Battery devices and electrical equipment

Abstract

This application relates to the field of battery technology, providing a battery device and electrical equipment. The battery device includes a battery cell assembly, a housing, and a pressure relief mechanism. The outer wall of the housing has a first through hole communicating with a accommodating space. The pressure relief mechanism is located at the first through hole and includes a base on the housing and a pressure relief component. The base has a second through hole opposite to the first through hole. The pressure relief component seals the second through hole and includes a metal memory deformation member. The metal memory deformation member includes a connecting portion and a deformation sealing portion. The deformation sealing portion seals the second through hole, and when heated, it protrudes away from the housing to release the second through hole. The battery device provided in this application uses a direct sealing method for its pressure relief mechanism, protruding away from the housing when heated to achieve pressure relief. This pressure relief mechanism has lower processing precision requirements and uses a contact sealing method, resulting in higher reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery device and an electrical appliance. Background Technology

[0002] Battery devices are widely used in vehicles to provide them with electric power. Moreover, to meet the high power demands of vehicles, battery devices are generally used as the power source for vehicles.

[0003] In related technologies, to reduce the hazards of thermal runaway in battery devices, a pressure relief mechanism is usually installed on the battery device casing to achieve directional pressure relief. Currently, the pressure relief principle of the pressure relief mechanism is based on the deformation of shape memory alloys after being heated, which tears the weak areas of the pressure relief mechanism, thereby forming an exhaust port for pressure relief.

[0004] However, this pressure relief method requires high processing precision. Specifically, the processing precision of the weak area must be precisely matched with the force generated by the thermal deformation of the shape memory alloy to ensure effective tearing and the formation of a pressure relief port. If the strength of the weak area is too high, it may be unable to tear, thus affecting the pressure relief effect; while if the strength is too low, it will cause reliability problems during normal use, such as airtightness failure and water leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a battery device and electrical equipment, which aims to solve the problems of high machining accuracy requirements and relatively low reliability of the pressure relief mechanism in the battery device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery device, including:

[0008] A battery cell assembly, the battery cell assembly comprising a plurality of battery cells arranged in parallel;

[0009] The housing has a space for accommodating the battery cell pack;

[0010] The pressure relief mechanism is provided in the outer wall of the housing, which has a first through hole communicating with the accommodating space. The pressure relief mechanism is located at the first through hole. The pressure relief mechanism includes a base and a pressure relief component on the housing. The base has a second through hole opposite to the first through hole. The pressure relief component is sealed in the second through hole.

[0011] The pressure relief component includes a metal memory deformation component, which includes a connecting portion connected to the base and a deformation sealing portion connected to the connecting portion. The deformation sealing portion seals the second through hole, and when heated, the deformation sealing portion protrudes in a direction away from the housing to release the second through hole.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows: In the initial state, the pressure relief component of the battery device provided in this application seals the second through hole to meet the sealing requirements under normal use of the battery device. When the battery cell assembly experiences thermal runaway in the housing space, the sprayed material is discharged from the first through hole. Furthermore, under the directional pressure relief action of the pressure relief mechanism, it is discharged to the outside from the second through hole. Specifically, the sprayed material is usually accompanied by high temperature, and the pressure relief component is relatively sensitive to temperature changes. That is, when the pressure relief component is heated, it will protrude in the direction away from the housing, changing the initial state of the pressure relief component sealing the second through hole to the pressure relief component unsealing the second through hole, and the sprayed material can be sprayed to the outside from the second through hole. The pressure relief component includes a metal memory deformation element, which is a shape memory alloy. When heated, the shape memory alloy deforms. Specifically, the connecting part is fixedly connected to the bottom, and the deformation-sealing part seals the second through hole. Furthermore, the deformation-sealing part deforms when heated, releasing the seal on the second through hole to allow it to connect to the outside. The battery device provided in this application uses a direct sealing method for its pressure relief mechanism, and protrudes away from the casing when heated to meet the pressure relief requirement. This reduces the precision requirements for the processing of the pressure relief mechanism, and the use of abutment sealing also increases its reliability.

[0013] In some embodiments, the metal shape memory element is a thermosensitive shape memory metal, which includes any one of Ni-Ti based shape memory alloys, Cu based shape memory alloys, Ni-Mn based shape memory alloys, and Fe based shape memory alloys.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the characteristic of thermosensitive shape memory metal that is easily deformed by the temperature of heating is utilized to realize that the metal shape memory component meets the valve opening requirement when heated.

[0015] In some embodiments, in the blocked state, the deformable blocking part protrudes toward the housing and blocks the second through hole;

[0016] In the unsealed state, the deformable sealing part protrudes in a direction away from the box body and is unsealed in the second through hole.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the deformation sealing part is a part of the metal memory deformation component with deformation memory. In the sealing state, the deformation sealing part maintains shape stability and can seal the second through hole. In the unsealing state, the deformation sealing part deforms due to heat and protrudes away from the box body, thereby releasing the seal on the second through hole. That is, the accommodating cavity of the box body is connected to the outside through the first through hole and the second through hole to meet the pressure relief requirements.

[0018] In some embodiments, the base is provided with a first sealing element, which is disposed around the second through hole. In the blocked state, the deformable blocking part abuts against the first sealing element.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing performance of the deformation sealing part on the second through hole is further improved by using the first sealing element, thereby improving the reliability of the metal memory deformation element in sealing the second through hole.

[0020] In some embodiments, the base is provided with a first stepped surface and a second stepped surface that has a height difference from the first stepped surface, the connecting part is connected to the first stepped surface, the second stepped surface is provided with a groove structure for accommodating the first sealing element, and the second stepped surface is provided with a second through hole.

[0021] In the blocked state, the protrusion of the deformed blocking part is greater than the height difference between the first step surface and the first step surface.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the deformation range of the deformation sealing part should be greater than the height difference between the first step surface and the first step surface. Furthermore, the sealing reliability of the metal memory deformation part can be adjusted by adjusting the degree of compression of the deformation sealing part on the first sealing element.

[0023] In some embodiments, the base includes a seat body and a plurality of protrusions disposed on the seat body. Each protrusion is arranged in a ring around the center line of the seat body. At least one set of two adjacent protrusions are spaced apart. Furthermore, each protrusion has a first stepped surface, and the seat body has a second stepped surface.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, two adjacent bosses are spaced apart to form a pressure relief channel, so that the spray valve material can be discharged through the second through hole and then discharged to the outside through the pressure relief channel.

[0025] In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism includes a cover plate disposed on the base and abutting against the first stepped surface of each of the bosses.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the pressure relief component is protected by a cover plate, reducing the damage to the pressure relief component caused by external forces or objects.

[0027] In some embodiments, the base is provided with a retaining edge for surrounding the cover plate, the inner wall of the retaining edge being inclined outward.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the obstruction set on the inclined inner wall is used to reduce the probability of water accumulation at the connection between the seat and the cover plate.

[0029] In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism includes a second seal disposed between the base and the outer wall of the housing.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing performance at the connection between the base and the outer wall of the box is improved by using the second sealing element.

[0031] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device, including the battery device described above.

[0032] It is understood that the beneficial effects of the second aspect mentioned above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrical equipment provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 3 An exploded view of a single battery cell provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 4 Exploded view of the battery device housing and pressure relief mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 5 An exploded view of the pressure relief mechanism of the battery device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the pressure relief mechanism of the battery device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0040] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the pressure relief component of the pressure relief mechanism of the battery device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0041] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0042] 1000, vehicle; 200, controller; 300, motor;

[0043] 100. Battery assembly; 10. Housing; 11. First housing; 12. Second housing; 10a. Accommodation space; 20. Battery cell; 10b. First through hole;

[0044] 30. Pressure relief mechanism; 31. Base; 32. Cover plate; 33. Pressure relief component; 31a. Second through hole; 331a. Connecting part; 332a. Deformation sealing part; 34. First sealing component; 311. Seat body; 312. Boss; 31b. First stepped surface; 31c. Second stepped surface; 31d. Groove structure; 35. Second sealing component. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0047] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0048] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] In related technologies, a battery device includes a housing and battery cell assemblies housed within the housing. To enable directional pressure relief in the event of thermal runaway, a pressure relief mechanism is typically installed on the outer wall of the housing. This pressure relief mechanism corresponds to a pressure relief channel within the housing.

[0050] However, current pressure relief mechanisms rely on the deformation of shape memory alloys upon heating, which tears apart weak areas of the mechanism to create vents for pressure release. This method requires high precision in machining; specifically, the machining precision of the weak areas must precisely match the force generated by the thermal deformation of the shape memory alloy to ensure effective tearing and vent formation. If the strength of the weak areas is too high, tearing may fail, affecting the pressure relief effect; conversely, if the strength is too low, reliability issues such as airtightness failure and leakage may occur during normal use.

[0051] In view of this, this application provides a battery device, whose pressure relief mechanism on the outer wall of the casing includes a base and a pressure relief component. The pressure relief component is a structural component that deforms when heated. Specifically, in the initial state, the pressure relief component seals the second through hole on the base to meet the sealing requirements under normal use of the battery device; in the unsealed state, the pressure relief component protrudes away from the casing due to heat, thereby releasing the seal on the second through hole. Then, the pressure relief material inside the casing flows to the outside through the first and second through holes, thereby achieving directional pressure relief.

[0052] The battery cells disclosed in this application can be used in electrical devices that use battery devices as a power source or in various energy storage systems that use battery devices as energy storage elements. Electrical devices can be, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0053] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of this application. The vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery device 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery device 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery device 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0055] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a battery device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery device 100 mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. The battery cell assembly may include a plurality of battery cells 20, which are connected in series, parallel, or mixed connection via a busbar.

[0057] In some embodiments, the battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging a plurality of battery cells 20.

[0058] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells 20 into a single module. As an example, the battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells 20 together with cable ties.

[0059] In some embodiments, the battery device 100 may be a battery pack, which includes a housing 10 and one or more battery cell assemblies housed in the housing 10.

[0060] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module, and the battery cell assembly can be housed in the housing 10 by fixing the battery module in the housing 10.

[0061] As an example, the battery cell assembly can also be housed in the housing 10 by directly fixing multiple battery cells 20 to the housing 10.

[0062] As an example, the housing 10 may include a first housing 11 and a second housing 12. The first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are fastened together to form a closed space inside the housing 10 to house the battery cell assembly. Here, "closed" refers to covering or closing, and can be either sealed or unsealed. The first housing 11 may be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0063] As an example, the housing 10 may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and the bottom plate are respectively connected to the frame, so that the interior of the housing 10 forms an enclosed space to accommodate the battery cell assembly.

[0064] In some embodiments, the housing 10 may be part of the chassis structure of the vehicle 1000. For example, a portion of the housing 10 may be at least a portion of the floor of the vehicle 1000, or a portion of the housing 10 may be at least a portion of the crossbeams and longitudinal beams of the vehicle 1000.

[0065] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are applicable to various electrical devices that use battery cells 20, such as mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, electric vehicles, electric toys, power tools, vehicles, ships and spacecraft, etc. For example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft.

[0066] In this embodiment of the application, the battery cell 20 can be a secondary battery, which refers to a battery cell 20 that can be used again after the battery cell has been discharged by recharging to activate the active materials.

[0067] The battery cell 20 can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of this application. A battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit constituting a battery device 100; multiple battery cells 20 arranged side-by-side form a battery cell assembly. For example... Figure 3 The battery cell 20 includes an end cap 21, a housing 22, an electrode assembly 23, and other functional components.

[0069] End cap 21 refers to a component that covers the opening of housing 22 to isolate the internal environment of battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of housing 22 to fit it. Optionally, end cap 21 can be made of a material with certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that end cap 21 is not easily deformed under pressure and impact, giving battery cell 20 higher structural strength and improved reliability. Functional components such as electrode terminals can be provided on end cap 21. Electrode terminals can be used for electrical connection with electrode assembly 23 for outputting or inputting electrical energy to battery cell 20. In some embodiments, end cap 21 can also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of battery cell 20 reaches a threshold. The material of end cap 21 can also be various, such as, but not limited to, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc. In some embodiments, an insulating element may be provided on the inner side of the end cap 21. The insulating element can be used to isolate the electrical connection components within the housing 22 from the end cap 21 to reduce the risk of short circuits. For example, the insulating element may be made of plastic, rubber, etc.

[0070] The housing 22 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. This internal environment can accommodate the electrode assembly 23, electrolyte, and other components. The housing 22 and the end cap 21 can be independent components. An opening can be provided on the housing 22, and the end cap 21 closes the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. Alternatively, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can form a common connecting surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When it is necessary to encapsulate the interior of the housing 22, the end cap 21 closes the housing 22. The housing 22 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylindrical, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 22 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23. The housing 22 can be made of various materials, such as, but not limited to, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc.

[0071] Electrode assembly 23 is the component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur. The casing 22 may contain one or more electrode assemblies 23. The electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode sheets, and typically a separator is provided between the positive and negative electrode sheets. The portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets containing active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 23, while the portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets without active material each constitute a tab. The positive and negative tabs may be located together at one end of the main body or separately at both ends of the main body. During the charging and discharging process of the battery, the positive and negative active materials react with the electrolyte, and the tabs connect to the electrode terminals to form a current loop.

[0072] Please refer to Figures 4 to 7 The battery device 100 provided in this application embodiment includes a battery cell assembly, a housing 10, and a pressure relief mechanism 30.

[0073] The battery cell assembly includes multiple battery cells 20 arranged in parallel; the housing 10 has a housing space 10a for accommodating the battery cell assembly; the outer wall of the housing 10 is provided with a first through hole 10b communicating with the housing space 10a; a pressure relief mechanism 30 is provided at the first through hole 10b; the pressure relief mechanism 30 includes a base 31 and a pressure relief component 33 provided on the housing 10; the base 31 is provided with a second through hole 31a opposite to the first through hole 10b; the pressure relief component 33 is sealed in the second through hole 31a; the pressure relief component 33 includes a metal memory deformation component; the metal memory deformation component includes a connecting part 331a connected to the base 31 and a deformation sealing part 332a connected to the connecting part 331a; the deformation sealing part 332a is sealed in the second through hole 31a; and the deformation sealing part 332a protrudes away from the housing 10 when heated to release the second through hole 31a.

[0074] Understandably, the pressure relief mechanism 30 is a mechanism used to directionally relieve pressure in the event of thermal runaway of the battery device. Typically, the pressure relief mechanism 30 can be an explosion-proof valve, a pressure relief valve, or a structure formed on the housing 10 with relatively weak structural strength.

[0075] The pressure relief mechanism 30 in this embodiment is similar to an explosion-proof valve. The pressure relief mechanism 30 includes a base 31 and a pressure relief component 33. The base 31 is the main body of the pressure relief mechanism 30 and is used to connect to the outer wall of the housing 10. The second through hole 31a on the base 31 must correspond to the first through hole 10b on the housing 10. The pressure relief component 33 has two functions: during normal use of the battery device, it seals the second through hole 31a to meet the sealing requirements of the battery device; and when the battery device experiences thermal runaway, the pressure relief component 33 can open the second through hole 31a to meet the requirements of the directional pressure relief valve of the battery device. Here, the pressure relief component 33 is a heat-sensitive structural component. At room temperature, the pressure relief component 33 maintains its shape and seals the second through hole 31a to meet the sealing requirements. However, when the external temperature exceeds the deformation temperature threshold of the pressure relief component 33, the pressure relief component 33 deforms to release the seal on the second through hole, thus changing the originally sealed second through hole 31a to an unsealed state. Here, the unsealing of the second through hole 31a by the pressure relief component 33 means that the pressure relief component 33 is in a non-sealed state in space, that is, the pressure relief component 33 should at least be partially detached from the second through hole 31a, so that the leakage material from the battery device during thermal runaway can be released to the outside through the second through hole 31a.

[0076] For example, the pressure relief component 33 can be a shape-memory metal structure that seals the second through-hole 31a at room temperature. However, when thermal runaway occurs inside the battery housing 10, the ejected material is discharged from the first through-hole 10b. When the high-temperature ejected material impacts the pressure relief component 33, the component deforms due to heat, causing the second through-hole 31a to change from a sealed state to an unsealed state. In this case, the pressure relief component 33 directly seals the second through-hole 31a.

[0077] For example, the pressure relief component 33 may also consist of two parts: a sealing component and a puncture component. The sealing component seals the second through hole 31a to meet the sealing requirements of the battery device during normal use. The puncture component is also a metal structural component with shape memory that is affected by temperature. Similarly, the metal structural component maintains the corresponding structural shape at room temperature and keeps a safe distance from the sealing component. However, when thermal runaway occurs in the housing 10 of the battery device, the ejector material is discharged from the first through hole 10b. When the high-temperature ejector material impacts the puncture component, the puncture component deforms due to heat, moves toward the sealing component, and forms a puncture action. Finally, the second through hole 31a changes from a sealed state to a connected state.

[0078] Metal memory deformation components are structural components that are affected by temperature and undergo shape changes when the ambient temperature changes significantly. For example, at room temperature, the metal memory deformation component maintains its specific structural shape to block the second through hole 31a. However, when the battery device experiences thermal runaway, the high temperature of the ejector valve causes the ambient temperature at the second through hole 31a to rise sharply. In this case, the metal memory deformation component deforms after being heated, so that the second through hole 31a changes from a blocked state to a connected state.

[0079] Here, the connecting part 331a is the part that is fixedly connected to the base 31, and it is also the part of the metal memory deformation component that does not deform or deforms only slightly after being heated; the deformation sealing part 332a is the part of the metal memory deformation component that directly interacts with the second through hole 31a to seal the second through hole 31a. The deformation sealing part 332a should be adapted to the shape of the second through hole 31a. For example, when the second through hole 31a is a circular hole, the projection of the deformation sealing part 332a in the height direction of the base 31 should also be circular, and this projection should completely cover the circular hole. Of course, the second through hole 31a can also be other shapes, as long as the projection of the deformation sealing part 332a on it can completely cover it.

[0080] For example, the connecting part 331a is fixedly connected to the base 31 by fasteners such as screws and pins. The deformation sealing part 332a, under normal temperature conditions, extends into the through hole and seals the second through hole 31a in the form of a cover. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery housing 10 and a valve is ejected at the first through hole 10b, the high temperature of the valve causes the ambient temperature at the second through hole 31a to rise sharply. The deformation sealing part 332a, when heated, protrudes in the direction away from the housing 10 and gradually comes out of the second through hole 31a until the second through hole 31a is in a connected state, that is, the valve can be ejected from the second through hole 31a to the outside.

[0081] Thus, the metal memory deformation component is a shape memory alloy. When heated, the shape memory alloy deforms. Specifically, the connecting part 331a is fixedly connected to the bottom, and the deformation sealing part 332a seals the second through hole 31a. Furthermore, the deformation sealing part 332a deforms when heated, releasing the seal on the second through hole 31a, thereby enabling the second through hole 31a to connect with the outside. Simultaneously, by directly machining the metal memory deformation component into a sealing structure for sealing the second through hole 31a, compared to the traditional design that relies on weak areas in the shape memory alloy to open the valve, this type of metal memory deformation component requires lower machining precision, has a simpler manufacturing process, and reduces costs to some extent.

[0082] In the battery device provided in this application embodiment, in the initial state, the pressure relief component 33 seals the second through hole 31a to meet the sealing requirements under normal use of the battery device. When the battery cell assembly experiences thermal runaway in the accommodating space 10a of the housing 10, the sprayed material is released from the first through hole 10b, and under the directional pressure relief action of the pressure relief mechanism 30, it is discharged to the outside from the second through hole 31a. Specifically, the sprayed material is usually accompanied by high temperature, and the pressure relief component 33 is more sensitive to temperature changes. That is, when the pressure relief component 33 is heated, it will protrude in the direction away from the housing 10, changing from the initial state of the pressure relief component 33 sealing the second through hole 31a to the pressure relief component 33 unsealing the second through hole 31a, and the sprayed material can be sprayed to the outside from the second through hole 31a. The pressure relief component 33 includes a metal memory deformation component, which includes a connecting portion 331a connected to the base 31 and a deformation sealing portion 332a connected to the connecting portion 331a. The deformation sealing portion 332a seals the second through hole 31a, and when heated, the deformation sealing portion 332a protrudes in a direction away from the housing 10 to unseal the second through hole 31a. The battery device provided in this application uses a direct sealing method for its pressure relief mechanism 30, and protrudes in a direction away from the housing 10 when heated to meet the pressure relief requirements. This reduces the precision requirements for the processing of the pressure relief mechanism 30, and the use of an abutment sealing method also improves its reliability.

[0083] In some embodiments, the metal shape memory component is a thermosensitive shape memory metal, which includes any one of Ni-Ti based shape memory alloys, Cu based shape memory alloys, Ni-Mn based shape memory alloys, and Fe based shape memory alloys.

[0084] Understandably, the metal memory deformation element is made of thermosensitive memory deformation metal. For example, at room temperature, the metal memory deformation element maintains its current shape and seals the second through hole 31a. However, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery device, the ejected material spreads to the pressure relief mechanism 30, rapidly raising the ambient temperature at the pressure relief mechanism 30. When the ambient temperature exceeds the deformation temperature threshold of the metal memory deformation element, the metal memory deformation element deforms. This is mainly manifested in the deformation sealing part of the metal memory deformation element protruding away from the housing, thereby unlocking the second through hole 31a.

[0085] For example, the metal shape memory component can be a Ni-Ti based shape memory alloy, a Cu-based shape memory alloy, a Ni-Mn based shape memory alloy, an Fe-based shape memory alloy, etc. For example, the metal shape memory component can be a Ni-Ti alloy, and its phase transition temperature can be controlled by adjusting the Ni / Ti ratio or adding a third metal element (Cu, Fe); or, the metal shape memory component can be a Cu-Zn-Al alloy or a Cu-Al-Ni alloy; or, the metal shape memory component can be a Ni-Mn-Ga alloy, a Ni-Mn-In alloy, or a Ni-Mn-Sn alloy; the metal shape memory component can be an Fe-Mn-Si alloy, an Fe-Pd alloy, or an Fe-Ni-Co-Ti alloy.

[0086] Taking Cu-based shape memory alloys as an example, metallic shape memory components can be made from Cu-Zn-Al-Ni alloys, and the phase transition temperature can be adjusted by changing the mass ratio of Zn, Al, and Ni. The phase transition temperature of Cu-Zn-Al-Ni alloys is between 80-120℃, meaning that the metallic shape memory component begins to deform when the temperature exceeds 80℃. Under normal conditions, the surface temperature of the battery pack should not exceed 60℃, while under thermal runaway conditions, the battery pack rapidly heats up to meet the temperature requirements for the metallic shape memory component to deform.

[0087] Here, the metal memory deformation component includes a connecting part and a deformation sealing part. Therefore, only the deformation sealing part may be made of thermosensitive memory deformation metal; or both the connecting part and the deformation sealing part may be made of thermosensitive memory deformation metal.

[0088] In this way, by utilizing the characteristic that thermosensitive shape memory metals are prone to deformation when heated, the requirement for valve opening can be met by heating the metal shape memory component.

[0089] In some embodiments, in the blocked state, the deformable blocking part 332a protrudes toward the housing 10 and blocks the second through hole 31a; in the unblocked state, the deformable blocking part 332a protrudes away from the housing 10 and is unblocked in the second through hole 31a.

[0090] Here, the deformation sealing part 332a of the metal memory deformation component has two operating states. At room temperature, the deformation sealing part 332a protrudes towards the housing 10 and seals the second through hole 31a; at this time, the deformation sealing part 332a is in a sealed state. When the battery device experiences thermal runaway, causing a rapid increase in the ambient temperature of the pressure relief mechanism 30, the deformation sealing part 332a, when heated, protrudes away from the housing 10 and is unsealed in the second through hole 31a; at this time, the deformation sealing part 332a is in an unsealed state. That is, in the blocked state, the deformable blocking part 332a has a basin-like structure and protrudes towards the box 10. The surface of the deformable blocking part 332a abuts against the base 31, thereby blocking the second through hole 31a. In the unblocked state, the deformable blocking part 332a protrudes away from the box 10, and a gap gradually forms between the surface of the deformable blocking part 332a and the base 31, so that the second through hole 31a is gradually unblocked.

[0091] Thus, the deformation sealing part 332a is a part of the metal memory deformation component with deformation memory. In the sealing state, the deformation sealing part 332a maintains shape stability and can seal the second through hole 31a. In the unsealing state, the deformation sealing part 332a deforms due to heat and protrudes in the direction away from the housing 10, thereby releasing the seal on the second through hole 31a. That is, the accommodating cavity of the housing 10 is connected to the outside through the first through hole 10b and the second through hole 31a to meet the pressure relief requirements.

[0092] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the base 31 is provided with a first sealing element 34, which surrounds the second through hole 31a. In the blocked state, the deformable blocking part 332a abuts against the first sealing element 34.

[0093] Understandably, the first seal 34 is used to increase the airtightness between the deformation sealing part 332a and the base 31, thereby improving the airtightness at the second through hole 31a. Furthermore, the deformation sealing part 332a directly abuts against the first seal 34.

[0094] Thus, the sealing performance of the deformation sealing part 332a to the second through hole 31a is further improved by using the first sealing element 34, thereby improving the reliability of the metal memory deformation element in sealing the second through hole 31a, and the service life of the pressure relief mechanism 30 is also longer.

[0095] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6In some embodiments, the base 31 is provided with a first stepped surface 31b and a second stepped surface 31c that has a height difference from the first stepped surface 31b. The connecting part 331a is connected to the first stepped surface 31b. The second stepped surface 31c is provided with a groove structure 31d for accommodating the first sealing member 34. Furthermore, the second stepped surface 31c is provided with a second through hole 31a. In the blocking state, the protrusion of the deformable blocking part 332a is greater than the height difference between the first stepped surface 31b and the first stepped surface 31b.

[0096] Understandably, the first stepped surface 31b is the end face on the base 31 used to connect with the connecting part 331a, and the second stepped surface 31c is the end face on the base 31 where the second through hole 31a is opened. At the same time, the second stepped surface 31c is also the end face for the first sealing member 34 to be installed. Specifically, a groove structure 31d is provided on the second stepped surface 31c, and the first sealing member 34 is placed in the groove structure 31d.

[0097] And, such as Figure 6As shown, the protrusion L of the deformable sealing part 332a is the distance from the protrusion apex of the deformable sealing part 332a to the plane where the deformable sealing part 332a connects with the connecting part 331a. Only when the protrusion L of the deformable sealing part 332a is greater than the height difference H between the first step surface 31b and the second step surface 31c can a contact force be formed against the first seal 34. Under normal operating conditions of the battery device, the deformable sealing part 332a and the first seal 34 should be in complete contact to meet the overall sealing requirements of the battery device. Therefore, the contact force between the deformable sealing part 332a and the first seal 34 can be adaptively changed by adjusting the thickness and material of the first seal 34, and / or by adjusting the height difference H between the first step surface 31b and the second step surface 31c. For a metal memory deformation component with a defined shape and material, the protrusion L of the deformation sealing part 332a relative to the connecting part 331a should be fixed. Therefore, the abutment force between the deformation sealing part 332a and the first sealing member 34 can be changed by the first sealing member 34 itself and the height difference H between the first step surface 31b and the second step surface 31c. The first sealing element 34 is typically a rubber component, and its elastic deformation has a linear relationship with the corresponding abutment force. For example, if the thickness of the first sealing element 34 is A, and the first sealing element 34 is compressed to two-thirds of its original thickness along its own thickness direction, the measured abutment force is B. By increasing the thickness of the first sealing element 34 to 2A, and compressing it to two-thirds of its original thickness, the measured abutment force is k1B, where k1 is a coefficient. Alternatively, if the thickness of the first sealing element 34 is kept at A, and the first sealing element 34 is compressed to one-third of its original thickness along its own thickness direction, the measured abutment force is k2B, where k2 is a coefficient. Thus, when the height difference H between the first step surface 31b and the second step surface 31c is a fixed value, the abutting force between the deformable sealing part 332a and the first sealing part 34 can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the first sealing part 34; or, when the thickness of the first sealing part 34 is custom, the abutting force between the deformable sealing part 332a and the first sealing part 34 can be adjusted by adjusting the height difference H between the first step surface 31b and the second step surface 31c.

[0098] Thus, the deformation range of the deformation sealing part 332a should be greater than the height difference between the first step surface 31b and the first step surface 31b. Furthermore, the sealing reliability of the metal memory deformation part can be adjusted by adjusting the degree of compression of the deformation sealing part 332a on the first sealing part 34.

[0099] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6In some embodiments, the base 31 includes a seat body 311 and a plurality of protrusions 312 disposed on the seat body 311. Each protrusion 312 is arranged in a ring around the center line of the seat body 311. At least one set of two adjacent protrusions 312 are spaced apart. Furthermore, each protrusion 312 has a first step surface 31b and the seat body 311 has a second step surface 31c.

[0100] Understandably, the boss 312 is a structure protruding from the surface of the base 311, thus utilizing the height difference between the boss 312 and the surface of the base 311. That is, the boss 312 has a first stepped surface 31b, and the connecting portion 331a of the metal shape memory component is fixedly connected to the first stepped surface 31b of the boss 312. Furthermore, the gap formed by the spaced interval between two adjacent bosses 312 is used for the directional spray valve in the event of thermal runaway of the battery device. That is, after the sprayed material is ejected from the second through hole 31a, it is discharged to the outside through the gap between two adjacent bosses 312. Also, the second stepped surface 31c can be the end face on the base 311 where each boss 312 is located, or it can be the end face on the base 311 that is only lower than the first stepped surface 31b.

[0101] For example, each boss 312 is arranged at equal intervals around the center line of the base 311, so that a pressure relief gap is formed between any two adjacent bosses 312.

[0102] Thus, by using two adjacent bosses 312 spaced apart to form a pressure relief channel, the spray valve material is discharged through the second through hole 31a and then discharged to the outside through the pressure relief channel.

[0103] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism 30 includes a cover plate 32, which is disposed on the seat 311 and abuts against the first step surface 31b of each boss 312.

[0104] Understandably, the cover plate 32 serves a corresponding protective function to reduce the probability that the pressure relief component 33 will open directly due to external factors.

[0105] Furthermore, the cover plate 32 should have a cover plate portion and a protruding portion surrounding the cover plate portion. The cover plate portion covers the pressure relief component 33 to achieve the purpose of protection. That is, the cover plate portion should be able to cover the connecting portion 331a and the deformation sealing portion 332a. Meanwhile, the protruding portion is used to connect with the base 31. Multiple spaced protrusions 312 are formed on the seat body 311 of the base 31. In the protruding direction, the edge of the protruding portion should be staggered to fit the protrusions 312 on the seat body 311.

[0106] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6In some embodiments, the seat 311 is provided with a flange 313 for surrounding the cover plate 32, and the inner wall of the flange 313 is inclined outward.

[0107] Understandably, the baffle 313 provides a certain degree of enclosure and protection for the cover plate 32. Furthermore, the pressure relief mechanism 30 is typically installed on the side wall of the housing 10, meaning it is vertically installed. Therefore, the outward-sloping inner wall of the baffle 313 is not conducive to the formation of a water-holding space at the connection between the seat 311 and the baffle 313. In other words, external water can flow out along the inner wall of the baffle 313 and no longer accumulate at the connection between the seat 311 and the baffle 313.

[0108] Here, the inner wall of the retaining edge 313 being inclined outward means that the inner wall of the retaining edge 313 is inclined in a direction away from the cover plate 32.

[0109] Thus, the obstruction 313, which is inclined on the inner wall, reduces the probability of water accumulation at the connection between the seat 311 and the cover plate 32.

[0110] Please refer to Figure 5 In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism 30 includes a second seal 35, which is disposed between the base 31 and the outer wall of the housing 10.

[0111] Understandably, there is also a gap between the base 31 and the outer wall of the housing 10. Therefore, the second seal 35 can improve the sealing at the connection between the base 31 and the outer wall of the housing 10. Here, the second seal 35 should be disposed around the first through hole 10b.

[0112] Please refer to Figures 4 to 7 In one specific embodiment, the present application provides a battery device including a battery cell assembly, a housing 10, and a pressure relief mechanism 30.

[0113] The battery cell assembly includes multiple battery cells arranged in parallel; the housing 10 has a housing space 10a for accommodating the battery cell assembly; the outer wall of the housing 10 is provided with a first through hole 10b communicating with the housing space 10a; a pressure relief mechanism 30 is provided at the first through hole 10b; the pressure relief mechanism 30 includes a base 31 provided on the housing 10, a pressure relief component 33, and a cover plate 32 provided on the base 31 and covering the pressure relief component 33; the base 31 is provided with a second through hole 31a opposite to the first through hole 10b; the pressure relief component 33 is sealed in the second through hole 31a; and the pressure relief component 33 protrudes away from the housing 10 when heated, so that the second through hole 31a communicates with the outside.

[0114] The pressure relief component 33 includes a metal memory deformation component, which includes a connecting portion 331a connected to the base 31 and a deformation sealing portion 332a connected to the connecting portion 331a. The deformation sealing portion 332a seals the second through hole 31a, and when heated, the deformation sealing portion 332a protrudes away from the housing 10 to connect the second through hole 31a to the outside. The base 31 is provided with a first sealing member 34, which surrounds the second through hole 31a. In the sealed state, the deformation sealing portion 332a abuts against the first sealing member 34. The base 31 has a first stepped surface 31b and a second stepped surface 31c with a height difference from the first stepped surface 31b. A connecting part 331a is connected to the first stepped surface 31b. The second stepped surface 31c has a groove structure 31d for accommodating the first sealing element 34. A second through hole 31a is also provided on the second stepped surface 31c. In the blocking state, the protrusion L of the deformation blocking part 332a is greater than the height difference H between the first stepped surface 31b and the first stepped surface 31b. The base 31 includes a seat body 311 and a plurality of bosses 312 provided on the seat body 311. Each boss 312 is arranged in a ring around the center line of the seat body 311. At least one set of two adjacent bosses 312 are spaced apart. Each boss 312 has a first stepped surface 31b. A cover plate 32 is provided on the seat body 311 and abuts against the first stepped surface 31b of each boss 312. The base 311 is provided with a retaining edge 313 for surrounding the cover plate 32, and the inner wall of the retaining edge 313 is inclined. A second sealing element 35 is provided between the base 31 and the outer wall of the housing 10.

[0115] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that, include: A battery cell assembly, the battery cell assembly comprising a plurality of battery cells arranged in parallel; The housing has a space for accommodating the battery cell pack; A pressure relief mechanism is provided, wherein the outer wall of the housing is provided with a first through hole communicating with the accommodating space, the pressure relief mechanism is provided at the first through hole, the pressure relief mechanism includes a base provided on the housing and a pressure relief component, the base is provided with a second through hole opposite to the first through hole, and the pressure relief component is sealed in the second through hole; the pressure relief component includes a metal memory deformation component, the metal memory deformation component includes a connecting part connected to the base and a deformation sealing part connected to the connecting part, the deformation sealing part is sealed in the second through hole, and the deformation sealing part protrudes away from the housing when heated, so as to release the second through hole; The base is provided with a first sealing element, which is arranged around the second through hole. In the blocked state, the deformable blocking part abuts against the first sealing element. The base has a first stepped surface and a second stepped surface with a height difference from the first stepped surface. The connecting part is connected to the first stepped surface. The second stepped surface has a groove structure for accommodating the first sealing element. The second stepped surface also has a second through hole. In the blocked state, the protrusion of the deformable blocking part is greater than the height difference between the first step surface and the first step surface; The base includes a seat body and a plurality of protrusions disposed on the seat body. Each protrusion is arranged in a ring around the center line of the seat body. At least one set of two adjacent protrusions are spaced apart. Furthermore, each protrusion has a first stepped surface, and the seat body has a second stepped surface.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal shape memory component is a thermosensitive shape memory metal, which includes any one of Ni-Ti based shape memory alloy, Cu based shape memory alloy, Ni-Mn based shape memory alloy, and Fe based shape memory alloy.

3. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the blocked state, the deformable blocking part protrudes towards the box body and blocks the second through hole; In the unsealed state, the deformable sealing part protrudes in a direction away from the box body and is unsealed in the second through hole.

4. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief mechanism includes a cover plate, which is disposed on the base and abuts against the first step surface of each of the protrusions.

5. The battery device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The base is provided with a retaining edge for surrounding the cover plate, and the inner wall of the retaining edge is inclined outward.

6. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The pressure relief mechanism includes a second seal, which is disposed between the base and the outer wall of the housing.

7. An electrical appliance, characterized in that: Includes the battery device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images