Laser cutting device and method for livestock ear tag

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cutting device and method for livestock ear tags, and belongs to the technical field of laser cutting. The laser cutting device comprises a supporting plate, a laser head and a control assembly are arranged above the supporting plate, the laser head is installed in the control assembly, and the control assembly is used for controlling the laser head to move in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction; a plurality of sets of photoelectric distance measuring sensors are installed outside the outer side of the laser head and evenly distributed on the outer side face of the laser head. According to the method, only a preset thickness is cut each time in a layer-by-layer cutting mode, so that heat generated by cutting each layer is relatively less, local overheating is avoided, a heat affected zone is reduced, the cutting quality is improved, in the cutting process, the temperature value of a cutting point is detected in real time through an infrared thermometer, and the cutting efficiency is improved. And the cutting power of the laser head is dynamically adjusted according to the difference value between the actual cutting temperature and the preset cutting temperature, and it is ensured that the cutting process is stable and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting, and more particularly to a laser cutting device and method for livestock ear tags. Background Art

[0002] Livestock ear tags, as a key component of animal identification systems, serve as effective proof of livestock identity in livestock breeding and management. They enable accurate identification and tracking of livestock during the breeding process. Ear tags are typically applied to the ears of livestock and are typically made of plastic. Polyethylene (PE) is a common material for ear tags due to its flexibility, chemical resistance, and relatively low cost.

[0003] In the production of livestock ear tags, the plastic sheet is first selected and then the cutting process begins. Currently, laser cutting equipment is generally used to cut the selected plastic sheet. Laser cutting has many advantages, such as high cutting precision, fast cutting speed, and smooth incision, which can better meet the shape and size requirements of ear tags.

[0004] During the laser cutting process of plastic materials, heat is not easily transferred away due to the material's relatively poor thermal conductivity. Consequently, heat accumulates near the cutting area, leading to an increase in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). This increased HAZ can negatively impact the cutting quality of the plastic sheet, manifesting as deformation, melting, and shrinkage at the sheet edge. These phenomena can severely impact cutting accuracy and product quality, potentially causing the finished ear tags to fail to meet design requirements and usage standards.

[0005] For example, when cutting polyethylene (PE) plastic sheets, as the heat-affected zone increases, the edges of the plastic sheet are prone to wavy deformation. This deformation can cause the actual ear tag dimensions to deviate from the designed dimensions. For example, the length, width, or thickness of the ear tag may not meet the pre-set specifications. Dimensional discrepancies not only affect the ear tag's appearance but may also prevent it from being properly installed or worn during actual use.

[0006] During the cutting process, the surface flatness of the material is also a key issue that requires special attention. If the surface of the material is uneven, the areas with higher fluctuations are closer to the laser head. During laser cutting, these areas will be subjected to stronger laser radiation, causing the temperature to rise rapidly. Because plastic materials are prone to shrinkage and deformation at high temperatures, the probability of wavy deformation on the edges of these areas will be greatly increased. This will not only further affect cutting accuracy and product quality, but may also lead to material waste and increase production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser cutting device and method for livestock ear tags, which can achieve layer-by-layer cutting, cutting only a preset thickness each time, so that the heat generated by each layer of cutting is relatively small, avoiding local overheating, thereby reducing the heat-affected zone and improving the cutting quality. During the cutting process, the temperature value of the cutting point is detected in real time by an infrared thermometer, and the cutting power of the laser head is dynamically adjusted according to the difference between the actual cutting temperature and the preset cutting temperature, ensuring a stable and efficient cutting process.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0009] A laser cutting device and method for livestock ear tags, comprising a support plate, a laser head and a control assembly disposed above the support plate, the laser head mounted within the control assembly for controlling movement of the laser head along the X-axis and Y-axis directions, multiple groups of photoelectric distance measuring sensors mounted on the outer surface of the laser head, the multiple groups of photoelectric distance measuring sensors evenly distributed on the outer surface of the laser head for detecting the height of the cut portion of the object being cut, and an infrared thermometer mounted on the control assembly for measuring the temperature of the cutting track on the surface of the object being cut.

[0010] The control assembly is also equipped with a multi-layer cutting module and a power adjustment module. The multi-layer cutting module is used to control the laser head to cut layer by layer along the cutting track according to the preset cutting track, and each cutting only cuts the preset thickness; after each layer is cut, the temperature in the cutting track is detected by an infrared thermometer. When cutting each subsequent layer, the lowest temperature point in the cutting track of the previous layer is used as the starting point for cutting the next layer. If there are multiple points with the same lowest temperature, the point farthest from the end point of the previous layer is selected as the starting point for cutting the next layer, and the laser head is controlled to move along the track to the highest temperature point, and the track with the longest distance is selected during movement;

[0011] The power adjustment module is used to move the laser head along a preset cutting trajectory, detect the distance between the laser head and the cutting object in real time through a photoelectric distance sensor; automatically adjust the power of the laser head to the corresponding power according to the distance between the laser head and the cutting object; record the distance between the laser head and the cutting object at each location in the trajectory during the first layer cutting, and adjust the laser head to the corresponding power in advance according to the historical recorded data when cutting to the corresponding position in the subsequent cutting.

[0012] Furthermore, after each layer is cut, an infrared thermometer is used to measure the temperature at predetermined intervals along the cutting track, and the maximum temperature point and the minimum temperature point are selected from the measurement points.

[0013] Furthermore, the cutting temperature is determined in advance according to the material of the cutting object. When the laser head is cutting along the cutting track, the cutting temperature at the laser head is detected in real time by an infrared thermometer. If the actual cutting temperature does not match the preset cutting temperature, the preset cutting temperature is subtracted from the actual cutting temperature. The direction of the laser head power adjustment is determined according to the positive or negative sign of the difference. The absolute value of the difference is multiplied by the power adjustment coefficient to obtain the laser head power adjustment value. The laser head is adjusted to the corresponding power according to the power adjustment value.

[0014] Furthermore, based on the material properties of the cutting object, the safe power value of the laser head for cutting the object at different distances is determined through experiments in advance, and a laser power and distance mapping model is established. According to the distance detected by the photoelectric ranging sensor, the detected distance is input into the laser power and distance mapping model to obtain the corresponding laser power, and the power of the laser head is adjusted according to the obtained corresponding laser power.

[0015] Furthermore, during the layer-by-layer cutting process, the distance between the laser head and the cutting object is detected in real time by a photoelectric distance measuring sensor. If the actual detected distance does not match the recorded distance, the record is automatically updated, and the laser head power is adjusted accordingly based on the new detected distance.

[0016] Furthermore, a support frame is fixedly installed at the lower end of the support plate, and a movable mounting plate is provided at the front and rear ends of the support plate. A mounting seat and a first motor are fixedly installed at the upper end of the movable plate. A rotating roller is installed at one end of the mounting seat and the first motor, and the rotating roller is rotatably connected to the mounting seat, and the rotating roller is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor, and a first belt is wrapped around the rotating roller.

[0017] Furthermore, a fixed plate is provided below the movable plate, and the left and right ends of the fixed plate are fixedly connected to the support frame, a spring is fixedly connected between the movable plate and the fixed plate, a screw rod is rotatably connected at the center position of the lower end surface of the movable plate, the lower end of the screw rod passes through the fixed plate and is fixedly connected to a rotating disk, the screw rod is threadedly connected to the fixed plate, and a limiting axis is movably provided at both ends of the movable plate and the fixed plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the control component includes a mounting frame, the lower end of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to a support column, the support column is fixedly connected to the support frame, the infrared thermometer is installed on the mounting frame, a second motor is installed on the mounting frame, the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to a transmission rod, a pulley 1 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the transmission rod near both ends, a second belt is wrapped around the pulley, and a pulley 2 is wrapped around the end of the second belt away from the transmission rod, and the pulley 2 is installed on the mounting frame.

[0019] Furthermore, a cross bar is provided above the mounting frame, and a third motor is installed at one end of the cross bar, and a pulley three is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the third motor, and a third belt is wound around the pulley three, and a pulley four is wound around the end of the third belt away from the third motor, and the pulley four is mounted on the cross bar, and a first movable seat is slidably provided on the cross bar, and the upper end of the first movable seat is fixedly connected to the third belt, and the laser head is mounted on the lower end of the first movable seat, and a second movable seat is fixedly installed at the front and rear ends of the lower surface of the cross bar, and the second movable seat is slidably provided on the mounting frame, and the second movable seat is fixedly connected to the corresponding second belt.

[0020] The present invention also provides a laser cutting method, which is applicable to a laser cutting device for livestock ear tags, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Pass the plastic sheet under the first belt, turn the rotating disk so that the first belt presses the edge of the plastic sheet, and then control the laser head along the preset motion trajectory through the control component to perform the cutting operation;

[0022] Step 2: Control the laser head to cut layer by layer along the preset cutting track. Each time, only the preset thickness is cut. After each layer is cut, the starting point is changed to perform the cutting operation again.

[0023] Step 3: During the cutting process, the infrared thermometer detects the temperature of the cutting point in real time and dynamically adjusts the cutting power of the laser head;

[0024] Step 4: Establish a laser power and distance mapping model in advance, use a photoelectric distance sensor to detect the distance between the laser head and the cutting object in real time, and dynamically adjust the power of the laser head based on the distance detected by the photoelectric distance sensor;

[0025] Step 5: When cutting the first layer, record the distance between the laser head and the object at each location in the track. When cutting to the corresponding location later, adjust the laser head to the corresponding power in advance according to the historical recorded data.

[0026] Step 6: During the layer-by-layer cutting process, if the actual detected distance does not match the recorded distance, the record will be automatically updated, and the laser head power will be adjusted accordingly based on the new detected distance.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) This solution uses a layer-by-layer cutting method, cutting only the preset thickness each time, so that the heat generated by each layer of cutting is relatively small, avoiding local overheating, thereby reducing the heat-affected zone and improving the cutting quality. During the cutting process, the temperature value of the cutting point is detected in real time by an infrared thermometer, and the cutting power of the laser head is dynamically adjusted according to the difference between the actual cutting temperature and the preset cutting temperature, ensuring a stable and efficient cutting process.

[0029] (2) This solution uses a photoelectric distance sensor to detect the distance between the laser head and the object being cut in real time during the first layer of cutting, and dynamically adjusts the power of the laser head according to the distance to ensure the consistency of the cutting effect. In the subsequent cutting process, based on historical data, it is possible to know in advance where the laser head needs to adjust its power on the trajectory, so that preparations can be made in advance and the cutting parameters can be adjusted according to the preset strategy to avoid temporary inability to react, ensure the stability and accuracy of the cutting process, and effectively prevent cutting quality problems caused by the uneven surface of the object being cut.

[0030] (3) In the subsequent cutting process of this solution, the photoelectric distance measuring sensor continues to monitor the actual height in real time. If the actual detected distance is inconsistent with the recorded distance, the record is automatically updated. At the same time, the laser head is adjusted to the corresponding power based on the new detected distance to minimize the cutting quality problems caused by uneven surface and ensure the smooth surface of the finished cut product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is an external view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the support frame and support plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first belt of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting base and the rotating roller of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the control component of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the laser head of the present invention.

[0038] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0039] 1. Support frame; 2. Support plate; 3. Laser head; 4. Infrared thermometer; 5. Photoelectric distance sensor; 6. Moving plate; 7. Mounting seat; 8. First motor; 9. First belt; 10. Rotating roller; 11. Limiting shaft; 12. Fixed plate; 13. Spring; 14. Screw; 15. Rotating disk; 16. Support column; 17. Mounting frame; 18. Second motor; 19. Transmission rod; 20. Second belt; 21. Third motor; 22. First moving seat; 23. Third belt; 24. Cross bar; 25. Second moving seat; 26. Support rod; 27. Support roller; 28. Plastic sheet coil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] See also Figures 1 to 6 A laser cutting device for livestock ear tags includes a support plate 2. A laser head 3 and a control assembly are provided above the support plate 2. The laser head 3 is installed in the control assembly. The control assembly is used to control the movement of the laser head 3 along the X-axis and Y-axis directions. Multiple groups of photoelectric distance sensors 5 are installed on the outer side of the laser head 3. The multiple groups of photoelectric distance sensors 5 are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the laser head 3. The photoelectric distance sensors 5 are used to detect the height of the cutting part of the cutting object. An infrared thermometer 4 is also installed on the control assembly. The infrared thermometer 4 is used to measure the temperature of the cutting track on the surface of the cutting object.

[0042] The lower end of the support plate 2 is fixedly installed with a support frame 1, and the front and rear ends of the support plate 2 are both provided with a mounting plate 6. The upper end of the movable plate 6 is fixedly installed with a mounting seat 7 and a first motor 8. One end of the mounting seat 7 and the first motor 8 are both installed with a rotating roller 10, and the rotating roller 10 is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 7. The rotating roller 10 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 8, and a first belt 9 is wrapped around the rotating roller 10. A fixed plate 12 is provided below the movable plate 6, and the left and right ends of the fixed plate 12 are fixedly connected to the support frame 1. A spring 13 is fixedly connected between the movable plate 6 and the fixed plate 12. A screw rod 14 is rotatably connected at the center position of the lower end surface of the movable plate 6, and the lower end of the screw rod 14 passes through the fixed plate 12 and is fixedly connected to a rotating disk 15. The screw rod 14 is threadedly connected to the fixed plate 12, and a limit shaft 11 is movably provided at both ends of the movable plate 6 and the fixed plate 12.

[0043] During operation, the staff installs the plastic sheet coil 28 on the unloading rack, which is composed of a support roller 27 and a support rod 26. Specifically, the support roller 27 is passed through the center of the plastic sheet coil 28 so that the two ends of the support roller 27 leak out from the center of the plastic sheet coil 28, and then the two ends of the support roller 27 are respectively inserted into the mounting holes on the support rod 26, which is installed on the support plate 2. After the plastic sheet coil 28 is installed, one end of the plastic sheet coil 28 is pulled out along the pull-out support plate 2 and pulled to the left end, while the plastic sheet material is passed under the first belt 9. Then, the rotating disk 15 is twisted forward, and the rotating disk 15 drives the screw rod 14 to rotate forward. When the screw rod 14 rotates forward, it will pull the movable plate 6 downward. During the movement, the movable plate 6 will drive the components installed at the upper end to move downward synchronously, so that the rotating roller 10 will move downward synchronously, so that the first belt 9 is pressed on the edge position of the plastic sheet material, and then the laser head 3 is turned on for cutting. After the laser head 3 completes the cutting at the corresponding position, the first motor 8 drives the corresponding rotating roller 10 to rotate, and the rotating roller 10 will drive the first belt 9 to rotate. The outer surface of the first belt 9 is rough, which increases the friction between the first belt 9 and the plastic sheet material. In this way, during the rotation of the first belt 9, the plastic sheet material will be pulled by friction to move to the left, and then the plastic sheet material to be cut will move to the bottom of the laser head 3 and the cutting operation will be performed.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, the control component is further equipped with a multi-layer cutting module and a power adjustment module. The multi-layer cutting module is used to control the laser head 3 to cut layer by layer along the cutting track according to a preset cutting track, and each cutting only cuts the preset thickness; after each layer is cut, the temperature in the cutting track is detected by the infrared thermometer 4. When cutting each subsequent layer, the lowest temperature point in the cutting track of the previous layer is used as the starting point for cutting the next layer. If there are multiple points with the same lowest temperature, the point farthest from the end point of the previous layer is selected as the starting point for cutting the next layer, and the laser head 3 is controlled to move along the track toward the highest temperature point, and the track with the longest distance is selected during the movement;

[0045] After each layer is cut, the infrared thermometer 4 is used to measure the temperature at predetermined intervals along the cutting path, and the maximum and minimum temperature points are selected from the measurement points.

[0046] The cutting temperature is determined in advance according to the material of the cutting object. When the laser head 3 cuts along the cutting track, the cutting temperature at the laser head 3 is detected in real time by the infrared thermometer 4. If the actual cutting temperature does not match the preset cutting temperature, the preset cutting temperature is subtracted from the actual cutting temperature. The direction of the power adjustment of the laser head 3 is determined according to the positive or negative sign of the difference. The absolute value of the difference is multiplied by the power adjustment coefficient to obtain the power adjustment value of the laser head 3. The laser head 3 is adjusted to the corresponding power according to the power adjustment value.

[0047] During operation, the laser head 3 cuts thin sheets along a cutting path according to a preset cutting thickness, cutting only the preset cutting thickness at a time. The cutting action is repeated multiple times to complete the overall cutting task. Each thin layer is cut, so the heat generated by each layer is relatively low, and the heat generated by the previous layer has time to dissipate before cutting the next layer. Applying a small amount of heat each time avoids local overheating, ensuring cutting quality, and preventing problems such as edge deformation of the plastic sheet caused by excessive heat at one time. The preset thickness can be 10% to 20% of the material thickness. After each layer is cut, an infrared thermometer 4 measures the cutting path at predetermined intervals. For example, if the distance is 3 mm, each 3 mm interval is a measurement point. The maximum and minimum temperature points are selected from these measurement points, and the minimum temperature point is used as the starting point for cutting the next layer. If there are multiple points with the same minimum temperature, the point farthest from the end point of the previous layer is selected as the starting point for cutting the next layer. The distance between the starting point and the end point of the previous layer is the distance between the starting point and the end point of the previous layer, not the linear distance between the two points. The laser head 3 moves from the starting point to the highest temperature point. According to the actual situation, there are two movement trajectories for the laser head 3 from the starting point to the highest temperature point. The one with the longest distance from the starting point to the highest temperature point is selected. This is because the temperature near the end point of the first layer is relatively high at the end of cutting and requires more time to cool. Selecting a point far away from it as the starting point can avoid cutting in an area that has not yet fully cooled, preventing excessive heat accumulation. This can make the heat distribution during the cutting process more even and reduce the possibility of deformation, melting and other problems of the plastic sheet due to local overheating. The longer path means that the laser head 3 arrives at the high-temperature area later, leaving more time for the high-temperature area to cool, reducing the probability of adverse deformation of the plastic sheet due to high temperature and ensuring cutting quality. The appropriate cutting temperature, also known as the preset cutting temperature, is determined in advance based on the material of the object being cut. As the laser head 3 cuts along the cutting trajectory, the infrared thermometer 4 detects the cutting temperature at the laser head 3 in real time. If the actual cutting temperature does not match the preset cutting temperature, the preset cutting temperature is subtracted from the actual cutting temperature. The direction of power adjustment for the laser head 3 is determined based on the sign of the difference. If the difference is positive, it indicates that the actual cutting temperature is higher than the preset cutting temperature, and the power of the laser head 3 needs to be reduced. If the difference is negative, it indicates that the actual cutting temperature is lower than the preset cutting temperature, and the power of the laser head 3 needs to be increased. The specific adjustment method for the laser head 3 is to multiply the absolute value of the difference by the power adjustment coefficient to obtain the power adjustment value for the laser head 3. The laser head 3 is then adjusted to the corresponding power based on the power adjustment value. The adjustment process should be smooth to avoid unstable cutting quality caused by sudden changes in power. For example, the power can be adjusted gradually to the target value within a certain time interval.This power adjustment coefficient can be obtained by conducting multiple tests based on the characteristics of the cutting material. The characteristics of each material are different, so the power adjustment coefficient corresponding to each material is different.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, the power adjustment module is used to detect the distance between the laser head 3 and the object to be cut in real time through the photoelectric distance sensor 5 as the laser head 3 moves along a preset cutting trajectory; automatically adjust the power of the laser head 3 to a corresponding power according to the distance between the laser head 3 and the object to be cut; record the distance between the laser head 3 and the object to be cut at each location in the trajectory during the first layer cutting, and adjust the laser head 3 to a corresponding power in advance based on the historical recorded data when the laser head 3 is cut to the corresponding location in the subsequent cutting;

[0049] Based on the material properties of the cutting object, the safe power value of the laser head 3 at different distances is determined experimentally in advance, and a laser power and distance mapping model is established. According to the distance detected by the photoelectric distance measuring sensor 5, the detected distance is input into the laser power and distance mapping model to obtain the corresponding laser power. The power of the laser head 3 is adjusted according to the obtained corresponding laser power;

[0050] During the layer-by-layer cutting process, the distance between the laser head 3 and the cutting object is detected in real time by the photoelectric distance measuring sensor 5. If the actual detected distance does not match the recorded distance, the record is automatically updated, and the corresponding power of the laser head 3 is adjusted according to the new detected distance.

[0051] During operation, the corresponding photoelectric distance sensor 5 is called up at any time according to the movement trajectory during the cutting process. In this way, the photoelectric distance sensor 5 can measure the distance between the laser head 3 and the object being cut in real time during the movement of the laser head 3. During the cutting process, when a distance change is detected, the corresponding laser power value is found from the laser power and distance mapping model based on the acquired distance, and then the laser head 3 is controlled to adjust to the corresponding power. For example, if the cut plastic sheet has undulating surfaces, the concave areas will increase the distance between the cutting position and the laser head 3, resulting in less laser energy received, making it impossible to effectively cut. If the raised point is close to the laser head 3 and receives more laser energy, it is easy to cause the temperature of the cutting area to rise rapidly, which can easily cause the cut edge to deform. During the first layer of cutting, the distance between the laser head 3 and the plastic sheet at each point in the cutting trajectory is recorded in real time. For example, the distance between the laser head 3 and the plastic sheet is recorded every 1 mm along the cutting trajectory. The recorded data is used as historical data. In the subsequent cutting process of each layer, the laser head 3 can be known in advance based on the historical data at which point in the trajectory the power adjustment is required. Preparations can be made in advance and the cutting parameters can be adjusted according to the preset strategy to avoid temporary inaction, ensure the stability and accuracy of the cutting process, and effectively prevent cutting quality problems caused by uneven surfaces of the cut object. In the subsequent cutting process, the photoelectric distance sensor 5 continues to monitor the actual height in real time. If the actual detected distance does not match the recorded distance, the record is automatically updated. At the same time, the laser head 3 is adjusted to the corresponding power based on the new detected distance to minimize cutting quality problems caused by uneven surfaces and ensure the smooth surface of the cut product.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the control component includes a mounting frame 17, the lower end of the mounting frame 17 is fixedly connected to the support column 16, the support column 16 is fixedly connected to the support frame 1, the infrared thermometer 4 is mounted on the mounting frame 17, and a second motor 18 is mounted on the mounting frame 17. The output end of the second motor 18 is fixedly connected to a transmission rod 19, and a pulley 1 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the transmission rod 19 near both ends. A second belt 20 is wound around the pulley, and a pulley 2 is wound around the end of the second belt 20 away from the transmission rod 19. The pulley 2 is mounted on the mounting frame 17, and a cross bar 24 is provided above the mounting frame 17. One end of the cross bar 24 A third motor 21 is installed, and a pulley three is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the third motor 21. A third belt 23 is wound around the pulley three, and a pulley four is wound around the end of the third belt 23 away from the third motor 21. The pulley four is installed on the cross bar 24, and a first movable seat 22 is slidably provided on the cross bar 24. The upper end of the first movable seat 22 is fixedly connected to the third belt 23, and the laser head 3 is installed at the lower end of the first movable seat 22. The second movable seat 25 is fixedly installed at the front and rear ends of the lower surface of the cross bar 24. The second movable seat 25 is slidably provided on the mounting frame 17, and the second movable seat 25 is fixedly connected to the corresponding second belt 20.

[0053] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to control the laser head 3 to move along the X-axis and Y-axis directions, the second motor 18 controls the transmission rod 19 to rotate forward and backward. The forward and backward rotation of the transmission rod 19 can control the second belt 20 to move forward and backward. The forward and backward movement of the second belt 20 drives the second movable seat 25 to move left and right on the mounting frame 17. During the movement, the second movable seat 25 will drive the cross bar 24 to move left and right, and the left and right movement of the cross bar 24 will drive the laser head 3 to move left and right; when it is necessary to move forward and backward, by controlling the third motor 21 to rotate forward and backward, the third motor 21 will drive the third belt 23 to move forward and backward. During the forward and backward movement, the third belt 23 will drive the first movable seat 22 to move forward and backward on the cross bar 24. When the first movable seat 22 moves forward and backward, it will drive the laser head 3 to move forward and backward. The cooperation between the second motor 18 and the third motor 21 realizes the control of the laser head 3 to move along the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

[0054] The present invention also provides a laser cutting method, which is applicable to a laser cutting device for livestock ear tags, comprising the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Pass the plastic sheet under the first belt 9, turn the rotating disk 15 to make the first belt 9 press the edge of the plastic sheet, and then control the laser head 3 along the preset motion trajectory through the control component to perform the cutting operation;

[0056] Step 2: Control the laser head 3 to cut layer by layer along the preset cutting track, cutting only the preset thickness each time, and re-changing the starting point after each layer is cut to perform the cutting operation;

[0057] Step 3: During the cutting process, the infrared thermometer 4 detects the temperature of the cutting point in real time and dynamically adjusts the cutting power of the laser head 3;

[0058] Step 4: Establish a laser power and distance mapping model in advance, use the photoelectric distance sensor 5 to detect the distance between the laser head 3 and the cutting object in real time, and dynamically adjust the power of the laser head 3 based on the distance detected by the photoelectric distance sensor 5;

[0059] Step 5: When cutting the first layer, record the distance between the laser head 3 and the object at each location in the track. When cutting to the corresponding location later, adjust the laser head 3 to the corresponding power in advance according to the historical recorded data.

[0060] Step 6: During the layer-by-layer cutting process, if the actual detected distance does not match the recorded distance, the record is automatically updated, and the power of the laser head 3 is adjusted to the corresponding value according to the new detected distance.

[0061] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or modifications based on the technical solutions and improved concepts of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for livestock ear tags, comprising a support plate (2), characterized in that: A laser head (3) and a control assembly are provided above the support plate (2). The laser head (3) is installed in the control assembly. The control assembly is used to control the laser head (3) to move along the X-axis and Y-axis directions. A plurality of groups of photoelectric distance sensors (5) are installed on the outer side of the laser head (3). The plurality of groups of photoelectric distance sensors (5) are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the laser head (3). The photoelectric distance sensors (5) are used to detect the height of the cutting portion of the cutting object. An infrared thermometer (4) is also installed on the control assembly. The infrared thermometer (4) is used to measure the temperature of the cutting track on the surface of the cutting object. The control component is also equipped with a multi-layer cutting module and a power adjustment module. The multi-layer cutting module is used to control the laser head (3) to cut layer by layer along the cutting track according to the preset cutting track, and each cutting only cuts the preset thickness; after each layer is cut, the temperature in the cutting track is detected by the infrared thermometer (4), and when each subsequent layer is cut, the lowest temperature point in the cutting track of the previous layer is used as the starting point for cutting the next layer. If there are multiple points with the same lowest temperature, the point farthest from the end point of the previous layer is selected as the starting point for cutting the next layer, and the laser head (3) is controlled to move along the track to the highest temperature point, and the track with the longest distance is selected when moving; The power adjustment module is used to detect the distance between the laser head (3) and the object to be cut in real time through a photoelectric distance sensor (5) as the laser head (3) moves along a preset cutting track; automatically adjust the power of the laser head (3) to a corresponding power according to the distance between the laser head (3) and the object to be cut; and record the distance between the laser head (3) and the object to be cut at each position in the track during the first layer cutting, and adjust the laser head (3) to a corresponding power in advance according to the historical recorded data when the laser head (3) is cut to a corresponding position in the subsequent cutting.

2. The laser cutting device for livestock ear tags according to claim 1, characterized in that: After each layer is cut, an infrared thermometer (4) is used to measure at predetermined intervals on the cutting track, and a maximum temperature point and a minimum temperature point are selected from the measurement points.

3. The laser cutting device for livestock ear tags according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutting temperature is determined in advance according to the material of the object to be cut. When the laser head (3) cuts along the cutting track, the cutting temperature at the laser head (3) is detected in real time by an infrared thermometer (4). If the actual cutting temperature does not match the preset cutting temperature, the preset cutting temperature is subtracted from the actual cutting temperature. The direction of power adjustment of the laser head (3) is determined according to the positive or negative sign of the difference. The absolute value of the difference is multiplied by the power adjustment coefficient to obtain the power adjustment value of the laser head (3). The laser head (3) is adjusted to the corresponding power according to the power adjustment value.

4. The laser cutting device for livestock ear tags according to claim 3, characterized in that: According to the material characteristics of the cutting object, the safe power value of the laser head (3) for cutting the object at different distances is determined in advance through experiments, and a laser power and distance mapping model is established. According to the distance detected by the photoelectric distance sensor (5), the detected distance is input into the laser power and distance mapping model to obtain the corresponding laser power, and the power of the laser head (3) is adjusted according to the obtained corresponding laser power.

5. The laser cutting device for livestock ear tags according to claim 4, characterized in that: During the layer-by-layer cutting process, the distance between the laser head (3) and the cutting object is detected in real time by the photoelectric distance measuring sensor (5). If the actual detected distance does not match the recorded distance, the record is automatically updated, and the power of the laser head (3) is adjusted to the corresponding level according to the new detected distance.

6. The laser cutting device for livestock ear tags according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the support plate (2) is fixedly mounted with a support frame (1); the front and rear ends of the support plate (2) are both provided with mounting movable plates (6); the upper end of the movable plate (6) is fixedly mounted with a mounting seat (7) and a first motor (8); one end of each of the mounting seat (7) and the first motor (8) is mounted with a rotating roller (10); the rotating roller (10) is rotatably connected to the mounting seat (7); the rotating roller (10) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor (8); and a first belt (9) is wound around the rotating roller (10).

7. The laser cutting device and method for livestock ear tags according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fixed plate (12) is provided below the movable plate (6), and the left and right ends of the fixed plate (12) are fixedly connected to the support frame (1). A spring (13) is fixedly connected between the movable plate (6) and the fixed plate (12). A screw rod (14) is rotatably connected to the center position of the lower end surface of the movable plate (6). The lower end of the screw rod (14) passes through the fixed plate (12) and is fixedly connected to a rotating disk (15). The screw rod (14) is threadedly connected to the fixed plate (12). A limit shaft (11) is movably provided at both ends of the movable plate (6) and the fixed plate (12).

8. The laser cutting device and method for livestock ear tags according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control assembly includes a mounting frame (17), the lower end of the mounting frame (17) is fixedly connected to a support column (16), the support column (16) is fixedly connected to the support frame (1), the infrared thermometer (4) is mounted on the mounting frame (17), a second motor (18) is mounted on the mounting frame (17), the output end of the second motor (18) is fixedly connected to a transmission rod (19), a pulley 1 is fixedly mounted at a position near both ends of the outer circumference of the transmission rod (19), a second belt (20) is wound around the pulley, and a pulley 2 is wound around the end of the second belt (20) away from the transmission rod (19), and the pulley 2 is mounted on the mounting frame (17).

9. The laser cutting device for livestock ear tags according to claim 8, characterized in that: A cross bar (24) is provided above the mounting frame (17), one end of the cross bar (24) is provided with a third motor (21), a pulley three is fixedly provided on the output shaft of the third motor (21), a third belt (23) is wound around the pulley three, an end of the third belt (23) away from the third motor (21) is wound around the pulley four, the pulley four is installed on the cross bar (24), a first movable seat (22) is slidably provided on the cross bar (24), the upper end of the first movable seat (22) is fixedly connected to the third belt (23), the laser head (3) is installed at the lower end of the first movable seat (22), a second movable seat (25) is fixedly provided at the positions of the front and rear ends on the lower surface of the cross bar (24), the second movable seat (25) is slidably provided on the mounting frame (17), and the second movable seat (25) is fixedly connected to the corresponding second belt (20).

10. A laser cutting method, applicable to the laser cutting device for livestock ear tags according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Pass the plastic sheet under the first belt (9), turn the rotating disk (15) to make the first belt (9) press the edge of the plastic sheet, and then control the laser head (3) to perform cutting along a preset motion trajectory through the control component; Step 2, controlling the laser head (3) to cut layer by layer along the preset cutting track, cutting only the preset thickness each time, and re-changing the starting point after each layer is cut to perform the cutting operation; Step 3: During the cutting process, the infrared thermometer (4) detects the temperature of the cutting point in real time and dynamically adjusts the cutting power of the laser head (3); Step 4: Establishing a laser power and distance mapping model in advance, detecting the distance between the laser head (3) and the cutting object in real time through the photoelectric distance sensor (5), and dynamically adjusting the power of the laser head (3) based on the distance detected by the photoelectric distance sensor (5); Step 5, when cutting the first layer, the distance between the laser head (3) and the object to be cut is recorded at each position in the track, and when cutting to the corresponding position subsequently, the laser head (3) is adjusted to the corresponding power in advance according to the historical recorded data; Step 6: During the layer-by-layer cutting process, if the actual detected distance does not match the recorded distance, the record is automatically updated, and the power of the laser head (3) is adjusted to the corresponding power according to the new detected distance.

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