Deformation monitoring method for elevator foundation basement jacking device

Abstract

According to the deformation monitoring method for the elevator foundation basement jacking device, through the distance transmitter and the distance receiver, it is ensured that supporting force provided by all the supporting pieces to a basement floor is consistent; the method comprises the following steps: selecting an easy-to-break point of a stand column as a monitoring point, arranging a strain sensor and a displacement sensor at the monitoring point, and according to historical load data of an elevator and a strain characteristic value and a displacement characteristic value of the monitoring point of each stand column on a corresponding time sequence, judging whether the stand column has the condition of excessive stress concentration or not through the strain characteristic value; by means of the method, the load state of the stand column can be accurately monitored, abnormal deformation can be found in time, potential risks can be predicted, the elevator operation safety is improved, judgment is conducted preferentially through the strain characteristic value, and the safety of elevator operation is improved. The situation of false alarm caused by non-deformation of the stand column due to special conditions such as construction vibration of a construction site and foundation sinking can be avoided, and the calculation amount is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a deformation monitoring method for a basement return device of an elevator foundation. Background Art

[0002] In the field of construction, construction elevators (construction hoists) are important vertical transportation equipment for construction personnel and materials. Construction elevators installed on the basement ceiling cannot meet the safety load-bearing requirements of the basement floor due to their own weight and the large load generated during operation. In the existing technology, a return-to-top device is required to support the basement floor. For example, Chinese patent document CN211998361U discloses a foundation return-to-top support device for a construction elevator.

[0003] In the aforementioned top-return support device, the columns serve as core load-bearing components, subject to the complex load variations during elevator operation. Monitoring column deformation is crucial for ensuring structural safety. Currently, column deformation monitoring relies primarily on traditional single-sensor monitoring or periodic manual inspections. These methods often struggle to capture the dynamic response of the columns under varying elevator loads in real time, and the data lacks accuracy, making it easy to miss potential structural risks. This is particularly important for projects with long construction schedules, where monitoring column deformation is crucial to ensure project safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a deformation monitoring method for an elevator foundation basement return device to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology section.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A deformation monitoring method for an elevator foundation basement top-return device, the deformation monitoring method comprising: S1. Accurately obtain the detection distance between each support and the base frame through the distance transmitter installed on the base frame and the distance receiver installed on the support member, ensuring that the detection distance between all supports and the base frame is consistent, that is, the supporting force provided to the basement floor is consistent; S2. Select the easily breakable points of all the columns of the chassis as monitoring points, and set strain sensors and displacement sensors at the monitoring points; S3. Establish a load-strain dynamic threshold model and a load-displacement dynamic threshold model based on the elevator's historical load data and the strain characteristic values ​​and displacement characteristic values ​​of the monitoring points of each column in the corresponding time series; S4. Obtain the current load of the elevator. If the current load exceeds the set threshold, activate the strain sensor, obtain the strain characteristic value, and determine whether the strain characteristic value of each monitoring point exceeds the load-strain dynamic threshold model. If so, proceed to step S5; S5. Start the displacement sensor, obtain the displacement characteristic value, and determine whether the displacement characteristic value of each monitoring point exceeds the load-displacement dynamic threshold model. If so, it is determined that there is a risk of fracture of the column where the monitoring point is located.

[0006] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention ensures that the supporting force provided by all supporting parts to the basement floor is consistent through the distance transmitter and the distance receiver; the easy-to-break point of the column is selected as the monitoring point, and a strain sensor and a displacement sensor are set at the monitoring point. According to the historical load data of the elevator and the strain characteristic value and displacement characteristic value of the monitoring point of each column in the corresponding time sequence, the strain characteristic value is first used to judge whether there is a situation of excessive stress concentration in the column. If so, the displacement characteristic value is used to judge whether there is a risk of fracture of the column. The present invention can accurately monitor the load state of the column, timely discover abnormal deformation, predict potential risks, improve the safety of elevator operation, provide sufficient supporting force for the basement floor, and give priority to judging through the strain characteristic value, which can avoid the occurrence of false alarms due to the non-deformation of the column due to special circumstances such as construction site vibration and foundation subsidence, thereby reducing the amount of calculation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a deformation monitoring method for an elevator foundation basement top-return device. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of an elevator foundation basement top-return device according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged view of an elevator foundation basement top-return device according to the present invention. Figure 4 for Figure 3 Exploded diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0008] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is intended to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0009] Reference Figure 1 As shown, A deformation monitoring method for an elevator foundation basement top-return device, the deformation monitoring method comprising: S1. Accurately obtain the detection distance between each support and the base frame through the distance transmitter installed on the base frame and the distance receiver installed on the support member, ensuring that the detection distance between all supports and the base frame is consistent, that is, the supporting force provided to the basement floor is consistent; S2. Select the easily breakable points of all the columns of the chassis as monitoring points, and set strain sensors and displacement sensors at the monitoring points; S3. Establish a load-strain dynamic threshold model and a load-displacement dynamic threshold model based on the elevator's historical load data and the strain characteristic values ​​and displacement characteristic values ​​of the monitoring points of each column in the corresponding time series; S4. Obtain the current load of the elevator. If the current load exceeds the set threshold, activate the strain sensor, obtain the strain characteristic value, and determine whether the strain characteristic value of each monitoring point exceeds the load-strain dynamic threshold model. If so, proceed to step S5; S5. Start the displacement sensor, obtain the displacement characteristic value, and determine whether the displacement characteristic value of each monitoring point exceeds the load-displacement dynamic threshold model. If so, it is determined that there is a risk of fracture of the column where the monitoring point is located.

[0010] First, the present invention ensures that the supporting force provided by all supporting members to the basement floor is consistent through the distance transmitter and the distance receiver.

[0011] Secondly, the present invention selects the easily breakable points of the columns as monitoring points and sets strain sensors and displacement sensors at the monitoring points. Based on the historical load data of the elevator and the strain characteristic values ​​and displacement characteristic values ​​of the monitoring points of each column in the corresponding time series, the strain characteristic values ​​are first used to determine whether there is excessive stress concentration in the column. If so, the displacement characteristic values ​​are used to determine whether there is a risk of fracture in the column. This can avoid false alarms caused by special circumstances such as construction site vibration and foundation subsidence due to the lack of column deformation.

[0012] Third, the present invention can accurately monitor the load status of the column, detect abnormal deformation in time, predict potential risks, improve the safety of elevator operation, and provide sufficient support for the basement floor.

[0013] Fourthly, the present invention starts the strain sensor to monitor the deformation of the column only when the elevator is working and the elevator load exceeds a set threshold, for example, when the elevator load exceeds 1 ton, thereby reducing the calculation amount of the data processing system.

[0014] In step S2, the compression state of the chassis is simulated by using a finite element analysis method to determine the uneven force distribution area of ​​the column and obtain the location of the easy-to-break point.

[0015] Specifically, when simulating the column's compressive state using finite element analysis, a geometric model of the column is first created using 3D modeling software such as ANSYS, followed by meshing. The mesh size is controlled at 0.02 meters to ensure a balance between computational accuracy and efficiency. Boundary conditions are then applied: a fixed constraint at the bottom and a uniform pressure of 170 kN at the top. Using the static structural analysis module in ANSYS, a stress distribution cloud map of the column is calculated. Finite element analysis is then used to simulate the column's compressive state, and the location of the vulnerable fracture points is determined to ensure the rationality and ease of operation of the strain and displacement sensors.

[0016] The deformation monitoring method further includes: S6. At the specified time and when the elevator is stopped, start the strain sensor to calculate the strain characteristic value and its mean value of the monitoring points on the same horizontal plane of all columns. When the ratio of the strain characteristic value to the mean value exceeds the set threshold, proceed to step S7. S7, start the distance transmitter and the distance receiver to level all the supports. If the ratio of the strain characteristic value to the mean value still exceeds the set threshold after leveling, proceed to step S8; S8, start the displacement characteristic value, determine the difference between the current displacement characteristic value and the original displacement characteristic value, if the difference exceeds the set threshold, the chassis is reinforced, repaired or replaced During designated hours, monitoring of columns can be performed during nighttime hours when construction is not in progress. Specifically, construction activities involve the operation of large machinery, such as excavators, concrete mixers, and transport vehicles. The vibrations generated by these machines can be transmitted to the columns. Elevators also generate vibrations during operation, especially during peak hours, when frequent starts and stops can subject the columns to cyclical vibration loads. Therefore, monitoring columns during these time periods significantly improves measurement accuracy, providing a more reliable data foundation for subsequent structural safety assessments.

[0017] A specific example is as follows: Taking the monitoring of four columns (marked as A, B, C, and D) at a construction site as an example, the strain sensors of each column are marked from low to high as A1, A2, An, B1, B2, Bn, etc.

[0018] At the specified time and when the elevator is stopped, the strain sensors are activated to calculate the strain characteristic values ​​and their mean values ​​at all monitoring points on the same horizontal plane (e.g., A1, B1, C1, and D1). Assuming the measured strain characteristic value at A1 is 75 MPa, B1 is 45 MPa, C1 is 50 MPa, and D1 is 55 MPa, the calculated strain mean ε is (75 + 45 + 50 + 55) / 4 = 56.25 MPa. At this point, the ratio of the strain characteristic value to the mean value at A1 is 75 / 56.25 = 1.33, exceeding the set threshold of 10%, and the process proceeds to step S7.

[0019] In step S7, the range transmitter and receiver are activated to level all supports to ensure that they provide consistent support to the basement floor. After leveling, the strain characteristic values ​​at each monitoring point are measured again. If the ratio of the strain characteristic value at point A1 to the mean value still exceeds the set threshold, the process proceeds to step S8.

[0020] In step S8, the displacement characteristic value monitoring is started to determine the difference between the current displacement characteristic value and the original displacement characteristic value. Assuming that the original displacement characteristic value is 10mm and the current displacement characteristic value is 15mm, the difference is 5mm. If 5mm exceeds the set threshold of 3mm, it indicates that the column has permanent deformation and the chassis needs to be reinforced, repaired, or replaced. Through the above steps, by calculating and comparing the strain eigenvalues ​​and their mean values ​​at each column monitoring point on the same horizontal plane, uneven stress on the columns at a specific horizontal plane can be promptly detected. When the ratio of the strain eigenvalue to the mean exceeds a set threshold, the column and corresponding location with potential stress issues can be quickly located, providing clear direction and basis for subsequent treatment. Upon detecting strain anomalies, promptly initiating leveling operations on the supports can effectively adjust the support force of each support on the basement floor, making the force applied to the columns more uniform, thereby improving the stability and safety of the entire building structure. This helps prevent serious accidents such as column deformation, damage, or even collapse caused by localized excessive stress, thereby ensuring the safety of life and property during construction and use. By initiating displacement eigenvalue monitoring and comparing it with the original displacement eigenvalue, it is possible to further accurately determine whether the column has undergone permanent deformation and the severity of the deformation. If the displacement difference exceeds the set threshold, it indicates that the column is severely damaged. At this time, measures such as reinforcing, repairing, or replacing the base frame can specifically address the column problem, ensure the reliability and durability of the building structure, and extend the building's service life. This monitoring and treatment process can promptly detect and resolve abnormal stress and deformation problems in the columns at the early stages of the problem, preventing further deterioration of the problem. Compared to repairing columns after they have been severely damaged or even caused larger-scale structural problems, this method can significantly reduce the cost and time investment of building maintenance, while also reducing the impact of repair work on the normal use of the building, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the building.

[0021] The step S4 specifically includes: S41. By continuously calculating the change rate of the strain characteristic value, dynamic information of the change trend is obtained, and the evolution direction of potential risks is determined by using time series analysis methods; S42. Based on the dynamic information of the changing trend, if the evolution direction indicates that the risk is increasing, an in-depth comparison is conducted with historical data to obtain a quantitative value of the risk level; S43. Match the quantitative value with the preset level standard and use logical judgment method to determine the final risk level assessment result.

[0022] For example, strain characteristic value data for each column is collected every 10 seconds. For column A, its strain characteristic values ​​(unit: microstrain) for the last 100 seconds are: 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28. The rate of change is calculated by calculating the ratio of the difference between the strain values ​​at two adjacent time points to the previous strain value. For example, the rate of change from the 10th to the 20th second is (12 - 10) / 10 = 0.2; the rate of change from the 20th to the 30th second is (14 - 12) / 12 ≈ 0.1667, and so on. This rate of change data is organized and analyzed, and a graph of the rate of change over time is plotted. This visually displays dynamic information, such as whether the strain characteristic value is gradually increasing, fluctuating, or stabilizing. Because the system predicts a continued increase in the strain characteristic value, indicating a potential increase in risk, the current trend data is compared with historical data for the column under similar operating conditions over the past week. Over the past week, under the same elevator load, such as 1 ton, the column's maximum strain characteristic value was only around 25 microstrains, indicating an abnormality. Based on the rate of change and final value of the strain characteristic value, the potential risk evolution direction can be determined, the risk of column fracture can be pre-diagnosed, and actions such as elevator alarm and elevator shutdown can be taken based on the risk level.

[0023] The step S3 specifically includes: S31. Extracting characteristics of elevator load changes from historical data and removing outliers using data cleaning techniques to obtain a processed elevator load change dataset. S32. Constructing a correlation mapping relationship between strain and load based on the processed elevator load change data set to obtain the load-strain dynamic threshold model; S33. Based on the processed elevator load change data set, a correlation mapping relationship between deformation and load is constructed to obtain the load-deformation dynamic threshold model.

[0024] S34. Obtain the elevator's operating times and load data, and adjust the thresholds of the established load-strain dynamic threshold model and load-displacement dynamic threshold model based on Miner's linear cumulative damage theory.

[0025] Specifically, step S31 includes: Outlier removal: For example, the historical load data for a construction elevator at a construction site contains 100,000 consecutive data points recorded over 30 days. During data processing, a sensor failure was detected on a particular day, resulting in three data points with a load value of 0 tons (normal range: 1.5-3 tons). These data points were deleted. Furthermore, due to a typhoon, the load fluctuated by more than ±40% during a certain period. Twenty data points from that period were marked as environmental interference and excluded. Feature extraction: Daily peak loads (e.g., 2.8 tons during the morning shift loading) and valley loads (e.g., 1.6 tons during the nighttime unloaded period) were retained. The average daily load (2.2 tons) and fluctuation frequency (approximately 120 load changes per day) were calculated. Results: After cleaning, a valid data set of 98,000 records was obtained, forming a load time series table (timestamp, load value, and whether it was a peak period).

[0026] Step S32 includes: Data mapping: taking the cleaned data set, matching the strain values ​​of the column monitoring points of the corresponding time series (for example, when the elevator load is 2.5 tons, the strain of column A1 point is 180με). Model fitting: using quadratic polynomial regression: , where F is the elevator load. Verification: When the load is 2 tons, calculate the strain =0.001×4 + 0.05×2 + 10 = 110.4με, which is less than 1.5% of the actual sensor mean value of 112με, meeting the value selection requirements. Dynamic threshold setting: Safety threshold = model calculated value × 1.2 (with a 20% tolerance). For example, for a 2-ton load, the corresponding strain threshold is 132.5με.

[0027] Step S33 includes: similarly to step S32, constructing a load-displacement dynamic threshold model.

[0028] Step S34 includes: assuming that there is Load levels, F1, F2, ..., The actual number of cycles for each load is , the fatigue life of the material under this load is Cumulative damage for ,set up With load The relationship is , where 、 is the material constant (determined by fatigue testing).

[0029] Threshold dynamic adjustment function: initial threshold (such as strain threshold or displacement threshold ) With the cumulative damage The decay function is: ,in is the damage sensitivity coefficient.

[0030] The present invention can quantify the damage contribution of each operation to the structure through the load-fatigue life relationship. By lowering the threshold, the monitoring alarm is triggered in advance to avoid sudden fracture of columns due to fatigue crack expansion in long-term engineering projects, thereby ensuring effective support for basement floors and elevators.

[0031] As another example, refer to Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides an elevator foundation basement top-return device, an elevator foundation basement top-return device, comprising a base frame 1, the base frame 1 being supported on the ground, the base frame 1 being provided with a plurality of mounting grooves 111, and further comprising a double-headed screw 2 corresponding in number to the mounting grooves 111, the double-headed screw 2 comprising a lower screw portion 21, a connecting portion 22 and an upper screw portion 23 arranged in sequence, the lower end of the lower screw portion 21 being inserted into the mounting groove 111, the outer periphery of the lower screw portion 21 being sleeved with a lower nut 3, and the lower nut 3 being arranged between the base frame 1 and the connecting portion 22; further comprising a support member 4, the support member 4 being used to top up the basement floor, the upper screw portion 23 being embedded in the support member 4, the outer periphery of the upper screw portion 23 being sleeved with an upper nut 5, and the upper nut 5 being arranged between the support member 4 and the connecting portion 22.

[0032] During use, the connecting part 22 is rotated by a tool (such as a steel pipe or steel bar), and the lower nut 3 and the upper nut 5 are fixed with a wrench or other tools. Since the lower screw part 21 is threadedly connected to the lower nut 3 and the upper screw part 23 is threadedly connected to the upper nut 5, during the rotation of the connecting part 22, the connecting part 22 spirally rises relative to the lower nut 3, and the lower nut 3 supports the base frame 1. At the same time, the upper nut 5 rises relative to the connecting part 22, and the upper nut 5 supports the support member 4, eventually lifting the support member 4 and returning the basement floor slab to the top. The support member 4 can be infinitely adjusted through the threaded matching structure to adapt to the changes in the height between the basement floor slab and the ground of different buildings, thereby ensuring the stability of the construction elevator foundation and the safety of the construction process.

[0033] The base frame 1 includes a plurality of spaced columns 11, spaced cross bars 12 connecting two adjacent columns 11, and diagonal bars 13 obliquely connecting two adjacent cross bars 12 arranged vertically. The columns 11, cross bars 12, and diagonal bars 13 can be made of existing square steel, H-shaped steel, or I-shaped steel, etc., and are not limited here for ease of procurement.

[0034] As another embodiment, the column 11 of the base frame 1 may adopt an adjustable electrically driven telescopic structure. The electrically driven telescopic structure belongs to the prior art and will not be described in detail here. The support member 4 is electrically driven to approach the position of the basement floor, and then the connecting part 22 is manually rotated to make the support member 4 infinitely adjustable to support the basement floor.

[0035] Multiple columns 11 are arranged at intervals, thereby providing multiple support points for the base frame 1, evenly distributing the weight of the elevator above the base frame 1, and avoiding deformation or damage to the base frame 1 due to excessive local force, making the base frame 1 more stable during the load-bearing process, thereby more stably supporting the basement floor. The crossbars 12 connect adjacent columns 11 to form an overall frame, preventing the columns 11 from bending or tilting when subjected to lateral or longitudinal forces, thereby enhancing the base frame 1's ability to resist lateral deformation. The diagonal bars 13 connect adjacent crossbars 12 arranged up and down at an angle, further improving the overall stability of the base frame 1. The diagonal bars 13, crossbars 12, and columns 11 form a triangular structure, and the triangle is one of the most stable geometric shapes. This design enables the base frame 1 to effectively decompose and transmit stress when subjected to external forces in all directions, preventing the base frame 1 from becoming unstable as a whole.

[0036] The mounting slots 111 are provided at the upper ends of the columns 11, and there are four columns 11. The four columns 11 can transmit the force of the basement floor slab carried by the support members 4 to the base frame 1, and evenly distribute the load to the ground through the base frame 1. The load borne by each column 11 is relatively small, which prevents deformation or damage of the column 11 caused by excessive local force, makes the base frame 1 more stable during the load-bearing process, and improves the base frame 1's adaptability to uneven loads.

[0037] The connecting portion 22 is provided with a through-hole 221 extending horizontally therethrough. During use, a tool (such as a steel pipe or rebar) can be inserted through the through-hole 221. The connecting portion 22 can then be rotated by rotating the pipe or rebar, achieving a more labor-saving rotation of the stud screw 2, thereby tightening the support member 4 against the basement floor. This design greatly simplifies the assembly of the connecting portion 22 and the tool (such as a steel pipe or rebar). Without the need for complex tools or tedious steps, the connection is completed by simply inserting the steel pipe or rebar horizontally through the through-hole 221, significantly reducing assembly time and labor costs and improving work efficiency.

[0038] The support member 4 includes a flat plate portion 41, which is used to abut the basement floor. This increases the contact area between the flat plate portion 41 and the basement floor, allowing the load on the basement floor to be more evenly transferred to the support member 4. This avoids stress concentration and improves the stability of the entire structure.

[0039] Each of the support members 4 is provided with a distance transmitter 6, and the base frame 1 is provided with a distance receiver 7 corresponding to the distance transmitter 6. The distance receivers 7 are arranged coplanar in the horizontal direction, and the distance transmitter 6 transmits a detection signal for detecting the distance toward the distance receiver 7; and further includes a processor, which is electrically connected to the distance transmitter 6 and the distance receiver 7.

[0040] Specifically, by providing a distance transmitter 6 on the lower end surface of the flat plate portion 41 in conjunction with a distance receiver 7, the processor can accurately receive and analyze the electrical signals between the two, thereby accurately obtaining the detection distance between each support member 4 and the base frame 1. During use, the constructor rotates the double-headed screw 2 according to the detection distance to ensure that the detection distance between all supports 4 and the base frame 1 is consistent, thereby ensuring that the height of all supports 4 is consistent, that is, the supporting force provided to the basement floor is consistent, ensuring that the supporting force is evenly distributed, avoiding excessive or insufficient local force on the basement floor due to uneven support force, and effectively preventing deformation and cracking of the basement floor.

[0041] Specifically, a flat plate end 112 is provided at the upper end of the column 11, and a mounting groove 111 is provided above the flat plate end 112. The distance receiver 7 is arranged on the flat plate end 112. By shortening the distance between the flat plate end 112 and the flat plate portion 41 as much as possible, the distance between the distance transmitter 6 and the distance receiver 7 is shortened, which can make the signal propagation path more direct and single, reduce the signal distortion and delay diffusion caused by the multipath effect, thereby improving the accuracy of the ranging, and can avoid the column 11 being bent by pressure and causing ranging errors.

[0042] The above-mentioned processor, distance transmitter 6 and distance receiver 7 all belong to the existing technology. Among them, for example, the infrared single-point ToF ranging sensor is equipped with a high-sensitivity photodiode distance receiver 7. The two serve as the distance transmitter 6 and the distance receiver 7 respectively, with an accuracy of up to ±1mm, thereby ensuring that the supporting force provided by each support member 4 to the basement floor slab is consistent.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0045] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deformation monitoring method for an elevator foundation basement top-return device, characterized in that: The deformation monitoring method comprises: S1. Accurately obtain the detection distance between each support and the base frame through the distance transmitter installed on the base frame and the distance receiver installed on the support member, ensuring that the detection distance between all supports and the base frame is consistent, that is, the supporting force provided to the basement floor is consistent; S2. Select the easily breakable points of all the columns of the chassis as monitoring points, and set strain sensors and displacement sensors at the monitoring points; S3. Establish a load-strain dynamic threshold model and a load-displacement dynamic threshold model based on the elevator's historical load data and the strain characteristic values ​​and displacement characteristic values ​​of the monitoring points of each column in the corresponding time series; S4. Obtain the current load of the elevator. If the current load exceeds the set threshold, activate the strain sensor, obtain the strain characteristic value, and determine whether the strain characteristic value of each monitoring point exceeds the load-strain dynamic threshold model. If so, proceed to step S5; S5. Start the displacement sensor, obtain the displacement characteristic value, and determine whether the displacement characteristic value of each monitoring point exceeds the load-displacement dynamic threshold model. If so, it is determined that there is a risk of fracture of the column where the monitoring point is located.

2. The deformation monitoring method of the elevator foundation basement top-return device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the compression state of the chassis is simulated by using a finite element analysis method to determine the uneven force distribution area of ​​the column and obtain the location of the easy-to-break point.

3. The deformation monitoring method of the elevator foundation basement top-up device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The deformation monitoring method further includes: S6. At the specified time and when the elevator is stopped, start the strain sensor to calculate the strain characteristic value and its mean value of the monitoring points on the same horizontal plane of all columns. When the ratio of the strain characteristic value to the mean value exceeds the set threshold, proceed to step S7. S7, start the distance transmitter and the distance receiver to level all the supports. If the ratio of the strain characteristic value to the mean value still exceeds the set threshold after leveling, proceed to step S8; S8. Start the displacement characteristic value and determine the difference between the current displacement characteristic value and the original displacement characteristic value. If the difference exceeds a set threshold, the chassis is reinforced, repaired, or replaced.

4. The deformation monitoring method of the elevator foundation basement top-up device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S4 specifically includes: S41. By continuously calculating the change rate of the strain characteristic value, dynamic information of the change trend is obtained, and the evolution direction of potential risks is determined by using time series analysis methods; S42. Based on the dynamic information of the changing trend, if the evolution direction indicates that the risk is increasing, an in-depth comparison is conducted with historical data to obtain a quantitative value of the risk level; S43. Match the quantitative value with the preset level standard and use logical judgment method to determine the final risk level assessment result.

5. The deformation monitoring method of the elevator foundation basement top-return device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S3 specifically includes: S31. Extracting characteristics of elevator load changes from historical data and removing outliers using data cleaning techniques to obtain a processed elevator load change dataset. S32. Constructing a correlation mapping relationship between strain and load based on the processed elevator load change data set to obtain the load-strain dynamic threshold model; S33. Based on the processed elevator load change data set, a correlation mapping relationship between deformation and load is constructed to obtain the load-deformation dynamic threshold model.

6. The deformation monitoring method of the elevator foundation basement top-up device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S3 specifically includes: S34. Obtain the elevator's operating times and load data, and adjust the thresholds of the established load-strain dynamic threshold model and load-displacement dynamic threshold model based on Miner's linear cumulative damage theory.

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