Coil connection device for a stellarator magnet and stellarator magnet

Abstract

The application discloses a coil connecting device for a stellarator magnet and the stellarator magnet. The coil connecting device comprises a shell, a first connecting component and a second connecting component. The outer circumferential surface of each connecting component has a moving space between the inner wall surface of the accommodating space and the connecting hole. The first part of the first connecting component and the second connecting component can rotate relative to the axial direction of the shell, so that the first connecting component and the second connecting component have a certain moving freedom in the radial direction of the shell, can adapt to the irregular change of the adjacent surfaces of adjacent coils in the radial direction, and are favorable for reducing the risk of plastic deformation, fatigue cracks and even fracture of the connecting components.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of stellarator, and particularly to a coil connecting device for a stellarator magnet and the stellarator magnet. BACKGROUND

[0002] A stellarator is a magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device that generates a complex magnetic field through external coils to achieve stable confinement of high-temperature plasma. The core design logic is to confine the plasma in a closed magnetic surface through three-dimensional twisted magnetic field lines to avoid contact with the device wall, which would cause a sudden drop in temperature. The coil design of the stellarator is its technical core, which is divided into two types: planar coils and non-planar coils. The non-planar coils construct a complex three-dimensional magnetic field, and the spatial irregular twist structure of the non-planar coils leads to the non-parallel adjacent surfaces of adjacent coils and the irregular changes of multiple degrees of freedom. Adjacent two coils are connected through a connecting component, but the stellarator generates a meganewton-level dynamic electromagnetic force when it is running, which easily causes stress concentration of the connecting component, leading to plastic deformation, fatigue cracks, and even rupture of the connecting component, thereby affecting the performance of the stellarator.

[0003] Therefore, the coil connecting component of the stellarator in the prior art has the problem of easy plastic deformation, fatigue cracks, and even rupture. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to solve the problem of easy plastic deformation, fatigue cracks, and even rupture of the coil connecting component of the stellarator in the prior art.

[0005] The present application provides a coil connecting device for a stellarator magnet, which is used to connect two adjacent coils in the stellarator magnet. The coil connecting device comprises a shell, the shell has an accommodation space inside, and the shell is provided with a first connecting hole at a first end in the axial direction thereof and a second connecting hole at a second end. The first connecting hole and the second connecting hole are both in communication with the accommodation space and the external space of the shell. A first connecting component and a second connecting component are oppositely arranged in the axial direction of the shell. Each connecting component in the first connecting component and the second connecting component comprises a first part and a second part that are connected to each other, and the first part is located in the accommodation space. In the axial direction of the shell, the first part of the first connecting component is arranged to be close to the first part of the second connecting component, and the second part of the first connecting component is arranged to be away from the second part of the second connecting component. The second part of the first connecting component penetrates through the first connecting hole and is used to be fixedly connected with one of the two adjacent coils, and the second part of the second connecting component penetrates through the second connecting hole and is used to be fixedly connected with the other of the two adjacent coils.

[0006] The outer circumferential surface of the first part of each connecting component has a first movable space with the inner wall surface of the accommodating space in the radial direction of the shell, the outer circumferential surface of the second part of the first connecting component has a second movable space with the inner wall surface of the first connecting hole, the outer circumferential surface of the second part of the second connecting component has a third movable space with the inner wall surface of the second connecting hole, and the first part of the first connecting component and the first part of the second connecting component can rotate relative to each other in the axial direction of the shell and move relative to each other in the radial direction of the shell. In addition, the shell has a first annular area around the first connecting hole and a second annular area around the second connecting hole, the first annular area is used to limit the first part of the first connecting component from sliding out of the accommodating space in the axial direction of the shell, and the second annular area is used to limit the first part of the second connecting component from sliding out of the accommodating space in the axial direction of the shell.

[0007] According to the technical scheme, the connecting device comprises two parts, i.e., the first connecting component and the second connecting component, and the outer circumferential surface of the first part of each connecting component has a first movable space with the inner wall surface of the accommodating space. The outer circumferential surface of the second part of the first connecting component has a second movable space with the inner wall surface of the first connecting hole, and the outer circumferential surface of the second part of the second connecting component has a third movable space with the inner wall surface of the second connecting hole. Therefore, the first connecting component and the second connecting component have a certain movable freedom in the radial direction of the shell, can adapt to irregular changes in the radial direction of adjacent surfaces of adjacent coils, and can move in the radial direction of the shell when the adjacent coils produce relative displacement in the radial direction due to the space special-shaped torsion structure, thereby avoiding excessive stress caused by the limitation of radial displacement of the first connecting component and the second connecting component.

[0008] In addition, the first part of the first connecting component and the first part of the second connecting component can rotate relative to each other in the axial direction of the shell and move relative to each other in the radial direction of the shell. When the star simulator is running, even if a single coil bears a meganew dynamic electromagnetic force, the coil will produce complex motion and deformation. The first connecting component and the second connecting component can rotate relative to each other in the axial direction and move relative to each other in the radial direction, can better follow the dynamic changes of the coil, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that stress is concentrated in a local area of the connecting component caused by rigid connection, and is beneficial to reducing the risk of plastic deformation, fatigue cracks and even rupture of the connecting component.

[0009] In addition, the shell has a first annular region located around the first connecting hole and used to limit the first part of the first connecting component from sliding out of the accommodation space in the axial direction of the shell, and a second annular region located around the second connecting hole and used to limit the first part of the second connecting component from sliding out of the accommodation space in the axial direction of the shell. In the process of following the dynamic changes of the coil, this design can keep the connecting component in a reasonable working position at all times, and prevent it from being separated from the normal connection state due to excessive axial movement, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the connection between the connecting component and the coil, and further ensuring the use performance of the stellar simulator.

[0010] In summary, the coil connecting device provided by the present application can solve the problem of stress concentration and easy damage of the connecting component caused by the space special-shaped twisting structure and dynamic electromagnetic force during the connection of the non-planar coil in the stellar simulator, and can improve the use performance and reliability of the stellar simulator.

[0011] According to the coil connecting device for the magnet of the stellar simulator provided by the present application, the first part of the first connecting component is clamped between the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the shell and the first annular elastic component, and the first part of the second connecting component is clamped between the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the shell and the second annular elastic component.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when the stellar simulator is running, the single coil will bear a dynamic electromagnetic force of the order of meganewtons, and this strong dynamic force will cause the coil to vibrate and impact violently. When the coil vibrates under the action of the dynamic electromagnetic force, the elastic component can be elastically deformed to absorb and consume part of the vibration energy, thereby playing a role of buffering and shock absorption, so as to reduce the impact force peak borne by the connecting component, reduce the risk of damage of the connecting component caused by violent impact, and prolong the service life of the connecting component.

[0013] In addition, since the non-planar coil has a space special-shaped twisting structure, the adjacent surfaces of adjacent coils are not parallel and change irregularly in multiple degrees of freedom, and the coil can produce a slight relative displacement during operation. The annular elastic component can be elastically stretched and contracted with the slight displacement of the coil, and always maintains close contact with the connecting component and the shell, thereby avoiding hard collision and friction caused by displacement, reducing the generation of noise, and automatically adjusting the deformation degree according to different stress conditions, thereby always maintaining effective support and stress dispersion effect on the connecting component and adapting to various complex operating conditions.

[0014] According to the coil connecting device for the magnet of the stellar simulator provided by the present application, the first annular elastic component is arranged as an annular spring or an annular elastic block, and the second annular elastic component is arranged as an annular spring or an annular elastic block.

[0015] According to the coil connecting device for the star simulator magnet provided in the application, the coil connecting device further comprises a first supporting ring and a second supporting ring located in the accommodating space; in the axial direction of the shell, the first supporting ring is pressed between the end of the first part of the first connecting component close to the second part and the inner side surface of the first annular region, one side surface of the first supporting ring is in spherical surface contact with the first part of the first connecting component, and the other side surface of the first supporting ring is in abutment with the inner side surface of the first annular region; and the first annular elastic component is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first supporting ring and is pressed in the radial direction of the shell between the outer periphery of the first supporting ring and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the shell; in the axial direction of the shell, the second supporting ring is pressed between the end of the first part of the second connecting component close to the second part and the inner side surface of the second annular region, one side surface of the second supporting ring is in spherical surface contact with the first part of the second connecting component, and the other side surface of the second supporting ring is in abutment with the inner side surface of the second annular region; and the second annular elastic component is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second supporting ring and is pressed in the radial direction of the shell between the outer periphery of the second supporting ring and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the shell.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, since the non-planar coil in the star simulator has a spatial special-shaped torsion structure, the adjacent surfaces of adjacent coils are not parallel and irregularly change in multiple degrees of freedom, one side surface of the first supporting ring is in spherical surface contact with the first part of the first connecting component, and one side surface of the second supporting ring is in spherical surface contact with the first part of the second connecting component. The design of spherical surface contact enables the first part of the first connecting component and the second connecting component to be slightly rotated and moved in multiple degrees of freedom within a certain range. The supporting ring can provide support and guidance for the movement, while not limiting the normal movement of the connecting component, so that the connecting device can be flexibly adjusted following the dynamic change of the coil and always maintained in a good connection state.

[0017] According to the coil connecting device for the star simulator magnet provided in the application, the first supporting ring is formed with a first recessed spherical surface structure, the first part of the first connecting component is formed with a first protruding spherical surface structure matched with and in abutment with the first recessed spherical surface structure, the second supporting ring is formed with a second recessed spherical surface structure, and the first part of the second connecting component is formed with a second protruding spherical surface structure matched with and in abutment with the second recessed spherical surface structure.

[0018] According to the above technical solution, the first recessed spherical surface structure and / or the first protruding spherical surface structure are coated with a first lubricating layer, and the second recessed spherical surface structure and / or the second protruding spherical surface structure are coated with a second lubricating layer. The lubricating layer can reduce the sliding friction coefficient between the spherical surfaces, so that the connecting component moves more smoothly.

[0019] According to the coil connecting device for a stellarator magnet provided in the application, the first part of the first connecting component is formed with a third convex spherical surface structure at one end away from the second part, the first part of the second connecting component is formed with a fourth convex spherical surface structure at one end away from the second part, and the third convex spherical surface structure and the fourth convex spherical surface structure are oppositely arranged and at least partially abut.

[0020] With the above technical solution, the relative abutment design of the third convex spherical surface structure and the fourth convex spherical surface structure enables the two connecting components to rotate and move in multiple directions, and can freely adapt to various angles and displacements generated when the coil changes in a complex space position, so as to ensure that the connecting device can always tightly and reliably connect the coil and avoid loosening or jamming of the connection due to movement of the coil.

[0021] According to the coil connecting device for a stellarator magnet provided in the application, the third convex spherical surface structure is coated with a first buffer layer, and one side of the first buffer layer away from the third convex spherical surface structure is coated with a third lubricating layer; and the fourth convex spherical surface structure is coated with a second buffer layer, and one side of the second buffer layer away from the fourth convex spherical surface structure is coated with a fourth lubricating layer.

[0022] With the above technical solution, the first buffer layer is coated on the third convex spherical surface structure, and the second buffer layer is coated on the fourth convex spherical surface structure, so that elastic deformation occurs when the connecting components move relative to each other, and the two spherical surfaces are always in close contact, thereby avoiding loosening or jamming of the connection due to limited movement. The first buffer layer is coated with a third lubricating layer on one side away from the third convex spherical surface structure, and the second buffer layer is coated with a fourth lubricating layer on one side away from the fourth convex spherical surface structure, so as to reduce the sliding friction coefficient between the spherical surfaces and make the connecting components move more smoothly.

[0023] According to the coil connecting device for a stellarator magnet provided in the application, the shell comprises a first half shell and a second half shell, the first half shell and the second half shell are oppositely arranged and fixed by fasteners; and the first connecting component and the second connecting component are both arranged as convex connecting blocks, the large-diameter part of the convex connecting block is the first part, and the small-diameter part of the convex connecting block is the second part.

[0024] With the above technical solution, the shell comprises a first half shell and a second half shell, the first half shell and the second half shell are oppositely arranged and fixed by fasteners; this makes the two connecting components and the shell more convenient to assemble, and the first connecting component and the second connecting component are both arranged as convex connecting blocks, which makes the first connecting component and the second connecting component easier to process.

[0025] The application further provides a stellarator magnet, comprising a plurality of coils, wherein two adjacent coils in the plurality of coils are connected by at least one coil connecting device having the above structure; and the plurality of coils comprise planar coils and / or non-planar coils.

[0026] By adopting the technical scheme, the stellarator magnet provided by the application can solve the problem of stress concentration and easy damage of connecting components caused by the space special-shaped torsion structure and dynamic electromagnetic force when the non-planar coils are connected in the stellarator, and can improve the use performance and reliability of the stellarator.

[0027] According to the stellarator magnet provided by the application, each coil comprises a coil body and a coil shell arranged outside the coil body, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the coil shell; the second part of the first connecting component in the coil connecting device is embedded in the connecting rod of one of the coils, so as to be fixedly connected to the one coil through the connecting rod, the connecting rod is also arranged in the first connecting hole, and a second movable space is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the connecting rod and the inner wall surface of the first connecting hole; the second part of the second connecting component in the coil connecting device is embedded in the connecting rod of the other coil, so as to be fixedly connected to the other coil through the connecting rod, the connecting rod is also arranged in the second connecting hole, and a third movable space is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the connecting rod and the inner wall surface of the second connecting hole.

[0028] By adopting the technical scheme, the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the coil shell, and the movable space between the outer circumferential surface of the connecting rod and the inner wall surface of the connecting hole can provide a certain tolerance range for installation. The operator does not need to accurately align the connecting rod and the connecting hole, but only needs to insert the connecting rod into the connecting hole and roughly position the connecting rod in the movable space, so that the installation is more convenient. When the stellarator needs to be maintained or the components need to be replaced, the movable space enables the connecting rod to be more easily pulled out of the connecting hole and inserted into the connecting hole. The operator can quickly disassemble and reinstall the connecting device without using complex tools or performing tedious operations, thereby reducing the maintenance difficulty and cost and shortening the maintenance time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a perspective structural schematic view of a stellarator magnet coil set provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0030] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a sectional structural schematic view of a coil connecting device and a coil for a stellarator magnet provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0031] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a partial sectional structural schematic view of a coil connecting device for a stellarator magnet provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0032] Figure 4A perspective structural schematic view of a housing of a coil connecting device for a stellarator magnet is provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0033] Figure 5 A perspective structural schematic view of a first connecting component of a coil connecting device for a stellarator magnet is provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0034] Figure 6 An exploded structural schematic view of a coil connecting device for a stellarator magnet is provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0035] Legend of reference signs:

[0036] 10, housing; 10A, first half housing; 10B, second half housing; 101, first connecting hole; 1011, first annular region; 102, second connecting hole; 1021, second annular region; 103, first active space; 104, second active space; 105, third active space;

[0037] 100, first connecting component; 110, first part; 1101, first convex spherical structure; 11011, first lubricating layer; 1102, second convex spherical structure; 11012, second lubricating layer; 1103, third convex spherical structure; 11031, first buffer layer; 11032, third lubricating layer; 1104, fourth convex spherical structure; 11041, second buffer layer; 11042, fourth lubricating layer; 111, first annular elastic component; 112, second annular elastic component; 113, first support ring; 1131, first concave spherical structure; 114, second support ring; 1141, second concave spherical structure; 120, second part;

[0038] 200, second connecting component;

[0039] 300, coil; 310, coil body; 320, coil housing; 301, planar coil; 302, non-planar coil;

[0040] 400, connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] A stellarator is a magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device, which generates a complex magnetic field by an external coil to achieve stable confinement of high-temperature plasma. The core is to confine the plasma in a closed magnetic surface by three-dimensional twisted magnetic field lines. Coil design is the technical core, which is divided into planar and non-planar coils. Especially, the non-planar coil constructs a complex three-dimensional magnetic field, and the spatial special-shaped twisted structure makes the adjacent surfaces of adjacent coils not parallel and irregularly change with multiple degrees of freedom. Adjacent coils are connected by connecting components, but a single coil bears a meganewton-level dynamic electromagnetic force during operation, which easily causes stress concentration of the connecting components, leading to plastic deformation, fatigue cracks and even fracture, affecting the performance of the stellarator.

[0042] To solve the above problems, the application provides a new coil connecting device for a star simulator magnet, which comprises two connecting components, the two connecting components can rotate axially relative to each other and move radially relative to each other along the shell. During operation, even if a single coil is subjected to complex motion deformation caused by dynamic electromagnetic force, the connecting components can still follow, avoiding local stress concentration caused by rigid connection and reducing the risk of damage, thereby improving the performance of the star simulator.

[0043] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the application clearer, the embodiments of the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0044] The application provides a coil connecting device for a star simulator magnet, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , which is used to connect two adjacent coils 300 in a star simulator magnet, and the coil connecting device comprises a shell 10 and a first connecting component 100 and a second connecting component 200 arranged in the shell 10.

[0045] Specifically, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the shell 10 has a containing space, and the first end of the shell 10 along its axial direction is provided with a first connecting hole 101, and the second end is provided with a second connecting hole 102, both the first connecting hole 101 and the second connecting hole 102 are connected with the containing space and the external space of the shell 10.

[0046] The structure of the shell 10 is not limited, which can be arranged as an integrated structure or as a split structure.

[0047] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the shell 10 can comprise a first half shell 10A and a second half shell 10B, the first half shell 10A and the second half shell 10B are butted against each other and fixed by fasteners, for example, the first half shell 10A and the second half shell 10B can be butted against and fixed by bolts to form the shell 10. During assembly, the first connecting component 100 and the second connecting component 200 can be installed between the first half shell 10A and the second half shell 10B, and then the first half shell 10A and the second half shell 10B are fastened. In this way, the two connecting components and the shell 10 can be more conveniently assembled.

[0048] It should be understood that the wall thickness of the first half shell 10A and the second half shell 10B is not limited, which is determined by the coil electromagnetic force and is made of high-strength metal material. During processing, in order to facilitate installation, an ear-shaped structure can be processed, and a bolt hole is processed thereon. The first half shell 10A and the second half shell 10B are connected by bolts.

[0049] With respect to the first connecting member 100 and the second connecting member 200, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the first connecting member 100 and the second connecting member 200 can be arranged opposite in the axial direction of the housing 10. Specifically, each of the first connecting member 100 and the second connecting member 200 can include a first portion 110 and a second portion 120, the first portion 110 being arranged in the accommodating space. In the installation, the first portion 110 is first installed between the first half housing 10A and the second half housing 10B, and then the first half housing 10A and the second half housing 10B are fastened. And in the axial direction of the housing 10, the first portion 110 of the first connecting member 100 is arranged opposite and close to the first portion 110 of the second connecting member 200, the second portion 120 of the first connecting member 100 is arranged away from the second portion 120 of the second connecting member 200, and the second portion 120 of the first connecting member 100 penetrates the first connecting hole 101 for fixed connection with one of the two adjacent coils 300, and the second portion 120 of the second connecting member 200 penetrates the second connecting hole 102 for fixed connection with the other of the two adjacent coils 300.

[0050] It should be understood that in the present embodiment, the second portion 120 of the first connecting member 100 and the second connecting member 200 can be directly connected with the coil 300, or can be connected with the coil 300 through an intermediate structure, for example, a connecting rod 400 (see Figure 2 and Figure 6 ) can be arranged on the coil housing 320 of the coil 300, and the second portion 120 of the first connecting member 100 and the second connecting member 200 is connected with the connecting rod 400.

[0051] Further, in the radial direction of the housing 10, referring to Figure 3 , the outer circumferential surface of the first portion 110 of each connecting member and the inner wall surface of the accommodating space have a first movable space 103, the outer circumferential surface of the second portion 120 of the first connecting member 100 and the inner wall surface of the first connecting hole 101 have a second movable space 104, and the outer circumferential surface of the second portion 120 of the second connecting member 200 and the inner wall surface of the second connecting hole 102 have a third movable space 105. So that the first connecting member 100 and the second connecting member 200 have a certain freedom in the radial direction of the housing 10, which can adapt to the irregular changes of the adjacent surfaces of the adjacent coils 300 in the radial direction. When the adjacent coils 300 produce relative displacement in the radial direction due to the space irregular torsion structure during the operation of the stellarator, the first connecting member 100 and the second connecting member 200 can move correspondingly in the radial direction of the housing 10, avoiding excessive stress caused by the limitation of the radial displacement of the first connecting member 100 and the second connecting member 200.

[0052] Based on the above structure, the first connecting component 100 and the second connecting component 200 in the embodiment are further arranged to be relatively rotatable around the axial direction of the shell 10 and relatively movable along the radial direction of the shell 10 between the first part 110 of the first connecting component 100 and the first part 110 of the second connecting component 200. In this way, when the star simulator is running, even if the single coil 300 bears a meganewton-level dynamic electromagnetic force, causing the adjacent two coils 300 to produce complex motion and deformation, for example, the adjacent two coils 300 relatively slide or rotate, the first connecting component 100 and the second connecting component 200 can relatively rotate around the axial direction and relatively move along the radial direction, so as to better follow the dynamic changes of the coil 300, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that stress is concentrated in a local area of the connecting component caused by rigid connection, and facilitating to reduce the risk of plastic deformation, fatigue cracks and even fracture of the connecting component.

[0053] Further, in the embodiment, referring to Figure 2 , the shell 10 has a first annular area 1011 located around the first connecting hole 101 and a second annular area 1021 located around the second connecting hole 102, the first annular area 1011 is used to limit the first part 110 of the first connecting component 100 from sliding out of the accommodation space in the axial direction of the shell 10, and the second annular area 1021 is used to limit the first part 110 of the second connecting component 200 from sliding out of the accommodation space in the axial direction of the shell 10. In the process of the connecting component following the dynamic changes of the coil 300, this design can make the connecting component always be in a reasonable working position and not be out of the normal connection state due to excessive axial movement, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the connection between the connecting component and the coil 300, making the adjacent two coils 300 can be constrained within a predetermined position range and not be affected by the relative motion to affect the use performance, and further ensuring the use performance of the star simulator.

[0054] Further, when the star simulator is running, the single coil 300 will bear a meganewton-level dynamic electromagnetic force, and this strong dynamic force will cause the coil 300 to produce violent vibration and impact. In the embodiment, referring to Figure 3 , the first part 110 of the first connecting component 100 and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the shell 10 are clamped with a first annular elastic component 111, and the first part 110 of the second connecting component 200 and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the shell 10 are clamped with a second annular elastic component 112. In this way, when the coil 300 is vibrated under the action of the dynamic electromagnetic force, the elastic component can be elastically deformed to absorb and consume part of the vibration energy, thereby playing a role of buffering and shock absorption, so as to reduce the impact force peak value borne by the connecting component, reduce the risk of damage to the connecting component caused by violent impact, and prolong the service life of the connecting component.

[0055] In addition, since the non-planar coil 302 has a spatially profiled torsion structure, the adjacent surfaces of the adjacent coils 300 are not parallel and irregularly change in multiple degrees of freedom, and the coils can produce a slight relative displacement during operation. The annular elastic component can elastically stretch and contract with the displacement of the coil 300, always maintain close contact with the connecting component and the shell 10, avoid hard collision and friction due to displacement, thereby reducing the generation of noise, and at the same time can automatically adjust the deformation degree according to different stress conditions, always maintain effective support and stress dispersion effect on the connecting component, and adapt to various complex operating conditions.

[0056] The structures of the first annular elastic component 111 and the second annular elastic component 112 are not limited; for example, the first annular elastic component 111 is arranged as an annular spring or an annular elastic block, and the second annular elastic component 112 is arranged as an annular spring or an annular elastic block.

[0057] In an embodiment, the first annular elastic component 111 and the second annular elastic component 112 are both arranged as annular springs.

[0058] In another embodiment, the first annular elastic component 111 and the second annular elastic component 112 are both arranged as annular elastic blocks.

[0059] In yet another embodiment, the first annular elastic component 111 and the second annular elastic component 112 can be one arranged as an annular spring and the other arranged as an annular elastic block.

[0060] The materials of the annular spring and the annular elastic block are not limited, for example, can be metal materials, plastics, rubbers, etc. arranged to have good deformation ability.

[0061] Based on the above structure, in the present embodiment, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 6The coil connecting device further comprises a first supporting ring 113 and a second supporting ring 114 located in the accommodating space; in the axial direction of the shell 10, the first supporting ring 113 is press-fitted between one end of the first part 110 of the first connecting component 100 close to the second part 120 and the inner side of the first annular area 1011, the inner side of the first annular area 1011 refers to the side located in the accommodating space; one side of the first supporting ring 113 is in spherical contact with the first part 110 of the first connecting component 100, and the other side of the first supporting ring 113 abuts against the inner side of the first annular area 1011; and the first annular elastic component 111 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first supporting ring 113 and is press-fitted between the outer periphery of the first supporting ring 113 and the inner wall of the peripheral wall of the shell 10 in the radial direction of the shell 10; in the axial direction of the shell 10, the second supporting ring 114 is press-fitted between one end of the first part 110 of the second connecting component 200 close to the second part 120 and the inner side of the second annular area 1021, the inner side of the second annular area 1021 refers to the side located in the accommodating space; one side of the second supporting ring 114 is in spherical contact with the first part 110 of the second connecting component 200, and the other side of the second supporting ring 114 abuts against the inner side of the second annular area 1021; and the second annular elastic component 112 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second supporting ring 114 and is press-fitted between the outer periphery of the second supporting ring 114 and the inner wall of the peripheral wall of the shell 10 in the radial direction of the shell 10.

[0062] In this scheme, due to the spatially special twisted structure of the non-planar coil 302 in the stellarator, the adjacent surfaces of adjacent coils are not parallel and irregularly change in multiple degrees of freedom, one side of the first supporting ring 113 is in spherical contact with the first part 110 of the first connecting component 100, and one side of the second supporting ring 114 is in spherical contact with the first part 110 of the second connecting component 200. The design of spherical contact enables the first part 110 of the first connecting component 100 and the second connecting component 200 to perform small rotation and movement in multiple degrees of freedom within a certain range. The supporting ring can provide support and guidance for this movement, while not limiting the normal movement of the connecting component, so that the connecting device can be flexibly adjusted to follow the dynamic changes of the coil 300 and always maintain a good connection state.

[0063] The specific structure of the first supporting ring 113 and the second supporting ring 114 is not limited, see Figure 3For example, the first support ring 113 and the second support ring 114 can be machined to be concave on one side close to the first part 110, that is, the first support ring 113 is formed with a first concave spherical surface structure 1131, and the first part 110 of the first connecting component 100 is formed with a first convex spherical surface structure 1101 which is matched with the first concave spherical surface structure 1131 and abuts against the first concave spherical surface structure 1131, and the second support ring 114 is formed with a second concave spherical surface structure 1141, and the first part 110 of the second connecting component 200 is formed with a second convex spherical surface structure 1102 which is matched with the second concave spherical surface structure 1141 and abuts against the second concave spherical surface structure 1141.

[0064] Further, referring to Figure 3 The first concave spherical surface structure 1131 and / or the first convex spherical surface structure 1101 is coated with a first lubricating layer 11011, and the second concave spherical surface structure 1141 and / or the second convex spherical surface structure 1102 is coated with a second lubricating layer 11012. The lubricating layer can reduce the sliding friction coefficient between the spherical surfaces, so that the connecting component moves more smoothly.

[0065] Specifically, the first concave spherical surface structure 1131 and the first convex spherical surface structure 1101 can be coated with the first lubricating layer 11011, or one of the first concave spherical surface structure 1131 and the first convex spherical surface structure 1101 is coated with the first lubricating layer 11011 and the other is not coated, for example, the first concave spherical surface structure 1131 is coated with the first lubricating layer 11011 and the first convex spherical surface structure 1101 is not coated.

[0066] For the second concave spherical surface structure 1141 and the second convex spherical surface structure 1102, the same can be that the second concave spherical surface structure 1141 and the second convex spherical surface structure 1102 are coated with the second lubricating layer 11012, or one of the second concave spherical surface structure 1141 and the second convex spherical surface structure 1102 is coated with the second lubricating layer 11012 and the other is not coated, for example, the second concave spherical surface structure 1141 is coated with the second lubricating layer 11012 and the second convex spherical surface structure 1102 is not coated.

[0067] Further, referring to Figure 3, the first part 110 of the first connecting component 100 is formed with a third convex spherical surface structure 1103 at one end away from the second part 120, and the first part 110 of the second connecting component 200 is formed with a fourth convex spherical surface structure 1104 at one end away from the second part 120; and the third convex spherical surface structure 1103 and the fourth convex spherical surface structure 1104 are oppositely arranged and at least partially abut, for example, in the initial state of the connecting device, the apexes of the two spherical surfaces can abut. The abutting design of the third convex spherical surface structure 1103 and the fourth convex spherical surface structure 1104 enables the two connecting components to rotate and move in multiple directions, for example, when the two adjacent coils 300 slide relative to each other, the two first parts 110 can move relative to the radial direction; when the two adjacent coils 300 rotate relative to each other, the two first parts 110 can rotate relative to the rotation; when the two adjacent coils 300 both slide and rotate relative to each other, the two first parts 110 will tilt and rotate relative to each other; at this time, the rotation axis of the first part 110 is inclined relative to the axial direction of the shell 10; the relative abutting design of the third convex spherical surface structure 1103 and the fourth convex spherical surface structure 1104 in this embodiment can freely adapt to various angles and displacements generated when the coil 300 changes in complex space positions; it ensures that the connecting device can always tightly and reliably connect the coil 300, avoiding loosening or jamming of the connection due to movement of the coil 300.

[0068] Furthermore, when multiple connecting devices are connected between the two adjacent coils 300, due to the different bending degrees of the non-planar coil 302 at different positions, the relative abutting design of the third convex spherical surface structure 1103 and the fourth convex spherical surface structure 1104 in this embodiment can enable the two first parts 110 to adapt to the bending degrees at different positions, which can make the adaptability of the connecting device better.

[0069] Further, referring to Figure 3The third convex spherical structure 1103 is coated with a first buffer layer 11031, and a third lubricating layer 11032 is coated on a side of the first buffer layer 11031 away from the third convex spherical structure 1103; and the fourth convex spherical structure 1104 is coated with a second buffer layer 11041, and a fourth lubricating layer 11042 is coated on a side of the second buffer layer 11041 away from the fourth convex spherical structure 1104. By coating the first buffer layer 11031 on the third convex spherical structure 1103 and the second buffer layer 11041 on the fourth convex spherical structure 1104, elastic deformation can occur when the connecting components are relatively moved, so that the two spherical surfaces are always in close contact, and the connection is not loose or stuck due to limited movement. The first buffer layer 11031 is coated with the third lubricating layer 11032 on a side away from the third convex spherical structure 1103, and the second buffer layer 11041 is coated with the fourth lubricating layer 11042 on a side away from the fourth convex spherical structure 1104, so as to reduce the sliding friction coefficient between the spherical surfaces, and make the connecting components move more smoothly.

[0070] The structures of the first buffer layer 11031 and the second buffer layer 11041 are not limited, for example, they can be rubber pads arranged on the convex spherical structures, and the lubricating layers can be directly coated or coated by vapor deposition. The lubricating layers are made of wear-resistant materials that are not easy to volatilize and oxidize and have stable composition. For example, they can be lubricating oil films directly coated on the spherical surfaces. The lubricating layers can be any one of the first lubricating layer 11011, the second lubricating layer 11012, the third lubricating layer 11032, and the fourth lubricating layer 11042.

[0071] Further, in the embodiment, the first part 110 and the second part 120 in the first connecting component 100 and the second connecting component 200 can be arranged as an integrated structure or as a split structure, as shown in Figure 5 For example, the first connecting component 100 and the second connecting component 200 can each be arranged as a convex connecting block, the large-diameter part of the convex connecting block being the first part 110, and the small-diameter part of the convex connecting block being the second part 120. In this way, the first connecting component 100 and the second connecting component 200 are easier to process.

[0072] Finally, it should be understood that the coil connecting device provided by the present application can be used to connect two planar coils 301, or to connect a planar coil 301 and a non-planar coil 302, or to connect two non-planar coils 302, according to actual needs.

[0073] The present application also provides a stellarator magnet, which comprises a plurality of coils 300 (see Figure 1), and adjacent two coils 300 in the plurality of coils 300 are connected by at least one coil connecting device of the above structure; and the plurality of coils 300 comprises planar coils 301 and / or non-planar coils 302.

[0074] The number of coils is not limited, for example, can be set to 8, 9, 10 or more, the type of coil is not limited, for example, can be a planar coil 301, can also be a non-planar coil 302, or a combination of planar coils 301 and non-planar coils 302. Such a stellarator magnet, since adjacent two coils can be connected by at least one coil connecting device of the above structure, can solve the problem of stress concentration and easy damage of connecting components caused by space special-shaped torsion structure and dynamic electromagnetic force when connecting non-planar coils 302 in the stellarator, and can improve the performance and reliability of the stellarator.

[0075] It should be understood that the number of connecting devices for connecting adjacent two coils is not limited, which should be determined according to the magnetic force peak value. For example, it can be set to 4, 5 or any number.

[0076] Further, based on the above structure, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 6 , each coil comprises a coil body 310 and a coil shell 320 arranged outside the coil body 310, and the coil shell 320 is fixedly connected with a connecting rod 400; the second part 120 of the first connecting component 100 of the coil connecting device is embedded in the connecting rod 400 of one of the coils, so as to be fixedly connected with one of the coils through the connecting rod 400, and the connecting rod 400 is also arranged in the first connecting hole 101, and the outer circumferential surface of the connecting rod 400 and the inner wall surface of the first connecting hole 101 have a second movable space 104; the second part 120 of the second connecting component 200 of the coil connecting device is embedded in the connecting rod 400 of another coil, so as to be fixedly connected with another coil through the connecting rod 400, and the connecting rod 400 is also arranged in the second connecting hole 102, and the outer circumferential surface of the connecting rod 400 and the inner wall surface of the second connecting hole 102 have a third movable space 105 (see Figure 3 ).

[0077] It should be understood that the coil shell 320 is a shell arranged outside the coil body 310, which provides mechanical structural support for the coil 300 subjected to electromagnetic force under the magnetic field, and can be made of high-strength metal material.

[0078] The connecting rod 400 is fixedly connected on the coil shell 320, and the movement space between the outer circumferential surface of the connecting rod 400 and the inner wall surface of the connecting hole can provide a certain tolerance range for installation. The operator does not need to accurately align the connecting rod 400 and the connecting hole, but only needs to insert the connecting rod 400 into the connecting hole and roughly position it in the movement space, so that the installation is more convenient. When it is necessary to maintain or replace parts of the stellar simulator, the movement space enables the connecting rod 400 to be more easily pulled out of and inserted into the connecting hole. The operator can quickly disassemble and reinstall the connecting device without using complex tools or performing tedious operations, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of maintenance and shortening the maintenance time.

[0079] It should be understood that the end of the connecting rod 400 connected with the coil shell 320 can be a profiling structure matched with the shape of the coil shell 320, and when connected, the connecting rod 400 can be welded to the coil shell 320 or integrally formed with the coil shell 320; the other end of the connecting rod 400 is embedded and interference-fixedly connected with the second part 120.

[0080] In summary, the coil connecting device provided by the present application can solve the problem of stress concentration and easy damage of the connecting part caused by the space special-shaped torsion structure and dynamic electromagnetic force during the connection of the non-planar coil 302 in the stellar simulator, and can improve the use performance and reliability of the stellar simulator.

[0081] It should be noted that in addition to the embodiments of the application described in the specific embodiments above, other advantages and effects of the application can be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the content disclosed in the present application. Although the description of the present application is introduced in combination with the preferred embodiments, it does not mean that the features of the present application are limited to the embodiments. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the application in combination with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that can be extended based on the claims of the present application. In order to provide a deep understanding of the present application, many specific details are included in the above description, and the present application can also be implemented without using these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or obscure the focus of the present application, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0082] It should be noted that in the present application, similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0083] In the description of the present embodiment, it needs to be explained that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application.

[0084] The terms "first", "second", and the like are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0085] In the description of the present embodiment, it also needs to be explained that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "provided", "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present embodiment can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0086] Although the present application has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it should be understood that the above description is a further detailed description of the present application in connection with specific embodiments, and cannot be considered as a limitation on the specific implementation of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make various changes in form and details, including making a number of simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A coil connection device for a stellarator magnet, used to connect two adjacent coils in the stellarator magnet, characterized in that: The coil connection device comprises: a housing having an accommodation space therein, and a first connecting hole being provided at a first end of the housing along its axial direction, and a second connecting hole being provided at a second end thereof, wherein both the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole communicate with the accommodation space and a space outside the housing; a first connecting member and a second connecting member are arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction of the housing, each of the first connecting member and the second connecting member comprises a first portion and a second portion connected to each other, the first portion being located within the accommodating space; in the axial direction of the housing, the first portion of the first connecting member and the first portion of the second connecting member are arranged close to each other, the second portion of the first connecting member and the second portion of the second connecting member are arranged away from each other, the second portion of the first connecting member passes through the first connecting hole for fixed connection with one of the two adjacent coils, and the second portion of the second connecting member passes through the second connecting hole for fixed connection with the other of the two adjacent coils; wherein, in the radial direction of the shell, a first movable space is defined between the outer circumferential surface of the first portion of each connecting component and the inner wall surface of the accommodating space, a second movable space is defined between the outer circumferential surface of the second portion of the first connecting component and the inner wall surface of the first connecting hole, and a third movable space is defined between the outer circumferential surface of the second portion of the second connecting component and the inner wall surface of the second connecting hole, and the first portion of the first connecting component and the first portion of the second connecting component are capable of relative rotation about the axial direction of the shell and relative movement along the radial direction of the shell; In addition, the shell has a first annular area located around the first connecting hole and a second annular area located around the second connecting hole. The first annular area is used to limit the first part of the first connecting component from sliding out of the accommodating space in the axial direction of the shell, and the second annular area is used to limit the first part of the second connecting component from sliding out of the accommodating space in the axial direction of the shell.

2. The coil connection device for stellarator magnets according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first annular elastic component is sandwiched between the first portion of the first connecting component and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the housing. A second annular elastic component is sandwiched between the first portion of the second connecting component and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the housing.

3. The coil connection device for stellarator magnets according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first annular elastic component is configured as an annular spring or an annular elastic block, and the second annular elastic component is configured as an annular spring or an annular elastic block.

4. The coil connection device for stellarator magnets according to claim 3, wherein: The coil connection device further includes a first support ring and a second support ring located in the accommodation space; In the axial direction of the housing, the first support ring is pressed between one end of the first portion of the first connecting member close to the second portion and the inner side surface of the first annular region, one side surface of the first support ring is in contact with the spherical surface of the first portion of the first connecting member, and the other side surface of the first support ring is in contact with the inner side surface of the first annular region; and the first annular elastic member is sleeved on the outer circumference of the first support ring and is pressed between the outer circumference of the first support ring and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the housing in the radial direction of the housing; In the axial direction of the shell, the second support ring is pressed between one end of the first part of the second connecting component close to the second part and the inner side surface of the second annular area, one side surface of the second support ring is in contact with the spherical surface of the first part of the second connecting component, and the other side surface of the second support ring is in contact with the inner side surface of the second annular area; and the second annular elastic component is sleeved on the outer circumference of the second support ring and is pressed between the outer circumference of the second support ring and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the shell in the radial direction of the shell.

5. The coil connection device for stellarator magnets according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first supporting ring is formed with a first concave spherical surface structure, the first portion of the first connecting component is formed with a first convex spherical surface structure adapted to and abutting against the first concave spherical surface structure, the second supporting ring is formed with a second concave spherical surface structure, the first portion of the second connecting component is formed with a second convex spherical surface structure adapted to and abutting against the second concave spherical surface structure; and The first concave spherical surface structure and / or the first convex spherical surface structure are coated with a first lubricating layer, and the second concave spherical surface structure and / or the second convex spherical surface structure are coated with a second lubricating layer.

6. The coil connection device for stellarator magnets according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A third raised spherical structure is formed at one end of the first part of the first connecting component away from the second part, and a fourth raised spherical structure is formed at one end of the first part of the second connecting component away from the second part; and the third raised spherical structure and the fourth raised spherical structure are arranged opposite to each other and at least partially abut against each other.

7. The coil connection device for stellarator magnets according to claim 6, characterized in that: The third raised spherical structure is coated with a first buffer layer, and the side of the first buffer layer away from the third raised spherical structure is coated with a third lubricating layer; the fourth raised spherical structure is coated with a second buffer layer, and the side of the second buffer layer away from the fourth raised spherical structure is coated with a fourth lubricating layer.

8. The coil connection device for stellarator magnets according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The housing comprises a first half shell and a second half shell, the first half shell and the second half shell being butted against each other and fixed by fasteners; and The first connecting component and the second connecting component are both configured as convex connecting blocks, the large-diameter portion of the convex connecting block is the first portion, and the small-diameter portion of the convex connecting block is the second portion.

9. A stellarator magnet, characterized in that: comprising a plurality of coils, wherein two adjacent coils among the plurality of coils are connected by at least one coil connecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 8; and The plurality of coils include planar coils and / or non-planar coils.

10. The stellarator magnet according to claim 9, wherein Each of the coils includes a coil body and a coil shell disposed outside the coil body, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the coil shell; The second portion of the first connecting member in the coil connecting device is embedded in the connecting rod of one of the coils to be fixedly connected to the one of the coils via the connecting rod. The connecting rod is also inserted into the first connecting hole, and the second movable space is defined between the outer peripheral surface of the connecting rod and the inner wall surface of the first connecting hole. The second part of the second connecting component in the coil connecting device is embedded in the connecting rod of the other coil so as to be fixedly connected to the other coil through the connecting rod. The connecting rod is also passed through the second connecting hole, and the third movable space is defined between the outer peripheral surface of the connecting rod and the inner wall surface of the second connecting hole.

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