Cultivation medium for enhancing stress resistance of strawberries, cultivation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a culture medium for enhancing stress resistance of strawberries, a culture method and application, the culture medium comprises main materials and additives, the main materials comprise peat, coco coir, perlite and a mixed fermentation rotten substance, and the additives comprise modified silicon dioxide, modified iron and manganese oxide nano colloid, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and calcium sulfate. And the modified silicon dioxide fixes calcium with extremely poor mobility in the carrier, and stores iron through chelation to prevent the calcium and iron from being fixed or leached in the matrix. The modified iron and manganese oxide nano colloid is driven by coulomb force in a matrix positive electric field, electrophoresis migration and root surface migration are carried out, the modified silicon dioxide in covalent bond connection with the modified iron and manganese oxide nano colloid is pulled, and the modified silicon dioxide in a root system directionally releases calcium and iron to a root system disease risk area. Under the combined action of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and calcium sulfate dehydrate, the migration rate of the modified iron and manganese oxide nano colloid is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of strawberry planting, and in particular provides a cultivation substrate, a cultivation method and an application for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries. Background Art

[0002] Strawberries are shallow-rooted crops, with roots primarily distributed within the top 15-20 cm of the substrate. They have few lateral roots and a low root hair density, resulting in a weak absorption capacity and susceptibility to environmental fluctuations. This is particularly true for poorly mobile elements like calcium and iron. Inadequate root absorption can easily lead to intermittent nutrient deficiencies, resulting in problems such as navel rot, abnormal plant growth, and severely reduced fruit quality. Currently, high-frequency irrigation and fertilization are often used to maintain nutrient concentrations, which not only consumes significant manpower and material resources but can also accelerate soil acidification. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (1) Technical problems to be solved The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cultivation substrate, a cultivation method and an application for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries, so as to solve the problem that strawberries have a weak absorption capacity for the poorly mobile elements calcium and iron, thereby improving the quality of strawberry fruits.

[0004] (2) Technical solution To achieve the above object, on the one hand, the present invention provides a cultivation medium for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries, comprising a main ingredient and an additive, wherein the main ingredient comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of peat, 30-60 parts of coconut husk, 20-50 parts of perlite, and 10-20 parts of mixed fermented compost; The additives include modified silicon dioxide, modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and calcium sulfate dihydrate; The modified silica is mesoporous silica that is aminated and then covalently cross-linked with carboxymethyl chitosan, and ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid is embedded in the mesopores; The modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid is a composite layer structure, which includes a core layer, an intermediate layer and a signal response layer from the inside to the outside; the core layer is iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid modified with citric acid, the intermediate layer is a polydopamine film loaded with chitinase, and the signal response layer is polydopamine.

[0005] Furthermore, the preparation method of the modified silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: S11. 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was dissolved in anhydrous ethanol, mesoporous silica nanoparticles were added, ultrasonic dispersion was performed, the reaction was stirred under nitrogen protection, centrifuged, washed with ethanol, and dried in vacuo to obtain a first compound; S12. The carboxymethyl chitosan was dissolved in an acetic acid buffer solution, the first compound and a carbodiimide crosslinker were added, the reaction was stirred, washed by centrifugation, and freeze-dried to obtain a second compound; S13. Disperse the second compound in an ethanol solution of ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, shake the mixture for reaction, centrifuge, and vacuum dry to obtain modified silica.

[0006] Furthermore, the preparation method of the modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid comprises the following steps: S21. FeCl3·6H2O and KMnO4 were mixed, and aqueous ammonia was added dropwise to adjust the pH. The mixture was reacted in a water bath. The precipitate was collected by centrifugation, washed until neutral, and dispersed in deionized water. Citric acid was added, and the mixture was ultrasonically shaken. The precipitate was collected by centrifugation and freeze-dried to obtain a third compound. S22. The chitinase was dissolved in phosphate buffer to obtain a chitinase solution, the third compound was dispersed in a dopamine hydrochloride solution, shaken to form a thin layer of polydopamine, the chitinase solution was added, allowed to stand for adsorption, and centrifuged to obtain a fourth compound; S23. The fourth compound was ultrasonically dispersed in an ammonium molybdate solution, vacuum impregnated, freeze-cured, dopamine-Tris solution was added, the reaction was shaken, centrifuged and washed, and vacuum dried to obtain a fifth compound; S24. Dispersing the fifth compound in an ethanol solution of aminopropyltriethoxysilane, reflux the mixture, centrifuge and wash the mixture, and vacuum dry the mixture to obtain a modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid.

[0007] Based on the same inventive concept, in a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for cultivating a cultivation medium for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries, which is applied to the cultivation medium for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries, comprising the following steps: S1. Prepare the raw materials: dissolve chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in deionized water to prepare a 2% chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution, mix the modified silica and modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids in Tris buffer, shake the reaction, centrifuge and purify, wash with deionized water by centrifugation, and vacuum dry to obtain a first mixture; S2 main matrix mixture: the main ingredient and calcium sulfate dihydrate were placed in a blender, sprayed with stirring chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution, mixed until uniform, allowed to stand for adsorption to obtain a second mixture; S3. Preparation of cultivation matrix: Deionized water was evenly sprayed into the second mixture, the water content was adjusted, and the mixture was covered with a breathable membrane and matured to obtain a cultivation matrix; S4. Layered laying: Place the cultivation substrate in the substrate groove, evenly sprinkle the first mixture on top, and lay the drip irrigation pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the modified silicon dioxide and the modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid are mixed in a mass ratio of 1.5 to 2:1.

[0009] Furthermore, the mass of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution accounts for 3-4% of the main material, the mass of the calcium sulfate dihydrate accounts for 2-3% of the main material, and the mass of the first mixture accounts for 5-7% of the main material.

[0010] Based on the same inventive concept, in a third aspect, the present invention also provides an application of a cultivation medium or a cultivation method for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries in improving the yield and quality of strawberries.

[0011] Modified silica fixes calcium with poor mobility inside the carrier and stores iron through chelation to prevent calcium and iron from being fixed in the matrix or leaching. The carboxyl groups of carboxymethyl chitosan and the amino groups of amino-modified silica form a gel layer through covalent cross-linking. - Chelated Ca 2+ . Ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid is embedded in the mesopores, and its catechol groups interact with Fe 3+ Forms hexadentate chelates with selectivity over Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ .

[0012] The modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids are modified with citric acid. The middle layer is a polydopamine film loaded with chitinase. The signal response layer is polydopamine, and amino cations are introduced into the signal response layer through aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Since the surface of the strawberry root system is negatively charged, the modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids are attracted to migrate toward the roots electrophoretically. The quinone groups on the surface of the polydopamine shell of the modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids undergo Michael addition reactions and Schiff base reactions with the amino groups on the surface of the modified silica to form covalent bonds, causing the modified silica to be pulled toward the roots. Strawberry roots secrete H + Ascorbic acid and laccase make polydopamine swell and the imine bond break. Ascorbic acid modifies the Mn 4+ 、Fe 3+ Reduction leads to colloid disintegration, releasing citric acid and chitinase. Citric acid competes for chelating Ca in the soil adsorbed by modified silica. 2+ and Fe 3+ , triggering the release of Ca from modified silica 2+ and Fe 3+ , which in turn makes Ca 2+ and Fe 3+ It accumulates in the strawberry root system, enhancing its absorption by the root system. In addition, since pathogenic fungi secrete chitin in the rhizosphere, the released chitinase hydrolyzes it into N-acetylglucosamine. N-acetylglucosamine acts as a signal molecule to form a high concentration area at the fungal infection point, inducing the migration of iron and manganese oxide nanocolloids to the disease risk area, thereby causing the modified silica to release Ca2+, which induces resistance. 2+ and Fe 3+ to disease risk areas.

[0013] In addition, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and calcium sulfate dihydrate are added to the strawberry cultivation matrix. Among them, the quaternary ammonium group of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is permanently positively charged in the strawberry matrix environment and strongly adsorbed on the surface of the matrix organic matter or metal oxide, thereby increasing the positive charge density of the matrix. The positively charged groups of the modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids repel the positive charge of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, further increasing its migration rate to the negatively charged root system. The Ca of calcium sulfate dihydrate is 2+ -COO on the surface of modified silica - The formation of ionic bridges reduces its apparent charge, thereby reducing the electrostatic repulsion between the modified silica and the root system.

[0014] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Modified silica fixes calcium, which has extremely poor mobility, inside the carrier and stores iron through chelation, preventing calcium and iron from being fixed or leached in the matrix.

[0015] 2. Driven by the Coulomb force in the positive electric field of the matrix, the modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids migrate electrophoretically toward the root surface, pulling the modified silica covalently bonded to them. When the shell of the modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids in the roots degrades and releases citric acid and chitinase, the modified silica directionally releases calcium and iron to the root disease risk area.

[0016] 3. The migration rate of modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids and modified silica is enhanced under the combined action of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and calcium sulfate dihydrate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the cultivation method for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries according to Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0019] This embodiment discloses a cultivation matrix for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries, comprising a main ingredient and an additive, wherein the main ingredient comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of peat, 30 parts of coconut husk, 20 parts of perlite, and 10 parts of mixed fermented compost; The additives include modified silicon dioxide, modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and calcium sulfate dihydrate; The modified silica is mesoporous silica that is aminated and then covalently cross-linked with carboxymethyl chitosan, and ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid is embedded in the mesopores; The modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid is a composite layer structure, which includes a core layer, an intermediate layer and a signal response layer from the inside to the outside; the core layer is iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid modified with citric acid, the intermediate layer is a polydopamine film loaded with chitinase, and the signal response layer is polydopamine.

[0020] The preparation method of the modified silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: S11. Dissolve 10 mL of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in 100 mL of anhydrous ethanol, add 2 g of mesoporous silica nanoparticles, and disperse by ultrasonication. Stir and react at 60°C under nitrogen for 6 hours. Centrifuge, wash with ethanol, and dry in vacuo to obtain the first compound. S12. 0.25 g of carboxymethyl chitosan was dissolved in 17 mL of acetic acid buffer solution, 0.7 g of the first compound and 0.05 g of a carbodiimide crosslinker were added, and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The solid was collected by centrifugation, washed with deionized water, and freeze-dried to obtain a second compound; S13. Disperse 1 g of the second compound in 40 mL of an ethanol solution of ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, shake and react at 60° C. for 24 hours, centrifuge, and vacuum dry to obtain modified silica.

[0021] The preparation method of the modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid comprises the following steps: S21. Dissolve 8 g of FeCl₃·6H₂O in 300 mL of deionized water to obtain a FeCl₃·6H₂O solution. Dissolve 0.8 g of KMnO₄ in 100 mL of deionized water to obtain a KMnO₄ solution. Mix the FeCl₃·6H₂O solution and the KMnO₄ solution, add dropwise ammonia to adjust the pH to 8.0, react in an 80°C water bath for 2 hours, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, wash with deionized water until neutral, disperse in 100 mL of deionized water, add 5 g of citric acid, and ultrasonically shake at 60°C for 3 hours. Collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and freeze-dry to obtain the third compound. S22. Dissolve 10 mg of chitinase in 10 mL of phosphate buffer to obtain a chitinase solution. Disperse 100 mg of the third compound in 50 mL of a 2 g / L dopamine hydrochloride solution and shake to form a thin polydopamine layer. Add 10 mL of the chitinase solution and allow to adsorb at 4°C for 24 hours. Collect the solid by centrifugation and wash with deionized water to obtain the fourth compound. S23. 100 mg of the fourth compound was ultrasonically dispersed in 10 mL of ammonium molybdate solution, vacuum impregnated, freeze-cured, 100 mL of dopamine-Tris solution was added, and the reaction was shaken for 6 hours. The solid was collected by centrifugation, washed with deionized water, and dried in vacuo to obtain the fifth compound; S24. Disperse 50 mg of the fifth compound in 40 mL of an ethanol solution of aminopropyltriethoxysilane, reflux at 60° C. for 4 hours, collect the solid by centrifugation, wash with deionized water, and vacuum dry to obtain a modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid.

[0022] It should be noted that the present invention uses polydopamine secondary coating, which, on the one hand, greatly enhances the polydopamine's shielding of the negative charge of the inner layer of citric acid. On the other hand, the middle layer of polydopamine loads chitinase, and the outer layer of polydopamine protects the chitinase in the middle layer from premature release. In addition, the outer layer of polydopamine introduces amino cations, which allows the modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids to electrostatically attract the negatively charged roots.

[0023] The method for cultivating a cultivation medium for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries comprises the following steps: S1. Prepare the raw materials: dissolve chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in deionized water to prepare a 2% chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution, mix the modified silica and modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids in Tris buffer, shake the reaction, centrifuge and purify, wash with deionized water by centrifugation, and vacuum dry to obtain a first mixture; S2 main matrix mixture: the main ingredient and calcium sulfate dihydrate were placed in a blender, sprayed with stirring chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution, mixed until uniform, allowed to stand for adsorption to obtain a second mixture; S3. Prepare a cultivation medium: spray deionized water evenly into the second mixture, adjust the water content, cover with a breathable membrane and mature to obtain a cultivation medium.

[0024] S4. Layered laying: Place the cultivation substrate in the substrate groove, evenly sprinkle the first mixture on top, and lay the drip irrigation pipe.

[0025] It should be noted that Figure 1 shows a cultivation method for enhancing strawberry stress resistance. The quinone groups on the surface of the polydopamine in the outer shell of the modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids undergo a Michael addition reaction with the amino groups on the surface of the modified silica to form C-N bonds, and a Schiff base reaction to form imine bonds (C=N), thereby preparing a first mixture. The present invention employs a layered cultivation method, where the first mixture is laid atop the cultivation substrate. With the drip irrigation pipe activated, the first mixture migrates into the cultivation substrate along with the irrigation water. The modified silica in the first mixture absorbs the poorly mobile calcium and iron in the substrate. Furthermore, the modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids in the first mixture carry positively charged groups, causing the first mixture to migrate toward the negatively charged root system.

[0026] It should be noted that in order to prevent the first mixture from becoming ineffective, the first mixture should be added every 40 to 60 days, evenly sprinkled on the surface of the cultivation substrate, and flow into the substrate with drip irrigation water to achieve continuous absorption of calcium and iron by the roots.

[0027] The modified silicon dioxide and the modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid are mixed in a mass ratio of 1.5:1.

[0028] The mass of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution accounts for 3% of the main material, the mass of the calcium sulfate dihydrate accounts for 2% of the main material, and the mass of the first mixture accounts for 5% of the main material.

[0029] Application of the cultivation substrate or cultivation method capable of enhancing strawberry stress resistance in improving strawberry yield and quality. Example 2

[0030] This embodiment is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that it includes main ingredients and additives. The main ingredients include the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of peat, 45 parts of coconut husks, 35 parts of perlite, and 15 parts of mixed fermented compost. The additives include modified silicon dioxide, modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and calcium sulfate dihydrate.

[0031] Other components and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1. Example 3

[0032] This embodiment is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that this embodiment includes main ingredients and additives. The main ingredients include the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of peat, 60 parts of coconut husks, 50 parts of perlite, and 20 parts of mixed fermented compost; The additives include modified silicon dioxide, modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and calcium sulfate dihydrate.

[0033] Other components and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1. Example 4

[0034] This embodiment is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the modified silicon dioxide and the modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid in this embodiment are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0035] Other components and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1. Example 5

[0036] This embodiment is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the mass of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution in this embodiment accounts for 3.5% of the main material, the mass of the calcium sulfate dihydrate accounts for 2.5% of the main material, and the mass of the first mixture accounts for 6% of the main material.

[0037] Other components and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1. Example 6

[0038] This embodiment is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the mass of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution in this embodiment accounts for 4% of the main material, the mass of the calcium sulfate dihydrate accounts for 3% of the main material, and the mass of the first mixture accounts for 7% of the main material.

[0039] Other components and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1. Comparative Example 1

[0040] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the modified silicon dioxide in this comparative example does not react with carboxymethyl chitosan.

[0041] The preparation method of the modified silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: S11. Dissolve 10 mL of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in 100 mL of anhydrous ethanol, add 2 g of mesoporous silica nanoparticles, and disperse by ultrasonication. Stir and react at 60°C under nitrogen for 6 hours. Centrifuge, wash with ethanol, and dry in vacuo to obtain the first compound. S12. Disperse 1 g of the first compound in 40 mL of an ethanol solution of ethylenediaminedi-o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, shake and react at 60° C. for 24 hours, centrifuge, and vacuum dry to obtain modified silica.

[0042] Other components and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1. Comparative Example 2

[0043] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid is not embedded in the modified silica mesopores of this comparative example.

[0044] The preparation method of the modified silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: S11. Dissolve 10 mL of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in 100 mL of anhydrous ethanol, add 2 g of mesoporous silica nanoparticles, and disperse by ultrasonication. Stir and react at 60°C under nitrogen for 6 hours. Centrifuge, wash with ethanol, and dry in vacuo to obtain the first compound. S12. 0.25 g of carboxymethyl chitosan was dissolved in 17 mL of acetic acid buffer solution, 0.7 g of the first compound and 0.05 g of a carbodiimide crosslinker were added, and the mixture was stirred and reacted at room temperature for 12 hours. The solid was collected by centrifugation, washed with deionized water, and freeze-dried to obtain modified silica.

[0045] Other components and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1. Comparative Example 3

[0046] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that amino cations are not introduced into the modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids described in this comparative example.

[0047] The preparation method of the modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid comprises the following steps: S21. Dissolve 8 g of FeCl₃·6H₂O in 300 mL of deionized water to obtain a FeCl₃·6H₂O solution. Dissolve 0.8 g of KMnO₄ in 100 mL of deionized water to obtain a KMnO₄ solution. Mix the FeCl₃·6H₂O solution and the KMnO₄ solution, add dropwise ammonia to adjust the pH to 8.0, react in an 80°C water bath for 2 hours, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, wash with deionized water until neutral, disperse in 100 mL of deionized water, add 5 g of citric acid, and ultrasonically shake at 60°C for 3 hours. Collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and freeze-dry to obtain the third compound. S22. Dissolve 10 mg of chitinase in 10 mL of phosphate buffer to obtain a chitinase solution. Disperse 100 mg of the third compound in 50 mL of a 2 g / L dopamine hydrochloride solution and shake to form a thin polydopamine layer. Add 10 mL of the chitinase solution and allow to adsorb at 4°C for 24 hours. Collect the solid by centrifugation and wash with deionized water to obtain the fourth compound. S23. Ultrasonic dispersion of 100 mg of the fourth compound in 10 mL of ammonium molybdate solution was performed, followed by vacuum impregnation and freeze solidification. 100 mL of dopamine-Tris solution was added and the mixture was shaken for 6 hours. The solid was collected by centrifugation, washed with deionized water, and vacuum dried to obtain modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids.

[0048] Other components and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1. Comparative Example 4

[0049] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid in this comparative example is not subjected to secondary coating.

[0050] The preparation method of the modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid comprises the following steps: S21. Dissolve 8 g of FeCl₃·6H₂O in 300 mL of deionized water to obtain a FeCl₃·6H₂O solution. Dissolve 0.8 g of KMnO₄ in 100 mL of deionized water to obtain a KMnO₄ solution. Mix the FeCl₃·6H₂O solution and the KMnO₄ solution, add dropwise ammonia to adjust the pH to 8.0, react in an 80°C water bath for 2 hours, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, wash with deionized water until neutral, disperse in 100 mL of deionized water, add 5 g of citric acid, and ultrasonically shake at 60°C for 3 hours. Collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and freeze-dry to obtain the third compound. S22. Dissolve 10 mg of chitinase in 10 mL of phosphate buffer to obtain a chitinase solution. Disperse 100 mg of the third compound in 50 mL of a 2 g / L dopamine hydrochloride solution and shake to form a thin polydopamine layer. Add 10 mL of the chitinase solution and allow to adsorb at 4°C for 24 hours. Collect the solid by centrifugation and wash with deionized water to obtain the fourth compound. S23. Disperse 50 mg of the fourth compound in 40 mL of an ethanol solution of aminopropyltriethoxysilane, reflux at 60° C. for 4 hours, collect the solid by centrifugation, wash with deionized water, and vacuum dry to obtain a modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid.

[0051] Other components and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1. Comparative Example 5

[0052] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but is different from Example 1 in that the modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid in this comparative example does not have an intermediate layer.

[0053] The preparation method of the modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid comprises the following steps: S21. Dissolve 8 g of FeCl₃·6H₂O in 300 mL of deionized water to obtain a FeCl₃·6H₂O solution. Dissolve 0.8 g of KMnO₄ in 100 mL of deionized water to obtain a KMnO₄ solution. Mix the FeCl₃·6H₂O solution and the KMnO₄ solution, add dropwise ammonia to adjust the pH to 8.0, react in an 80°C water bath for 2 hours, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, wash with deionized water until neutral, disperse in 100 mL of deionized water, add 5 g of citric acid, and ultrasonically shake at 60°C for 3 hours. Collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and freeze-dry to obtain the third compound. S22. 100 mg of the third compound was ultrasonically dispersed in 10 mL of ammonium molybdate solution, vacuum impregnated, frozen solidified, 100 mL of dopamine-Tris solution was added, and the reaction was shaken for 6 hours. The solid was collected by centrifugation, washed with deionized water, and vacuum dried to obtain the sixth compound; S23. Disperse 50 mg of the sixth compound in 40 mL of an ethanol solution of aminopropyltriethoxysilane, reflux at 60° C. for 4 hours, collect the solid by centrifugation, wash with deionized water, and vacuum dry to obtain a modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid.

[0054] Other components and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1. Comparative Example 6

[0055] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the core layer of the modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid in this comparative example is not modified with citric acid.

[0056] The preparation method of the modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid comprises the following steps: S21. Dissolve 8 g of FeCl₃·6H₂O in 300 mL of deionized water to obtain a FeCl₃·6H₂O solution. Dissolve 0.8 g of KMnO₄ in 100 mL of deionized water to obtain a KMnO₄ solution. Mix the FeCl₃·6H₂O solution and the KMnO₄ solution, add aqueous ammonia dropwise to adjust the pH to 8.0, and react in an 80°C water bath for 2 h. Collect the precipitate by centrifugation, wash with deionized water until neutral, and freeze-dry to obtain the seventh compound. S22. Dissolve 10 mg of chitinase in 10 mL of phosphate buffer to obtain a chitinase solution. Disperse 100 mg of the seventh compound in 50 mL of a 2 g / L dopamine hydrochloride solution, shake to form a thin layer of polydopamine, add 10 mL of the chitinase solution, and allow to adsorb at 4°C for 24 hours. Collect the solid by centrifugation and wash with deionized water to obtain the eighth compound. S23. 100 mg of the eighth compound was ultrasonically dispersed in 10 mL of ammonium molybdate solution, vacuum impregnated, frozen solidified, 100 mL of dopamine-Tris solution was added, and the reaction was shaken for 6 hours. The solid was collected by centrifugation, washed with deionized water, and dried in vacuo to obtain the ninth compound; S24. Disperse 50 mg of the ninth compound in 40 mL of an ethanol solution of aminopropyltriethoxysilane, reflux at 60° C. for 4 hours, collect the solid by centrifugation, wash with deionized water, and vacuum dry to obtain a modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid.

[0057] Other components and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1. Comparative Example 7

[0058] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that modified silicon dioxide is not added. Other components and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1. Comparative Example 8

[0059] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid is not added. Other components and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1. Comparative Example 9

[0060] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is not added. Other components and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1. Comparative Example 10

[0061] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that calcium sulfate dihydrate is not added. Other components and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1. Comparative Example 11

[0062] This comparative example is the blank control group.

[0063] This comparative example discloses a cultivation matrix for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of peat, 30 parts of coconut husks, 20 parts of perlite, and 10 parts of mixed fermented compost.

[0064] The method for cultivating a cultivation medium for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries comprises the following steps: S1. Place the raw materials in a blender and mix until uniform. Spray in deionized water to adjust the moisture content to 55-60%. Cover with a breathable film and mature at 25°C for 72 hours to obtain a cultivation medium.

[0065] Test verification: Strawberry potted experiment: The strawberry variety was Hongyan, planted 20 cm apart, with roots fully buried in the growing medium. Each experimental group had 10 plants. During the strawberry cultivation process, the frequency and amount of watering and fertilization were uniform.

[0066] 1. The strawberry root matrix was collected and the concentrations of calcium and iron were measured using ICP-MS. All values ​​were recorded as the average value of each experimental group.

[0067]

[0068] As shown in Table 1, the concentration of calcium and iron in the cultivation medium near the root system of each test group strawberry. Example 1 is compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2. It can be seen that modified silicon dioxide fixes calcium with poor mobility inside the carrier and stores iron through ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid to prevent calcium and iron from being fixed or leaching in the matrix. Example 1 is compared with Comparative Example 3. The modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid without introducing positively charged groups is difficult to migrate to the root system in the matrix, resulting in low root calcium and iron concentrations. Example 1 is compared with Comparative Example 4. The modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid is not coated twice and has only one polydopamine protective layer. The negative charge of the citric acid in the kernel has a certain impact on the migration of the modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid to the root system. Comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 5, it can be seen that chitinase can hydrolyze chitin into N-acetylglucosamine when the root system where pathogenic fungi are active secretes chitin. N-acetylglucosamine acts as a signal molecule to form a high concentration area at the fungal infection point, inducing the modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid to migrate to the disease risk area, further promoting the modified silica to release calcium and iron. Comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 6, it can be seen that citric acid can further enhance the release of calcium and iron by modified silica. Comparing Example 1 with Comparative Examples 7, 8, 9, and 10, it can be seen that modified silica, the negative charge of modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, and calcium sulfate dihydrate work synergistically, allowing elements with poor mobility such as calcium and iron to migrate to the root system for release, thereby promoting their absorption by the root system.

[0069] 2. Harvest mature fruits, calculate the average yield per plant, and test the sugar content and hardness of the fruits.

[0070]

[0071] Table 1 shows the yield and quality of strawberry fruit. As can be seen from the table, compared with Comparative Examples 7, 8, 9, and 10, Example 1, which added the additives of modified silica, modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, and calcium sulfate dihydrate, had a higher yield per plant and better strawberry quality, such as sugar content and hardness. This is mainly because the addition of the additives greatly enhanced the absorption of poorly mobile elements such as calcium and iron by the strawberry roots, thereby improving the yield and quality of the strawberries.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the field within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cultivation medium for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries, characterized in that: The method comprises a main material and additives, wherein the main material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of peat, 30-60 parts of coconut husk, 20-50 parts of perlite, and 10-20 parts of mixed fermented compost; The additives include modified silicon dioxide, modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and calcium sulfate dihydrate; The modified silica is mesoporous silica that is aminated and then covalently cross-linked with carboxymethyl chitosan, and ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid is embedded in the mesopores; The modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid is a composite layer structure, which includes a core layer, an intermediate layer and a signal response layer from the inside to the outside; the core layer is iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid modified with citric acid, the intermediate layer is a polydopamine film loaded with chitinase, and the signal response layer is polydopamine.

2. A cultivation medium for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: S11. 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was dissolved in anhydrous ethanol, mesoporous silica nanoparticles were added, ultrasonic dispersion was performed, the reaction was stirred under nitrogen protection, centrifuged, washed with ethanol, and dried in vacuo to obtain a first compound; S12. The carboxymethyl chitosan was dissolved in an acetic acid buffer solution, the first compound and a carbodiimide crosslinker were added, the reaction was stirred, washed by centrifugation, and freeze-dried to obtain a second compound; S13. Disperse the second compound in an ethanol solution of ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, shake the mixture for reaction, centrifuge, and vacuum dry to obtain modified silica.

3. A cultivation medium for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid comprises the following steps: S21. FeCl3·6H2O and KMnO4 were mixed, and aqueous ammonia was added dropwise to adjust the pH. The mixture was reacted in a water bath. The precipitate was collected by centrifugation, washed until neutral, and dispersed in deionized water. Citric acid was added, and the mixture was ultrasonically shaken. The precipitate was collected by centrifugation and freeze-dried to obtain a third compound. S22. The chitinase was dissolved in phosphate buffer to obtain a chitinase solution, the third compound was dispersed in a dopamine hydrochloride solution, shaken to form a thin layer of polydopamine, the chitinase solution was added, allowed to stand for adsorption, and centrifuged to obtain a fourth compound; S23. The fourth compound was ultrasonically dispersed in an ammonium molybdate solution, vacuum impregnated, freeze-cured, dopamine-Tris solution was added, the reaction was shaken, centrifuged and washed, and vacuum dried to obtain a fifth compound; S24. Dispersing the fifth compound in an ethanol solution of aminopropyltriethoxysilane, reflux the mixture, centrifuge and wash the mixture, and vacuum dry the mixture to obtain a modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloid.

4. A cultivation method for a cultivation medium for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries, which is applied to prepare a cultivation medium for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Prepare the raw materials: dissolve chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in deionized water to prepare a 2% chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution, mix the modified silica and modified iron-manganese oxide nanocolloids in Tris buffer, shake the reaction, centrifuge and purify, wash with deionized water by centrifugation, and vacuum dry to obtain a first mixture; S2 main matrix mixture: the main ingredient and calcium sulfate dihydrate were placed in a blender, sprayed with stirring chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution, mixed until uniform, allowed to stand for adsorption to obtain a second mixture; S3. Preparation of cultivation matrix: Deionized water was evenly sprayed into the second mixture, the water content was adjusted, and the mixture was covered with a breathable membrane and matured to obtain a cultivation matrix; S4. Layered laying: Place the cultivation substrate in the substrate groove, evenly sprinkle the first mixture on top, and lay the drip irrigation pipe.

5. A cultivation method for a cultivation medium for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries according to claim 4, characterized in that, The modified silicon dioxide and the modified iron-manganese oxide nano-colloid are mixed in a mass ratio of 1.5 to 2:

1.

6. The method for cultivating a culture medium for enhancing the stress resistance of strawberries according to claim 4, wherein: The mass of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution accounts for 3-4% of the main material, the mass of the calcium sulfate dihydrate accounts for 2-3% of the main material, and the mass of the first mixture accounts for 5-7% of the main material.

7. Use of the strawberry cultivation substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the cultivation substrate for enhancing strawberry stress resistance according to any one of claims 4 to 6 in the cultivation method for improving strawberry yield and quality.

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