Locomotive cooling tower roof filter screen purging device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of locomotive cooling towers, and particularly provides a locomotive cooling tower roof filter screen blowing device and method.The device comprises a filter screen, a transition air duct frame and a swing blowing mechanism, the transition air duct frame is used for being installed on a locomotive cooling tower roof, and the filter screen is installed on the transition air duct frame in a covering mode; the swing blowing mechanism is installed in the transition air duct frame. The swing blowing mechanism comprises a rack, an air pipe and a driving assembly, the rack is installed in the transition air duct frame, the air pipe is movably installed on the rack, the driving assembly is fixed to the rack and connected to the air pipe in a driving mode, the air pipe is used for being connected to an external air source cabinet, the air pipe is provided with an air nozzle facing the filter screen, and the air nozzle faces the filter screen. And an image recognition module is arranged on the rack. The problem that cooling fins of a locomotive cooling tower radiator are blocked due to the fact that catkin, leaves and other external sundries fall and are sucked into the locomotive cooling tower by a fan is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of locomotive cooling towers, and in particular to a device and method for blowing out a filter screen on a roof of a locomotive cooling tower. Background Art

[0002] As a core component of the locomotive cooling system, cooling towers are responsible for dissipating heat for key equipment such as traction transformers and traction converters. However, frequent high-temperature alarms in cooling towers during actual operation have become two major technical challenges plaguing railway operations departments.

[0003] According to the field investigation, the main reasons for the frequent high temperature alarms in the locomotive cooling tower are: Falling debris, such as catkins and leaves, is sucked into the locomotive cooling tower by the fans, causing fin blockage. This problem is most prevalent in spring, when catkins are most prevalent, and in autumn, when leaves fall. Catkins, due to their fibrous nature, easily cling to the fins. Leaves can be carried into the cooling system by airflow, where they can break into pieces and clog the fins, reducing ventilation. Statistics from a railway bureau show that for locomotives operating in densely vegetated areas, catkin blockages account for 45% of temperature alarms annually in April and May, while fallen leaves account for 30% of alarms in October and November.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device that can prevent external debris such as catkins and leaves from falling into the interior of the locomotive cooling tower to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a locomotive cooling tower roof filter cleaning device and method, aiming to solve the problem that the heat sinks in the existing locomotive cooling tower are easily clogged by debris, thereby affecting heat dissipation.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging device, comprising a filter, a transition duct frame and a swinging purge mechanism, the transition duct frame is used to be installed on the roof of the locomotive cooling tower, the filter cover is installed on the transition duct frame, and the swinging purge mechanism is installed in the transition duct frame; the swinging purge mechanism comprises a frame, an air pipe and a drive assembly, the frame is installed in the transition duct frame, the air pipe is movably installed on the frame, the drive assembly is fixed on the frame, the drive assembly is driven and connected to the air pipe, the air pipe is used to be connected to an external air source cabinet, the air pipe is provided with an air nozzle facing the filter, and the frame is provided with an image recognition module.

[0007] A further improvement of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging device of the present invention is that the frame includes an outer frame, a fixed rod and a movable rod, the fixed rod is fixed in the outer frame, the movable rod is movably installed in the outer frame, the movable rod is connected to the air pipe, and the drive assembly is drivingly connected to the movable rod.

[0008] A further improvement of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging device of the present invention is that the driving assembly includes a driving member, a cam, a connecting rod and a first hinge connecting rod, the driving member is fixed on the fixed rod, the cam is fixed to the output end of the driving member, the connecting rod is fixed to the movable rod, and the first hinge connecting rod is connected between the cam and the connecting rod.

[0009] A further improvement of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging device of the present invention is that a second hinge connecting rod is provided on the moving rod, and the second hinge connecting rod is connected to the air pipe.

[0010] A further improvement of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging device of the present invention is that the number of the air pipes is multiple, the number of the second hinge connecting rods is twice the number of the air pipes, and one air pipe is connected to two second hinge connecting rods.

[0011] A further improvement of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter screen purging device of the present invention is that a bearing seat for movably mounting the air pipe is provided on the outer frame.

[0012] A further improvement of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter screen purging device of the present invention is that a fixing plate for connecting to the transition air duct frame is provided on the outer frame.

[0013] A further improvement of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging device of the present invention is that a plurality of air nozzles are provided on the air pipe, and the plurality of air nozzles are arranged at intervals on the air pipe.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for purging a filter screen on a roof of a locomotive cooling tower, comprising the following steps: Providing a locomotive cooling tower roof filter purge device as described above; Check the running status of the locomotive. If the locomotive is in the parking state, proceed to the next step; Detect the air pressure of the locomotive's air cylinder. When the air pressure of the air cylinder reaches the working threshold, proceed to the next step; Start the image recognition module, scan the debris coverage rate on the surface of the filter through the image recognition module, and determine whether the debris coverage rate is greater than the coverage threshold. If the debris coverage rate is greater than the coverage threshold, turn on the drive component, which drives the air pipe to move and blows air to the filter through the air nozzle; if the debris coverage rate is not greater than the coverage threshold, the image recognition module and the swing purge mechanism enter the standby state.

[0015] A further improvement of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging method of the present invention is that when judging whether the debris coverage rate is greater than the coverage threshold, if the debris coverage rate is greater than four times the coverage threshold, the operating speed of the drive component is increased and the operating time of the swing purge mechanism is extended until the debris coverage rate is no greater than the coverage threshold.

[0016] The locomotive cooling tower roof filter purge device in the technical solution of the present invention blocks external debris through the filter, effectively preventing external debris from falling into the locomotive cooling tower. The image recognition module scans the debris coverage on the filter. When the debris coverage is high, the swing purge mechanism is controlled to blow air from the inside into the filter, thereby blowing the debris away from the filter in the opposite direction to prevent the debris from blocking the cooling tower fan from sucking air outward. Through irregular purges, external debris above the filter device can be effectively blown under the locomotive, effectively ensuring the ventilation volume required by the locomotive cooling tower fan. It can effectively solve the problem of fin blockage caused by external debris such as catkins and leaves falling from the locomotive cooling tower and being sucked into the locomotive cooling tower by the fan. The present invention can realize automatic control of the swing purge mechanism through the image recognition module, thereby achieving a more accurate and efficient purge operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is an external schematic diagram of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter purge device in an installed state according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter purge device in the installed state of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the upper structure of the filter screen of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter screen purge device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lower structure of the filter screen of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter screen purging device of the present invention; Figure 5 A top view of the swinging purge mechanism of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter purge device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the swing purge mechanism of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter purge device of the present invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the drive assembly and the air pipe of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter purge device of the present invention; Figure 8 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for purging a filter screen on the roof of a locomotive cooling tower.

[0019] Description of Figure Numbers: 1. Filter; 101. Semicircular arc trough; 2. Swinging purge mechanism; 201. Outer frame; 202. Bearing seat; 203. Fixed plate; 204. Fixed rod; 205. Moving rod; 206. Air pipe; 207. Air nozzle; 208. Driving part; 209. Cam; 210. Connecting rod; 211. Air inlet; 212. Second hinge connecting rod; 213. Fixed seat; 214. First hinge connecting rod; 215. Camera; 3. Transition air duct frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0022] In addition, the terms "first," "second," and so on, used in this disclosure are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referenced. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two or three, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0023] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0024] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention proposes a locomotive cooling tower roof filter purge device, comprising a filter 1, a transition duct frame 3, and a swing purge mechanism 2. The transition duct frame 3 is used to be installed on the locomotive cooling tower roof. The filter 1 is mounted on the transition duct frame 3, and the swing purge mechanism 2 is installed within the transition duct frame 3. The swing purge mechanism 2 includes a frame, an air pipe 206, and a drive assembly. The frame is installed within the transition duct frame 3, the air pipe 206 is movably mounted on the frame, and the drive assembly is fixed to the frame. The drive assembly is driven and connected to the air pipe 206. The air pipe 206 is used to connect to an external air source cabinet. The air pipe 206 is provided with an air nozzle 207 facing the filter 1, and the frame is provided with an image recognition module. The bottom surface of the air pipe 206 is provided with an air inlet 211 for connecting to the external air source cabinet.

[0026] Specifically, the filter screen 1 device includes a semicircular arc trough screen 101, which is spliced ​​by several semicircular arc trough screens 101 into a locomotive cooling tower of the same size in length and width, so that the entire filter screen 1 device can be fixed on the top of the locomotive cooling tower; and the semicircular arc trough screen 101 is provided with denser air outlet holes, which can effectively prevent dirt and blockages from falling into the locomotive cooling tower, and the dirt and blockages fall to both sides along the semicircular arc trough screen 101 through inertia, effectively ensuring the ventilation volume required by the cooling tower fan.

[0027] Preferably, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the frame includes an outer frame 201, fixed rods 204, and movable rods 205. The fixed rods 204 are fixed within the outer frame 201, and the movable rods 205 are movably mounted within the outer frame 201. The movable rods 205 are connected to the air pipe 206, and the drive assembly is drivingly connected to the movable rods 205. In this embodiment, two fixed rods 204 are disposed in the middle of the outer frame 201 to enhance the rigidity of the entire frame. The movable rods 205 are shorter than the fixed rods 204, allowing the movable rods 205 to move within the outer frame 201.

[0028] Preferably, Figure 7As shown, the drive assembly includes a drive member 208, a cam 209, a connecting rod 210, and a first hinge connecting rod 214. The drive member 208 is fixed to the fixed rod 204, the cam 209 is fixed to the output end of the drive member 208, the connecting rod 210 is fixed to the movable rod 205, and the first hinge connecting rod 214 is connected between the cam 209 and the connecting rod 210. In this embodiment, the drive member 208 is a motor, and the cam 209 is fixed to the motor output shaft of the motor. The outer frame 201 is provided with a fixing seat 213 for mounting the drive member 208.

[0029] Each locomotive has an internal air supply cabinet containing an air cylinder and compressor. A hose connects the air supply to the air inlet 211 of air pipe 206. When the locomotive enters a section stop, the air supply to the air cylinder and the motor of the swing purge device are turned on. The motor rotates, causing air pipe 206 to swing left and right. Air from air pipe 206, through nozzle 207, blows external debris that has landed on the filter 1 device to the outside of the locomotive, effectively ensuring the required ventilation rate for the locomotive cooling tower fan. This solves the problem of high-temperature alarms caused by radiator blockage caused by catkins and leaves covering the surface of the locomotive cooling tower.

[0030] Preferably, a second hinge connecting rod 212 is provided on the movable rod 205, and the second hinge connecting rod 212 is connected to the air pipe 206, so that the motor drives the first hinge connecting rod 214 to rotate, and the first hinge connecting rod 214 drives the second hinge connecting rod 212 to swing left and right through the movable rod 205, thereby causing the air pipe 206 to swing left and right.

[0031] Preferably, there are multiple air tubes 206, and the number of the second hinge connecting rods 212 is twice the number of the air tubes 206, so that one air tube 206 is connected to two second hinge connecting rods 212. The two second hinge connecting rods 212 connected to each air tube 206 are respectively located on both sides of the movable rod 205 to ensure a stable connection with the air tube 206.

[0032] Preferably, the outer frame 201 is provided with a bearing seat 202 for the movable installation of the air pipe 206. The bearing seat 202 contains bearings, and the left and right ends of the air pipe 206 are installed on the inner ring of the bearing. The inner ring of the bearing moves, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixed, which mainly plays the role of supporting the rotation of the air pipe 206.

[0033] Preferably, the outer frame 201 is provided with fixing plates 203 for connecting to the transition duct frame 3. These fixing plates 203 are L-shaped and are present in at least four locations. The outer frame 201 is rectangular, with a fixing plate 203 positioned at each of its four corners. This allows the entire swinging purge device to be secured to the left and right sides of the inner wall of the transition duct frame 3 via the L-shaped fixing plates 203. This allows the entire swinging purge device to be positioned relatively close to the filter 1, facilitating subsequent purge of debris from above the filter 1.

[0034] Preferably, the air pipe 206 is provided with a plurality of air nozzles 207 , and the plurality of air nozzles 207 are spaced apart on the air pipe 206 .

[0035] like Figure 8 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for purging a filter screen on a roof of a locomotive cooling tower, comprising the following steps: Providing a locomotive cooling tower roof filter purge device as described above; Check the running status of the locomotive. If the locomotive is in the parking state, proceed to the next step; Detect the air pressure of the locomotive's air cylinder. When the air pressure of the air cylinder reaches the working threshold, proceed to the next step; The image recognition module is started, and the debris coverage rate on the surface of the filter 1 is scanned by the image recognition module to determine whether the debris coverage rate is greater than the coverage threshold. If the debris coverage rate is greater than the coverage threshold, the drive component is turned on, and the drive component drives the air pipe 206 to move and blows air to the filter 1 through the air nozzle 207; if the debris coverage rate is not greater than the coverage threshold, the image recognition module and the swing purge mechanism 2 enter the standby state.

[0036] Specifically, when the locomotive is running, the fan inside the cooling tower needs to draw air from the top to dissipate heat from the radiator at the bottom of the cooling tower. Therefore, the swing purge mechanism 2 does not perform a purge operation when the locomotive is not parked. When the locomotive is parked, the fan inside the cooling tower stops, and the purge device can then be used for purge operation.

[0037] Since the air cylinder volume in a locomotive is fixed (at 760 bar when fully filled), it is primarily used for braking, which consumes air. In this embodiment, the operating threshold is 200 bar. When the air cylinder pressure falls below the threshold, the air cylinder requires air replenishment via a compressor. When the air cylinder pressure exceeds the threshold, the next step is to activate smart camera 215 for identification.

[0038] Debris coverage ratio = total debris coverage area / total area of ​​filter 1. In this embodiment, the coverage threshold is 10%. The image recognition module includes a camera 215 fixed to the outer frame 201 and a controller connected to the drive member 208 and the camera 215. Debris coverage ratio recognition technology can be found in patents CN113850195B and CN115147672A.

[0039] Furthermore, the camera 215 scans the filter 1 every 5 seconds and feeds back the debris residue rate. If the residue rate is ≤5%: it is determined that the cleaning is completed and the purge is stopped. If the residue rate is >5%: continue to purge, and adjust the swing frequency of the air pipe 206, such as speeding up the swing speed. The motor speed is 5RMP~50RMP, and is flexibly adjusted according to the debris coverage rate. The controller records the duration of this purge, the debris removal rate, and the energy consumption data. A cleaning report is generated and stored in the locomotive maintenance system. When the camera 215 fails, the swing purge mechanism 2 automatically switches to the timed purge mode (default 30 seconds). When the air pressure / motor is abnormal, it stops immediately and feeds back to the locomotive maintenance system for an alarm.

[0040] Preferably, when determining whether the debris coverage ratio exceeds a coverage threshold, if the debris coverage ratio is greater than four times the coverage threshold (greater than 40%), the operating speed of the drive assembly is increased, and the operating time of the swinging purge mechanism 2 is extended until the debris coverage ratio does not exceed the coverage threshold. The controller dynamically adjusts the swinging purge mechanism 2 based on the real-time detection results fed back by camera 215. When a high amount of debris remains on the filter 1 (greater than 40%), the motor output speed is increased, the swinging action is accelerated, the purge is repeated, and the purge duration is extended. The controller uploads the data from each purge to the cloud and optimizes the coverage threshold (e.g., seasonal adjustment of the catkin determination threshold). The locomotive cooling tower roof filter purge method of the present invention achieves precise energy savings, avoids over-purging, reduces air source and motor losses, and is adaptive to the environment to cope with different seasonal debris types (spring catkins or autumn leaves). Cleaning reports can support operation and maintenance decisions, providing traceability.

[0041] The controller of the present invention can adjust the specific purge strategy according to the specific environmental conditions. The specific adjustment rules are as follows: (1) Dynamic graded response: Normal mode: If the debris coverage is slightly higher (for example, 10% to 20%), the purge speed will be slightly increased.

[0042] Enhanced mode: If the debris coverage rate is very high (for example >40%), the speed will be greatly increased and the purge time will be extended until the residual rate is ≤5%, then the purge will be stopped.

[0043] Extreme mode: If the coverage does not decrease after several consecutive purges, an alarm is triggered or a backup cleaning device is activated.

[0044] (2) Intelligent learning adjustment: The system will record the effect of each purge (for example, how much debris is reduced after increasing the speed).

[0045] After long-term operation, it automatically optimizes "how much coverage requires how fast the rotation speed" to avoid wasting electricity or incomplete cleaning.

[0046] Seasonal adjustment: For example, in spring when there are more catkins, the system automatically lowers the "alarm threshold" to make the image recognition module more sensitive; in winter when there is less dust, the threshold is raised to avoid frequent startup.

[0047] (3) Adjustment based on environmental factors: In addition to debris coverage, cleaning strategies can also be adjusted based on data such as wind speed, humidity, and temperature.

[0048] For example: debris tends to accumulate on windy days, so increase the cleaning in advance; debris tends to stick on rainy days, so extend the cleaning time.

[0049] The calculation expressions involved in the controller of the present invention are as follows: 1) Motor speed calculation formula: Speed ​​= base speed × (1 + debris coverage / coverage threshold); If the debris coverage rate is twice the coverage threshold, the speed is doubled. If it exceeds four times (40%), the speed is significantly increased and the working time is extended.

[0050] 2) Purge time optimization formula: Purge time = base time × (debris coverage rate / coverage threshold) 2 ; The more debris there is, the longer the purge time increases exponentially (for example, if the coverage rate increases by 2 times, the purge time increases by 4 times).

[0051] 3) Cloud-based automatic optimization threshold: New coverage threshold = old coverage threshold × (1 + seasonal adjustment coefficient + weather impact coefficient); Seasonal adjustment factor: +0.3 in spring (more sensitive), -0.1 in winter (less false triggering).

[0052] Weather influence coefficient: +0.2 for windy days and -0.05 for rainy days.

[0053] like Figure 8As shown, it is a flow chart of the locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging method of the present invention, and the specific process is: the controller performs system startup condition detection (locomotive parking, normal air pressure, camera initialization), and then intelligently identifies the debris coverage rate (analyzes the debris coverage rate), and determines whether the coverage rate is greater than the coverage threshold. If not, the system is on standby (energy saving). If so, the purge process is started (opening the air cylinder valve, starting the motor), dynamic purge is performed (air pipe swing + air jet, real-time camera detection), real-time intelligent identification of debris coverage rate, and analysis of whether the residual rate is less than or equal to 5%. If so, the purge is stopped (data recording). If not, the purge is strengthened for the second time (locating the stubborn area, fixed-point purge), and finally the purge is stopped (data recording).

[0054] The locomotive cooling tower roof filter purge device in the technical solution of the present invention blocks external debris through the filter 1, effectively preventing external debris from falling into the locomotive cooling tower. The image recognition module scans the debris coverage rate on the filter 1. When the debris coverage is high, the swing purge mechanism 2 is controlled to blow air from the inside to the filter 1, thereby blowing the debris away from the filter 1 in the opposite direction to prevent the debris from blocking the cooling tower fan from sucking air outward. Moreover, through irregular purge, the external debris above the filter 1 device can be effectively blown under the locomotive, effectively ensuring the ventilation volume required by the locomotive cooling tower fan. It can effectively solve the problem of fin blockage caused by external debris such as catkins and leaves falling from the locomotive cooling tower radiator and being sucked into the locomotive cooling tower by the fan. The present invention can realize automatic control of the swing purge mechanism 2 through the image recognition module, thereby achieving a more accurate and efficient purge operation.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made by using the contents of the present invention description and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a filter (1), a transition air duct frame (3) and a swinging purge mechanism (2), wherein the transition air duct frame (3) is used to be installed on the roof of a locomotive cooling tower, the filter (1) is mounted on the transition air duct frame (3), and the swinging purge mechanism (2) is installed in the transition air duct frame (3); the swinging purge mechanism (2) comprises a frame, an air pipe (206) and a drive assembly, the frame is installed in the transition air duct frame (3), the air pipe (206) is movably installed on the frame, the drive assembly is fixed on the frame, the drive assembly is driven and connected to the air pipe (206), the air pipe (206) is used to be connected to an external air source cabinet, the air pipe (206) is provided with an air nozzle (207) facing the filter (1), and the frame is provided with an image recognition module.

2. The locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame comprises an outer frame (201), a fixed rod (204) and a movable rod (205), wherein the fixed rod (204) is fixed in the outer frame (201), the movable rod (205) is movably installed in the outer frame (201), the movable rod (205) is connected to the air pipe (206), and the driving assembly is drivingly connected to the movable rod (205).

3. The locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a driving member (208), a cam (209), a connecting rod (210) and a first hinge connecting rod (214), wherein the driving member (208) is fixed on the fixed rod (204), the cam (209) is fixed on the output end of the driving member (208), the connecting rod (210) is fixed on the moving rod (205), and the first hinge connecting rod (214) is connected between the cam (209) and the connecting rod (210).

4. The locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second hinge connecting rod (212) is provided on the moving rod (205), and the second hinge connecting rod (212) is connected to the trachea (206).

5. The locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging device according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are multiple air tubes (206), the number of the second hinge connecting rods (212) is twice the number of the air tubes (206), and one air tube (206) is connected to two second hinge connecting rods (212).

6. The locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer frame (201) is provided with a bearing seat (202) for movably mounting the air pipe (206).

7. The locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer frame (201) is provided with a fixing plate (203) for connecting to the transition air duct frame (3).

8. The locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air pipe (206) is provided with a plurality of air nozzles (207), and the plurality of air nozzles (207) are arranged at intervals on the air pipe (206).

9. A method for purging the filter screen on the roof of a locomotive cooling tower, characterized in that: The steps include: Providing a locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging device as claimed in claim 1; Check the running status of the locomotive. If the locomotive is in the parking state, proceed to the next step; Detect the air pressure of the locomotive's air cylinder. When the air pressure of the air cylinder reaches the working threshold, proceed to the next step; The image recognition module is started, and the debris coverage rate of the surface of the filter (1) is scanned by the image recognition module to determine whether the debris coverage rate is greater than a coverage threshold. If the debris coverage rate is greater than the coverage threshold, the drive component is started, and the drive component drives the air pipe (206) to move and blows air to the filter (1) through the air nozzle (207); if the debris coverage rate is not greater than the coverage threshold, the image recognition module and the swing purge mechanism (2) enter a standby state.

10. The locomotive cooling tower roof filter purging method according to claim 9, characterized in that: When determining whether the debris coverage rate is greater than the coverage threshold, if the debris coverage rate is greater than four times the coverage threshold, the operating speed of the drive component is increased, and the operating time of the swing purge mechanism (2) is extended until the debris coverage rate is no greater than the coverage threshold.

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