Seismic data storage method, seismic data reading method, seismic data storage device and seismic data reading device

Abstract

The invention discloses a seismic data storage method, a seismic data reading method, a seismic data storage device and a seismic data reading device.The storage method comprises the steps that according to user requirements, a precision mode used for storing seismic data is determined; determining metadata for describing the seismic data according to the precision mode; wherein the metadata comprises a global scale factor, a precision grade factor, a sampling point number factor and a data format factor; determining a storage format of the seismic data according to the precision mode; wherein bits occupied by mantissa bits of the storage formats corresponding to the precision modes are different; and writing the metadata into the header of the seismic data file according to the storage format, and writing the seismic data into the seismic gather of the seismic data file according to the storage format. The storage method not only can reduce the consumption of the storage space, but also can ensure the integrity and accuracy of the seismic data within the precision requirement range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of seismic exploration, and in particular to a seismic data storage method, a storage device, a seismic data reading method, a reading device, and a computing device. Background Art

[0002] Seismic exploration data is generally massive, with a single work area potentially containing hundreds of TB of data. Traditional seismic data storage uses standardized data storage formats, such as the SEGY (Standard for the Exchange of Geophysical Data) format, which contains information such as the sampling value, timestamp, and sampling rate of the seismic data. However, the SEGY format has a relatively simple control over data accuracy, making it difficult to meet the flexible requirements for data accuracy in different application scenarios. With the development of seismic exploration technology, the storage demand for massive seismic data has gradually increased, and the storage demand for data of different accuracy levels has become increasingly important. Therefore, how to effectively control the storage accuracy of seismic data while ensuring storage efficiency and data recovery accuracy has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] While existing methods exist for compressing or optimizing seismic data, they often struggle to balance accuracy with storage efficiency, limiting data recovery accuracy. Therefore, a method is urgently needed that can meet storage accuracy requirements while optimizing storage space and improving storage efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a seismic data storage method, storage device and seismic data reading method and reading device that overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for storing seismic data comprises the following steps:

[0006] Determine the accuracy mode for storing seismic data based on user requirements;

[0007] Determining metadata for describing seismic data according to the precision mode; wherein the metadata includes: a global scale factor, a precision level factor, a sampling point number factor, and a data format factor;

[0008] Determine the storage format of the seismic data according to the precision mode; wherein the mantissa bits of the storage format corresponding to each precision mode occupy different bits;

[0009] The metadata is written into the header of the seismic data file, and the seismic data is written into the seismic gathers of the seismic data file according to the storage format.

[0010] Optionally, the global scaling factor represents a scaling factor used to scale the maximum amplitude value of the seismic data to the mantissa of the corresponding precision level; the precision level factor is used to describe the data accuracy of the seismic data; the sampling point number factor is used to describe the number of sampling points for each channel of seismic data; and the data format factor is used to describe the floating-point recording format of the seismic data.

[0011] Optionally, determining the storage format of the seismic data according to the precision mode further includes: determining the bit positions occupied by the sign bit, exponent bit and mantissa bit of the seismic data respectively according to the precision mode.

[0012] Optionally, the sign bit occupies 1 bit, the exponent bit occupies 3 bits, and the number of bits occupied by the mantissa bit is determined based on the precision mode.

[0013] Optionally, the seismic data file is a SEGY file, wherein preset bytes for recording metadata are added to the header of the SEGY file.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for reading seismic data is provided. The method for reading seismic data is implemented by the above-mentioned seismic data storage method. The method for reading seismic data comprises the following steps:

[0015] Read metadata from a header of a seismic data file, and read seismic data from a seismic gather in the seismic data file;

[0016] The seismic data is processed according to the metadata to obtain processed seismic data.

[0017] Optionally, data processing is performed according to the following formula:

[0018] sign*integers*10^exponent*scalar_global

[0019] Among them, sign is the data recorded by the sign bit, integers is the data recorded by the mantissa bit, exponent is the data recorded by the exponent bit, and scalar_global is the global scale factor.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a seismic data storage device comprising:

[0021] The accuracy selection module is used to determine the accuracy mode for storing seismic data according to user requirements;

[0022] A metadata acquisition module is used to determine metadata for describing seismic data according to the precision mode; wherein the metadata includes: a global scale factor, a precision level factor, a sampling point number factor, and a data format factor;

[0023] A storage format processing module is used to determine the storage format of the seismic data according to the precision mode; wherein the mantissa bits of the storage format corresponding to each precision mode occupy different bits;

[0024] The data writing module is used to write metadata into the header of the seismic data file and, according to the storage format, write the seismic data into the seismic gather of the seismic data file.

[0025] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a seismic data reading device is provided. The seismic data reading device is implemented based on the above-mentioned seismic data storage device. The seismic data reading device includes:

[0026] A data reading module is used to read metadata from the header of the seismic data file and to read seismic data from the seismic gathers in the seismic data file;

[0027] The data processing module is used to process the seismic data according to the metadata to obtain processed seismic data.

[0028] According to the seismic data storage method, storage device and seismic data reading method and reading device of the present invention, according to user needs, a precision mode for storing seismic data is determined; according to the precision mode, metadata for describing the seismic data is determined; wherein the metadata includes: a global scale factor, a precision level factor, a sampling point number factor and a data format factor; according to the precision mode, the storage format of the seismic data is determined; wherein the bits occupied by the mantissa of the storage format corresponding to each precision mode are different; the metadata is written into the header of the seismic data file, and, according to the storage format, the seismic data is written into the seismic trace gather of the seismic data file; the metadata is read from the header of the seismic data file, and the seismic data is read from the seismic trace gather of the seismic data file; according to the metadata, the seismic data is processed to obtain the processed seismic data. The seismic data storage method and reading method based on the present application can not only accurately control the precision of each stored seismic data to meet the needs of different application scenarios, but also perform precision adjustment and reduce bit occupancy, significantly reducing the space consumption of data storage, and can also be compatible with existing seismic data formats (such as SEGY) and support flexible conversion with existing seismic data formats.

[0029] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are specifically listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. The same reference symbols are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for storing seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing a seismic data format according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing a seismic trace of a seismic data format according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing a seismic data storage format of the prior art and different precision modes of an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of a method for reading seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 6 It shows a schematic structural diagram of a seismic data storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a seismic data reading device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; and

[0038] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a computing device according to an embodiment of the invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0040] Figure 1 FIG. 4 shows a flow chart of a method for storing seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the seismic data storage method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0041] Step S110: determining the accuracy mode for storing seismic data according to user requirements.

[0042] Specifically, users can determine the precision mode for storing seismic data based on the required accuracy of the seismic data. Different precision modes can meet different accuracy requirements. For example, different precision modes are represented as P1-PN, where N is a positive integer. This means there are N precision modes (accuracy requirements) available for users to choose from. P1 indicates that the seismic data to be stored retains two significant digits, P2 indicates that the seismic data to be stored retains three significant digits... and so on, PN indicates that the seismic data to be stored retains N+1 significant digits. When selecting a precision mode, the larger N is, the higher the precision requirement for the seismic data to be stored, and the more storage space is occupied. Conversely, the smaller N is, the lower the precision requirement for the seismic data to be stored, and the less storage space is occupied. Users can comprehensively consider the desired precision mode based on the required accuracy requirements and storage space.

[0043] Table 1 illustrates the relationship between precision mode, precision requirement, and storage space using a specific example (taking N equal to 5). As shown in Table 1, the lower the precision mode selected by the user, that is, the lower the precision requirement, the greater the storage space saved. Conversely, the higher the precision mode selected by the user, that is, the higher the precision requirement, the less storage space saved.

[0044] In this embodiment, five precision modes are used for illustration. This is based on the characteristics of seismic data and the needs of actual seismic data processing. The ratio of the maximum to minimum recordable values ​​for float32 in standard SEGY recording in the prior art reaches 10^83, which is quite redundant for seismic data. First, the dynamic range of conventional seismic data acquisition instruments is generally 120dB, which corresponds to a difference of 10^6 (a million times) in the maximum and minimum recordable amplitudes. Precision mode P5 in this embodiment fully meets the precision requirements of the original seismic data recording, so there is no need to increase the number of bits to represent the data. Other precision modes can be selected based on user needs. For simple quality control, precision mode P1 is generally sufficient for data storage. For routine data processing, precision modes P2 and P3 are generally sufficient for data storage. The specific precision mode definition and selection can be adjusted by the user according to the specific situation and are not limited here. Determining the precision mode used for storing seismic data based on user needs not only reduces storage space consumption but also ensures the integrity and accuracy of seismic data within the required precision range.

[0045] Table 1

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] Step S120 , determining metadata for describing the seismic data according to the precision mode; wherein the metadata includes: a global scale factor, a precision level factor, a sampling point number factor, and a data format factor.

[0049] Figure 2 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a seismic data format according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, in the seismic data format of an embodiment of the present invention, based on the existing seismic general data storage format (SEGY), metadata (MetaData), a character encoding table header (EBCDIC Header), and a binary header (Binary Header) are added to the header of the seismic data, followed by the data information of each seismic trace. Specifically, the metadata is used to describe the seismic data; preferably, the metadata occupies 60 bytes; the character encoding table header is used to describe the basic information of the seismic data. It is located at the very beginning of the seismic data and is used to describe the basic information and instructions of the seismic data in a user-readable format, such as acquisition parameters, processing history, and file descriptions; and the binary header is used to describe some basic parameters and key information of the entire seismic data. Preferably, the character encoding table header occupies 3200 bytes and the binary header occupies 400 bytes. The number of bytes occupied by the character encoding table header and binary header is consistent with the number of bytes occupied by the character encoding table header and binary header of the existing data storage format SEGY, so as to facilitate the reading of seismic data stored using the storage method of this embodiment and support flexible conversion to SEGY.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present invention, the global scaling factor represents a scaling factor for scaling the maximum amplitude value of the seismic data to the mantissa of the corresponding precision level; the precision level is used to describe the data accuracy of the seismic data; the sampling point number factor is used to describe the number of sampling points for each channel of seismic data; and the data format factor is used to describe the floating-point recording format of the seismic data. Specifically, the global scaling factor (scalar_global) describes the amplitude magnitude of the global seismic data, scaling the maximum amplitude value to a number of positive integers of the corresponding precision level. For example, when the precision mode selected by the user is P1, two significant digits (counting from non-zero values ​​from left to right) will be retained when storing the corresponding seismic data. When the precision mode is P1, the corresponding data error is maximum 0.5% when storing seismic data. The precision level (precisionLevel) describes the seismic data accuracy of OCSEGY (the seismic data format when using the storage method of this embodiment). When converting back to the SEGY format, the corresponding data configuration information can be selected according to the precision level to correctly read the data and realize flexible conversion with SEGY. The sampling point factor (samples) describes the number of sampling points of each seismic channel to facilitate data reading of seismic data stored according to the seismic data storage method of this embodiment. And the data format factor (dataFormat) describes the floating-point record format of the seismic data, where "1" is IBM floating point and "5" is IEEE floating point data.

[0051] Specifically, Figure 3 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a seismic trace in a seismic data format according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, each trace includes a seismic trace header and float32 (SEGY) data corresponding to the sampling point data. The seismic trace header is used to describe the information of the seismic data of the trace. Preferably, the number of bytes occupied by the seismic trace header of this embodiment is consistent with the number of bytes occupied by the seismic trace header of the SEGY format, occupying 240 bytes.

[0052] Step S130, determining the storage format of the seismic data according to the precision mode; wherein the number of bits occupied by the mantissa of the storage format corresponding to each precision mode is different.

[0053] Specifically, determining the storage format of the seismic data according to the precision mode further includes: determining the bit positions occupied by the sign bit, the exponent bit, and the mantissa bit of the seismic data according to the precision mode. Figure 3The Trace Data in the seismic data is redesigned and encoded at the bit level, and different mantissa bits are set for data representation at different precision levels, so that storage space can be saved while meeting the precision level requirements, and seismic data storage with controllable precision can be achieved.

[0054] Table 2 is a bit placeholder table for the five precision levels of seismic data when the data storage method of this embodiment is used to store seismic data. As shown in Table 2, Table 2 shows the correspondence between the precision level, precision, number of significant digits to be retained, positive integer range, number of binary digits occupied by positive integers, total number of digits, and storage space saved in this embodiment. In this embodiment, 32-bit floating points are normalized to pure integers, wherein, for any precision level selected, the sign bit occupies 1 bit, the exponent bit occupies 3 bits, and the bits occupied by the mantissa are determined based on the precision mode. The sign bit is 1, indicating that the stored seismic data is a negative number, and the sign bit is 0, indicating that the stored seismic data is zero or a positive number, which is recorded as sign.

[0055] Table 2

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] Since the dynamic range of the aforementioned seismic data acquisition instrument is generally 120dB, the difference between the maximum and minimum recordable amplitude values ​​is 10^6. The calculated maximum exponent is 6, and the numbers that can be represented by 3 bits are 0-7. Therefore, 3 exponent bits are sufficient to accurately represent the magnitude of all seismic data. Therefore, in the seismic data format of this embodiment, the exponent bits occupy 3 bits, which are the energy difference magnitude between the absolute value of the current seismic data value and the global maximum amplitude value in the current seismic trace gather. The specific calculation method is:

[0059] exponent=log(|sample| / max_amplitude)

[0060] Among them, |sample| represents the absolute value of the current seismic data value, and max_amplitude represents the global maximum amplitude value in the previous seismic gather.

[0061] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of different precision modes of the seismic data storage format according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4As shown in the figure, according to the precision mode selected by the user, the integer bit M of the five precision modes P1 to P5 occupies 7, 10, 14, 17, and 20 bits respectively, which respectively represent the 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 significant digits of each sampling point, recorded as integers, to realize the format and storage of seismic data with controllable precision. The seismic data is stored based on the five precision modes P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5, and the corresponding storage space saving percentages compared with the existing technology are: 65.6%, 56.3%, 43.8%, 34.4%, and 25.0%, respectively.

[0062] In this embodiment, the seismic data file is a SEGY file, wherein preset bytes for recording metadata are added to the header of the SEGY file. The metadata includes information such as a global scaling factor, an accuracy level factor, a sampling point number factor, and a data format factor. Preferably, the metadata occupies 60 bytes.

[0063] Step S140 , writing the metadata into the header of the seismic data file, and writing the seismic data into the seismic gather of the seismic data file according to the storage format.

[0064] Specifically, the global scale factor, precision level factor, sampling point number factor and data format factor of the metadata are written into the header of the seismic data file, and the seismic data are written into the seismic track gather of the seismic data file according to the storage format to complete the storage of the seismic data.

[0065] Figure 5 A flow chart of a method for reading seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The method for reading seismic data is implemented based on the above-mentioned method for storing seismic data. The method for reading seismic data includes the following steps S210 to S220.

[0066] S210 , reading metadata from a header of a seismic data file, and reading seismic data from a seismic gather in the seismic data file.

[0067] Specifically, the metadata includes information such as global scale factor, precision level factor, sampling point number factor, and data format factor.

[0068] S220 , performing data processing on the seismic data according to the metadata to obtain processed seismic data.

[0069] Specifically, based on the global scale factor, precision level factor, sampling point number factor and data format factor, the seismic data stored in the seismic data storage method of this application will be read; for data processing of the seismic data according to metadata, please refer to the specific examples below.

[0070] In an optional embodiment, data processing is performed according to the following formula:

[0071] sign*integers*10^exponent*scalar_global

[0072] Among them, sign is the data recorded by the sign bit, integers is the data recorded by the mantissa bit, exponent is the data recorded by the exponent bit, and scalar_global is the global scale factor.

[0073] The following describes the seismic data storage method and reading method of the embodiment of the present application using the seismic data 0.00052376 as an example.

[0074] Assume that the user chooses to use the accuracy level P1 to store the above seismic data, and assume that the global maximum value in the seismic gather is 0.897654;

[0075] Integer digit: The integer digit is the two significant digits to be retained, which should be 52.3 rounded to 52;

[0076] Global scaling factor: This is the scaling factor that scales the global maximum value to a two-digit integer, i.e., a global reduction factor that scales 0.897654 to 89.7654. Here, it is 10^-2, meaning all data is scaled down by 10^-2, and when restoring data, it is scaled up by 10^-2.

[0077] Sign bit: Since 0.00052376 is greater than zero, the sign bit is represented by 0;

[0078] Exponent: Assuming that the global maximum value in this seismic gather is 0.897654, based on the formula exponent = log(|sample| / max_amplitude), which represents the order of magnitude difference between the current data and the assumed global maximum value, it can be seen that the exponent is -3. Based on the formula sign*integers*10^exponent*scalar global, it can be deduced that 1*52*10^(-3)*10^(-2)=0.00052.

[0079] Assume that the user chooses to use the accuracy level P2 to store the above seismic data, and assume that the global maximum value in the seismic gather is 0.897654;

[0080] Integer digit: The integer digit is the three significant digits to be retained, which should be 523.7, rounded to 524;

[0081] Global scaling factor: This is the scaling factor that converts the global maximum value to a two-digit integer, i.e., a global reduction factor that converts 0.897654 to 897.654. ​​Here, it is 10^-3, meaning all data is scaled down by 10^-3, and all restored data must be scaled up by 10^-3.

[0082] Sign bit: Since 0.00052376 is greater than zero, the sign bit is represented by 0;

[0083] Exponent: Assuming that the global maximum value in this seismic gather is 0.897654, based on exponent = log(|sample| / max_amplitude), which represents the order of magnitude difference between the current data and the assumed global maximum value, it can be seen that the exponent is -3. Based on the formula sign*integers*10^exponent*scalar global, it can be derived that 1*524*10^(-3)*10^-3=0.000524.

[0084] The seismic data storage method and reading method of the embodiment of the present application are described below using the seismic data -0.84654321 as an example.

[0085] Assume that the user chooses to use precision level P1 to store the above seismic data, and assume that the global maximum value in the seismic gather is 12345.6;

[0086] Integer digit: The integer digit is the two significant digits to be retained, which should be 84.6, rounded to 85;

[0087] Global scaling factor: This is the scaling factor that converts the global maximum value to a two-digit integer, i.e., the global reduction factor from 12345.6 to 12.3456. Here, it is 10^3, meaning all data is scaled down by 10^3 and scaled up by 10^3 when restoring data.

[0088] Sign bit: Since -0.84654321 is less than zero, the sign bit is represented by 1;

[0089] Exponent: Assuming that the global maximum value in this seismic gather is 12345.6, based on exponent = log(|sample| / max_amplitude), representing the order of magnitude difference between the current data and the assumed global maximum value, it can be seen that the exponent is -5. Based on the formula sign*integers*10^exponent*scalar global, it can be deduced that -85*10^(-5)*10^3=-0.85.

[0090] Assume that the user chooses to use the accuracy level P2 to store the above seismic data, and assume that the global maximum value in the seismic gather is 12345.6;

[0091] Integer digit: The integer digit is the three significant digits to be retained, which should be 846.5, rounded to 847;

[0092] Global scaling factor: This is the scaling factor that scales the global maximum value to a two-digit integer, i.e., a global reduction factor that scales 12345.6 to 123.456. Here, it is 10^2, meaning all data is scaled down by 10^2 and scaled up by 10^2 when restoring data.

[0093] Sign bit: Since -0.84654321 is less than zero, the sign bit is represented by 1;

[0094] Exponent: Assuming that the global maximum value in this seismic gather is 12345.6, based on exponent = log(|sample| / max_amplitude), representing the order of magnitude difference between the current data and the assumed global maximum value, it can be seen that the exponent is -5. Based on the formula sign*integers*10^exponent*scalar global, it can be deduced that -847*10^(-5)*10^2=-0.847.

[0095] The above examples are merely illustrative of the seismic data storage and reading methods of this embodiment and do not limit the seismic data storage and reading methods of this embodiment. Based on the above examples, it can be seen that controlling the accuracy of seismic data according to user needs significantly saves storage space while meeting user needs, and different accuracy modes can meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0096] The seismic data storage method and reading method according to the present embodiment can not only accurately control the accuracy of each stored sampling point to meet the needs of different application scenarios, but also significantly reduce the space consumption of data storage by adjusting the accuracy and reducing the bit occupancy. It can also be compatible with existing seismic data formats (such as SEGY) and support flexible conversion with existing seismic data formats.

[0097] Figure 6 FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a seismic data storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the seismic data storage device 300 includes:

[0098] The precision selection mode 310 is used to determine the precision mode for storing seismic data according to user requirements.

[0099] The metadata acquisition module 320 is used to determine metadata for describing seismic data according to the precision mode; wherein the metadata includes: a global scale factor, a precision level factor, a sampling point number factor, and a data format factor.

[0100] The storage format processing module 330 is used to determine the storage format of the seismic data according to the precision mode; wherein the number of bits occupied by the mantissa of the storage format corresponding to each precision mode is different.

[0101] The data writing module 340 is used to write metadata into the header of the seismic data file, and write the seismic data into the seismic gather of the seismic data file according to the storage format.

[0102] In an optional embodiment, the global scaling factor represents a scaling factor for scaling the maximum amplitude value of the seismic data to the mantissa of the corresponding precision level; the precision level is used to describe the data accuracy of the seismic data; the sampling point number factor is used to describe the number of sampling points for each channel of seismic data; and the data format factor is used to describe the floating-point recording format of the seismic data.

[0103] In an optional embodiment, the storage format processing module 330 is further adapted to determine the bit positions occupied by the sign bit, the exponent bit, and the mantissa bit of the seismic data according to the precision mode.

[0104] In an optional implementation, the sign bit occupies 1 bit, the exponent bit occupies 3 bits, and the number of bits occupied by the mantissa bit is determined based on the precision mode.

[0105] In an optional implementation, the seismic data file is a SEGY file, wherein preset bytes for recording metadata are added to the header of the SEGY file.

[0106] Figure 7 FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a seismic data reading device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 The seismic data reading device 400 shown is implemented based on the above-mentioned seismic data storage device 300; the seismic data reading device 400 includes:

[0107] The data reading module 410 is used to read metadata from the header of the seismic data file and to read seismic data from the seismic gathers in the seismic data file.

[0108] The data processing module 420 is used to process the seismic data according to the metadata to obtain processed seismic data.

[0109] In an optional embodiment, data processing is performed according to the following formula:

[0110] sign*integers*10^exponent*scalar_global

[0111] Among them, sign is the data recorded by the sign bit, integers is the data recorded by the mantissa bit, exponent is the data recorded by the exponent bit, and scalar_global is the global scale factor.

[0112] The seismic data storage device and reading device according to this embodiment can not only accurately control the accuracy of each stored sampling point to meet the needs of different application scenarios, but also significantly reduce the space consumption of data storage by adjusting the accuracy and reducing the bit occupancy. It can also be compatible with existing seismic data formats (such as SEGY) and support flexible conversion with existing seismic data formats.

[0113] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a computing device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The specific embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific implementation of the computing device.

[0114] like Figure 8 As shown, the computing device may include: a processor 802 , a communications interface 804 , a memory 806 , and a communication bus 808 .

[0115] Processor 802, communication interface 804, and memory 806 communicate with each other via a communication bus 808. Communication interface 804 is used to communicate with other devices, such as client devices or other server network elements. Processor 802 is used to execute program 810, which may specifically perform the relevant steps of the aforementioned embodiments of the seismic data storage method or seismic data reading method.

[0116] Specifically, the program 810 may include program codes, which include computer operation instructions.

[0117] Processor 802 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention. The one or more processors included in a computing device may be processors of the same type, such as one or more CPUs, or processors of different types, such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.

[0118] The memory 806 is used to store the program 810. The memory 806 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.

[0119] The program 810 can be specifically used to enable the processor 802 to execute the relevant steps in the embodiments of the above-mentioned seismic data storage method or seismic data reading method.

[0120] In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are described. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0121] Similarly, it should be understood that in order to streamline the present invention and aid in understanding one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the embodiments of the invention are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the claims below, inventive aspects lie in less than all the features of the individual embodiments disclosed above. Accordingly, the claims that follow the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of the invention.

[0122] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the devices in the embodiments may be adaptively changed and arranged in one or more devices different from the embodiments. The modules or units or components in the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and in addition may be divided into multiple submodules or subunits or subcomponents. All features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device disclosed herein may be combined in any combination, except that at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature providing the same, equivalent or similar purpose.

[0123] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the present invention and to form different embodiments. For example, in the claims below, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.

[0124] It should be noted that the above embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that alternative embodiments may be devised by a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between brackets should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The present invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different elements and by means of appropriately programmed computers. In a unit claim enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third etc. does not indicate any order. These words may be interpreted as names. The steps in the above embodiments should not be understood as limiting the order of execution unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. A method for storing seismic data, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the accuracy mode for storing seismic data based on user requirements; Determining metadata for describing the seismic data according to the precision mode; wherein the metadata includes: a global scale factor, a precision level factor, a sampling point number factor, and a data format factor; Determining a storage format of the seismic data according to the precision mode; wherein the mantissa bits of the storage format corresponding to each precision mode occupy different bits; The metadata is written into a header of a seismic data file, and the seismic data is written into a seismic gather of the seismic data file according to the storage format.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The global scale factor represents a scale factor for scaling the maximum amplitude value of seismic data to the mantissa of the corresponding accuracy level; The accuracy level factor is used to describe the data accuracy of seismic data; The sampling point factor is used to describe the number of sampling points for each seismic data; The data format factor is used to describe the floating-point recording format of the seismic data.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the storage format of the seismic data according to the accuracy mode further includes: The bit positions occupied by the sign bit, the exponent bit and the mantissa bit of the seismic data are determined according to the precision mode.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The sign bit occupies 1 bit, the exponent bit occupies 3 bits, and the number of bits occupied by the mantissa bit is determined based on the precision mode.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The seismic data file is a SEGY file, wherein preset bytes for recording the metadata are added to the header of the SEGY file.

6. A method for reading seismic data, characterized in that: The seismic data reading method is implemented based on the seismic data storage method according to any one of claims 1 to 5; the seismic data reading method comprises the following steps: Read the metadata from the header of the seismic data file, and read the seismic data from the seismic gather of the seismic data file; The seismic data is processed according to the metadata to obtain processed seismic data.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the data processing is performed according to the following formula: sign*integers*10^exponent*scalar_global in, sign is the data recorded by the sign bit, integers is the data recorded by the mantissa bit, exponent is the data recorded by the exponent bit, and scalar_global is the global scale factor.

8. A seismic data storage device, characterized in that: include: The accuracy selection module is used to determine the accuracy mode for storing seismic data according to user requirements; A metadata acquisition module is used to determine metadata for describing the seismic data according to the precision mode; wherein the metadata includes: a global scale factor, a precision level factor, a sampling point number factor, and a data format factor; A storage format processing module, configured to determine a storage format of the seismic data according to the precision mode; wherein the mantissa bits of the storage format corresponding to each precision mode occupy different bits; The data writing module is used to write the metadata into the header of the seismic data file, and write the seismic data into the seismic track gather of the seismic data file according to the storage format.

9. A seismic data reading device, characterized in that: The seismic data reading device is implemented based on the seismic data storage device according to claim 8; The seismic data reading device comprises: A data reading module, configured to read the metadata from a header of the seismic data file, and to read seismic data from a seismic gather in the seismic data file; A data processing module is used to process the seismic data according to the metadata to obtain processed seismic data.

10. A computing device comprising: A processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus; The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to perform operations corresponding to the seismic data storage method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, or to perform operations corresponding to the seismic data reading method according to claim 6.

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