Battery device and electric equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, and provides a battery device and electric equipment.The battery device comprises a battery single body assembly, a box body and a pressure relief mechanism, a first through hole communicated with a containing space is formed in the outer wall of the box body, the pressure relief mechanism is arranged at the first through hole, the pressure relief mechanism comprises a base and a pressure relief piece which are arranged on the box body, and the base is provided with a first through hole communicated with the containing space; a second through hole opposite to the first through hole is formed in the base, the pressure relief piece blocks the second through hole and comprises a metal memory deformation piece, the metal memory deformation piece comprises a connecting part and a deformation blocking part, the deformation blocking part blocks the second through hole, and the deformation blocking part protrudes in the direction away from the box body when heated; and the second through hole is unsealed. According to the battery device provided by the invention, the pressure relief piece of the pressure relief mechanism adopts a direct plugging mode and convexly extends towards the direction far away from the box body when being heated, so that the pressure relief requirement is met, the requirement of the processing precision of the pressure relief mechanism is lower, and the reliability is higher by adopting an abutting plugging mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular provides a battery device and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] Battery devices are widely used in vehicles to provide electric propulsion. To meet the high power requirements of vehicles, batteries are often used as a power source.

[0003] To mitigate the risks of thermal runaway in battery devices, a pressure relief mechanism is typically installed on the battery housing to achieve directional pressure relief. Currently, this mechanism works by deforming a shape memory alloy upon heating, tearing through a weak area within the mechanism and creating a vent for pressure relief.

[0004] However, this pressure relief method requires high machining precision. Specifically, the machining accuracy of the weak area must precisely match the force generated by the thermal deformation of the shape memory alloy to ensure effective tearing and the formation of the pressure relief vent. If the strength of the weak area is too high, it may not tear, thus affecting the pressure relief effect. If the strength is too low, it may cause reliability issues during normal use, such as airtightness failure and water leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a battery device and an electrical device, aiming to solve the problems of high processing precision requirements and relatively low reliability of the pressure relief mechanism in the battery device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present application are: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery device, comprising: A battery cell assembly, the battery cell assembly comprising a plurality of battery cells arranged in parallel; a box body having a housing space for housing the battery cell group; A pressure relief mechanism, wherein a first through hole communicating with the accommodating space is provided on an outer wall of the box body, the pressure relief mechanism is provided at the first through hole, the pressure relief mechanism comprises a base provided on the box body and a pressure relief member, the base is provided with a second through hole arranged opposite to the first through hole, the pressure relief member is blocked in the second through hole; The pressure relief component includes a metal memory deformation component, which includes a connecting portion connected to the base and a deformation sealing portion connected to the connecting portion. The deformation sealing portion seals the second through hole, and when heated, the deformation sealing portion protrudes in a direction away from the box body to unseal the second through hole.

[0007] Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application: In the battery device provided by the embodiments of the present application, in the initial state, the pressure relief member blocks the second through hole to achieve the sealing requirements of the battery device under normal use, and when the battery cell assembly experiences thermal runaway in the accommodating space of the box body, the valve spray material is leaked from the first through hole, and is discharged to the outside from the second through hole under the directional pressure relief action of the pressure relief mechanism. Specifically, the valve spray material is usually accompanied by high temperature, and the pressure relief member is more sensitive to temperature changes. That is, the pressure relief member will protrude away from the box body when heated, and the pressure relief member will change from blocking the second through hole in the initial state to unsealing the second through hole, and the valve spray material can be sprayed from the second through hole to the outside. The pressure relief member includes a metal memory deformable member, which is a shape memory alloy that deforms when heated. Specifically, the connecting portion is fixedly connected to the bottom, and the deformable sealing portion seals the second through hole. Furthermore, the deformable sealing portion deforms when heated, releasing the seal on the second through hole to allow the second through hole to communicate with the outside. The pressure relief member of the pressure relief mechanism of the battery device provided herein utilizes a direct sealing method and, when heated, protrudes away from the housing to achieve pressure relief. This reduces the machining precision requirements for the pressure relief mechanism, and the abutment sealing method also enhances reliability.

[0008] In some embodiments, the metal memory deformable element is a thermosensitive memory deformable metal, and the thermosensitive memory deformable metal includes any one of a Ni-Ti based shape memory alloy, a Cu based shape memory alloy, a Ni-Mn based shape memory alloy, and a Fe based shape memory alloy.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the characteristic of the thermosensitive memory deformation metal that it is easily deformed by the influence of the heating temperature is utilized to achieve the requirement of opening the valve when the metal memory deformation part is heated.

[0010] In some embodiments, in the blocking state, the deformable blocking portion protrudes toward the box body and blocks the second through hole; In the unsealed state, the deformable sealing portion protrudes away from the box body and is unsealed at the second through hole.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the deformation sealing portion is the part of the metal memory deformation part that has deformation memory. When in the blocked state, the deformation sealing portion maintains shape stability and can block the second through hole; when in the unblocked state, the deformation sealing portion is deformed due to heat and protrudes away from the box body, thereby releasing the blockage of the second through hole. That is, the accommodating cavity of the box body is connected to the outside through the first through hole and the second through hole to meet the pressure relief requirements.

[0012] In some embodiments, a first sealing member is provided on the base, and the first sealing member is arranged around the second through hole. In a blocking state, the deformable blocking portion abuts against the first sealing member.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the first sealing member is utilized to further improve the sealing performance of the deformation sealing portion on the second through hole, thereby improving the reliability of the metal memory deformation member in sealing the second through hole.

[0014] In some embodiments, the base is provided with a first stepped surface and a second stepped surface having a height difference with the first stepped surface, the connecting portion is connected to the first stepped surface, the second stepped surface is provided with a groove structure for accommodating the first sealing member, and the second through hole is opened on the second stepped surface; In the blocking state, the protrusion amplitude of the deformable blocking portion is greater than the height difference between the first step surfaces.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the deformation amplitude of the deformation sealing part should be greater than the height difference between the first step surface and the first step surface, and the sealing reliability of the metal memory deformation part can also be adjusted by adjusting the degree of extrusion of the deformation sealing part on the first sealing part.

[0016] In some embodiments, the base includes a base body and a plurality of bosses provided on the base body, each of the bosses is arranged around the center line of the base body, at least one group of two adjacent bosses are arranged at intervals, and each of the bosses has the first step surface, and the base body has the second step surface.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, two adjacent bosses are arranged at intervals to form a pressure relief channel, so that the spray valve material can be discharged through the second through hole and then discharged to the outside through the pressure relief channel.

[0018] In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism includes a cover plate, which is disposed on the base and abuts against the first step surface of each of the bosses.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the cover plate is used to protect the pressure relief component, thereby reducing the damage to the pressure relief component caused by external forces or foreign objects.

[0020] In some embodiments, the base body is provided with a retaining edge for surrounding the cover plate, and the inner wall of the retaining edge is inclined outward.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the probability of water accumulation at the connection between the seat body and the cover plate is reduced by utilizing the inclined retaining edge of the inner wall.

[0022] In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism includes a second seal, which is disposed between the base and the outer wall of the box.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the second sealing member is used to improve the sealing performance of the connection between the base and the outer wall of the box.

[0024] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device comprising the battery device described above.

[0025] It can be understood that the beneficial effects of the second aspect mentioned above can be found in the relevant description of the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or descriptions of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the electrical equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 An exploded view of a battery cell provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 An exploded view of the housing and pressure relief mechanism of the battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 An exploded view of the pressure relief mechanism of the battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a pressure relief mechanism of a battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of a pressure relief member of a pressure relief mechanism of a battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are: 1000, vehicle; 200, controller; 300, motor; 100, battery device; 10, housing; 11, first housing; 12, second housing; 10a, accommodating space; 20, battery cell; 10b, first through hole; 30. Pressure relief mechanism; 31. Base; 32. Cover; 33. Pressure relief member; 31a. Second through hole; 331a. Connecting portion; 332a. Deformation sealing portion; 34. First sealing member; 311. Base; 312. Boss; 31b. First step surface; 31c. Second step surface; 31d. Groove structure; 35. Second sealing member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0033] In related technologies, a battery device includes a housing and a battery cell assembly housed within the housing. To ensure targeted pressure relief in the event of thermal runaway, a pressure relief mechanism is typically installed on the outer wall of the housing. This pressure relief mechanism corresponds to a pressure relief channel within the housing.

[0034] However, the current pressure relief mechanism's pressure relief principle is based on the deformation of shape memory alloys upon heating, which tears the weak areas of the pressure relief mechanism, thereby forming an exhaust port for pressure relief. This pressure relief method requires high machining precision. Specifically, the machining precision of the weak areas must precisely match the force generated by the thermal deformation of the shape memory alloy to ensure effective tearing and formation of the pressure relief port. If the strength of the weak areas is too high, it may prevent tearing, thus affecting the pressure relief effect; if the strength is too low, it will cause reliability issues during normal use, such as airtightness failure and water leakage.

[0035] In view of this, the present application provides a battery device having a pressure relief mechanism disposed on the outer wall of a housing, comprising a base and a pressure relief member. The pressure relief member is a structural component that deforms when heated. Specifically, in its initial state, the pressure relief member seals the second through-hole on the base to meet the sealing requirements of the battery device during normal use. In its unsealed state, the pressure relief member protrudes away from the housing due to heat, thereby releasing the seal on the second through-hole. Then, the spray valve material within the housing passes through the first and second through-holes to the exterior, thereby achieving directional pressure relief.

[0036] The battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used in electrical devices that use the battery device as a power source or various energy storage systems that use the battery device as an energy storage element. The electrical devices may include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, battery-powered vehicles, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, and the like. Among them, electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, and the like, and spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, and the like.

[0037] For the convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided for some embodiments of the present application. The vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery device 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000. For example, the battery device 100 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for starting, navigating and operating power requirements of the vehicle 1000 during driving.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery device 100 can serve not only as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .

[0040] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 An exploded view of a battery device 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application. The battery device 100 described in the embodiments of the present application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. The battery cell assemblies may include multiple battery cells 20, which are connected in series, parallel, or in parallel via a busbar.

[0041] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is generally formed by arranging a plurality of battery cells 20 .

[0042] As an example, the battery cell assembly may be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing a plurality of battery cells 20 to form an independent module. As an example, the battery module may be formed by bundling a plurality of battery cells 20 with a cable tie.

[0043] In some embodiments, the battery device 100 may be a battery pack, which includes a case 10 and one or more battery cell assemblies, wherein the battery cell assemblies are housed in the case 10 .

[0044] As an example, the battery cell assembly may be a battery module, and the battery cell assembly may be accommodated in the box body 10 by fixing the battery module in the box body 10 .

[0045] As an example, the battery cell assembly may also be housed in the case 10 by directly fixing the plurality of battery cells 20 to the case 10 .

[0046] As an example, the housing 10 may include a first housing 11 and a second housing 12. The first housing 11 and the second housing 12 engage to form an enclosed space within the housing 10 for accommodating the battery cell assembly. Enclosed here means covered or closed, and can be either sealed or unsealed. The first housing 11 may be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0047] As an example, the box body 10 may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and the bottom plate are respectively connected to the frame, so that a closed space is formed inside the box body 10 to accommodate the battery cell assembly.

[0048] In some embodiments, the box 10 may serve as part of the chassis structure of the vehicle 1000. For example, a portion of the box 10 may form at least a portion of the floor of the vehicle 1000, or a portion of the box 10 may form at least a portion of the cross member and longitudinal member of the vehicle 1000.

[0049] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to various electrical devices that use battery cells 20, such as mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, electric vehicles, electric toys, electric tools, vehicles, ships and spacecraft, etc. For example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present application, the battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery. A secondary battery refers to a battery cell 20 that can be continuously used by activating active materials by charging after the battery cell is discharged.

[0051] The battery cell 20 can be a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, a sodium lithium ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a magnesium ion battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a lead storage battery, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application. A battery cell 20 is the smallest unit that constitutes a battery device 100. A plurality of battery cells 20 arranged in parallel constitute a battery cell assembly. Figure 3 The battery cell 20 includes an end cap 21, a shell 22, an electrode assembly 23 and other functional components.

[0053] The end cap 21 is a component that covers the opening of the housing 22 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of the end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 22 to fit the housing 22. Optionally, the end cap 21 can be made of a material with a certain degree of hardness and strength (such as an aluminum alloy). This prevents deformation of the end cap 21 during compression and collision, providing the battery cell 20 with greater structural strength and improved reliability. The end cap 21 can be provided with functional components such as electrode terminals. The electrode terminals can be used to electrically connect to the electrode assembly 23 for inputting or outputting electrical energy from the battery cell 20. In some embodiments, the end cap 21 can also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism to release internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold. The end cap 21 can be made of a variety of materials, including, but not limited to, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and plastic. In some embodiments, an insulating member may be provided inside the end cap 21 to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 22 from the end cap 21 to reduce the risk of short circuit. For example, the insulating member may be made of plastic, rubber, or the like.

[0054] The housing 22 is a component that cooperates with the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. This internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 23, electrolyte, and other components. The housing 22 and end cap 21 can be separate components. An opening can be provided in the housing 22, and the end cap 21 is placed over the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. Alternatively, the end cap 21 and housing 22 can be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 21 and housing 22 can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When the interior of the housing 22 needs to be enclosed, the end cap 21 is placed over the housing 22. The housing 22 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, or a hexagonal prism. Specifically, the shape of the housing 22 can be determined based on the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23. The housing 22 can be made of a variety of materials, such as, but not limited to, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc.

[0055] The electrode assembly 23 is a component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur. One or more electrode assemblies 23 may be contained in the housing 22. The electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode sheets, and a separator is usually provided between the positive and negative electrode sheets. The parts of the positive and negative electrode sheets with active materials constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 23, and the parts of the positive and negative electrode sheets without active materials each constitute a tab. The positive and negative electrode tabs may be located together at one end of the main body or respectively at both ends of the main body. During the charge and discharge process of the battery, the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material react with the electrolyte, and the tabs connect the electrode terminals to form a current loop.

[0056] Please refer to Figures 4 to 7 The battery device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a battery cell assembly, a box body 10 and a pressure relief mechanism 30.

[0057] In which, the battery cell assembly includes a plurality of battery cells 20 arranged in parallel; the box body 10 has an accommodating space 10a for accommodating the battery cell group; a first through hole 10b connected to the accommodating space 10a is provided on the outer wall of the box body 10, and the pressure relief mechanism 30 is provided at the first through hole 10b. The pressure relief mechanism 30 includes a base 31 and a pressure relief member 33 provided on the box body 10. The base 31 is provided with a second through hole 31a arranged opposite to the first through hole 10b, and the pressure relief member 33 blocks the second through hole 31a; the pressure relief member 33 includes a metal memory deformation member, the metal memory deformation member includes a connecting portion 331a connected to the base 31 and a deformation blocking portion 332a connected to the connecting portion 331a, the deformation blocking portion 332a blocks the second through hole 31a, and the deformation blocking portion 332a protrudes in a direction away from the box body 10 when heated to unseal the second through hole 31a.

[0058] It is understood that the pressure relief mechanism 30 is a mechanism for achieving directional pressure relief in the event of thermal runaway of the battery device. Generally, the pressure relief mechanism 30 can be an explosion-proof valve, a pressure relief valve, or a relatively weak structure formed on the box body 10.

[0059] The pressure relief mechanism 30 in this embodiment is similar to an explosion-proof valve and includes a base 31 and a pressure relief member 33. The base 31 is the main component of the pressure relief mechanism 30 and is used to connect to the outer wall of the housing 10. The second through hole 31a on the base 31 must correspond to the first through hole 10b on the housing 10. The pressure relief member 33 has two functions: during normal use of the battery device, it seals the second through hole 31a to meet the sealing requirements of the battery device; and when thermal runaway occurs in the battery device, the pressure relief member 33 can open the second through hole 31a to meet the battery device's requirement for a directional pressure relief spray valve. Here, the pressure relief member 33 is a type of heat-sensitive structural member. At room temperature, the pressure relief member 33 can maintain its own shape and structure, blocking the second through hole 31a to meet the sealing requirements. When the external temperature exceeds the deformation temperature threshold of the pressure relief member 33, the pressure relief member 33 deforms to release the blockage of the second through hole, transforming the second through hole 31a, which was originally in a blocked state, into an unblocked state. Here, the pressure relief member 33 unblocking the second through hole 31a means that the pressure relief member 33 is spatially unblocked from the second through hole 31a, that is, the pressure relief member 33 should be at least partially separated from the second through hole 31a, so that the spray valve material of the battery device can be discharged to the outside through the second through hole 31a in the event of thermal runaway.

[0060] For example, the pressure relief member 33 can be a metal structure with shape memory. At room temperature, this metal structure blocks the second through hole 31a. However, if thermal runaway occurs within the battery device housing 10 and the spray material is discharged from the first through hole 10b, the high-temperature spray material impacts the pressure relief member 33. The pressure relief member 33 is heated and deformed, causing the second through hole 31a to be unsealed from its blocked state. In this case, the pressure relief member 33 directly blocks the second through hole 31a.

[0061] For example, the pressure relief member 33 can also be composed of two components: a sealing member and a puncture member, wherein the sealing member seals the second through hole 31a to meet the sealing requirements of the battery device during normal use. The puncture member is also a metal structural member with shape memory affected by temperature. Similarly, the metal structural member maintains the corresponding structural form at room temperature and keeps a safe distance from the sealing member. When thermal runaway occurs in the box 10 of the battery device, the spray valve material is discharged from the first through hole 10b. When the high-temperature spray valve material impacts the puncture member, the puncture member is deformed by the heat, moves toward the sealing member and forms a puncture action. Finally, the second through hole 31a changes from a blocked state to a connected state.

[0062] The metal memory deformation member is a structural member that is affected by temperature and undergoes a morphological change when the ambient temperature changes significantly. For example, at room temperature, the metal memory deformation member maintains its specific structural shape to block the second through hole 31a. However, when the battery device experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature spray valve material causes the ambient temperature at the second through hole 31a to rise sharply. Then, the metal memory deformation member deforms after being heated, so that the second through hole 31a can be transformed from a blocked state to a connected state.

[0063] Here, the connecting portion 331a is the portion that securely connects the metal memory deformable element to the base 31 and is the portion of the metal memory deformable element that does not deform or undergoes minimal deformation after being heated. The deformation blocking portion 332a is the portion of the metal memory deformable element that directly interacts with the second through hole 31a to block the second through hole 31a. The deformation blocking portion 332a should be compatible with the shape of the second through hole 31a. For example, if the second through hole 31a is circular, the projection of the deformation blocking portion 332a in the height direction of the base 31 should also be circular, and this projection should completely cover the circular hole. Of course, the second through hole 31a can also be of other shapes, as long as the projection of the deformation blocking portion 332a on it completely covers it.

[0064] For example, the connecting portion 331a is fixedly connected to the base 31 by fasteners such as screws and pins, and the deformable sealing portion 332a is sealed in the second through hole 31a in the form of a cover by extending into the through hole at room temperature; when thermal runaway occurs in the box 10 of the battery device and a spray valve occurs at the first through hole 10b, the high-temperature spray valve material causes the ambient temperature at the second through hole 31a to rise sharply, and the deformable sealing portion 332a protrudes in the direction away from the box 10 due to the heat, and the deformable sealing portion 332a gradually comes out of the second through hole 31a until the second through hole 31a is in a connected state, that is, the spray valve material can be sprayed to the outside from the second through hole 31a.

[0065] In this way, the metal memory deformable member is a shape memory alloy that deforms when heated. Specifically, the connecting portion 331a is fixedly connected to the bottom, and the deformable sealing portion 332a seals the second through hole 31a. Furthermore, the deformable sealing portion 332a deforms when heated, releasing the seal on the second through hole 31a and allowing the second through hole 31a to communicate with the outside. Furthermore, the metal memory deformable member is directly processed into a sealing structure for sealing the second through hole 31a. Compared to traditional designs that rely on weak areas in the shape memory alloy to open the valve, this metal memory deformable member requires lower machining precision, simplifies the manufacturing process, and reduces costs to a certain extent.

[0066] In the battery device provided in the embodiment of the present application, in the initial state, the pressure relief member 33 blocks the second through hole 31a to achieve the sealing requirement of the battery device under normal use. When the battery cell assembly experiences thermal runaway in the accommodating space 10a of the box body 10, the valve spray material is released from the first through hole 10b, and is discharged to the outside from the second through hole 31a under the directional pressure relief action of the pressure relief mechanism 30. Specifically, the valve spray material is usually accompanied by high temperature, and the pressure relief member 33 is more sensitive to temperature changes. That is, the pressure relief member 33 will protrude away from the box body 10 when heated, and the pressure relief member 33 will change from blocking the second through hole 31a in the initial state to unblocking the second through hole 31a, and the valve spray material can be sprayed to the outside from the second through hole 31a. The pressure relief member 33 comprises a metal memory deformable member, which includes a connecting portion 331a connected to the base 31 and a deformable sealing portion 332a connected to the connecting portion 331a. The deformable sealing portion 332a seals the second through hole 31a and, when heated, protrudes away from the housing 10 to unseal the second through hole 31a. In the battery device provided herein, the pressure relief member 33 of the pressure relief mechanism 30 employs a direct sealing method and, when heated, protrudes away from the housing 10 to achieve pressure relief. This reduces the machining precision requirements for the pressure relief mechanism 30 and, by employing abutment sealing, increases reliability.

[0067] In some embodiments, the metal memory deformable element is a thermosensitive memory deformable metal, and the thermosensitive memory deformable metal includes any one of a Ni-Ti based shape memory alloy, a Cu based shape memory alloy, a Ni-Mn based shape memory alloy, and a Fe based shape memory alloy.

[0068] Understandably, the metal memory deformable element is made of a thermal memory deformable metal. For example, at room temperature, the metal memory deformable element maintains its current shape and structure and blocks the second through hole 31a. However, if thermal runaway occurs in the battery device, the spray material spreads to the pressure relief mechanism 30, rapidly raising the ambient temperature at the pressure relief mechanism 30. Furthermore, when the ambient temperature exceeds the deformation temperature threshold of the metal memory deformable element, the metal memory deformable element deforms, primarily by causing the deformed blocking portion of the metal memory deformable element to bulge away from the housing, thereby unblocking the second through hole 31a.

[0069] For example, the metal memory deformable element may be a Ni-Ti-based shape memory alloy, a Cu-based shape memory alloy, a Ni-Mn-based shape memory alloy, an Fe-based shape memory alloy, etc. For example, the metal memory deformable element may be a Ni-Ti alloy, and its phase transition temperature may be controlled by adjusting the Ni / Ti ratio or adding a third metal element (Cu, Fe). Alternatively, the metal memory deformable element may be a Cu-Zn-Al alloy or a Cu-Al-Ni alloy. Alternatively, the metal memory deformable element may be a Ni-Mn-Ga alloy, a Ni-Mn-In alloy, or a Ni-Mn-Sn alloy. The metal memory deformable element may be a Fe-Mn-Si alloy, a Fe-Pd alloy, or a Fe-Ni-Co-Ti alloy.

[0070] Among them, taking Cu-based shape memory alloy as an example, the metal memory deformable part can be made of Cu-Zn-Al-Ni alloy, and the phase transition temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the mass ratio of Zn, Al, and Ni. The phase transition temperature of Cu-Zn-Al-Ni alloy is between 80-120°C, that is, when the temperature exceeds 80°C, the metal memory deformable part begins to deform. Under normal conditions, the surface temperature of the battery device casing should not exceed 60°C. In the thermal runaway state, the battery device casing heats up rapidly to meet the temperature requirements for the metal memory deformable part to deform.

[0071] Here, the metal memory deformation part includes a connecting portion and a deformation blocking portion. Then, only the deformation blocking portion may be made of a thermosensitive memory deformation metal; or, both the connecting portion and the deformation blocking portion may be made of a thermosensitive memory deformation metal.

[0072] In this way, the characteristic of the thermo-sensitive memory deformation metal that it is easily deformed by the influence of the heat temperature is utilized to realize that the metal memory deformation part is heated to meet the requirement of opening the valve.

[0073] In some embodiments, in the blocked state, the deformed blocking portion 332a protrudes toward the box body 10 and blocks the second through hole 31a; in the unblocked state, the deformed blocking portion 332a protrudes away from the box body 10 and unblocks the second through hole 31a.

[0074] The deformation-sealing portion 332a of the metal memory deformable element has two operating states. At room temperature, the deformation-sealing portion 332a protrudes toward the housing 10 and seals the second through-hole 31a. In this state, the deformation-sealing portion 332a is in the sealed state. If the battery device experiences thermal runaway, causing the ambient temperature of the pressure relief mechanism 30 to rise sharply, the deformation-sealing portion 332a, heated, protrudes away from the housing 10 and unseals the second through-hole 31a. In this state, the deformation-sealing portion 332a is in the unsealed state. That is, in the blocked state, the deformed blocking portion 332a is a basin-like structure, protruding toward the box body 10, and the surface of the deformed blocking portion 332a abuts against the base 31, thereby blocking the second through hole 31a; while in the unblocked state, the deformed blocking portion 332a protrudes in the direction away from the box body 10, and a gap is gradually formed between the surface of the deformed blocking portion 332a and the base 31, so that the second through hole 31a is also gradually unblocked.

[0075] In this way, the deformation blocking portion 332a is the part of the metal memory deformation part with deformation memory. When in the blocked state, the deformation blocking portion 332a maintains shape stability and can block the second through hole 31a; when in the unblocked state, the deformation blocking portion 332a is deformed due to heat and protrudes away from the box body 10, thereby releasing the blockage of the second through hole 31a, that is, the accommodating cavity of the box body 10 is connected to the outside through the first through hole 10b and the second through hole 31a to meet the pressure relief requirements.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, a first sealing member 34 is provided on the base 31 . The first sealing member 34 is arranged around the second through hole 31 a . In the blocking state, the deformed blocking portion 332 a abuts against the first sealing member 34 .

[0077] It is understandable that the first sealing member 34 is used to increase the airtightness between the deformable sealing portion 332 a and the base 31 , thereby improving the airtightness at the second through hole 31 a . Furthermore, the deformable sealing portion 332 a directly abuts against the first sealing member 34 .

[0078] In this way, the first sealing member 34 is used to further improve the sealing performance of the deformation sealing portion 332a on the second through hole 31a, thereby improving the reliability of the metal memory deformation member in sealing the second through hole 31a, and extending the service life of the pressure relief mechanism 30.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6In some embodiments, the base 31 is provided with a first step surface 31b and a second step surface 31c having a height difference with the first step surface 31b, the connecting portion 331a is connected to the first step surface 31b, the second step surface 31c is provided with a groove structure 31d for accommodating the first sealing member 34, and the second through hole 31a is opened on the second step surface 31c; in the blocked state, the protrusion amplitude of the deformation blocking portion 332a is greater than the height difference between the first step surface 31b and the first step surface 31b.

[0080] It can be understood that the first step surface 31b is the end surface on the base 31 used to connect with the connecting portion 331a, and the second step surface 31c is the end surface on the base 31 where the second through hole 31a is opened. At the same time, the second step surface 31c is also the end surface for the first sealing member 34 to be set. Specifically, a groove structure 31d is set on the second step surface 31c, and the first sealing member 34 is placed in the groove structure 31d.

[0081] As well as Figure 6As shown, the extension amplitude L of the deformable sealing portion 332a is the distance from the protruding apex of the deformable sealing portion 332a to the plane where the deformable sealing portion 332a connects with the connecting portion 331a. Abutting force against the first sealing member 34 is only generated when the extension amplitude L of the deformable sealing portion 332a is greater than the height difference H between the first step surface 31b and the second step surface 31c. Under normal use of the battery device, the deformable sealing portion 332a is required to be in full contact with the first sealing member 34 to meet the overall sealing requirements of the battery device. Therefore, the abutting force between the deformable sealing portion 332a and the first sealing member 34 can be adaptively varied by adjusting the thickness and material of the first sealing member 34 and / or the height difference H between the first step surface 31b and the second step surface 31c. For a metal memory deformer with a fixed shape and material, the protrusion amplitude L of the deformation sealing portion 332a relative to the connecting portion 331a should be fixed. Therefore, the abutment force between the deformation sealing portion 332a and the first sealing member 34 can be changed by starting with the first sealing member 34 itself and the height difference H between the first step surface 31b and the second step surface 31c. Among them, the first seal 34 is usually a rubber part, and there is a linear relationship between its elastic deformation and the corresponding abutment force. For example, the thickness of the first seal 34 is A. When the first seal 34 is compressed to two-thirds of the original thickness along its own thickness direction, the measured abutment force is B. By increasing the thickness of the first seal 34 to 2A, when the thickness is also compressed to two-thirds, the measured abutment force is k1B, where k1 is a coefficient; and, the thickness of the first seal 34 can also be maintained at A. When the first seal 34 is compressed to one-third of the original thickness along its own thickness direction, the measured abutment force is k2B, where k2 is a coefficient. In this way, when the height difference H between the first step surface 31b and the second step surface 31c is a constant value, the abutting force between the deformation sealing portion 332a and the first sealing portion 34 can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the first sealing portion 34; or, when the thickness of the first sealing portion 34 is customized, the abutting force between the deformation sealing portion 332a and the first sealing portion 34 can be adjusted by adjusting the height difference H between the first step surface 31b and the second step surface 31c.

[0082] In this way, the deformation amplitude of the deformation blocking portion 332a should be greater than the height difference between the first step surface 31b and the first step surface 31b, and the sealing reliability of the metal memory deformation component can also be adjusted by adjusting the degree of compression of the deformation blocking portion 332a on the first sealing component 34.

[0083] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6In some embodiments, the base 31 includes a base body 311 and a plurality of bosses 312 provided on the base body 311. Each boss 312 is arranged around the center line of the base body 311, and at least one group of two adjacent bosses 312 are arranged at intervals. In addition, each boss 312 has a first step surface 31b, and the base body 311 has a second step surface 31c.

[0084] It can be understood that the bosses 312 are structures that protrude from the surface of the base 311, thereby creating a height difference between the bosses 312 and the surface of the base 311. Specifically, the bosses 312 have a first stepped surface 31b, and the connection portion 331a of the metal memory deformation element is fixedly connected to the first stepped surface 31b of the bosses 312. Furthermore, the gap formed by the spacing between two adjacent bosses 312 is used to provide a directional spray valve in the event of thermal runaway of the battery device. Specifically, the spray material is ejected from the second through-hole 31a and then discharged to the outside through the gap between the two adjacent bosses 312. Furthermore, the second stepped surface 31c can be the end surface of the base 311 where the bosses 312 are located, or it can be the end surface of the base 311 that is just below the first stepped surface 31b.

[0085] For example, the bosses 312 are arranged around the center line of the base 311 at equal intervals, so that a pressure relief gap is formed between any two adjacent bosses 312 .

[0086] In this way, two adjacent bosses 312 are spaced apart to form a pressure relief channel, so that the sprayed material can be discharged through the second through hole 31 a and then discharged to the outside through the pressure relief channel.

[0087] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism 30 includes a cover plate 32 , which is disposed on the base 311 and abuts against the first step surface 31 b of each boss 312 .

[0088] It can be understood that the cover plate 32 plays a corresponding protective role to reduce the probability of the pressure relief member 33 being directly opened due to the influence of external factors.

[0089] In addition, the cover plate 32 should have a cover plate portion and a protruding portion enclosed by the cover plate portion, wherein the cover plate portion covers the pressure relief member 33 to achieve the purpose of protection, that is, the cover plate portion should be able to cover the connecting portion 331a and the deformation blocking portion 332a. At the same time, the protruding portion is used to connect with the base 31, and a plurality of spaced-apart bosses 312 are formed on the base body 311 of the base 31. Then, the edge side portions of the protruding portion in the protruding direction should be staggered in height to adapt to the bosses 312 protruding on the base body 311.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6In some embodiments, a rib 313 for surrounding the cover plate 32 is provided on the base body 311 , and the inner wall of the rib 313 is inclined outward.

[0091] It is understandable that the rib 313 provides a certain degree of enclosure and protection for the cover plate 32. Furthermore, the pressure relief mechanism 30 is typically disposed on the side wall of the housing 10, that is, the pressure relief mechanism 30 is disposed vertically. Therefore, the outwardly inclined inner wall of the rib 313 is not conducive to forming a water storage space at the connection between the base 311 and the rib 313. In other words, external water can flow out along the inner wall of the rib 313, rather than gathering at the connection between the base 311 and the rib 313.

[0092] Here, the inner wall of the rib 313 being inclined outward means that the inner wall of the rib 313 is inclined in a direction away from the cover plate 32 .

[0093] In this way, the blocking edge 313 arranged obliquely on the inner wall is used to reduce the probability of water accumulation at the connection between the seat body 311 and the cover plate 32 .

[0094] Please refer to Figure 5 In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism 30 includes a second sealing member 35 , which is disposed between the base 31 and the outer wall of the box body 10 .

[0095] It is understandable that there is also a gap between the base 31 and the outer wall of the box body 10. Therefore, the second sealing member 35 can improve the sealing performance of the connection between the base 31 and the outer wall of the box body 10. Here, the second sealing member 35 should be arranged around the periphery of the first through hole 10b.

[0096] Please refer to Figures 4 to 7 In a specific embodiment, the present application provides a battery device including a battery cell assembly, a box 10 and a pressure relief mechanism 30 .

[0097] Among them, the battery cell assembly includes a plurality of battery cells arranged in parallel; the box body 10 has an accommodating space 10a for accommodating the battery cell group; a first through hole 10b connected to the accommodating space 10a is provided on the outer wall of the box body 10, and the pressure relief mechanism 30 is provided at the first through hole 10b. The pressure relief mechanism 30 includes a base 31 provided on the box body 10, a pressure relief member 33 and a cover plate 32 provided on the base 31 and covering the pressure relief member 33. A second through hole 31a arranged opposite to the first through hole 10b is provided on the base 31. The pressure relief member 33 blocks the second through hole 31a, and the pressure relief member 33 protrudes in a direction away from the box body 10 when heated, so that the second through hole 31a is connected to the outside.

[0098] The pressure relief member 33 comprises a metal memory deformable member, comprising a connecting portion 331a connected to the base 31 and a deformable sealing portion 332a connected to the connecting portion 331a. The deformable sealing portion 332a seals the second through hole 31a and, when heated, protrudes away from the housing 10, thereby connecting the second through hole 31a to the outside. A first sealing member 34 is provided on the base 31, surrounding the second through hole 31a. In the sealed state, the deformable sealing portion 332a abuts the first sealing member 34. The base 31 has a first stepped surface 31b and a second stepped surface 31c with a height difference from the first stepped surface 31b. A connecting portion 331a is connected to the first stepped surface 31b. The second stepped surface 31c has a groove structure 31d for accommodating the first sealing member 34. A second through-hole 31a is also formed in the second stepped surface 31c. In the sealed state, the extension amplitude L of the deformable sealing portion 332a is greater than the height difference H between the first stepped surface 31b and the second stepped surface 31b. The base 31 includes a base 311 and a plurality of bosses 312 disposed on the base 311. Each boss 312 is arranged in a circular pattern around the centerline of the base 311, with at least one pair of adjacent bosses 312 spaced apart. Each boss 312 has a first stepped surface 31b. The cover 32 is disposed on the base 311 and abuts the first stepped surface 31b of each boss 312. The base 311 is provided with a rib 313 for surrounding the cover 32 , and the inner wall of the rib 313 is inclined. A second sealing member 35 is provided between the base 31 and the outer wall of the box body 10 .

[0099] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that: include: A battery cell assembly, the battery cell assembly comprising a plurality of battery cells arranged in parallel; a box body having a housing space for housing the battery cell group; A pressure relief mechanism, wherein a first through hole connected to the accommodating space is provided on the outer wall of the box body, and the pressure relief mechanism is provided at the first through hole. The pressure relief mechanism includes a base and a pressure relief member provided on the box body, and a second through hole arranged opposite to the first through hole is provided on the base, and the pressure relief member is sealed in the second through hole; the pressure relief member includes a metal memory deformation member, and the metal memory deformation member includes a connecting portion connected to the base and a deformation blocking portion connected to the connecting portion, and the deformation blocking portion blocks the second through hole, and the deformation blocking portion protrudes in a direction away from the box body when heated to unseal the second through hole.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, wherein: The metal memory deformation member is a thermosensitive memory deformation metal, and the thermosensitive memory deformation metal includes any one of a Ni-Ti based shape memory alloy, a Cu based shape memory alloy, a Ni-Mn based shape memory alloy, and a Fe based shape memory alloy.

3. The battery device according to claim 1, wherein: In the blocking state, the deformable blocking portion protrudes toward the box body and blocks the second through hole; In the unsealed state, the deformable sealing portion protrudes away from the box body and is unsealed at the second through hole.

4. The battery device according to claim 1, wherein: A first sealing member is provided on the base, and the first sealing member is arranged around the second through hole. In a blocking state, the deformable blocking portion abuts against the first sealing member.

5. The battery device according to claim 4, characterized in that The base is provided with a first step surface and a second step surface having a height difference with the first step surface, the connecting portion is connected to the first step surface, the second step surface is provided with a groove structure for accommodating the first sealing member, and the second step surface is provided with the second through hole; In the blocking state, the protrusion amplitude of the deformable blocking portion is greater than the height difference between the first step surfaces.

6. The battery device according to claim 5, characterized in that The base includes a base body and a plurality of bosses arranged on the base body, each of the bosses is arranged around the center line of the base body, at least one group of two adjacent bosses are arranged at intervals, and each of the bosses has the first step surface, and the base body has the second step surface.

7. The battery device according to claim 6, characterized in that The pressure relief mechanism includes a cover plate, which is arranged on the base and abuts against the first step surface of each of the bosses.

8. The battery device according to claim 7, characterized in that The seat body is provided with a retaining edge for surrounding the cover plate, and the inner wall of the retaining edge is arranged to be inclined outward.

9. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The pressure relief mechanism includes a second sealing member, which is arranged between the base and the outer wall of the box body.

10. An electrical device, characterized in that: Comprising the battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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