Asphalt mixture for paving sponge city road, preparation method and sponge city road

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of modified asphalt, and particularly relates to an asphalt mixture for road paving of a sponge city, a preparation method and a sponge city road. The asphalt mixture for road paving of the sponge city is prepared from matrix asphalt, MOFs (Metal-Organic Frameworks) loaded bimetal and modified ceramic aggregate, the MOFs loaded bimetal is Fe / Cu coated UiO-66 formed by loading Fe < 3 + > and Cu < 2 + > on zirconium-based MOFs. The MOFs loaded bimetallic catalyst disclosed by the invention has efficient purification capacity, and can degrade pollutants and adsorb heavy metal ions (Pb < 2 + > and Cd < 2 + >) under visible light; the quaternary ammonium salt modified ceramic aggregate intercepts negatively charged pollutants (such as PO4 < 3-> and NO3 <->) through electrostatic adsorption, an adsorption-catalysis synergistic purification mechanism is formed, and the rainwater runoff purification efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of road asphalt, and in particular relates to an asphalt mixture for paving roads in sponge cities, a preparation method, and a sponge city road. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of sponge city construction, permeable asphalt pavement, as a key infrastructure, needs to meet multiple functional requirements such as permeability, purification, and load-bearing. However, existing technologies have significant shortcomings in multi-functional coordination and long-term stability, which are specifically manifested in the following three aspects:

[0003] Current permeable asphalt technologies primarily focus on improving permeability, such as increasing porosity through grading optimization. However, these technologies fail to address the purification of pollutants (such as heavy metals and organic pollutants) from stormwater runoff. In practice, these pavements are prone to pore clogging due to pollutant retention in industrial or heavily trafficked areas, reducing permeability and potentially causing secondary pollution.

[0004] To address pollutant purification needs, some technologies have attempted to incorporate photocatalytic components, but these implementations suffer from fundamental flaws. For example, existing techniques directly blend nano-TiO2 powder. Due to the high surface energy of the nanoparticles and their poor compatibility with asphalt, they severely agglomerate during mixing and service, resulting in a decrease in specific surface area and quantum efficiency. More critically, TiO2's dependence on UV light (it only responds to light with wavelengths less than 387nm) means its actual purification efficiency under natural sunlight is less than 30% of its theoretical value.

[0005] To improve environmental friendliness, asphalt is modified by adding bio-based materials such as soybean oil and waste rubber, but its weather resistance is difficult to meet the harsh road environment.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical bottlenecks make it difficult for existing permeable asphalt materials to be stably used in complex environments such as high pollution loads, rainy and humid environments. There is an urgent need to develop a composite modified asphalt system that has high efficiency permeability, directional purification, self-repairing, and long-term durability to meet the diversified needs of sponge city construction. Summary of the Invention

[0007] (1) Technical issues to be resolved

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an asphalt mixture for sponge city road paving, a preparation method and a sponge city road, which solve the technical problems in the prior art of reliance on ultraviolet rays, poor compatibility with asphalt and difficulty in meeting the weather resistance requirements of harsh road environments.

[0009] (2) Technical solution

[0010] In the first aspect, the present invention provides an asphalt mixture for sponge city road paving, which comprises: matrix asphalt, MOFs loaded bimetallic and modified ceramic aggregate; the MOFs loaded bimetallic is zirconium-based MOFs loaded Fe 3+ and Cu 2+ Formed Fe / Cu@UiO-66.

[0011] Optionally, the asphalt mixture includes, by mass, 5-10 parts of base asphalt, 0.5-0.7 parts of MOFs-loaded bimetallic and 90-100 parts of modified ceramic aggregate.

[0012] Furthermore, in parts by mass, the asphalt mixture includes 6 parts by mass of base asphalt, 0.6 parts by mass of MOFs-loaded bimetallic and 94 parts by mass of modified ceramic aggregate.

[0013] Optionally, the preparation method of the MOFs-loaded bimetallic Fe / Cu@UiO-66 comprises the steps of:

[0014] Dissolve Fe(NO3)3·9H2O and CuCl2 in DMF and stir until completely dissolved; add UiO-66-NH2 powder and disperse by ultrasonication;

[0015] Transfer the mixed solution into a reactor and react at a constant temperature of 60-100°C;

[0016] The solid product was separated by centrifugation, washed alternately with DMF and ethanol, and dried under vacuum at 70-65°C to obtain Fe / Cu@UiO-66 powder.

[0017] Optionally, the preparation method of the modified ceramic aggregate, i.e., the ceramic aggregate with quaternary ammonium salt grafted on the surface, includes the steps of: plasma treating the ceramic aggregate for 4-6 minutes, immersing it in a 0.4-0.6 mol / L hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide solution, and stirring; taking it out and rinsing it with ethanol, and drying it to obtain the ceramic aggregate with quaternary ammonium salt grafted on the surface.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the asphalt mixture according to the first aspect, comprising the steps of:

[0019] The Fe / Cu@UiO-66 powder was added to the matrix asphalt and sheared at 3500-5000 rpm at 160-180°C to form a suspension;

[0020] The suspension is mixed with the modified ceramic aggregate to obtain an asphalt mixture for paving roads in sponge cities.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a sponge city road, wherein the sponge city road comprises a bottom layer, an intermediate layer and a surface layer in sequence;

[0022] The base asphalt is heated to 135-145° C., the base asphalt is mixed with recycled concrete aggregate, and the mixture is spread and compacted to form a sponge city road base layer;

[0023] Heat the base asphalt to 145-155° C., add cardanol glycidyl ether microcapsules, stir at 400-600 rpm to obtain asphalt mortar, and mix the asphalt mortar with basalt aggregate;

[0024] After paving, it is left to stand and then compacted to form the middle layer of the sponge city road;

[0025] The asphalt mixture for paving the sponge city road of the first aspect and the asphalt mixture obtained by the preparation method of the second aspect are used, and the asphalt mixture is heated to 155-165° C., spread and compacted to form the surface layer of the sponge city road.

[0026] Optionally, the shell of the cardanol glycidyl ether microcapsule is made of polyurethane material; the core material is made of cardanol glycidyl ether; when microcracks are generated in the road surface due to external force, the microcapsules rupture to release the repair agent, which undergoes a cross-linking reaction with the matrix asphalt when it contacts the cracks.

[0027] Optionally, the preparation method of the cardanol glycidyl ether microcapsules comprises the steps of:

[0028] Cardanol glycidyl ether and Tween-80 emulsifier were sheared in deionized water at 7500-8500 rpm to form an O / W emulsion;

[0029] The emulsion was added into petroleum ether containing isophorone diisocyanate IPDI and stirred at 35-45°C;

[0030] A chain extender, 1,4-butanediol, was added, the reaction was continued, and the cardanol glycidyl ether microcapsules were obtained by centrifugation.

[0031] (3) Beneficial effects

[0032] The MOFs-loaded bimetallic catalyst of the present invention has high purification efficiency, can degrade pollutants under visible light, and adsorb heavy metal ions (Pb 2+ 、Cd 2+ ); quaternary ammonium salt modified ceramic aggregates intercept negatively charged pollutants (such as PO4 3- 、NO3 - ), forming an "adsorption-catalysis" synergistic purification mechanism, significantly improving the purification efficiency of rainwater runoff.

[0033] The cardanol glycidyl ether microcapsules have long-lasting self-repairing properties, triggering repair when cracks expand, improving the crack healing rate within 24 hours at 60°C, and have no toxic by-products, effectively extending the service life of the road surface and reducing maintenance costs.

[0034] The gradient pore structure of the sponge city road of the present invention takes into account both high water permeability and compressive resistance, solving the problem of easy collapse of traditional permeable asphalt.

[0035] The present invention makes extensive use of waste ceramics, recycled aggregates and bio-based materials, thereby reducing resource consumption and carbon emissions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail through specific implementation methods.

[0037] The asphalt mixture for sponge city road paving of the present invention comprises: matrix asphalt, MOFs loaded bimetallic and modified ceramic aggregate; the MOFs loaded bimetallic is zirconium-based MOFs loaded Fe 3+ and Cu 2+ Fe / Cu@UiO-66 was formed.

[0038] UiO-66-NH2 is a zirconium-based MOFs (metal-organic framework) with the chemical formula Zr6O4(OH)4(BDC-NH2)6 (where BDC-NH2 is a 2-aminoterephthalic acid ligand). Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous crystalline materials formed by metal ions and organic ligands connected by coordination bonds. They have ultra-high specific surface area and tunable pore structure. Zirconium-based MOFs have a cubic crystal structure with a pore size of approximately 1.1-1.3 nm and a specific surface area of ​​up to 1200-1500 m 2 / g; the surface amino groups (-NH2) provide active sites for loading metal ions. 3+ (iron ions) and Cu 2+ (Copper ions) are fixed in the pores and surface of UiO-66-NH2 through coordination bonds, forming a bimetallic synergistic catalytic system (Fe / Cu@UiO-66, loading amount 8-12%).

[0039] Advantages of selecting MOFs carriers in the present invention:

[0040] First, high dispersion. The pores of MOFs restrict the migration of metal ions and prevent agglomeration.

[0041] Second, stability. UiO-66-NH2 is water-resistant and high-temperature resistant (it can withstand 60-80°C road conditions in summer).

[0042] Third, selective adsorption: amino groups (-NH2) preferentially adsorb polar pollutants (such as heavy metal ions and organic dyes) through hydrogen bonds.

[0043] The MOFs loaded with bimetallic Fe 3+ / Cu 2+ Role: Broaden the light response range, Fe3+ Absorbs visible light (400-550nm), Cu 2+ Enhanced electron transfer allows the catalyst to work even in ordinary sunlight (traditional TiO2 requires ultraviolet light).

[0044] The functions of the ceramic aggregate of the present invention are:

[0045] The aggregate surface is bombarded by Ar plasma to generate active sites (such as -OH, -COOH); hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide is fixed to the aggregate surface through chemical bonds to form a positive charge layer. Negatively charged pollutants (such as phosphate PO4 3- 、nitrate NO3 - ) are attracted and captured by the positive charge on the aggregate surface; quaternary ammonium salts can destroy the cell membrane of microorganisms and inhibit the growth and clogging of algae in permeable pores. Quaternary ammonium salt modified aggregates intercept negatively charged pollutants (such as NO3 - PO4 3- ), forming a synergistic purification with MOFs catalytic oxidation.

[0046] The sponge city road comprises a bottom layer, an intermediate layer and a surface layer in sequence; the bottom layer (5cm) uses large-pore recycled aggregate with a porosity of ≥30% to accelerate the infiltration of rainwater into the soil or drainage system. The self-repairing microcapsules of the intermediate layer (3cm) are evenly dispersed in the asphalt mortar with a porosity of 15-18%. The intermediate layer (3cm) is used for self-repair and buffering, absorbing the stress transmitted from the upper layer, preventing cracks from extending to the lower layer, and repairing tiny cracks in the surface layer through microcapsules to extend the service life. MOFs catalysts and modified ceramic aggregates form the surface layer (2cm) material with a porosity of 20-25% (pore size 100-300μm); the surface layer (2cm) is used for purification and pressure resistance; smaller pores ensure full contact between pollutants and catalysts; sufficient strength to support vehicle loads (the strength of traditional permeable asphalt decreases significantly when the porosity is >30%).

[0047] The present invention uses cardanol glycidyl ether microcapsules (particle size 50-100 μm, shell material is polyurethane, core material content 40%), and the self-repair mechanism is as follows:

[0048] The outer shell is made of polyurethane, a material known for its heat and pressure resistance, making it less susceptible to cracking during asphalt mixing. The core is made of cardanol glycidyl ether, which contains epoxy groups that cross-link with asphalt upon contact with cracks. When microcracks develop in the pavement due to external forces, the microcapsules rupture, releasing a repair agent that completes self-repair within 24 hours at 60°C (summer pavement temperature). Cardanol, a natural plant extract, is environmentally friendly and highly reactive, improving upon the traditional self-healing asphalt, which often uses sulfur or petroleum-based repair agents, which are less weather-resistant and polluting.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] The preparation method of Fe / Cu@UiO-66 powder in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0051] Fe(NO3)3·9H2O and CuCl2 were dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at a Fe:Cu molar ratio of 1:3 and stirred until completely dissolved; UiO-66-NH2 powder with a mass 10 times the total mass of the metal salt was added and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes.

[0052] The mixed solution was transferred to a polytetrafluoroethylene autoclave and reacted at 80°C for 12 hours.

[0053] The solid product was separated by centrifugation and washed alternately with DMF and ethanol three times to remove unreacted metal salts; and dried under vacuum at 60°C for 12 h to obtain Fe / Cu@UiO-66 powder.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] The preparation method of the ceramic aggregate with a surface grafted quaternary ammonium salt in this embodiment is as follows: the ceramic aggregate (particle size 4-6 mm) is treated with Ar plasma for 5 min (power 200 W), immersed in 0.5 mol / L hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide solution, and stirred at 60°C for 6 hours; after being removed, it is rinsed with ethanol three times and dried at 80°C to obtain a functional aggregate with a positively charged surface.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] The asphalt mixture of this embodiment includes 6 parts by mass of base asphalt, 0.6 parts by mass of MOFs-loaded bimetallic and 94 parts by mass of modified ceramic aggregate.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] The asphalt mixture of this embodiment includes 5 parts by mass of base asphalt, 0.5 parts by mass of MOFs-loaded bimetallic and 90 parts by mass of modified ceramic aggregate.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] The asphalt mixture of this embodiment includes 10 parts by mass of base asphalt, 0.7 parts by mass of MOFs-loaded bimetallic and 100 parts by mass of modified ceramic aggregate.

[0062] Example 6

[0063] The preparation method of the asphalt mixture for road paving in the sponge city of this embodiment is as follows:

[0064] 10 parts by mass of Fe / Cu@UiO-66 powder was slowly added to the matrix asphalt, and high-speed shearing was carried out at 4000 rpm at 170°C for 45 minutes to form a uniform suspension;

[0065] The suspension and modified ceramic aggregate were added in a mass ratio of 6:94, and mixed in a forced mixer for 90 seconds to obtain an asphalt mixture for sponge city road paving.

[0066] Example 7

[0067] The preparation method of the cardanol glycidyl ether microcapsules of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0068] 40 g of cardanol glycidyl ether and 2 g of Tween-80 emulsifier were sheared at 8000 rpm in deionized water for 15 minutes to form an O / W emulsion.

[0069] The emulsion was added into petroleum ether containing 10 g of isophorone diisocyanate IPDI and stirred at 40° C. for 2 hours.

[0070] 5 g of chain extender 1,4-butanediol was added, the reaction was continued for 3 hours, and the microcapsules were collected by centrifugation;

[0071] Dry at 60℃ and select particles with a size of 50-100μm.

[0072] Example 8

[0073] The sponge city road preparation method of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0074] Heat the base asphalt to 140°C, mix for 45 seconds at a mass ratio of base asphalt to recycled concrete aggregate of 4:96, and lightly compact (1 time) after paving.

[0075] Heat the matrix asphalt to 150° C., add the cardanol glycidyl ether microcapsules prepared in Example 7, and stir at 500 rpm for 20 minutes to obtain asphalt mortar. Mix the asphalt mortar with the aggregate in a mass ratio of 5:95 between the asphalt mortar and the basalt aggregate, and mix for 60 seconds.

[0076] After paving, let it stand for 5 minutes (to promote the positioning of microcapsules), and use a steel wheel roller in static pressure mode for initial compaction (1 time).

[0077] 10 parts by mass of the Fe / Cu@UiO-66 powder prepared in Example 1 was slowly added to the matrix asphalt, and high-speed shearing was carried out at 4000 rpm at 170° C. for 45 minutes to form a uniform suspension.

[0078] The suspension and the modified ceramic aggregate prepared in Example 2 were added in a mass ratio of 6:94 and mixed in a forced mixer for 90 seconds;

[0079] Make the discharge temperature ≥160℃, spread immediately and compact with a vibratory roller (2 times).

[0080] Comparative Example 1

[0081] The preparation method of Fe / Cu@UiO-66 powder in this comparative example is as follows:

[0082] Fe(NO3)3·9H2O and CuCl2 were dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at a Fe:Cu molar ratio of 1:3 and stirred until completely dissolved; UiO-66-NH2 powder with a mass 10 times the total mass of the metal salt was added and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes.

[0083] The mixed solution was transferred to a polytetrafluoroethylene autoclave and reacted at 120°C for 12 hours.

[0084] The solid product was separated by centrifugation and washed alternately with DMF and ethanol three times to remove unreacted metal salts; and dried under vacuum at 60°C for 12 h to obtain Fe / Cu@UiO-66 powder.

[0085] Comparative Example 2

[0086] The preparation method of Fe / Cu@UiO-66 powder in this comparative example is as follows:

[0087] Fe(NO3)3·9H2O and CuCl2 were dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at a Fe:Cu molar ratio of 1:3 and stirred until completely dissolved; UiO-66-NH2 powder with a mass 10 times the total mass of the metal salt was added and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes.

[0088] The mixed solution was transferred to a polytetrafluoroethylene autoclave and reacted at 50°C for 12 hours.

[0089] The solid product was separated by centrifugation and washed alternately with DMF and ethanol three times to remove unreacted metal salts; and dried under vacuum at 60°C for 12 h to obtain Fe / Cu@UiO-66 powder.

[0090] The asphalt mixture for sponge city road paving obtained according to the preparation method of Example 6 is used as the surface material of sponge city roads. The basic items of surface water are shown in Table 1, and the test method is based on GB3838-2002.

[0091] Table 1: Heavy metal content in surface water of road surface materials using Example 1 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1-2 (unit: mg / L)

[0092]

[0093] As can be seen from the above, according to the Fe / Cu@UiO-66 powder preparation method of the present invention, high temperatures (>100°C) will cause the MOFs structure to collapse, while low temperatures (<60°C) will reduce the loading efficiency. A reaction temperature of 80°C for 12 hours ensures that the metal ions are evenly loaded within the MOFs pores and prevents particle agglomeration.

[0094] Comparative Example 3

[0095] The preparation method of the ceramic aggregate with a surface grafted quaternary ammonium salt in this comparative example is as follows: the ceramic aggregate (particle size 4-6 mm) is treated with Ar plasma for 2 minutes (power 200W), immersed in 0.5 mol / L hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide solution, and stirred at 60°C for 6 hours; after being removed, it is rinsed with ethanol three times and dried at 80°C to obtain a functional aggregate with a positively charged surface.

[0096] Comparative Example 4

[0097] The preparation method of the ceramic aggregate with a surface grafted quaternary ammonium salt in this comparative example is as follows: the ceramic aggregate (particle size 4-6 mm) is treated with Ar plasma for 8 minutes (power 200W), immersed in 0.5 mol / L hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide solution, and stirred at 60°C for 6 hours; after being removed, it is rinsed with ethanol three times and dried at 80°C to obtain a functional aggregate with a positively charged surface.

[0098] Comparative Example 5

[0099] The preparation method of the ceramic aggregate with a surface grafted quaternary ammonium salt in this comparative example is as follows: the ceramic aggregate (particle size 4-6 mm) is treated with Ar plasma for 5 minutes (power 200W), immersed in a 1.2 mol / L hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide solution, and stirred at 60°C for 6 hours; after being removed, it is rinsed with ethanol three times and dried at 80°C to obtain a functional aggregate with a positively charged surface.

[0100] The asphalt mixture for sponge city road paving obtained according to the preparation method of Example 6 is used as the surface material of sponge city roads. The surface water pollutant content is shown in Table 2, and the test method is based on GB3838-2002.

[0101] Table 2: Surface water pollutant content of road surface materials using Example 2 and Comparative Examples 3-5

[0102]

[0103] As can be seen from the table, in the preparation method of the ceramic aggregate with surface grafted quaternary ammonium salt of the present invention, the Ar plasma treatment is performed for 5 minutes. If the time is too short, the activation is insufficient, and if the time is too long, the aggregate structure may be destroyed. The concentration of the hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide solution is generally 0.5 mol / L. Too high a concentration will cause the quaternary ammonium salt to crystallize and reduce the grafting rate.

[0104] Comparative Example 6

[0105] The sponge city road preparation method of this comparative example comprises the following steps:

[0106] Heat the base asphalt to 160°C, mix for 45 seconds at a mass ratio of base asphalt to recycled concrete aggregate of 4:96, and lightly compact (1 time) after paving.

[0107] Heat the matrix asphalt to 180° C., add cardanol glycidyl ether microcapsules, and stir at 500 rpm for 20 minutes to obtain asphalt mortar. Mix the asphalt mortar with the aggregate in a mass ratio of 5:95 between the asphalt mortar and the basalt aggregate, and mix for 60 seconds.

[0108] After paving, let it stand for 5 minutes (to promote the positioning of microcapsules), and use a steel wheel roller in static pressure mode for initial compaction (1 time).

[0109] 8-12 parts by mass of Fe / Cu@UiO-66 powder was slowly added to the matrix asphalt, and high-speed shearing was carried out at 4000 rpm at 150° C. for 45 minutes to form a uniform suspension.

[0110] The suspension and modified ceramic aggregate were added in a mass ratio of 6:94, mixed in a forced mixer for 90 seconds, spread and compacted with a vibratory roller (2 times).

[0111] The sponge city roads obtained according to the preparation methods of Example 8 and Comparative Example 6 were tested according to JTG E20-2011 (Test Procedures for Asphalt and Asphalt Mixtures in Highway Engineering) to obtain the various items in Table 3.

[0112] Table 3: Performance results of sponge city roads obtained by the preparation methods of Example 8 and Comparative Example 6

[0113]

[0114] From the above, we can see that the bottom layer heating temperature is 140℃ to prevent thermal decomposition of recycled concrete aggregate; the middle layer heating temperature is 160℃ to avoid premature rupture of microcapsules; and the surface layer heating temperature is 180℃ to activate the catalytic properties of MOFs.

[0115] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An asphalt mixture for road paving in sponge cities, characterized in that: include: Matrix asphalt, MOFs loaded bimetallic and modified ceramic aggregate; the MOFs loaded bimetallic is zirconium-based MOFs loaded Fe 3+ and Cu 2+ Formed Fe / Cu@UiO-66.

2. The asphalt mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that In parts by mass, the asphalt mixture includes 5-10 parts of base asphalt, 0.5-0.7 parts of MOFs-loaded bimetallic and 90-100 parts of modified ceramic aggregate.

3. The asphalt mixture according to claim 2, characterized in that In parts by mass, the asphalt mixture includes 6 parts by mass of base asphalt, 0.6 parts by mass of MOFs-loaded bimetallic and 94 parts by mass of modified ceramic aggregate.

4. The asphalt mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the MOFs-loaded bimetallic Fe / Cu@UiO-66 comprises the following steps: Dissolve Fe(NO3)3·9H2O and CuCl2 in DMF and stir until completely dissolved; add UiO-66-NH2 powder and disperse by ultrasonication; Transfer the mixed solution into a reactor and react at a constant temperature of 60-100°C; The solid product was separated by centrifugation, washed alternately with DMF and ethanol, and dried under vacuum at 70-65°C to obtain Fe / Cu@UiO-66 powder.

5. The asphalt mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified ceramic aggregate, i.e., ceramic aggregate with quaternary ammonium salt grafted on the surface, comprises the following steps: subjecting the ceramic aggregate to plasma treatment for 4-6 minutes, impregnating the ceramic aggregate with 0.4-0.6 mol / L hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide solution, and stirring; taking out and rinsing with ethanol, and drying to obtain the ceramic aggregate with quaternary ammonium salt grafted on the surface.

6. A method for preparing an asphalt mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Including steps: Add Fe / Cu@UiO-66 powder to the matrix asphalt and shear at 3500-5000 rpm at 160-180°C to form a suspension; The suspension is mixed with the modified ceramic aggregate to obtain an asphalt mixture for paving roads in sponge cities.

7. A sponge city road, characterized by: The sponge city road comprises a bottom layer, an intermediate layer and a surface layer in sequence; The base asphalt is heated to 135-145° C., the base asphalt is mixed with recycled concrete aggregate, and the mixture is spread and compacted to form a sponge city road base layer; Heat the base asphalt to 145-155° C., add cardanol glycidyl ether microcapsules, stir at 400-600 rpm to obtain asphalt mortar, and mix the asphalt mortar with basalt aggregate; After paving, it is left to stand and then compacted to form the middle layer of the sponge city road; The asphalt mixture for paving the sponge city road according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and the asphalt mixture obtained by the preparation method of claim 6 are used, the asphalt mixture is heated to 155-165° C., spread and compacted to form the surface layer of the sponge city road.

8. The sponge city road according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shell of the cardanol glycidyl ether microcapsule is made of polyurethane material; the core material is made of cardanol glycidyl ether; when microcracks are generated on the road surface due to external force, the microcapsules rupture to release the repair agent, which undergoes a cross-linking reaction with the matrix asphalt when it contacts the cracks.

9. The sponge city road according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preparation method of the cardanol glycidyl ether microcapsules comprises the steps of: Cardanol glycidyl ether and Tween-80 emulsifier were sheared in deionized water at 7500-8500 rpm to form an O / W emulsion; The emulsion was added into petroleum ether containing isophorone diisocyanate IPDI and stirred at 35-45°C; A chain extender, 1,4-butanediol, was added, the reaction was continued, and the cardanol glycidyl ether microcapsules were obtained by centrifugation.

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