in blocks, the linear drive mechanism 3 is automatically controlled to drive the discharge plate 4 to move, thereby expanding the blanking gap, allowing the grains to be smoothly blanked to clear the blockage, and ultimately ensuring the smoothness of the entire blanking process, avoiding shutdowns caused by blanking blockages, and improving efficiency.

[0068] In one embodiment, as further preferred, after the dryer discharging device completes discharging, the method further includes the following steps:

[0069] S8. Control the linear drive mechanism 3 to drive the discharge plate 4 to move in the direction of the expansion of the blanking gap at a preset speed. When the blanking gap reaches a maximum value, control the linear drive mechanism 3 to stop suddenly so that the discharge plate 4 stops instantly. When the blanking gap reaches a maximum value, the lower part of the grain discharge space is not blocked by the discharge plate 4. At the preset speed, the baffle 23 first squeezes most of the grain on the discharge plate 4, and the remaining grain is thrown off by the inertia of the linear drive mechanism 3 when it stops suddenly.

[0070] S9. Obtain the weight of each discharge plate 4, and determine whether the grains on the discharge plate 4 are empty based on the weight.

[0071] S10. If yes, control the linear drive mechanism 3 to drive the discharge plate 4 to move in the direction of reducing the blanking gap until the center line of the discharge plate 4 coincides with the projection of the center line of the grain discharge space.

[0072] S11. If not, control the linear drive mechanism 3 to drive the discharge plate 4 to move from one side of the grain discharge space to the other side. When the blanking gap reaches the maximum value in the opposite direction, control the linear drive mechanism 3 to stop suddenly so that the discharge plate 4 stops instantly, and return to step S8; wherein, when the blanking gap reaches the maximum value in the opposite direction, the bottom of the grain discharge space is not blocked by the discharge plate 4.

[0073] In this embodiment, the linear drive mechanism 3 is controlled to drive the discharge plate 4 to move back and forth, so that the grains on the discharge plate 4 are thrown off the discharge plate 4 under the action of inertia, thereby completing the automatic emptying of the discharge plate 4, and avoiding the mixing of grains on the discharge plate 4 when switching different types of grains for drying, resulting in quality deviation.

[0074] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable discharge device for a dryer, characterized in that: It includes multiple grain guiding structures, multiple discharge plates, connecting plates and a linear drive mechanism. A grain discharge space is provided between adjacent grain guiding structures. The length and width of the discharge plate are consistent with the length and width of the grain discharge space. The discharge plate is arranged at the bottom of the grain discharge space. A drop gap is provided between the discharge plate and the bottom of the grain guiding structure for discharging grains. The connecting plate connects the multiple discharge plates in series, and the connecting plate is connected to the linear drive mechanism.

2. The adjustable discharge device of the dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear drive mechanism includes a drive plate, a rotating shaft and a motor. The drive plate is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. A threaded hole is provided on the drive plate. The rotating shaft is connected to the output end of the motor. The rotating shaft is provided with threads and cooperates with the threaded hole.

3. The adjustable discharge device of the dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a reinforcing plate, a reinforcing hole is provided in the middle of the reinforcing plate, the reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to the driving plate, the thickness of the reinforcing plate is greater than the thickness of the driving plate, the reinforcing hole is aligned with the threaded hole, and a thread is provided in the reinforcing hole to cooperate with the rotating shaft.

4. The adjustable discharge device of the dryer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving plate is the discharge plate close to the motor, and the reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to the driving plate.

5. The adjustable discharge device of the dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a blanking frame, the multiple food guiding structures are fixed in the blanking frame at equal intervals, the linear drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the blanking frame, and the connecting plate is slidably connected to the blanking frame.

6. The adjustable discharge device of the dryer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The grain guide structure includes a first grain guide plate, a second grain guide plate and two baffles. The upper side of the first grain guide plate and the upper side of the second grain guide plate are joined to form a tip, and the lower side of the first grain guide plate and the lower side of the second grain guide plate are far away from each other. The two baffles are respectively fixed to the lower side of the first grain guide plate and the lower side of the second grain guide plate, and the blanking gap is set between the baffle and the discharge plate.

7. The adjustable discharge device of the dryer according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of guide wheels, which are arranged side by side and in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the food guiding structure. The guide wheels are rotatably connected to the side walls inside the blanking frame, and the connecting plates are overlapped on the guide wheels.

8. A control method for an adjustable discharge device of a dryer, applied to the adjustable discharge device of a dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Obtaining current particle size information of the grain to be dried, and inputting the current particle size information into a pre-established gap particle size mapping model to obtain a target blanking gap corresponding to the current particle size information; wherein the gap particle size mapping model includes a mapping relationship between the blanking gap and the particle size; S2, obtaining the current blanking gap, determining whether the difference between the current blanking gap and the target blanking gap is within a preset range, if so, proceeding to S3; if not, controlling the linear drive mechanism to drive the discharge plate to move in the horizontal direction to adjust the current blanking gap to the target blanking gap; S3, starting the adjustable discharge device of the dryer to discharge the material; S4, obtaining the corresponding discharge data of each blanking gap, and judging whether there is a blanking gap that meets the preset congestion condition among all the blanking gaps according to the discharge data; if so, proceed to step S5; if not, proceed to step S7; S5. When there is a blanking gap that meets the preset congestion condition among all blanking gaps, obtain the discharge data within a preset time period starting from the current moment, and at the end of the preset time period, determine whether there is a blanking gap that meets the preset congestion condition among all blanking gaps; S6. If yes, control the linear drive mechanism to drive the discharge plate to move a preset distance increment to expand the blanking gap, and then return to step S4; S7. Determine that all blanking gaps are in a normal state, and control the linear drive mechanism to drive the discharge plate to move in a horizontal direction to adjust the blanking gap to the target blanking gap.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S4 specifically includes the following steps: Obtaining the material flow change data of grains falling from each drop gap, and judging whether there is a drop gap in a cut-off state among all the drop gaps based on the material flow change data. If so, judging that the drop gap in the cut-off state meets the preset congestion condition; Alternatively, the weight change data on each discharge plate is obtained, and based on the weight change data, it is determined whether there is a discharge plate among all the discharge plates whose weight change data increases beyond the preset range. If so, it is determined that the blanking gap corresponding to the discharge plate whose weight change data increases beyond the preset range meets the preset congestion condition.

10. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After the dryer discharging device completes discharging, the method further comprises the following steps: S8, controlling the linear drive mechanism to drive the discharge plate to move in the direction of the expansion of the blanking gap at a preset speed, and when the blanking gap reaches a maximum value, controlling the linear drive mechanism to stop suddenly so that the discharge plate stops instantly; wherein, when the blanking gap reaches the maximum value, the lower side of the grain discharge space is not blocked by the discharge plate; S9, obtaining the weight of each discharge plate, and determining whether the grain on the discharge plate is empty according to the weight; S10, if yes, controlling the linear drive mechanism to drive the discharge plate to move in a direction of reducing the blanking gap until the center line of the discharge plate coincides with the projection of the center line of the grain discharge space; S11. If not, control the linear drive mechanism to drive the discharge plate to move from one side of the grain discharge space to the other side. When the blanking gap reaches the maximum value in the opposite direction, control the linear drive mechanism to stop suddenly so that the discharge plate stops instantly, and return to step S8; wherein, when the blanking gap reaches the maximum value in the opposite direction, the bottom of the grain discharge space is not blocked by the discharge plate.

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