Safety pressure relief device of chemical reaction kettle

Abstract

The invention discloses a chemical reaction kettle safety pressure relief device, and relates to the technical field of reaction kettles, the chemical reaction kettle safety pressure relief device comprises a reaction kettle body and a sealing cover mounted at the top end of the reaction kettle body, an interlayer is fixed in the sealing cover, the interlayer is provided with a pressure relief channel, and a control chamber is formed in the sealing cover and above the interlayer; and a circular plate attached to the partition layer is rotationally arranged in the control cavity, a square block is fixed to the circular plate, the circular plate is provided with a pressure reduction channel selectively communicated with or staggered from the pressure relief channel, the pressure reduction channel extends into the square block, and a mounting groove is formed in the lower half section of the side wall of the pressure reduction channel. According to the safety pressure relief device for the chemical reaction kettle, the gas cylinder, the silencing sleeve, the conical seat, the first spring and other structures are arranged, so that the purpose of unloading buffering is achieved, the impact force of high-pressure gas is reduced, pressure reduction and noise reduction are conducted through the wavy structure, meanwhile, the vortex phenomenon of the gas at the corner is controlled, and the use efficiency of the safety pressure relief device for the chemical reaction kettle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of reactors, in particular to a safety pressure relief device for a chemical reactor. Background Art

[0002] A reactor is broadly understood as a container for physical or chemical reactions. Through the structural design and parameter configuration of the container, the heating, evaporation, cooling and low-speed mixing functions required by the process are achieved. Reactors are widely used, mostly in petroleum, chemical, rubber, pesticides, dyes, medicine, and food. They are pressure vessels used to complete processes such as vulcanization, nitration, hydrogenation, hydrocarbonization, polymerization, and condensation. They are one of the indispensable items for chemical production.

[0003] The reactor is a comprehensive reaction vessel. The design of the reactor structure, function and accessories is based on the reaction conditions. From the initial feeding, reaction, and discharging, the pre-set reaction steps can be completed with a high degree of automation. The temperature, pressure, mechanical control (stirring, blowing, etc.), reactant / product concentration and other important parameters in the reaction process are strictly regulated. When the reactor is working, some reactants inside will release a large amount of gas during the processing, which will cause the pressure inside the reactor to increase sharply. When the internal pressure is too high, it may cause the reactor to explode. Therefore, it is necessary to relieve the pressure when the pressure inside the reactor is too high.

[0004] For example, a patent entitled: A Reactor Safety Pressure Relief Device (patent application number: CN202420024573.7) discloses a reactor safety pressure relief device. During pressure relief, the multiple blocked pressure relief pipes are slowly unsealed by rotating the air outlet pipe and the sealing plate. The pressure relief process will not cause the sealing cover to be rushed out by the pressure. The pressure relief operation is simple, which reduces the possibility of safety accidents and reduces harm to operators. However, when the device is actually used, the high-pressure gas will bring a large impact force to the internal cavity of the sealing plate, especially in the initial stage of pressure relief, which affects the service life and generates a lot of noise. The efficiency of use needs to be improved.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a chemical reactor safety pressure relief device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a safety pressure relief device for a chemical reactor to solve the problem that when the device is actually used, high-pressure gas will bring a large impact force to the internal cavity of the sealing plate, especially in the initial stage of pressure relief, which affects the service life and generates large noise, and the efficiency of use needs to be improved.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a safety pressure relief device for a chemical reactor, comprising a reactor body and a sealing cover mounted on the top of the reactor body, wherein a partition is fixed in the sealing cover, the partition having a pressure relief channel, and a control chamber is formed in the sealing cover above the partition; A circular plate attached to the partition is rotatably provided in the control chamber, and a square block is fixed on the circular plate. The circular plate has a pressure-reducing channel that is selectively connected to or staggered with the pressure relief channel. The pressure-reducing channel extends to the interior of the square block. A mounting groove is provided in the lower half of the side wall of the pressure-reducing channel, and the mounting groove passes through the upper surface of the square block. A slider slides inside the decompression channel, an air cylinder is provided between the slider and the top of the decompression channel, a silencer sleeve connected to the air cylinder is installed inside the mounting groove, and the inner annular surface of the silencer sleeve switches between a corrugated shape and a smooth shape; A cone seat is rotatably provided at the bottom end of the slider, and a blade is fixed at the bottom of the cone seat; A first spring is provided inside the gas cylinder, the top end of the first spring abuts against the top of the gas cylinder, and the bottom end of the first spring abuts against the bottom of the gas cylinder; An arc-shaped cutout is provided at one end of the block away from the axis of the circular plate, and the arc-shaped cutout is located in the upper half of the block. A slideway connected to the pressure-reducing channel is provided on the arc-shaped cutout. A telescopic groove is provided on the side of the slider close to the arc-shaped cutout. A telescopic rod is slidably provided inside the telescopic groove, and a second spring is provided inside the telescopic groove. After the slider slides upward, the telescopic rod passes through the slideway and abuts against the bottom end of the arc-shaped cutout.

[0008] Preferably, an arc plate is provided on the side of the block, the arc plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the control chamber, and the arc plate is in abutment with the telescopic rod.

[0009] Preferably, a side plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the slider, the side plate is arc-shaped, and the side plate is attached to the inner wall of the pressure reduction channel.

[0010] Preferably, the lower surface of the sliding block is inclined, and the end close to the mounting groove is inclined upward.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of blades are provided, and the plurality of blades are evenly distributed around the axis of the cone seat.

[0012] Preferably, the blades are S-shaped.

[0013] Preferably, the mounting groove is arranged at an angle, and the end away from the pressure reduction channel is inclined upward.

[0014] Preferably, the top end of the sealing cover is open, and a rotating sleeve is rotatably provided at the opening, the block is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve, and a handle is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention achieves the purpose of force unloading and buffering by providing structures such as a gas cylinder, a silencer sleeve, a cone seat and a first spring, thereby reducing the impact force of high-pressure gas. The switchable wave-shaped structure is used to reduce pressure and noise, while controlling the vortex phenomenon of gas at the bend, thereby improving the efficiency of the safety pressure relief device of the chemical reactor. 2. A wavy structure is formed on the inner ring of the silencer sleeve. When the gas passes through, the wavy structure will change its trajectory and achieve silencer processing by collision. At the same time, the wavy structure can absorb part of the impact energy, thereby reducing the impact force of the gas and achieving safe pressure relief. 3. Since the wavy structure is formed by the inflation of the silencer sleeve, it has elastic deformation characteristics. Compared with directly setting a hard bellows and other structures, it can ensure the effect of reducing the impact force of the gas and silencing the noise; 4. When the gas enters the internal cavity of the silencer sleeve, the expansion of the silencer sleeve also provides a certain elastic support force for the slider, which cooperates with the first spring to ensure the force unloading and buffering effect; 5. After the pressure relief is completed, the inner surface of the silencer sleeve returns to a smooth state, avoiding long-term inflation and extending the service life; 6. By setting up structures such as side panels and telescopic rods, the gas flow is used as the driving force to move the slider upward. In addition, during the pressure relief process, the joint between the installation groove and the pressure relief channel is always kept in a fully open state, ensuring the pressure relief efficiency. At the same time, the gas will not flow arbitrarily and the wavy structure can be maintained. 7. The slider is locked and unlocked by rotating the circular plate, which is easy to operate; 8. By setting the cone seat, blades, etc., the gas flow at the bend is more orderly, reducing the mutual collision and rotational motion between gas molecules, reducing the intensity of eddy currents, reducing the impact of gas on the slider, the inner wall of the pressure reduction channel, etc., dispersing the gas impact force, and reducing noise; 9. The S-shape of the blades makes the gas flow on the blade surface smoother, reduces the gas separation phenomenon, and further reduces the generation of vortexes; and because the gas flows on the blade surface more smoothly, the disordered movement of the gas and the generation of vortexes are reduced, further reducing noise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the safety pressure relief device for a chemical reactor of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reactor body and the sealing cover of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the circular plate and pressure reduction channel of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure in the middle.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the block and circular plate structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the circular plate and pressure reduction channel of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped incision and slideway structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cone seat and blade structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing cover and circular plate structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C in the middle.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing cover and arc plate structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating sleeve and connecting rod structure of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Reactor body; 2. Sealing cover; 3. Block; 4. Control chamber; 5. Pressure relief channel; 6. Circular plate; 7. Partition; 8. Pressure reducing channel; 9. Air cylinder; 10. Slider; 11. Mounting groove; 12. Silencer sleeve; 13. Delivery pipe; 14. Conical seat; 15. First spring; 16. Side plate; 17. Accommodating groove; 18. Arc-shaped incision; 19. Slide; 20. Telescopic groove; 21. Telescopic rod; 22. Second spring; 23. Blade; 24. Arc plate; 25. Rotating sleeve; 26. Handle; 27. Cover plate; 28. Perforated plate; 29. ​​Connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention provides Figures 1 to 13 The safety pressure relief device of a chemical reactor shown in FIG. 1 includes a reactor body 1, a sealing cover 2 is threadedly connected to the top of the reactor body 1, and the sealing cover 2 includes three annular parts with different diameters (refer to FIG. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3), the diameters of the three annular parts decrease in sequence from bottom to top, and an opening is provided at the top of the annular part at the top position for gas discharge. The sealing cover 2 can also be set to other shapes and adjusted according to specific usage.

[0031] In order to realize the pressure relief function, a partition 7 is fixed in the sealing cover 2. A pressure relief channel 5 is opened through the partition 7. A filter can be set in the pressure relief channel 5 to intercept solid floating objects flowing with the gas.

[0032] A control chamber 4 is formed in the sealing cover 2 above the partition 7. A circular plate 6 is rotatably arranged in the control chamber 4. The circular plate 6 is attached to the partition 7, and a rubber pad and other structures are arranged between the circular plate 6 and the partition 7 to reduce wear and ensure sealing.

[0033] The block 3 is fixed on the circular plate 6. When the circular plate 6 rotates, the block 3 is driven to rotate around the axis of the circular plate 6. The top of the block 3 is attached to the inner wall of the sealing cover 2 to ensure the stability of the rotation of the circular plate 6 and the block 3. At the same time, the top of the block 3 is provided with a wear-resistant pad and other structures to reduce wear.

[0034] In actual production, the sealing cover 2 is composed of an upper and lower part using seamless welding and other processes; among them, the partition 7 and the position below it are the lower part, and the position above the partition 7 is the upper part; the lower part is drilled and other operations are performed to form a pressure relief channel 5, and the processed circular plate 6, block 3 and other structures are placed on the partition 7, and then the upper and lower parts are assembled. Other assembly methods can also be used (such as welding the partition 7 to the sealing cover 2). Drilling, welding, assembly, etc. are all existing common technologies and will not be described here.

[0035] A pressure-reducing channel 8 is provided on the circular plate 6, which extends to the interior of the block 3, and the top of the pressure-reducing channel 8 does not penetrate the upper surface of the block 3; the inner diameter of the pressure-reducing channel 8 is consistent with the inner diameter of the pressure relief channel 5; when the block 3 is driven to rotate by the circular plate 6, if the pressure-reducing channel 8 and the pressure relief channel 5 are staggered, the lower surface of the circular plate 6 can close the pressure relief channel 5; if the pressure-reducing channel 8 and the pressure relief channel 5 are connected to each other, gas can enter the pressure-reducing channel 8 from the pressure relief channel 5.

[0036] Furthermore, the sealing cover 2 , the circular plate 6 , etc. are all made of high-strength materials, such as stainless steel, etc., which can withstand high-pressure gas and ensure stability in use.

[0037] In actual use, multiple groups of pressure relief channels 5 and pressure reduction channels 8 can be provided and evenly distributed around the axis of the reactor body 1 to ensure pressure relief efficiency and be adjusted according to specific usage conditions.

[0038] An installation groove 11 is provided in the lower half of the side wall of the pressure reducing channel 8. The installation groove 11 is located on the side of the pressure reducing channel 8 close to the axis of the circular plate 6. The installation groove 11 is arranged at an angle, and the end of the installation groove 11 away from the pressure reducing channel 8 passes through the upper surface of the block 3 and corresponds to the opening at the top of the sealing cover 2.

[0039] The high-pressure gas can enter the pressure-reducing channel 8 through the pressure relief channel 5 and be discharged outward through the mounting groove 11 .

[0040] Taking into account that during pressure relief, high-pressure gas will bring a greater impact force to the pressure-reducing channel 8, especially in the initial stage of pressure relief, the pressure is relatively high, which will affect the service life of the chemical reactor, and a large noise will be generated during the pressure relief process. In order to achieve the functions of pressure relief and noise reduction, a slider 10 is provided for sliding inside the pressure-reducing channel 8, and a rubber pad can be provided on the outer wall of the slider 10 to reduce wear and improve sealing.

[0041] An air cylinder 9 is provided in the depressurization channel 8. The top end of the air cylinder 9 is fixedly connected to the top end of the depressurization channel 8, and the bottom end of the air cylinder 9 is fixedly connected to the slider 10. The air cylinder 9 can be made of but not limited to high-temperature resistant elastic rubber material and is retractable.

[0042] Furthermore, structures such as limiting grooves and limiting blocks (not shown in the figure) may be provided between the outer wall of the slider 10 and the inner wall of the pressure reduction channel 8 to ensure the stability of the slider 10 when sliding up and down.

[0043] A first spring 15 is installed inside the gas cylinder 9. The top end of the first spring 15 abuts the top of the gas cylinder 9, and the bottom end of the first spring 15 abuts the bottom of the gas cylinder 9. When the slider 10 is not subjected to high-pressure gas, the elastic support force of the first spring 15 causes the gas cylinder 9 to expand into a cylindrical shape. At the same time, the slider 10 is located at the bottom of the pressure-reducing channel 8 (the part corresponding to the circular plate 6). At this time, the connection between the mounting groove 11 and the pressure-reducing channel 8 is located above the slider 10.

[0044] The first spring 15 can be made of, but is not limited to, stainless steel, and has a long service life.

[0045] Mounting slot 11 houses a silencer sleeve 12, made of, but not limited to, high-temperature-resistant, elastic rubber. Sleeve 12 has a cavity within its walls, and the thickness of the inner ring of sleeve 12 alternates between thick and thin. When the cavity within sleeve 12 is inflated, the thinner areas deform more significantly, while the thicker areas, due to their thickness, are less susceptible to deformation. This alternating thickness creates a wavy structure around the inner ring of sleeve 12. After the gas is exhausted, the inner ring of sleeve 12 becomes smooth.

[0046] When the gas passes through, its movement trajectory will be changed by the wavy structure, and the noise reduction process will be completed by the collision effect; at the same time, the wavy structure can absorb part of the impact energy, thereby reducing the impact force of the gas and achieving safe pressure relief.

[0047] In addition, since the wavy structure is formed by inflating the silencer sleeve 12 and has elastic deformation characteristics, compared with directly setting a hard bellows and other structures, it can ensure the effect of reducing the impact force of the gas and silencing the noise.

[0048] In order to achieve the connection between the air cylinder 9 and the silencer sleeve 12, a pipe laying groove is reserved at the top of the block 3, and one end of the pipe laying groove is connected to the top of the pressure reducing channel 8, and the other end of the pipe laying groove is connected to the installation groove 11. A delivery pipe 13 is arranged inside the pipe laying groove, and one end of the delivery pipe 13 is connected to the top of the air cylinder 9, and the other end of the delivery pipe 13 is connected to the inner cavity of the silencer sleeve 12. The delivery pipe 13 and the air cylinder 9, and the delivery pipe 13 and the silencer sleeve 12 are arranged as a detachable structure to facilitate the replacement of the air cylinder 9 and the silencer sleeve 12.

[0049] During pressure relief, the pressure reducing channel 8 is correspondingly connected to the pressure relief channel 5, and the gas enters the pressure reducing channel 8 from the pressure relief channel 5, acts on the slider 10 from bottom to top, and pushes the slider 10 to move upward in the pressure reducing channel 8. The first spring 15 contracts to perform force relief and buffering, thereby reducing the impact force of the high-pressure gas on the block 3 and other structures, especially in the initial stage of pressure relief.

[0050] At the same time, the air cylinder 9 is compressed, and the gas inside the air cylinder 9 enters the internal cavity of the silencer sleeve 12 through the delivery pipe 13, so that a wavy structure is formed at the inner ring of the silencer sleeve 12. The gas then passes through the silencer sleeve 12 and uses the wavy structure to reduce pressure and noise.

[0051] When the gas enters the inner cavity of the silencer sleeve 12 , the expansion of the silencer sleeve 12 also provides a certain elastic supporting force for the slider 10 , which cooperates with the first spring 15 to ensure the force unloading and buffering effect.

[0052] After the pressure relief is completed, the restoring force of the first spring 15 causes the slider 10 to return downward, the air cylinder 9 returns to its original state, and the gas in the internal cavity of the silencer sleeve 12 flows back to the inside of the air cylinder 9 through the delivery pipe 13. The inner annular surface of the silencer sleeve 12 returns to a smooth state, avoiding being in an inflated state for a long time and extending its service life.

[0053] The inner surface of the silencer sleeve 12 can be switched between a corrugated shape and a smooth shape to ensure efficiency.

[0054] In order to achieve the effect of guiding the flow, the lower surface of the slider 10 is inclined, and the end close to the installation groove 11 is inclined upward to facilitate the rapid entry of the gas into the silencer sleeve 12.

[0055] Taking into account that the gas pressure will gradually decrease during the pressure relief process, if the gas pressure decreases, the slider 10 will slide downward. At this time, the slider 10 is located in the middle section of the joint between the mounting groove 11 and the pressure reduction channel 8, that is, the gas may enter the pressure reduction channel 8 above the slider 10. In order to avoid this situation, an arc-shaped cutout 18 is provided at the end of the block 3 away from the axis of the circular plate 6, and the arc-shaped cutout 18 is located in the upper half of the block 3; a slideway 19 connected to the pressure reduction channel 8 is provided on the arc-shaped cutout 18.

[0056] A telescopic slot 20 is provided on one side of the slider 10 close to the arc-shaped incision 18, and a telescopic rod 21 is slidably provided inside the telescopic slot 20. A second spring 22 is provided inside the telescopic slot 20, and one end of the second spring 22 is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod 21, and the other end of the second spring 22 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the telescopic slot 20.

[0057] The elastic supporting force of the second spring 22 is smaller than that of the first spring 15 , and a ball structure (not shown) is provided at one end of the telescopic rod 21 away from the second spring 22 to ensure smooth movement.

[0058] When the slider 10 is located in the lower half of the pressure-reducing channel 8, the telescopic rod 21 is retracted into the telescopic groove 20, squeezing the second spring 22 to contract, and the end of the telescopic rod 21 away from the second spring 22 abuts against the inner wall of the pressure-reducing channel 8. After the slider 10 slides upward, when the telescopic rod 21 corresponds to the slide 19, the restoring force of the second spring 22 causes the telescopic rod 21 to pass through the slide 19 and abut against the bottom end of the arc-shaped incision 18.

[0059] In order to limit the upward sliding range of the slider 10 and prevent the bottom end of the slider 10 from being higher than the bottom end of the slide 19 and the gas from flowing out of the slide 19, a side plate 16 is fixedly connected to the top end of the slider 10. The side plate 16 is arc-shaped and fits on the inner wall of the pressure reduction channel 8. The side plate 16 is located on the side of the slider 10 close to the silencer sleeve 12. The top end of the side plate 16 is provided with a receiving groove 17 for accommodating the delivery pipe 13.

[0060] The side plate 16 has an appropriate area and can close the joint between the installation groove 11 and the pressure reduction channel 8.

[0061] An arc plate 24 is provided on the side of the block 3 . The arc plate 24 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the control chamber 4 . The arc plate 24 abuts and cooperates with the telescopic rod 21 .

[0062] Specifically, when the pressure is released, the slider 10 moves upward in the pressure reducing channel 8. When the top of the side plate 16 abuts against the top of the pressure reducing channel 8, the position of the delivery pipe 13 close to the air cylinder 9 is located in the accommodating groove 17; at this time, the telescopic rod 21 corresponds to the bottom end of the slide 19. Under the action of the restoring elastic force of the second spring 22, the telescopic rod 21 passes through the slide 19 and abuts against the bottom end of the arc-shaped cutout 18. At this time, the slider 10 will neither move upward nor downward, ensuring stability in use.

[0063] At the same time, the slider 10 separates the upper and lower halves of the decompression channel 8 , so that the gas will not enter the position above the slider 10 , nor will it flow out of the slideway 19 .

[0064] After the pressure relief is completed, the block 3 is driven to rotate by the circular plate 6. Figure 11 As shown in the figure, the clockwise rotation causes the pressure reducing channel 8 to be offset from the pressure relief channel 5. At this time, the lower surface of the circular plate 6 closes the pressure relief channel 5. At the same time, the telescopic rod 21 contacts the arc plate 24 during the rotation process. The telescopic rod 21 is squeezed by the arc plate 24 and retracts into the interior of the telescopic groove 20. After being completely retracted, it is offset from the arc-shaped incision 18 and the bottom end of the slideway 19. Under the restoring elastic force of the first spring 15, the slider 10 can move downward and reset.

[0065] After the slider 10 moves downward and resets, the side plate 16 closes the joint between the mounting groove 11 and the pressure reduction channel 8 .

[0066] By providing structures such as the side panels 16 and the telescopic rod 21, the gas flow is used as a driving force to move the slider 10 upward. In addition, during the pressure relief process, the joint between the mounting groove 11 and the pressure relief channel 8 is always kept in a fully open state, thereby ensuring the pressure relief efficiency. At the same time, the gas will not flow arbitrarily, and the wavy structure can be maintained.

[0067] In addition, the slider 10 is locked and unlocked by rotating the circular plate 6 , which makes the operation convenient.

[0068] Taking into account that the gas needs to turn and change the flow direction when entering the silencer sleeve 12 from the pressure reduction channel 8, which is prone to generate vortexes, noise, etc., in order to alleviate the above situation, a conical seat 14 is rotatably provided at the bottom end of the slider 10, and a blade 23 is fixed to the bottom of the conical seat 14. The blade 23 is arranged at an angle, and there are multiple blades 23, and the multiple blades 23 are evenly distributed around the axis of the conical seat 14.

[0069] During pressure relief, the conical seat 14 is located at the bend of the gas. When the gas flows along the pressure reduction channel 8 to the conical seat 14, it will act on the blades 23, causing the conical seat 14 to rotate. Through the guidance of the blades 23 and the rotation of the conical seat 14, the flow of gas at the bend is more orderly, reducing the mutual collision and rotational motion between gas molecules, reducing the intensity of eddy currents, reducing the impact of gas on the slider 10, the inner wall of the pressure reduction channel 8 and other positions, dispersing the gas impact force, and reducing noise.

[0070] The blades 23 are S-shaped, which makes the flow of gas on the surface of the blades 23 smoother, reduces the separation of gas, and further reduces the generation of vortices; and because the flow of gas on the surface of the blades 23 is smoother, the disordered movement of gas and the generation of vortices are reduced, further reducing noise.

[0071] The blades 23 may also be configured in other shapes such as sheet-like shapes, depending on the specific usage.

[0072] The present invention achieves the purpose of force unloading and buffering by providing structures such as the gas cylinder 9, the silencer sleeve 12, the cone seat 14 and the first spring 15, reduces the impact force of the high-pressure gas, and uses a switchable wave-shaped structure to reduce pressure and noise, while controlling the vortex phenomenon of the gas at the corners, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the safety pressure relief device of the chemical reactor.

[0073] A porous plate 28 is installed on the top of the installation groove 11. After the gas passes through the silencer sleeve 12 and is reduced in pressure and noise by the wave-shaped structure, it is again reduced in pressure and noise by the porous plate 28 and finally discharged from the top opening of the sealing cover 2.

[0074] In order to control the rotation of the circular plate 6, the block 3 and other structures, a rotating sleeve 25 is rotatably provided at the top opening of the sealing cover 2. A connecting rod 29 is provided between the rotating sleeve 25 and the block 3. The top end of the connecting rod 29 is fixed on the rotating sleeve 25, and the bottom end of the connecting rod 29 is fixed on the block 3 (refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 13 ), realize the synchronous rotation of the rotating sleeve 25 and the block 3.

[0075] A handle 26 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve 25, and a cover plate 27 is fitted on the top of the rotating sleeve 25. The operator can rotate the rotating sleeve 25 by holding the handle 26, thereby rotating the circular plate 6 and the block 3, and controlling the decompression channel 8 and the pressure relief channel 5 to stagger or connect accordingly.

[0076] In addition, a scale or the like is provided on the top of the sealing cover 2 (not shown in the figure) to facilitate the operator to accurately control the rotation angle of the circular plate 6 and the block 3. A latch or the like may also be provided between the sealing cover 2 and the rotating sleeve 25 to position the rotating sleeve 25 after rotation to prevent it from rotating at will.

[0077] After the pressure relief is completed, the operator removes the sealing cover 2 to ensure safe use.

[0078] Working principle: When the reactants in the reactor body 1 react, the pressure reduction channel 8 and the pressure relief channel 5 are staggered to a staggered state, and the reactor body 1 is in a sealed state.

[0079] After the reaction of the reactants is completed, the cover plate 27 is removed, and the operator drives the rotating sleeve 25 to rotate by holding the handle 26, so that the pressure reduction channel 8 is connected to the pressure relief channel 5. The gas enters the pressure reduction channel 8 from the pressure relief channel 5, acts on the slider 10 from bottom to top, and pushes the slider 10 to move upward in the pressure reduction channel 8. The first spring 15 contracts to relieve the force and buffer, thereby reducing the impact of the high-pressure gas on the block 3 and other structures, especially in the initial stage of pressure relief.

[0080] The air cylinder 9 is compressed, and the gas inside the air cylinder 9 enters the inner cavity of the silencer sleeve 12 through the delivery pipe 13, so that a wavy structure is formed at the inner ring of the silencer sleeve 12. The gas then passes through the silencer sleeve 12 and uses the wavy structure to reduce pressure and noise.

[0081] When the gas flows along the pressure-reducing channel 8 to the conical seat 14, it will act on the blades 23, causing the conical seat 14 to rotate. Through the guidance of the blades 23 and the rotation of the conical seat 14, the flow of gas at the bend is more orderly, reducing the mutual collision and rotational motion between gas molecules, reducing the intensity of eddy currents, reducing the impact of gas on the slider 10, the inner wall of the pressure-reducing channel 8 and other positions, dispersing the gas impact force, and reducing noise.

[0082] When the slider 10 moves upward in the pressure-reducing channel 8, when the top of the side plate 16 abuts against the top of the pressure-reducing channel 8, the position of the delivery pipe 13 close to the air cylinder 9 is located in the accommodating groove 17; at this time, the telescopic rod 21 corresponds to the bottom end of the slide 19, and under the restoring elastic force of the second spring 22, the telescopic rod 21 passes through the slide 19 and abuts against the bottom end of the arc-shaped cutout 18. At this time, the slider 10 will neither move upward nor downward, ensuring stability in use.

[0083] At the same time, the slider 10 separates the upper and lower halves of the decompression channel 8 , so that the gas will not enter the position above the slider 10 , nor will it flow out of the slideway 19 .

[0084] After the pressure relief is completed, the block 3 is driven to rotate by the circular plate 6. Figure 11 As shown in the figure, the clockwise rotation causes the pressure reducing channel 8 to be offset from the pressure relief channel 5. At this time, the lower surface of the circular plate 6 closes the pressure relief channel 5. At the same time, the telescopic rod 21 contacts the arc plate 24 during the rotation process. The telescopic rod 21 is squeezed by the arc plate 24 and retracts into the interior of the telescopic groove 20. After being completely retracted, it is offset from the arc-shaped incision 18 and the bottom end of the slideway 19. Under the restoring elastic force of the first spring 15, the slider 10 can move downward and reset.

[0085] The operator then removes the sealing cover 2.

Claims

1. A chemical reactor safety pressure relief device, comprising a reactor body (1) and a sealing cover (2) mounted on the top of the reactor body (1), characterized in that: A partition (7) is fixed in the sealing cover (2), a pressure relief channel (5) is provided on the partition (7), and a control chamber (4) is formed in the sealing cover (2) above the partition (7); A circular plate (6) is rotatably provided in the control chamber (4) and is attached to the partition (7). A block (3) is fixed on the circular plate (6). The circular plate (6) has a pressure-reducing channel (8) that is selectively connected to or staggered with the pressure-relief channel (5). The pressure-reducing channel (8) extends to the interior of the block (3). A mounting groove (11) is provided in the lower half of the side wall of the pressure-reducing channel (8), and the mounting groove (11) passes through the upper surface of the block (3). A slider (10) slides inside the pressure-reducing channel (8), an air cylinder (9) is provided between the slider (10) and the top of the pressure-reducing channel (8), a silencer sleeve (12) connected to the air cylinder (9) is installed inside the mounting groove (11), and the inner annular surface of the silencer sleeve (12) switches between a corrugated shape and a smooth shape; A conical seat (14) is rotatably provided at the bottom end of the slider (10), and a blade (23) is fixed to the bottom of the conical seat (14); A first spring (15) is provided inside the air cylinder (9), the top end of the first spring (15) abuts against the top of the air cylinder (9), and the bottom end of the first spring (15) abuts against the bottom of the air cylinder (9); An arcuate notch (18) is provided at one end of the block (3) away from the axis of the circular plate (6), and the arcuate notch (18) is located in the upper half of the block (3). A slideway (19) connected to the pressure-reducing channel (8) is provided on the arcuate notch (18). A telescopic groove (20) is provided on the side of the slider (10) close to the arcuate notch (18). A telescopic rod (21) is provided inside the telescopic groove (20) for sliding. A second spring (22) is provided inside the telescopic groove (20). After the slider (10) slides upward, the telescopic rod (21) passes through the slideway (19) and abuts against the bottom end of the arcuate notch (18).

2. A chemical reactor safety pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc plate (24) is provided on the side of the block (3), the arc plate (24) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the control chamber (4), and the arc plate (24) is in abutment with the telescopic rod (21).

3. A chemical reactor safety pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the slider (10) is fixedly connected to a side plate (16), which is in an arc shape and fits on the inner wall of the pressure reduction channel (8).

4. A chemical reactor safety pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the slider (10) is inclined, and one end close to the mounting groove (11) is inclined upward.

5. A chemical reactor safety pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of blades (23) are provided, and the plurality of blades (23) are evenly distributed around the axis of the cone seat (14).

6. A chemical reactor safety pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade (23) is in an S shape.

7. A chemical reactor safety pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting groove (11) is arranged at an angle, and the end away from the pressure reduction channel (8) is inclined upward.

8. A chemical reactor safety pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the sealing cover (2) is open, and a rotating sleeve (25) is rotatably provided at the opening. The block (3) is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve (25), and a handle (26) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve (25).

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