Hydrogenation heat exchanger hierarchical control system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a grading control system and method for hydrogenation heat exchangers, and relates to the technical field of heat exchangers. The grading control system comprises a plurality of heat exchangers, a water chilling unit and a control unit; the cold circulating pipes of the heat exchangers are communicated with the water chilling unit, the heat circulating pipes are wound around the heating position of the heat source equipment, the cold circulating pipes and the heat circulating pipes are each provided with an automatic control valve, and a pump body of the water chilling unit and the automatic control valves are in communication connection with the control unit. The control unit can control opening and closing of the automatic control valves corresponding to the heat exchangers according to heat data of the heat source equipment. The grading control system for the hydrogenation heat exchangers can be applied to heat exchange in the filling process of the hydrogenation machine, the number of the heat exchangers is controlled in a grading mode according to different hydrogenation flows, when the filling flow of the hydrogenation machine is reduced, the number of the opened heat exchangers can be adjusted in real time according to the heat exchange amount requirement, and then the purposes of saving resources and energy are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular to a hierarchical control system and method for a hydrogenation heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is a vital national industry, and hydrogen refueling stations are crucial infrastructure for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, providing hydrogen fuel to ensure their normal operation and endurance. Hydrogen, as a special gas, differs significantly from common gases in that it heats up dramatically when compressed or expanded. Hydrogen refueling stations use a differential pressure refueling method to refuel hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. This means the pressure at the station is higher than the onboard hydrogen storage tank of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. Therefore, the volume of the hydrogen expands rapidly during refueling, causing the hydrogen to heat up dramatically. The maximum operating temperature of the onboard hydrogen storage tank is 85°C, so the hydrogen requires heat exchange and cooling before refueling.

[0003] Currently, the most common heat exchange method involves a chiller supplying circulating refrigerant to a heat exchanger. The hydrogen then passes through the heat exchanger, exchanging heat with the circulating refrigerant. The circulating refrigerant's temperature is significantly lower than the hydrogen, thereby cooling the hydrogen. Existing heat exchangers are equipped with one or two heat exchangers per hydrogenation machine. While this configuration can meet the heat exchange requirements of hydrogenation, it suffers from the inability to control the heat exchange rate based on the hydrogenation flow rate. Regardless of the hydrogenation flow rate, the heat exchange rate remains constant, which can lead to resource waste and energy loss, especially at low flow rates. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hierarchical control system and method for hydrogenation heat exchangers to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, so that the number of heat exchangers opened can be adjusted in real time according to the heat exchange demand, thereby saving resources and energy consumption.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a hierarchical control system for a hydrogenation heat exchanger, comprising a plurality of heat exchangers, a chiller and a control unit. The chiller performs heat exchange with a heat source device through a plurality of heat exchangers arranged in parallel. The cold circulation pipe of each heat exchanger is connected to the chiller, and the hot circulation pipe is wound around the heat source of the heat source device. An automatic control valve is provided on each of the cold circulation pipes and the hot circulation pipe. The pump body of the chiller and each of the automatic control valves are communicatively connected to the control unit. The control unit can control the opening and closing of the corresponding automatic control valve of each heat exchanger according to the heat data of the heat source device.

[0007] Preferably, the heat exchanger includes a double-tube heat exchanger or a shell and tube heat exchanger.

[0008] Preferably, the automatic control valve includes a pneumatic valve, an electric valve or an electromagnetic valve.

[0009] Preferably, the refrigerant of the chiller includes water, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or glacial refrigerant.

[0010] Preferably, the heat exchange capacities of the heat exchangers are the same or different, and when the heat exchangers are all turned on, the maximum heat exchange capacity requirement of the heat source equipment is met.

[0011] Preferably, the number of the heat exchangers is 5, among which a heat exchanger with the smallest heat exchange capacity is provided.

[0012] Preferably, the number of the heat exchangers is 5, among which two heat exchangers with the smallest heat exchange capacity are provided, and the heat exchange capacity of the remaining heat exchangers is twice the minimum heat exchange capacity.

[0013] Preferably, a flow meter is provided on the heat source device, the reading of the flow meter is linearly corresponding to the instantaneous heat generation on the heat source device, the flow meter is communicatively connected to the control unit, and the control unit can control the opening and closing of the automatic control valve corresponding to each heat exchanger according to the data of the flow meter.

[0014] The present invention also relates to a hierarchical control method for a hydrogenation heat exchanger. Based on the above-mentioned hierarchical control system for the hydrogenation heat exchanger, the heat exchangers include heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, heat exchanger III, heat exchanger IV, and heat exchanger V. The heat exchange capacity of heat exchanger V is the smallest and is 7.51 kW. The heat exchange capacity of heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, heat exchanger III, and heat exchanger IV is 15.01 kW. The heat source equipment is a hydrogenator. The specific control steps are as follows:

[0015] The hydrogenator is performing hydrogenation. When the control unit displays 5.4kg / min < flow meter reading ≤ 7.2kg / min, the control unit controls all automatic control valves to be in the open state. At this time, the chiller provides refrigerant to the cold circulation pipes of the five heat exchangers for heat exchange with the hot circulation pipes. The hydrogen pipes in the hydrogenator exchange heat with the hot circulation pipes of the heat exchangers for cooling.

[0016] When the control unit displays 3.6 kg / min < flow meter reading ≤ 5.4 kg / min, the control unit controls to close the two automatic control valves on the heat exchanger I, and the automatic control valves of the other four heat exchangers remain open. The chiller provides refrigerant through the heat exchanger III, the heat exchanger IV and the heat exchanger V to exchange heat and cool the hydrogen pipe in the hydrogenator;

[0017] When the control unit displays 1.8 kg / min < flow meter reading ≤ 3.6 kg / min, the hydrogenation machine computer collects this data and closes the automatic control valves on the heat exchanger I and the heat exchanger II, and the automatic control valves of the other heat exchangers remain open. The chiller provides refrigerant through the heat exchanger III, the heat exchanger IV and the heat exchanger V to exchange heat and cool the hydrogen pipe in the hydrogenation machine;

[0018] When the control unit displays 0.9 kg / min < flow meter reading ≤ 1.8 kg / min, the hydrogenation machine computer collects this data and closes the automatic control valves on the heat exchanger I, the heat exchanger II and the heat exchanger III, and the other automatic control valves remain open. The chiller provides refrigerant through the heat exchanger IV and the heat exchanger V to exchange heat and cool the hydrogen pipe in the hydrogenation machine;

[0019] When the control unit displays 0.4kg / min<flow meter reading ≤0.9kg / min, the hydrogenation machine computer collects this data and closes the automatic control valves on the heat exchanger I, the heat exchanger II, the heat exchanger III and the heat exchanger IV, and the automatic control valve of the heat exchanger V remains open. At this time, the chiller provides refrigerant to exchange heat and cool down through the heat exchanger V and the hydrogen pipe in the hydrogenation machine.

[0020] The present invention also relates to a hierarchical control method for a hydrogenation heat exchanger. Based on the above-mentioned hierarchical control system for the hydrogenation heat exchanger, the heat exchangers include heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, heat exchanger III, heat exchanger IV, and heat exchanger V. The heat exchange capacity of heat exchanger V and heat exchanger IV is the smallest and both are 7.51 kW. The heat exchange capacity of heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, and heat exchanger III is 15.02 kW. The heat source equipment is a hydrogenator. The specific control steps are as follows:

[0021] The hydrogenator is performing hydrogenation, and when 0.4 kg / min is less than the flow meter reading ≤ 0.9 kg / min, only the automatic control valve on the heat exchanger IV or the heat exchanger V is opened;

[0022] When 0.9kg / min<flow meter reading≤1.8kg / min, open heat exchanger V and heat exchanger IV at the same time, or open only the automatic control valve on any one of heat exchangers I, II and III;

[0023] When 1.8kg / min<flow meter reading≤3.6kg / min, open the automatic control valves on heat exchanger V, heat exchanger IV, and heat exchanger III at the same time, or open the automatic control valves on any two heat exchangers among heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, and heat exchanger III at the same time;

[0024] When 3.6kg / min<flow meter reading≤5.4kg / min, open the automatic control valves on heat exchanger V, heat exchanger IV, heat exchanger III and heat exchanger II at the same time, or open the automatic control valves on heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II and heat exchanger III at the same time;

[0025] When 5.4kg / min<flow meter reading≤7.2kg / min, all the automatic control valves on the five heat exchangers are opened.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0027] The hydrogenation heat exchanger hierarchical control system of the present invention can be applied to heat exchange during the hydrogenation machine filling process. The number of heat exchangers is controlled in stages according to the different hydrogenation flow rates. When the hydrogenation machine filling flow rate is large, more heat exchange is required, and all heat exchangers can be controlled to be fully open. When the hydrogenation machine filling flow rate decreases, the number of open heat exchangers can be adjusted in real time according to the heat exchange demand, thereby achieving the purpose of saving resources and energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hierarchical control system of the hydrogenation heat exchanger in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 1- chiller, 2- control unit, 3- automatic control valve, 4- hydrogenation machine, 5- flow meter, 6- pump body, 7- cold circulation pipe, 8- hot circulation pipe, I, II, III, V, IV- heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", "front", "back", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is merely for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0033] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0034] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hierarchical control system and method for hydrogenation heat exchangers to solve the problems existing in the prior art, so that the number of heat exchangers opened can be adjusted in real time according to the heat exchange demand, thereby saving resources and energy consumption.

[0035] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a hydrogenation heat exchanger hierarchical control system, including several heat exchangers, a chiller 1 and a control unit 2. The chiller 1 exchanges heat with the heat source equipment through several heat exchangers arranged in parallel. The cold circulation pipe 7 of each heat exchanger is connected to the chiller 1, and the hot circulation pipe 8 is wound around the heat source of the heat source equipment. An automatic control valve 3 is provided on each cold circulation pipe 7 and the hot circulation pipe 8 to control the opening and closing of the cold source circulation and the heat source circulation. The pump body 6 of the chiller 1 and each automatic control valve 3 are all communicated with the control unit 2. The control unit 2 can control the opening and closing of the corresponding automatic control valve 3 of each heat exchanger according to the heat data of the heat source equipment.

[0038] As an optional solution, the heat exchanger in this embodiment includes a double-tube heat exchanger or a shell and tube heat exchanger. The appropriate type of heat exchanger can be selected according to user needs.

[0039] As an optional solution, the automatic control valve 3 in this embodiment includes a pneumatic valve, an electric valve or an electromagnetic valve to facilitate automatic control.

[0040] As an optional solution, the refrigerant of the chiller 1 in this embodiment includes water, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or glacial refrigerant, and a suitable refrigerant can be selected according to user needs.

[0041] Preferably, the heat exchange capacities of the heat exchangers are the same or different, and when all heat exchangers are turned on, they meet the maximum heat exchange requirement of the heat source device. This embodiment can control the number of heat exchange stages in real time based on the heat exchange requirement, thereby regulating the number of heat exchangers turned on, saving unnecessary resources and reducing energy consumption.

[0042] As an optional solution, the number of heat exchangers in this embodiment is 5, among which a heat exchanger with the smallest heat exchange capacity is provided. When the hydrogenation flow rate is very small, only the heat exchanger with the smallest heat exchange capacity can be used to avoid energy waste.

[0043] As an optional solution, the number of heat exchangers in this embodiment is 5, among which two heat exchangers with the smallest heat exchange capacity are provided, and the heat exchange capacity of the remaining heat exchangers is twice the minimum heat exchange capacity, so that the heat exchange capacity can be slowly increased or decreased.

[0044] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, a flow meter 5 is provided on the heat source equipment. The reading of the flow meter 5 is linearly corresponding to the instantaneous heat generation on the heat source equipment. The flow meter 5 is communicated with the control unit 2. The control unit 2 can control the opening and closing of the corresponding automatic control valve 3 of each heat exchanger according to the data of the flow meter 5.

[0045] In this embodiment, the control unit 2 is a computer. The hydrogenation machine 4 is provided with a flow meter 5 and a computer. The flow meter 5 can monitor the hydrogenation flow in real time. At the same time, the computer collects and records the flow data. The computer controls the switch of the automatic control valve 3 on the corresponding heat exchanger according to the real-time filling flow change of the hydrogenation machine 4 to realize the hierarchical control of the filling heat exchanger. At the same time, the computer can upload the flow data to the station control system of the hydrogenation station. The station control system can adjust the chiller load according to different hydrogenation flows.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] This embodiment provides a hydrogenation heat exchanger hierarchical control method, which is based on the hydrogenation heat exchanger hierarchical control system in the above-mentioned embodiment 1. The heat exchangers include heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, heat exchanger III, heat exchanger IV and heat exchanger V. The heat exchange capacity of heat exchanger V is the smallest and is 7.51 kW. The heat exchange capacity of heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, heat exchanger III and heat exchanger IV is 15.01 kW. There is rounding in the calculation process. The heat source equipment is hydrogenator 4. The specific control steps are as follows: According to different working conditions, it can be divided into several stages of heat exchange process. There are several heat exchangers for several stages of heat exchange process. Here, five stages are used as an example for explanation.

[0048] The hydrogenator 4 is performing hydrogenation. When the control unit 2 displays 5.4 kg / min < the flow meter 5 reading ≤ 7.2 kg / min, the control unit 2 controls all automatic control valves 3 to be in the open state. At this time, the chiller provides refrigerant to the cold circulation pipes 7 of the five heat exchangers for heat exchange with the hot circulation pipes 8. The hydrogen pipes in the hydrogenator 4 exchange heat with the hot circulation pipes 8 of the heat exchangers for cooling.

[0049] When the control unit 2 displays 3.6 kg / min < the flow meter 5 reading ≤ 5.4 kg / min, the control unit 2 controls the closing of the two automatic control valves 3 on the heat exchanger I, and the automatic control valves 3 of the other four heat exchangers remain open. The chiller provides refrigerant through the heat exchangers III, IV and V to exchange heat with the hydrogen pipe in the hydrogenator 4 for cooling.

[0050] When the control unit 2 displays 1.8 kg / min < the flow meter 5 reading ≤ 3.6 kg / min, the computer of the hydrogenation machine 4 collects this data and closes the automatic control valves 3 on the heat exchangers I and II. The automatic control valves 3 of the other heat exchangers remain open. The chiller provides refrigerant through the heat exchangers III, IV and V to exchange heat with the hydrogen pipe in the hydrogenation machine 4 for cooling.

[0051] When the control unit 2 displays 0.9 kg / min < the flow meter 5 reading ≤ 1.8 kg / min, the computer of the hydrogenation machine 4 collects this data and closes the automatic control valves 3 on the heat exchangers I, II and III, while the other automatic control valves 3 remain open. The chiller provides refrigerant through the heat exchangers IV and V to exchange heat with the hydrogen pipe in the hydrogenation machine 4 for cooling.

[0052] When the control unit 2 displays 0.4kg / min<flow meter 5 reading ≤0.9kg / min, the computer of the hydrogenator 4 collects this data and closes the automatic control valve 3 on heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, heat exchanger III and heat exchanger IV, and the automatic control valve 3 of heat exchanger V remains open. At this time, the chiller provides refrigerant through heat exchanger V and the hydrogen pipe in the hydrogenator 4 for heat exchange and cooling.

[0053] In this embodiment, the number of heat exchanger stages and the chiller load can be controlled according to the change of the hydrogenation flow rate of the hydrogenator 4: when the hydrogenation flow rate is large, the corresponding automatic control valve 3 is opened, all heat exchangers are involved in the work, and the chiller operates at full load; when the hydrogenation flow rate is small, the corresponding automatic control valve 3 is closed according to the flow rate conditions, some heat exchangers are involved in the work, and the chiller reduces the load, thereby realizing hierarchical control of heat exchange, saving resources and reducing energy consumption.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] This embodiment provides a hierarchical control method for a hydrogenation heat exchanger. Based on the hierarchical control system for the hydrogenation heat exchanger in the first embodiment, the heat exchangers include heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, heat exchanger III, heat exchanger IV, and heat exchanger V. The heat exchangers include heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, heat exchanger III, heat exchanger IV, and heat exchanger V. The heat exchange capacity of heat exchanger V and heat exchanger IV is the smallest and both are 7.51 kW. The heat exchange capacity of heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, and heat exchanger III is 15.02 kW. There is rounding in the calculation process. The heat source equipment is a hydrogenator. The specific control steps are as follows:

[0056] According to calculations, the required heat exchange when 0.4kg / min<flow meter 5 indication ≤ 0.9kg / min is 7.51kw; when 0.9kg / min<flow meter 5 indication ≤ 1.8kg / min, the required heat exchange is 15.02kw; when 1.8kg / min<flow meter 5 indication ≤ 3.6kg / min, the required heat exchange is 30.03kw; when 3.6kg / min<flow meter 5 indication ≤ 5.4kg / min, the required heat exchange is 45.05kw; when 5.4kg / min<flow meter 5 indication ≤ 7.2kg / min, the required heat exchange is 60.06kw.

[0057] The hydrogenator 4 performs hydrogenation. When 0.4 kg / min < the flow meter 5 reading ≤ 0.9 kg / min, only the automatic control valve 3 on the heat exchanger IV or the heat exchanger V is opened;

[0058] When 0.9kg / min<flow meter 5 reading≤1.8kg / min, open heat exchanger V and heat exchanger IV at the same time, or open only the automatic control valve 3 on any one of heat exchangers I, II, and III;

[0059] When 1.8 kg / min < flow meter 5 reading ≤ 3.6 kg / min, open the automatic control valve 3 on heat exchanger V, heat exchanger IV, and heat exchanger III at the same time, or open the automatic control valve 3 on any two heat exchangers among heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, and heat exchanger III at the same time;

[0060] When 3.6 kg / min < flow meter 5 reading ≤ 5.4 kg / min, open the automatic control valve 3 on heat exchanger V, heat exchanger IV, heat exchanger III and heat exchanger II at the same time, or open the automatic control valve 3 on heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II and heat exchanger III at the same time;

[0061] When 5.4 kg / min<flow meter 5 reading≤7.2 kg / min, the automatic control valves 3 on the five heat exchangers are all opened.

[0062] Throughout this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "certain embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "this embodiment," "specific examples," or "some examples" indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative uses of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0063] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A hierarchical control system for a hydrogenation heat exchanger, characterized in that: It includes several heat exchangers, chillers and control units. The chillers exchange heat with the heat source equipment through several heat exchangers arranged in parallel. The cold circulation pipes of each heat exchanger are connected to the chiller, and the hot circulation pipes are wound around the heat source of the heat source equipment. An automatic control valve is provided on each cold circulation pipe and the hot circulation pipe. The pump body of the chiller and each automatic control valve are communicatively connected with the control unit. The control unit can control the opening and closing of the corresponding automatic control valve of each heat exchanger according to the heat data of the heat source equipment.

2. The hierarchical control system for hydrogenation heat exchangers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger includes a double-tube heat exchanger or a shell and tube heat exchanger.

3. The hierarchical control system for hydrogenation heat exchangers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic control valve includes a pneumatic valve, an electric valve or an electromagnetic valve.

4. The hierarchical control system for a hydrogenation heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigerant of the chiller includes water, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or glacial refrigerant.

5. The hierarchical control system for hydrogenation heat exchangers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange capacities of the heat exchangers are the same or different, and when the heat exchangers are all turned on, the maximum heat exchange capacity requirement of the heat source equipment is met.

6. The hierarchical control system for hydrogenation heat exchangers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the heat exchangers is 5, among which a heat exchanger with the smallest heat exchange capacity is provided.

7. The hierarchical control system for hydrogenation heat exchangers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the heat exchangers is 5, among which two heat exchangers with the smallest heat exchange capacity are provided, and the heat exchange capacity of the remaining heat exchangers is twice the minimum heat exchange capacity.

8. The hierarchical control system for hydrogenation heat exchangers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat source device is provided with a flow meter, the reading of the flow meter is linearly corresponding to the instantaneous heat generation of the heat source device, the flow meter is communicatively connected with the control unit, and the control unit can control the opening and closing of the automatic control valve corresponding to each heat exchanger according to the data of the flow meter.

9. A method for hierarchical control of a hydrogenation heat exchanger, based on the hierarchical control system of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The heat exchanger includes heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, heat exchanger III, heat exchanger IV and heat exchanger V. The heat exchange capacity of heat exchanger V is the smallest and is 7.51kw. The heat exchange capacity of heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, heat exchanger III and heat exchanger IV is 15.01kw. The heat source equipment is a hydrogenator. The specific control steps are as follows: The hydrogenator is performing hydrogenation. When the control unit displays 5.4kg / min < flow meter reading ≤ 7.2kg / min, the control unit controls all automatic control valves to be in the open state. At this time, the chiller provides refrigerant to the cold circulation pipes of the five heat exchangers for heat exchange with the hot circulation pipes. The hydrogen pipes in the hydrogenator exchange heat with the hot circulation pipes of the heat exchangers for cooling. When the control unit displays 3.6 kg / min < flow meter reading ≤ 5.4 kg / min, the control unit controls to close the two automatic control valves on the heat exchanger I, and the automatic control valves of the other four heat exchangers remain open. The chiller provides refrigerant through the heat exchanger III, the heat exchanger IV and the heat exchanger V to exchange heat and cool the hydrogen pipe in the hydrogenator; When the control unit displays 1.8 kg / min < flow meter reading ≤ 3.6 kg / min, the hydrogenation machine computer collects this data and closes the automatic control valves on the heat exchanger I and the heat exchanger II, and the automatic control valves of the other heat exchangers remain open. The chiller provides refrigerant through the heat exchanger III, the heat exchanger IV and the heat exchanger V to exchange heat and cool the hydrogen pipe in the hydrogenation machine; When the control unit displays 0.9 kg / min < flow meter reading ≤ 1.8 kg / min, the hydrogenation machine computer collects this data and closes the automatic control valves on the heat exchanger I, the heat exchanger II and the heat exchanger III, and the other automatic control valves remain open. The chiller provides refrigerant through the heat exchanger IV and the heat exchanger V to exchange heat and cool the hydrogen pipe in the hydrogenation machine; When the control unit displays 0.4kg / min<flow meter reading ≤0.9kg / min, the hydrogenation machine computer collects this data and closes the automatic control valves on the heat exchanger I, the heat exchanger II, the heat exchanger III and the heat exchanger IV, and the automatic control valve of the heat exchanger V remains open. At this time, the chiller provides refrigerant to exchange heat and cool down through the heat exchanger V and the hydrogen pipe in the hydrogenation machine.

10. A method for hierarchical control of a hydrogenation heat exchanger, based on the hierarchical control system of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The heat exchanger includes heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, heat exchanger III, heat exchanger IV and heat exchanger V. The heat exchange capacity of heat exchanger V and heat exchanger IV is the smallest and both are 7.51kw. The heat exchange capacity of heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II and heat exchanger III is 15.02kw. The heat source equipment is a hydrogenator. The specific control steps are as follows: The hydrogenator is performing hydrogenation, and when 0.4 kg / min is less than the flow meter reading ≤ 0.9 kg / min, only the automatic control valve on the heat exchanger IV or the heat exchanger V is opened; When 0.9kg / min<flow meter reading≤1.8kg / min, open heat exchanger V and heat exchanger IV at the same time, or open only the automatic control valve on any one of heat exchangers I, II and III; When 1.8kg / min<flow meter reading≤3.6kg / min, open the automatic control valves on heat exchanger V, heat exchanger IV, and heat exchanger III at the same time, or open the automatic control valves on any two heat exchangers among heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II, and heat exchanger III at the same time; When 3.6kg / min<flow meter reading≤5.4kg / min, open the automatic control valves on heat exchanger V, heat exchanger IV, heat exchanger III and heat exchanger II at the same time, or open the automatic control valves on heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II and heat exchanger III at the same time; When 5.4kg / min<flow meter reading≤7.2kg / min, all the automatic control valves on the five heat exchangers are opened.

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