Control method and system of natural cooling unit

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method and system for a natural cooling unit, and relates to the technical field of air conditioner energy-saving control. The control method comprises the steps that environment operation parameters are collected and preprocessed, and an initial state parameter set is formed; calculating a cold source margin according to the initial state parameter set, comparing the cold source margin with a natural cooling starting condition, starting natural cooling water circulation when the natural cooling condition is met, and outputting target cooling capacity; based on the target cooling capacity and the cooling water inlet temperature, a cooling capacity parameter set is built, part of cooling water is adjusted through a phase change material to conduct cold accumulation and heat exchange, and the residual cooling capacity is output; and cold capacity distribution is conducted on the residual cold capacity and the air conditioner partition temperature difference proportion, the opening angle of an air conditioner partition air valve is adjusted, the change trend of the air conditioner partition temperature along with time is monitored, and the actual temperature change trend is obtained. Dynamic adjustment of the cold source capacity and precise control of phase change cold storage are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air-conditioning energy-saving control, and in particular to a control method and system for a natural cooling unit. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for energy-efficient building air conditioning, natural cooling technology, as a key means of reducing energy consumption, has been adopted in a variety of cooling and heat source installations. Existing natural cooling units generally utilize a linkage between ambient temperature and humidity monitoring and water regulation. By controlling cooling towers, water pumps, heat exchangers, and other components, they generate cooling during the off-season, thereby partially replacing the mechanical cooling load. In actual operation, some solutions also incorporate phase-change thermal storage units to further improve cooling efficiency.

[0003] Especially in air conditioning cooling systems with multi-point distribution and high volatility of cooling loads, existing free cooling control strategies are slow to respond to local loads, making it difficult to precisely control the dynamic distribution of cooling capacity. Most solutions only perform simple logical judgments based on cooling water temperature or valve opening, lacking dynamic analysis methods for the synergistic relationship between temperature difference trends, air supply regulation behavior, and heat exchange status within the air conditioning area. This limitation means that even with sufficient free cooling capacity, it may still not be fully utilized due to improper allocation or delayed heat exchange regulation. This can lead to insufficient cooling in some areas or over-reliance on mechanical refrigeration, affecting overall energy savings and operational efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a control method for a free cooling unit to solve the problem of lack of dynamic analysis and response mechanism for the changing trend of the cooling load of each zone.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a control method for a natural cooling unit, which includes collecting environmental operating parameters and preprocessing them to form an initial state parameter set; calculating the cold source margin based on the initial state parameter set and comparing it with the natural cooling start-up conditions, starting the natural cooling water circulation when the natural cooling conditions are met, and outputting the target cooling capacity; constructing a cooling capacity parameter set based on the target cooling capacity and the cooling water inlet temperature, adjusting part of the cooling water through phase change materials to store cold and exchange heat, and outputting the remaining cold capacity; distributing cold capacity according to the ratio of the remaining cold capacity to the temperature difference of the air-conditioning partition, adjusting the opening angle of the air-conditioning partition air valve, and monitoring the temperature change trend of the air-conditioning partition over time to obtain the actual temperature change trend; analyzing the cold capacity distribution state based on the coupling relationship between the actual temperature change trend and the air valve opening angle, triggering the phase change heat exchange path adjustment action, redistributing the cold load, and synchronously outputting the updated temperature control parameters; adjusting the environmental operating parameters based on the updated temperature control parameters, continuously driving the linkage process of cold capacity estimation, heat exchange regulation and air supply control, and forming a closed-loop energy control mechanism for the natural cooling path.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the control method of the natural cooling unit of the present invention, wherein: the forming of the initial state parameter set comprises the following specific steps: Collect outdoor temperature, humidity, light intensity, wind speed, cooling water temperature, supply and return water flow, and indoor temperature of air-conditioning zones to generate the original parameter data set; Interpolate and complete the original parameter data set, filter out abnormal values, output the cleaned environmental parameter data set, perform normalization and time series alignment processing, and output the structured environmental state matrix; The temperature gradient, cooling source load trend and hot and cold water flow rate change rate are extracted from the structured environmental state matrix and combined with the initial setting parameters of air conditioning operation to form an initial state parameter set.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the control method of the natural cooling unit of the present invention, the output target cooling capacity is specifically performed in the following steps: Using the parameter identification mapping relationship, the initial state parameter set is field-filtered to extract the cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature, and return water flow rate; Calculate the potential cooling capacity that the environment can provide per unit time based on the cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature and return water flow rate, analyze the free cooling capacity, and output the free cooling supply estimate; The cooling margin is obtained by performing a difference calculation between the estimated free cooling supply value and the current load demand; Compare the cooling source margin with the natural cooling start threshold value and output the cooling mode judgment result; When the cooling mode judgment result does not meet the natural cooling conditions, the current cooling mode is maintained, and the mechanical cooling capacity target value is calculated based on the matching relationship between the mechanical cooling capacity and the current load demand; When the cooling mode judgment result meets the natural cooling conditions, the natural cooling water circulation is started, and the natural cooling capacity target value is calculated based on the natural cooling cooling supply estimation value; According to the cooling mode judgment result, the one that currently meets the operating conditions is selected from the natural cooling capacity target value and the mechanical cooling capacity target value, and the target cooling capacity is output.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the control method of the natural cooling unit of the present invention, the output of the surplus cooling capacity is carried out in the following specific steps: Based on the target cooling capacity and the current cooling water inlet temperature, the cooling water outlet temperature and cooling water flow rate are linked through the cooling capacity inverse solution mechanism to construct the cooling capacity parameter set for the target working condition; Input the cooling capacity parameter set into the cooling water flow response structure function, establish the cooling water dynamic flow distribution mapping interval, and form an adjustable cooling water flow range; The cooling water flow range is input into the phase change material heat exchange path for dynamic heat exchange, the actual transferred cooling capacity per unit time is output, and the residual cooling capacity is generated based on the target cooling capacity.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the control method of the natural cooling unit of the present invention, the actual temperature change trend is obtained by the following specific steps: Calculate the temperature difference of each air-conditioning zone based on the difference between the current temperature and the set temperature of each zone, and generate the temperature difference ratio of each zone based on the sum of the temperature differences of all zones. Calculate the required cooling capacity distribution value for each zone based on the remaining cooling capacity and the temperature difference ratio of each air conditioning zone, adjust the opening angle of the corresponding air valve in the air conditioning zone, and generate air valve control instructions; After adjusting the air valves of the air conditioning zones according to the air valve control instructions, the time changes of the air conditioning zones are continuously monitored. The temperature data is collected and smoothed and filtered and trend fitting is performed to obtain the actual temperature change trend.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the control method of the natural cooling unit of the present invention, wherein: the synchronous output of the updated temperature control parameters, the specific steps are as follows: The actual temperature change trend is coupled with the air valve opening angle to construct the temperature control behavior response factor; Use the temperature control behavior response factor to determine the cooling capacity fluctuation range and output the cooling capacity distribution trend; According to the cooling distribution trend, the partition-level phase change heat path fine-tuning mechanism is activated to correct the cooling offset and generate updated temperature control parameters.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the control method of the natural cooling unit of the present invention, the following specific steps are taken to form a closed-loop energy control mechanism for the natural cooling path: Correcting environmental operating parameters according to the updated temperature control parameters to form an updated control input set; Recalculate the cooling capacity estimate based on the updated control input set and output a new cooling capacity demand; Adjust heat exchange parameters and air supply control strategies based on new cooling demand, generate linkage control instructions, and monitor environmental response status after implementation to obtain new environmental feedback data; The new environmental feedback data is used as input to update the control process and build a closed-loop energy control mechanism for the natural cooling path.

[0013] In the second aspect, the present invention provides a control system for a natural cooling unit, including a parameter acquisition module for collecting environmental operating parameters and performing preprocessing to form an initial state parameter set; a margin judgment module for calculating the cold source margin based on the initial state parameter set and comparing it with the natural cooling start-up conditions, starting the natural cooling water circulation when the natural cooling conditions are met, and outputting the target cooling capacity; a heat exchange control module for constructing a cooling capacity parameter set based on the target cooling capacity and the cooling water inlet temperature, regulating part of the cooling water through phase change materials for cold storage and heat exchange, and outputting the remaining cooling capacity; an air valve control module for adjusting the remaining cooling capacity The cooling capacity is distributed according to the temperature difference ratio of the air-conditioning partitions, the opening angle of the air-conditioning partition air valves is adjusted, and the temperature change trend of the air-conditioning partitions over time is monitored to obtain the actual temperature change trend; the cooling capacity analysis module is used to analyze the cooling capacity distribution state according to the coupling relationship between the actual temperature change trend and the air valve opening angle, trigger the phase change heat path adjustment action, redistribute the cooling load, and synchronously output the updated temperature control parameters; the closed-loop control module is used to adjust the environmental operating parameters based on the updated temperature control parameters, continuously drive the linkage process of cooling capacity estimation, heat exchange regulation and air supply control, and form a closed-loop energy-saving control mechanism for the natural cooling path.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: when the computer program is executed by the processor, any step of the control method of the natural cooling unit as described in the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program is executed by a processor, any step of the control method of the natural cooling unit as described in the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by constructing a cooling capacity parameter set based on the target cooling capacity and the cooling water inlet temperature, and adjusting part of the cooling water to store cold and exchange heat through the phase change material, dynamic adjustment of the cold source capacity and precise control of phase change cold storage are achieved; the adaptability of the cooling capacity in response to changes in external load is improved, the natural cooling operation time is effectively extended, and the dependence on mechanical refrigeration is reduced, which has the beneficial effect of improving energy efficiency and system adjustment flexibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 Flowchart of the control method for a free cooling unit.

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the control system of the free cooling unit.

[0020] Figure 3 Flowchart output for target cooling capacity.

[0021] Figure 4 This is the flow chart of surplus cooling output. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

[0025] Reference Figures 1 to 4 , is an embodiment of the present invention, which provides a control method for a free cooling unit, comprising the following steps: S1. Collect environmental operating parameters and perform preprocessing to form an initial state parameter set.

[0026] S1.1. Collect outdoor temperature, humidity, light intensity, wind speed, cooling water temperature, supply and return water flow, and indoor temperature of air-conditioning zones to generate the original parameter data set.

[0027] Specifically, at specified time intervals, a temperature sensor measures outdoor temperature, a humidity sensor measures outdoor humidity, a light intensity sensor records outdoor light intensity, and an anemometer collects outdoor wind speed. A cooling water temperature sensor measures cooling water temperature, a flow meter collects cooling water supply and return flow rates, and an indoor temperature sensor collects the indoor temperature of each air-conditioning zone. The corresponding physical quantity data is collected in chronological order and recorded with a unified timestamp format, forming a raw parameter dataset containing outdoor temperature, outdoor humidity, outdoor light intensity, outdoor wind speed, cooling water temperature, cooling water supply flow rate, cooling water return flow rate, and the indoor temperature of each air-conditioning zone.

[0028] S1.2. Interpolate and complete the original parameter data set, filter out abnormal values, output the cleaned environmental parameter data set, perform normalization and time series alignment processing, and output the structured environmental state matrix.

[0029] Specifically, for the missing data points of the environmental parameters of outdoor temperature, outdoor humidity, outdoor light intensity, outdoor wind speed, cooling water temperature, cooling water supply flow, cooling water return flow and indoor temperature of air-conditioning partition in the time series, the interpolation results are calculated based on the previous and next valid data to fill in the missing positions; then, the abnormal value detection method based on the triple standard deviation rule is used to screen the abnormal values ​​of the environmental parameters of outdoor temperature, outdoor humidity, outdoor light intensity, outdoor wind speed, cooling water temperature, cooling water supply flow, cooling water return flow and indoor temperature of air-conditioning partition after the completion of the environmental parameter data set, and the data points that do not conform to the normal fluctuation range are eliminated and replaced with the adjacent valid data; then, the outdoor temperature, indoor humidity, outdoor light intensity, outdoor wind speed, cooling water temperature, cooling water supply flow, cooling water return flow and indoor temperature of air-conditioning partition after the cleaning are respectively The outdoor humidity, outdoor light intensity, outdoor wind speed, cooling water temperature, cooling water supply flow, cooling water return flow, and air-conditioning partition indoor temperature environmental parameter fields are linearly normalized and mapped to the standard range of 0 to 1; finally, the normalized outdoor temperature, outdoor humidity, outdoor light intensity, outdoor wind speed, cooling water temperature, cooling water supply flow, cooling water return flow, and air-conditioning partition indoor temperature environmental parameter data are time-series aligned according to a unified timestamp, and the timestamp synchronization method is used to ensure that the corresponding time points of each environmental parameter data are consistent, generating a structured environmental state matrix containing multiple parameters such as outdoor temperature, outdoor humidity, outdoor light intensity, outdoor wind speed, cooling water temperature, cooling water supply flow, cooling water return flow, and air-conditioning partition indoor temperature.

[0030] S1.3. Extract the temperature gradient, cooling source load trend, and hot and cold water flow rate change rate from the structured environmental state matrix, and combine them with the initial setting parameters of the air conditioning operation to form an initial state parameter set.

[0031] Specifically, the hourly difference method is used to calculate the real-time difference between the indoor temperature of each air-conditioning zone and the corresponding cooling water temperature in the structured environmental state matrix as the temperature gradient; according to the changes in the cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature and cooling water flow at continuous time points in the structured environmental state matrix, the trend of the cooling load change per unit time of the cold source is estimated as the cooling source load trend; the difference change rate of the supply water flow and the return water flow between two consecutive time points in the structured environmental state matrix is ​​statistically calculated as the cold and hot water flow rate change rate, respectively; the temperature gradient, cold source load trend and cold and hot water flow rate change rate are summarized to form an environmental state feature set, and are spliced ​​and integrated with the initial setting parameters of the air-conditioning operation to output the initial state parameter set.

[0032] S2. Calculate the cooling source margin based on the initial state parameter set and compare it with the natural cooling start-up conditions. When the natural cooling conditions are met, start the natural cooling water circulation and output the target cooling capacity.

[0033] S2.1. Use the parameter identifier mapping relationship to perform field screening on the initial state parameter set to extract the cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature, and return water flow rate.

[0034] Specifically, a one-to-one parameter identification mapping table is constructed to indicate the field name and physical meaning of each parameter in the initial state parameter set; the field names in the initial state parameter set are compared with the names in the parameter identification mapping table one by one to identify the data fields representing the cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature and return water flow; then, through the field screening operation, the cooling water inlet temperature field data, cooling water outlet temperature field data and return water flow field data are extracted from the initial state parameter set.

[0035] S2.2. Calculate the potential cooling capacity that the environment can provide per unit time based on the cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature, and return water flow rate, analyze the free cooling capacity, and output the estimated free cooling capacity.

[0036] Specifically, obtain real-time data on cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature and return water flow; calculate the potential cooling capacity that the environment can provide per unit time : ; in, represents the specific heat capacity of cooling water, represents the cooling water density, Indicates the return water flow rate, Indicates the cooling water inlet temperature. Indicates the cooling water outlet temperature; Based on calculated potential cooling capacity , combined with the preset heat exchange efficiency and environmental operating parameters, the free cooling cooling capacity is estimated to obtain the free cooling cooling estimated value.

[0037] It should also be explained that the specific steps for presetting heat exchange efficiency and environmental operating parameters include: determining the typical heat exchange efficiency values ​​of the heat exchange equipment under different operating conditions based on the technical specifications and historical operating data provided by the equipment manufacturer; collecting environmental operating parameters such as outdoor temperature, humidity, and wind speed, and obtaining the heat exchange efficiency adjustment factor for the corresponding environmental conditions through statistical analysis methods; combining the rated performance parameters of the heat exchange equipment with the heat exchange efficiency adjustment factor obtained through statistical analysis of environmental operating parameters (such as outdoor temperature, humidity, and wind speed), and using a product calculation method to obtain the actual heat exchange efficiency under the current operating conditions; using the heat exchange efficiency as a correction factor in the potential cooling capacity calculation to achieve an accurate estimation of the heat exchange capacity under actual operating conditions. Based on existing equipment performance testing and statistical analysis of environmental operating parameters, the rationality and applicability of the heat exchange efficiency parameters should be ensured.

[0038] S2.3. Perform a difference calculation between the estimated value of free cooling and the current load demand to obtain the cooling source margin.

[0039] Specifically, the cooling margin is calculated by subtracting the current load demand from the estimated free cooling supply. This reflects the excess or deficit in free cooling capacity compared to the load demand. For example, if the estimated free cooling supply is 50 kW and the current load demand is 40 kW, the cooling margin is 10 kW.

[0040] S2.4. Compare the cooling source margin with the natural cooling start threshold value and output the cooling mode judgment result.

[0041] Specifically, the cooling source margin is obtained and compared with a preset natural cooling threshold. If the cooling source margin is greater than or equal to the natural cooling threshold, the cooling mode is determined to be natural cooling. If the cooling source margin is less than the natural cooling threshold, the cooling mode is determined to be non-natural cooling. The cooling mode determination result is output for subsequent cooling strategy selection. For example, if the natural cooling threshold is 5 kW and the cooling source margin is 8 kW, the cooling mode determination result is natural cooling.

[0042] It should also be explained that the pre-set natural cooling startup threshold is determined based on historical operating data and environmental conditions analysis. Specific steps include: collecting cooling performance data for the unit under different ambient temperature, humidity, and load conditions; analyzing the relationship between natural cooling startup timing and energy efficiency performance; and setting the initial natural cooling startup threshold based on empirical formulas and industry standards; verifying the rationality of the natural cooling startup threshold through experiments or simulated operations; and adjusting parameters based on feedback to ensure that the natural cooling startup threshold can both ensure the natural cooling effect and avoid premature or late startup. The natural cooling startup threshold is typically expressed as a power value representing the cooling source margin, for example, set at 5 kilowatts, as the trigger condition for natural cooling startup.

[0043] S2.5. When the cooling mode judgment result does not meet the natural cooling conditions, the current cooling mode is maintained, and the target value of the mechanical cooling capacity is calculated based on the matching relationship between the mechanical cooling capacity and the current load demand.

[0044] Specifically, when maintaining the current cooling mode, the operating status parameters of the mechanical refrigeration equipment and load-related parameters such as the indoor temperature of the air-conditioning zone and the supply and return water flow are extracted from the original parameter data set as the related parameters of the mechanical refrigeration capacity and the current load demand; among them, the operating status parameters of the mechanical refrigeration equipment include the operating frequency of the refrigeration unit, the outlet water temperature, the start and stop status of the compressor, etc. The load-related parameters can be obtained by calculating the product of the temperature difference of the air-conditioning zone and the return water flow to obtain the instantaneous load value; using linear interpolation or local weighted regression method, the instantaneous load value is input into the mechanical refrigeration capacity characteristic curve, and the corresponding refrigeration capacity is output as the mechanical cooling capacity target value.

[0045] S2.6. When the cooling mode judgment result meets the natural cooling conditions, start the natural cooling water circulation, and calculate the natural cooling capacity target value based on the natural cooling supply estimation value.

[0046] Specifically, when the cooling mode judgment result meets the natural cooling conditions, the natural cooling water circulation equipment is turned on to allow the cooling water to flow in the heat exchange circuit; the cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature and return water flow are extracted from the environmental parameter data set, and the natural cooling cooling capacity achievable per unit time is estimated by calculating the cooling water inlet and outlet temperature difference and the heat contained in the return water volume per unit time; finally, the estimated value is used as the natural cooling capacity target value.

[0047] S2.7. Based on the cooling mode judgment result, select the one that currently meets the operating conditions from the natural cooling capacity target value and the mechanical cooling capacity target value, and output the target cooling capacity.

[0048] Specifically, according to the cooling mode judgment result, the cooling capacity numerical parameters are extracted from the natural cooling capacity target value and the mechanical cooling capacity target value respectively, and combined with the Boolean type judgment value of the cooling mode judgment result, the conditional branch judgment method is adopted. When the cooling mode judgment result is that the natural cooling conditions are met, the natural cooling capacity target value is directly assigned as the target cooling capacity; when the cooling mode judgment result is that the natural cooling conditions are not met, the mechanical cooling capacity target value is assigned as the target cooling capacity, and the target cooling capacity is output.

[0049] S3. Based on the target cooling capacity and the cooling water inlet temperature, a cooling capacity parameter set is constructed. Phase change materials are used to adjust part of the cooling water for cold storage and heat exchange, and the remaining cooling capacity is output.

[0050] S3.1. Based on the target cooling capacity and the current cooling water inlet temperature, the cooling water outlet temperature and the cooling water flow rate are linked through the cooling capacity inverse solution mechanism to construct the cooling capacity parameter set for the target working condition.

[0051] Specifically, according to the target cooling capacity and the current cooling water inlet temperature, the cooling capacity characteristic curve and flow-temperature relationship data are called from the cooling capacity inverse solution mechanism, the target cooling capacity is used as input, and the corresponding cooling water outlet temperature is reversely calculated on the cooling capacity characteristic curve using an interpolation algorithm; then, the cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature, cooling water specific heat capacity and cooling water density are combined to calculate the cooling water flow required to meet the target cooling capacity using a heat balance formula; the target cooling capacity, cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature and the calculated cooling water flow are sorted in sequence according to the field names to form a cooling capacity parameter set including the cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature, cooling water flow and target cooling capacity.

[0052] S3.2. Input the cooling capacity parameter set into the cooling water flow response structure function, establish a cooling water dynamic flow distribution mapping interval, and form an adjustable cooling water flow range.

[0053] Specifically, the cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature, cooling water flow rate and target cooling capacity data in the cooling capacity parameter set are sequentially input into the cooling water flow rate response structure function, and the input cooling capacity parameters are matched and calculated according to the cooling water flow rate characteristic curve in the cooling water flow rate response structure function; the matching algorithm is used to determine the cooling water flow rate distribution interval corresponding to different cooling capacities, and the cooling water flow rate response values ​​within the flow rate variation range are counted and analyzed. The reasonable upper and lower limits of the flow rate are screened in combination with the historical operation data, and finally an adjustable cooling water flow rate range covering the target operating conditions is formed.

[0054] S3.3. Input the cooling water flow range into the phase change material heat exchange path to perform dynamic heat exchange, output the actual transferred cooling capacity per unit time, and generate the residual cooling capacity based on the target cooling capacity.

[0055] Specifically, the specific flow values ​​within the cooling water flow range are sequentially input into the phase change material heat exchange path, and the actual transferred cooling capacity per unit time at the corresponding flow rate is calculated according to the heat capacity characteristics and heat transfer coefficient of the phase change material; during the heat exchange process, the changes in the cooling water inlet and outlet temperatures are considered, and the latent heat absorption capacity of the phase change material is combined to dynamically solve the cooling capacity transfer effect after heat exchange; based on the target cooling capacity, the numerical comparison method is used to calculate the difference between the actual transferred cooling capacity and the target cooling capacity to generate the residual cooling capacity.

[0056] S4. Distribute cooling capacity based on the ratio of the remaining cooling capacity to the temperature difference of the air conditioning zones, adjust the opening angle of the air valves of the air conditioning zones, and monitor the temperature change trend of the air conditioning zones over time to obtain the actual temperature change trend.

[0057] S4.1. Calculate the zone temperature difference based on the difference between the current temperature and the set temperature of the air-conditioning zone, and generate the air-conditioning zone temperature difference ratio based on the sum of all zone temperature differences.

[0058] Specifically, for each air conditioning zone, the current temperature and the set temperature are read separately, and the difference between them is calculated to obtain the zone temperature difference. The temperature differences of all zones are added together to obtain the total zone temperature difference. For each zone, the corresponding zone temperature difference ratio is calculated. For example, if the temperature difference of zone A is 2°C, the temperature difference of zone B is 1°C, and the temperature difference of zone C is 1°C, the total zone temperature difference is 4°C, and the corresponding ratios are 0.5 for zone A, 0.25 for zone B, and 0.25 for zone C. Finally, the corresponding zone temperature difference ratio is output for each zone.

[0059] S4.2. Calculate the required cooling capacity distribution value for each zone based on the remaining cooling capacity and the temperature difference ratio between the air conditioning zones, adjust the opening angle of the air valves in the corresponding air conditioning zones, and generate air valve control instructions.

[0060] Specifically, the temperature difference ratio of the air-conditioning zone and the remaining cooling capacity are numerically multiplied in turn to calculate the cooling capacity distribution value required for the air-conditioning zone; based on the cooling capacity distribution value, the corresponding curve of the air valve opening angle of the air-conditioning zone and the cooling capacity output capacity is found, the corresponding cooling capacity distribution value is matched, and the required opening angle of the air valve of the air-conditioning zone is determined; the air valve opening angle is converted into a control instruction format, and the air valve control instructions are generated according to the air-conditioning zone number.

[0061] S4.3. After adjusting the air valves of the air conditioning zones according to the air valve control instructions, continuously monitor the time changes of the air conditioning zones' temperatures, collect temperature data, and perform smoothing filtering and trend fitting processing to obtain the actual temperature change trend.

[0062] Specifically, after executing the air valve control instruction to adjust the air valve of the air-conditioning zone, the air-conditioning zone temperature data is collected at fixed time intervals to form an air-conditioning zone temperature time series; the air-conditioning zone temperature time series is smoothed and filtered using the sliding window averaging method to remove high-frequency fluctuations; based on the smoothed air-conditioning zone temperature time series, the linear least squares method is used for trend fitting to calculate the rate of change of the air-conditioning zone temperature over time; the temperature change rate obtained by fitting is used as the actual temperature change trend of the air-conditioning zone.

[0063] For example, the temperature of the air-conditioning partition is collected every 30 seconds, a 5-minute sliding window is constructed for smoothing, and the slope of the fitted straight line is used to represent the actual temperature change trend of the air-conditioning partition.

[0064] S5. Based on the coupling relationship between the actual temperature change trend and the air valve opening angle, the cooling capacity distribution state is analyzed, the phase change heat path adjustment action is triggered, the cooling load is redistributed, and the updated temperature control parameters are synchronously output.

[0065] S5.1. Couple the actual temperature change trend with the air valve opening angle to construct the temperature control behavior response factor.

[0066] Specifically, according to the actual temperature change trend data of the air-conditioning partition and the corresponding air valve opening angle data, the temperature change trend data is first smoothed in time series to remove noise interference; then the air valve opening angle data is normalized to ensure that the actual temperature change trend data of the air-conditioning partition is consistent with the dimension of the corresponding air valve opening angle data; the smoothed temperature change trend and the normalized air valve opening angle are synchronously matched, and the weighted superposition or linear combination method is used, combined with the historical operation experience weight, to calculate the temperature control behavior response factor of each air-conditioning partition; finally, the temperature control behavior response factors of each air-conditioning partition are summarized to form an overall temperature control behavior response factor.

[0067] S5.2. Use the temperature control behavior response factor to determine the cooling capacity fluctuation range and output the cooling capacity distribution trend.

[0068] Specifically, based on the temperature control behavior response factor, the cooling capacity change amplitude of each air-conditioning zone is calculated, and the upper and lower limit thresholds of the cooling capacity fluctuation range are determined by statistical analysis method, which are called the upper limit threshold of cooling capacity and the lower limit threshold of cooling capacity respectively; the temperature control behavior response factor is compared with the upper limit threshold of cooling capacity and the lower limit threshold of cooling capacity to identify the specific range of the current cooling capacity fluctuation range; combined with time series trend analysis, the growth or decline trend of cooling capacity change is comprehensively evaluated to generate cooling capacity distribution trend data; the final output includes the cooling capacity fluctuation range of each air-conditioning zone and the overall cooling capacity distribution trend.

[0069] S5.3. Activate the partition-level phase change heat path fine-tuning mechanism according to the cooling distribution trend, perform cooling offset correction, and generate updated temperature control parameters.

[0070] Specifically, according to the cooling capacity distribution trend, the partition-level phase change heat exchange path fine-tuning mechanism is activated to extract the cooling capacity deviation data of each air-conditioning partition; according to the cooling capacity deviation, the heat exchange flow and heat exchange time parameters of the corresponding partition are adjusted in combination with the heat exchange characteristic curve of the phase change material, and the cooling capacity offset correction operation is implemented; by monitoring the heat exchange effect after correction, the partition temperature change data is collected and the updated temperature control parameters are output.

[0071] S6. Adjust the environmental operating parameters based on the updated temperature control parameters, continuously drive the linkage process of cooling capacity estimation, heat exchange regulation and air supply control, and form a closed-loop energy control mechanism for the natural cooling path.

[0072] S6.1. Correct the environmental operating parameters according to the updated temperature control parameters to form an updated control input set.

[0073] Specifically, according to the updated temperature control parameters, the environmental operating parameters are corrected, including adjusting parameters such as the opening angle of the air-conditioning partition damper, the cooling water flow rate and the phase change material heat exchange load. The adjustment range of the corresponding parameters is calculated item by item according to the temperature control target, and the final adjustment value is determined in combination with the current environmental status and equipment operation restrictions; all corrected environmental operating parameters are summarized to form an updated control input set.

[0074] S6.2. Recalculate the cooling capacity estimate based on the updated control input set and output a new cooling capacity demand.

[0075] Specifically, after reading the updated control input set, key parameters such as cooling water flow, cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature, phase change material heat exchange load, and air valve opening angle are extracted; based on the cooling water flow, cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature, and phase change material heat exchange load, the cooling capacity estimation method is used to calculate the cooling capacity transfer value per unit time. The cooling capacity estimation method is expressed as follows: ; in, Indicates the cooling transfer value per unit time. Indicates the cooling water flow rate, Indicates the heat transfer load of phase change material; For each air-conditioning zone, the cooling demand of a single zone is calculated using the temperature difference method or ratio analysis method, combined with the air valve opening angle and the temperature change trend collected by the corresponding zone temperature sensor. The cooling demand of all air-conditioning zones is accumulated to obtain the new cooling demand.

[0076] S6.3. Adjust the heat exchange parameters and air supply control strategy according to the new cooling demand, generate linkage control instructions, and monitor the environmental response status after implementation to obtain new environmental feedback data.

[0077] Specifically, according to the new cooling demand, the heat exchange efficiency parameters and the air valve opening angle are adjusted to generate corresponding heat exchange parameters and air supply control instructions; the control instructions are sent to the heat exchange equipment and air valve actuators to implement heat exchange adjustment and air supply regulation; after implementation, the environmental status parameters such as the temperature, cooling water temperature and flow of the air-conditioning partition are continuously collected, and the collected temperature data are smoothed and trend analyzed to form new environmental feedback data.

[0078] S6.4. Use the new environmental feedback data as input to update the control process and build a closed-loop energy control mechanism for the natural cooling path.

[0079] Specifically, the new environmental feedback data is used as input to update the cooling water temperature, cooling water flow, air conditioning zone temperature and air valve opening angle in real time. The cold source margin is recalculated based on the difference between the natural cooling supply estimate and the load demand. The cooling mode is determined based on the comparison result between the cold source margin and the natural cooling start threshold value, and the adjusted cooling capacity and cooling water flow control instructions are generated. After implementation, the environmental status parameters are continuously collected to form a closed-loop feedback, and the control input is cyclically updated to complete the closed-loop energy control for the natural cooling path.

[0080] This embodiment also provides a control system for a natural cooling unit, including: a parameter acquisition module for collecting environmental operating parameters and performing preprocessing to form an initial state parameter set; a margin judgment module for calculating the cold source margin based on the initial state parameter set and comparing it with the natural cooling start-up conditions, starting the natural cooling water circulation when the natural cooling conditions are met, and outputting the target cooling capacity; a heat exchange control module for constructing a cooling capacity parameter set based on the target cooling capacity and the cooling water inlet temperature, regulating part of the cooling water through phase change materials for cold storage and heat exchange, and outputting the residual cooling capacity; an air valve control module for comparing the residual cooling capacity with the air Adjust the temperature difference ratio of the zones to distribute cooling capacity, adjust the opening angle of the air valves in the air-conditioning zones, and monitor the temperature change trend of the air-conditioning zones over time to obtain the actual temperature change trend; the cooling capacity analysis module is used to analyze the cooling capacity distribution state according to the coupling relationship between the actual temperature change trend and the air valve opening angle, trigger the phase change heat path adjustment action, redistribute the cooling load, and synchronously output the updated temperature control parameters; the closed-loop control module is used to adjust the environmental operating parameters based on the updated temperature control parameters, continuously drive the linkage process of cooling capacity estimation, heat exchange regulation and air supply control, and form a closed-loop energy-saving control mechanism for the natural cooling path.

[0081] This embodiment also provides a computer device suitable for the control method of a natural cooling unit, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute computer-executable instructions to implement the control method of the natural cooling unit proposed in the above embodiment.

[0082] The computer device may be a terminal, comprising a processor, memory, a communication interface, a display, and an input device connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores an operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with external terminals via wired or wireless communication. Wireless communication may be achieved via Wi-Fi, a carrier network, NFC (near-field communication), or other technologies. The display of the computer device may be a liquid crystal display or an electronic ink display. The input device may be a touchscreen overlay on the display, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad on the computer device housing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0083] This embodiment further provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the program is executed by a processor, the control method for a natural cooling unit as proposed in the above embodiment is implemented. The storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0084] In summary, the present invention achieves dynamic regulation of cold source capacity and precise control of phase change cold storage by: constructing a cooling capacity parameter set based on the target cooling capacity and the cooling water inlet temperature, and adjusting part of the cooling water to store cold and exchange heat through phase change materials; improving the adaptability of the cooling capacity in response to changes in external load, effectively extending the natural cooling operation time, reducing dependence on mechanical refrigeration, and having the beneficial effects of improving energy efficiency and system adjustment flexibility.

[0085] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for a natural cooling unit, characterized in that: include, Collect environmental operating parameters and perform preprocessing to form an initial state parameter set; Calculate the cooling source margin based on the initial state parameter set and compare it with the natural cooling start-up conditions. When the natural cooling conditions are met, start the natural cooling water circulation and output the target cooling capacity. Based on the target cooling capacity and cooling water inlet temperature, a cooling capacity parameter set is constructed. Phase change materials are used to adjust part of the cooling water for cold storage and heat exchange, and the remaining cooling capacity is output. Distribute cooling capacity based on the ratio of remaining cooling capacity to the temperature difference of air-conditioning zones, adjust the opening angle of air valves in air-conditioning zones, and monitor the temperature change trend of air-conditioning zones over time to obtain the actual temperature change trend; Based on the coupling relationship between the actual temperature change trend and the air valve opening angle, the cooling capacity distribution status is analyzed, the phase change heat path adjustment action is triggered, the cooling load is redistributed, and the updated temperature control parameters are synchronously output; Based on the updated temperature control parameters, the environmental operating parameters are adjusted to continuously drive the linkage process of cooling capacity estimation, heat exchange regulation and air supply control, forming a closed-loop energy control mechanism for the natural cooling path.

2. The control method of the natural cooling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of forming the initial state parameter set are as follows: Collect outdoor temperature, humidity, light intensity, wind speed, cooling water temperature, supply and return water flow, and indoor temperature of air-conditioning zones to generate the original parameter data set; Interpolate and complete the original parameter data set, filter out abnormal values, output the cleaned environmental parameter data set, perform normalization and time series alignment processing, and output the structured environmental state matrix; The temperature gradient, cooling source load trend and hot and cold water flow rate change rate are extracted from the structured environmental state matrix and combined with the initial setting parameters of air conditioning operation to form an initial state parameter set.

3. The control method of the natural cooling unit according to claim 1, wherein: The output target cooling capacity is specifically performed in the following steps: Using the parameter identification mapping relationship, the initial state parameter set is field-filtered to extract the cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature, and return water flow rate; Calculate the potential cooling capacity that the environment can provide per unit time based on the cooling water inlet temperature, cooling water outlet temperature and return water flow rate, analyze the free cooling capacity, and output the free cooling supply estimate; The cooling margin is obtained by performing a difference calculation between the estimated free cooling supply value and the current load demand; Compare the cooling source margin with the natural cooling start threshold value and output the cooling mode judgment result; When the cooling mode judgment result does not meet the natural cooling conditions, the current cooling mode is maintained, and the mechanical cooling capacity target value is calculated based on the matching relationship between the mechanical cooling capacity and the current load demand; When the cooling mode judgment result meets the natural cooling conditions, the natural cooling water circulation is started, and the natural cooling capacity target value is calculated based on the natural cooling cooling supply estimation value; According to the cooling mode judgment result, the one that currently meets the operating conditions is selected from the natural cooling capacity target value and the mechanical cooling capacity target value, and the target cooling capacity is output.

4. The control method of the natural cooling unit according to claim 1, wherein: The specific steps of outputting the remaining cooling capacity are as follows: Based on the target cooling capacity and the current cooling water inlet temperature, the cooling water outlet temperature and cooling water flow rate are linked through the cooling capacity inverse solution mechanism to construct the cooling capacity parameter set for the target working condition; Input the cooling capacity parameter set into the cooling water flow response structure function, establish the cooling water dynamic flow distribution mapping interval, and form an adjustable cooling water flow range; The cooling water flow range is input into the phase change material heat exchange path for dynamic heat exchange, the actual transferred cooling capacity per unit time is output, and the residual cooling capacity is generated based on the target cooling capacity.

5. The control method of the natural cooling unit according to claim 1, wherein: The specific steps for obtaining the actual temperature change trend are as follows: Calculate the temperature difference of each air-conditioning zone based on the difference between the current temperature and the set temperature of each zone, and generate the temperature difference ratio of each zone based on the sum of the temperature differences of all zones. Calculate the required cooling capacity distribution value for each zone based on the remaining cooling capacity and the temperature difference ratio of each air conditioning zone, adjust the opening angle of the corresponding air valve in the air conditioning zone, and generate air valve control instructions; After adjusting the air valves of the air conditioning zones according to the air valve control instructions, the time changes of the air conditioning zones are continuously monitored. The temperature data is collected and smoothed and filtered and trend fitting is performed to obtain the actual temperature change trend.

6. The control method of the natural cooling unit according to claim 1, wherein: The specific steps of synchronously outputting the updated temperature control parameters are as follows: The actual temperature change trend is coupled with the air valve opening angle to construct the temperature control behavior response factor; Use the temperature control behavior response factor to determine the cooling capacity fluctuation range and output the cooling capacity distribution trend; According to the cooling distribution trend, the partition-level phase change heat path fine-tuning mechanism is activated to correct the cooling offset and generate updated temperature control parameters.

7. The control method of a natural cooling unit according to claim 1, wherein: The specific steps of forming a closed-loop energy control mechanism for the natural cooling path are as follows: Correcting environmental operating parameters according to the updated temperature control parameters to form an updated control input set; Recalculate the cooling capacity estimate based on the updated control input set and output a new cooling capacity demand; Adjust heat exchange parameters and air supply control strategies based on new cooling demand, generate linkage control instructions, and monitor environmental response status after implementation to obtain new environmental feedback data; The new environmental feedback data is used as input to update the control process and build a closed-loop energy control mechanism for the natural cooling path.

8. A control system for a free cooling unit, based on the control method for a free cooling unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include, The parameter collection module is used to collect environmental operating parameters and perform preprocessing to form an initial state parameter set; The margin judgment module is used to calculate the cooling source margin based on the initial state parameter set and compare it with the natural cooling start-up conditions. When the natural cooling conditions are met, the natural cooling water circulation is started and the target cooling capacity is output; The heat exchange control module is used to build a cooling capacity parameter set based on the target cooling capacity and cooling water inlet temperature, adjust part of the cooling water through phase change materials to store cold and exchange heat, and output the remaining cooling capacity; The air valve control module is used to distribute cooling capacity based on the ratio of remaining cooling capacity to the temperature difference of the air conditioning zones, adjust the opening angle of the air valves of the air conditioning zones, and monitor the temperature change trend of the air conditioning zones over time to obtain the actual temperature change trend; The cooling capacity analysis module is used to analyze the cooling capacity distribution status based on the coupling relationship between the actual temperature change trend and the air valve opening angle, trigger the phase change heat path adjustment action, redistribute the cooling load, and synchronously output the updated temperature control parameters; The closed-loop control module is used to adjust the environmental operating parameters based on the updated temperature control parameters, continuously drive the linkage process of cooling capacity estimation, heat exchange regulation and air supply control, and form a closed-loop energy-saving control mechanism for the natural cooling path.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the control method of the free cooling unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the control method of the free cooling unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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