Method for designing mechanical rice and vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for designing a mechanical rice and vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse. The method comprises the following steps: step A, selecting proper agricultural machinery operation equipment; step B, determining a greenhouse span suitable for mechanization of rice; step C, determining the span of the greenhouse suitable for mechanization of the tomatoes; step D, comprehensively determining the span of a machine-suitable rice and vegetable rotation greenhouse; e, according to the greenhouse transverse ventilation appropriate width and the agricultural machine operation optimization round-trip route, the span number of the greenhouse suitable for mechanical rice and vegetable rotation is determined; f, the net height and the gutter height of the greenhouse suitable for mechanization are determined, and the ridge height is determined according to the span of the greenhouse suitable for mechanization of rice and vegetable rotation and the ridge number of each span; step G, determining sizes including greenhouse structure model selection, arch spacing, column spacing and bay layout so as to determine a frame structure of the greenhouse; h, designing a heat preservation system of the greenhouse; and step I, designing a greenhouse ventilation system, and finally determining the plastic multi-span greenhouse suitable for mechanical rice and vegetable rotation. The method meets the requirement for tomato and rice cultivation space and the requirement for whole-process mechanization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a design method for a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse, belonging to the technical field of agricultural building design. Background Art

[0002] Plastic greenhouses are simple to build, have a short construction period, and are low in cost. They can effectively cultivate crops in early spring and late autumn. They are the main type of horticultural facilities in my country. After years of application and development, they have formed a variety of standardized forms.

[0003] Rice-vegetable rotation is a new model of facility agriculture development. Vegetables can be grown in winter and rice can be grown in summer in plastic greenhouses, which greatly improves land use efficiency and economic benefits. It has gradually been applied in southern my country.

[0004] Many existing plastic greenhouses are covered with two or three layers of film to enhance winter insulation. This makes ventilation difficult, resulting in high humidity and serious crop diseases. This imbalance between insulation and ventilation urgently needs to be addressed. During summer rice cultivation, existing plastic greenhouses are even less able to meet ventilation requirements, forcing the complete removal of the film, which incurs significant workload and costs.

[0005] On the other hand, many existing plastic greenhouses have small spans and low spaces, which restrict the use of tillage and harvesting machinery in the greenhouses. Mechanization cannot be achieved in both vegetable and rice planting. At the current stage where there is a shortage of labor and high labor costs in agriculture, the unsuitability of plastic greenhouses for mechanization has become a constraint on the continued development of the greenhouse vegetable industry and the large-scale promotion of the "rice-vegetable rotation" planting model, and they are in urgent need of upgrading and transformation to be mechanized. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the above technical problems, the present invention provides a design method for a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse. The method is based on mechanized agronomic measures and "rice-vegetable rotation" planting simulation to carry out mechanized design of plastic greenhouses. It not only meets the cultivation space requirements and full mechanization requirements for tomatoes and rice, but also meets the design method that takes into account both insulation and dehumidification of greenhouses in winter.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A design method for a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse comprises the following steps: Step A: Based on the wide-furrow, narrow-bed cultivation model for tomatoes and the rice harvesting and planting model, consider the matching degree of the agricultural machinery's operating width and its adaptability to the greenhouse and select appropriate agricultural machinery equipment; Step B: Determine the span of the greenhouse suitable for mechanized rice planting based on the operating width, height, number of single-span operating widths, and collision avoidance width of the rice mechanized planting agricultural machinery in Step A; Step C: Determine the span of the mechanized greenhouse for tomatoes based on the furrow width, furrow width, tomato growing row spacing, the number of tomato planting beds per span, and the width and height requirements of agricultural machinery in the wide furrow and narrow furrow cultivation model of tomatoes in Step A; Step D: Based on the span of the mechanized greenhouse determined in Steps B and C, with the goal of maximizing indoor land utilization, taking into account raw material specifications and common greenhouse spans, comprehensively determine the span of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse; Step E: Determine the number of greenhouse spans suitable for mechanized rice-vegetable rotation based on the appropriate width for greenhouse lateral ventilation and the optimized round-trip routes for agricultural machinery operations; Step F: Determine the net height and gutter height of the mechanized greenhouse based on the clear height requirements for agricultural machinery operations, the height requirements for tomato vine hanging, and the height requirements for the greenhouse insulation system. Determine the ridge height based on the span of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse and the number of ridges per span. Step G: Based on the span of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse in step D, the number of spans of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse in step E, and the net height, gutter height, and ridge height of the mechanized greenhouse in step F, and taking into account lighting, ventilation, insulation, and rain protection, as well as the requirements for greenhouse film installation, determine the dimensions including greenhouse structure selection, arch spacing, column spacing, and bay layout to determine the greenhouse frame structure; Step H: Designing the greenhouse insulation system based on the greenhouse frame structure in step G; Step I: Based on the frame structure of the greenhouse in step G and the climatic conditions of the greenhouse location, including light, temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, as well as the temperature, humidity and local wind field environment required for crop growth, design the greenhouse ventilation system and ultimately determine the plastic multi-span greenhouse suitable for mechanized rice-vegetable rotation.

[0008] In the method for designing a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse, preferably, in step B, the method for determining the span of the mechanized rice greenhouse is as follows: Set the distance between the outermost side of the rice machine and the side wall and middle column of the greenhouse when the rice machine is operating To avoid agricultural machinery colliding with greenhouse pillars, As the rice field ridge for management personnel to pass, the rice agricultural machinery operation width is , set the job per span width, the total width of rice planting is , the span of the mechanized rice greenhouse for: .

[0009] In the method for designing a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse, preferably, in step C, the method for determining the span of the mechanized tomato greenhouse is as follows: The number of tomato beds in a single span is set to , the width of the bed is , cumulative width of the bed , there are furrows between the ridges, and the number of furrows is , the groove width is , cumulative groove width , leave a distance for pedestrians to pass and agricultural machinery to avoid collision on the outermost edge of the ridge , then the span of the tomato mechanized greenhouse is: .

[0010] In the method for designing a multi-span plastic greenhouse suitable for mechanized rice-vegetable rotation, preferably, in step D, the method for determining the span of the greenhouse suitable for mechanized rice-vegetable rotation is as follows: Calculate the rice planting width according to step B Calculate the tomato planting width according to step C Comprehensive analysis shows that the width of the greenhouse suitable for mechanized rice-vegetable rotation is .

[0011] The method for designing a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse is preferably as follows: in step E, the number of spans of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse is determined. The specific method is as follows: When the entrance and exit of the agricultural machinery are located at the same end of the greenhouse, in order to avoid the agricultural machinery running empty, the agricultural machinery should be moved across a single span during the rice planting process. A round trip, a single-span agricultural machine walks in the tomato planting process The total width of the greenhouse should not be greater than .

[0012] The method for designing a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation multi-span plastic greenhouse is preferably as follows: in step F, the net height and gutter height of the mechanized greenhouse are determined, and the ridge height is determined according to the span of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse and the number of ridges per span. Set the clear height of agricultural machinery operation to , tomato vine height is The reserved height from the tomato vine to the bottom of the inner insulation curtain is , the height of the greenhouse truss beam is , the height of the short column under the gutter is , then the height under the inner insulation curtain of the mechanized greenhouse is determined to be the net height inside the greenhouse for: ; Determine the gutter height for: ; Determine the ridge height for: ,in, The rise of the arched roof.

[0013] In the method for designing a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse, preferably, in step H, the specific method for designing the greenhouse insulation system according to step G is as follows: A horizontal insulation curtain is set flush with the upper chord of the greenhouse truss beam, and the retraction and expansion of the horizontal insulation curtain are adjusted according to seasonal temperature changes; a set of four-sided roll-up insulation curtains are added on the inner side of the greenhouse, and the four-sided roll-up insulation curtains are rolled up and lowered according to needs.

[0014] The method for designing a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse is preferably as follows: in step I, the specific method for designing the greenhouse ventilation system is as follows: a top roll film vent is provided on the top of the greenhouse, and a surrounding roll film vent is provided around the greenhouse. A ventilator is provided on the upper part of the greenhouse end wall, which can be opened for a short time in severe cold weather in winter to remove indoor moist air and reduce humidity.

[0015] In the design method of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse, preferably, the horizontal insulation curtain and the surrounding roll insulation curtain are both double-layer greenhouse films, and an air layer is formed between the two layers of greenhouse films.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solution: 1. The span, number of spans, net height, gutter height, and roof height of the greenhouse in the present invention meet the space requirements of machinery such as plowing, land preparation, ridge covering, tomato transplanting, rice transplanting, and harvesting in the greenhouse, and the space in the greenhouse is effectively utilized, which is conducive to the full mechanization of production in the plastic greenhouse and the promotion of the "rice-vegetable rotation" model.

[0017] 2. The height and width of the gable entrance and exit on one side of the plastic greenhouse of the present invention meet the requirements of agricultural machinery and equipment, making it convenient for machinery to enter and exit.

[0018] 3. The top and inner sides of the surrounding walls of the greenhouse of the present invention are equipped with a foldable and unfoldable insulation system, which can improve the insulation capacity when unfolded and facilitate ventilation when folded; film vents are set on the roof and surrounding areas of the greenhouse, and the surrounding vents can be rolled up to a height of 2.6m, which effectively solves the problem of removing the surrounding greenhouse film for ventilation in summer.

[0019] 4. The greenhouse ventilation system of the present invention can be coordinated with the insulation system to achieve both insulation and dehumidification in winter; a crop hanging system is set up in the greenhouse to realize the hanging cultivation of crops such as tomatoes, and the hanging system is compatible with the insulation system without interfering with each other. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the combination of rice machine widths in a design method for a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse provided by one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a wide-ditch and narrow-bed width combination for tomatoes in a greenhouse provided by this embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A planning diagram of the operation route of the tomato management machinery in the greenhouse provided by this embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a planning diagram of the mechanical operation routes for tomato ridging, film covering, and transplanting in a greenhouse provided by this embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A planning diagram of rice transplanting and harvesting machinery operation routes in a greenhouse provided by this embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the height and cross-sectional structure of each part of the greenhouse provided in this embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the ventilation, heat preservation and hanging system in the greenhouse provided by this embodiment of the present invention; The reference numerals in the figures are as follows: 1- Reserved ridge; 2- Rice working width; 3- Upright column; 4- Bed; 5- Furrow; 6- Tomato cultivation bed layout area; 7- Agricultural machinery import; 8- Agricultural machinery export; 9- Rice planting area; 10- Truss beam; 11- Gutter; 12- Arch rod; 13- Top film roll vent; 14- Surrounding film roll vent; 15- Horizontal insulation curtain; 16- Surrounding film roll insulation curtain; 17- Tomato hanging rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by ordinary persons in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by persons of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and similar terms used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0023] For ease of description, spatially relative terms may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figures, such as "inside," "outside," "inner side," "outer side," "lower," "upper," etc. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures.

[0024] Many existing plastic greenhouses have small spans and low spaces, which restrict the use of tillage and harvesting machinery inside the greenhouses. Mechanization cannot be achieved in both vegetable and rice planting. At the current stage where there is a shortage of labor and high labor costs in agriculture, the unsuitability of plastic greenhouses for mechanization has become a constraint on the continued development of the greenhouse vegetable industry and the large-scale promotion of the "rice-vegetable rotation" planting model, and they are in urgent need of upgrading and transformation to be suitable for mechanization.

[0025] Based on the above technical problems, the present invention provides a design method for a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse. The method carries out mechanized design of the plastic greenhouse based on mechanized agronomic measures and "rice-vegetable rotation" planting simulation, which not only meets the cultivation space requirements and full mechanization requirements of tomatoes and rice, but also meets the design method of taking into account both greenhouse insulation and dehumidification in winter.

[0026] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the design method of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse involved in the present invention includes the following steps: Step A: Based on the wide-ditch and narrow-bed cultivation mode of tomatoes, the hanging vine management mode, and the requirements of the rice machine transplanting and harvesting mode, consider the matching degree of the agricultural machinery operation width and its adaptability to the greenhouse, and select appropriate agricultural machinery equipment.

[0027] When selecting agricultural machinery in step A, we should take into account the needs of wide furrow and narrow bed, hanging vine planting and rice transplanting, and consider the matching degree of various agricultural machinery working widths and their adaptability to greenhouses. Small agricultural machinery such as plant management, plant protection, picking and transportation can pass through the ditch; the width of the ridge , meeting the row spacing requirements for tomato planting; the operating width of agricultural machinery such as tillage, ridging, mulching, and transplanting is adapted to the size of wide furrows and narrow ridges; the operating width of rice transplanters is , the width of agricultural machinery operation such as rice tillage and harvester is adapt.

[0028] Step B: Analyze the operating width and height requirements of various agricultural machinery for mechanized rice planting. Based on the operating width, height, number of single-span operating spans, and collision avoidance width of the agricultural machinery for mechanized rice planting in Step A, determine the optimal span of the mechanized rice greenhouse. Step C: Determine the span of the mechanized greenhouse for tomatoes based on the furrow width, furrow width, tomato growing row spacing, the number of tomato planting beds per span, and the width and height requirements of agricultural machinery in the wide furrow and narrow furrow cultivation model of tomatoes in Step A; Step D: Based on the span of the mechanized greenhouse determined in Steps B and C, with the goal of maximizing indoor land utilization, taking into account raw material specifications and common greenhouse spans, comprehensively determine the span of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse; Step E: Determine the number of greenhouse spans suitable for mechanized rice-vegetable rotation based on the appropriate width for greenhouse lateral ventilation and the optimized round-trip routes for agricultural machinery operations; Step F: Determine the net height and gutter height of the mechanized greenhouse based on the clear height requirements for agricultural machinery operations, the height requirements for tomato vine hanging, and the height requirements for the greenhouse insulation system. Determine the ridge height based on the span of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse and the number of ridges per span. Step G: Based on the span of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse in step D, the number of spans of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse in step E, and the net height, gutter height, and ridge height of the mechanized greenhouse in step F, and taking into account lighting, ventilation, insulation, and rain protection, as well as the requirements for greenhouse film installation, determine the dimensions including greenhouse structure selection, arch spacing, column spacing, and bay layout to determine the greenhouse frame structure; Step H: Designing the greenhouse insulation system based on the greenhouse frame structure in step G; Step I: Based on the frame structure of the greenhouse in step G and the climatic conditions of the greenhouse location, including light, temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, as well as the temperature, humidity and local wind field environment required for crop growth, design the greenhouse ventilation system and ultimately determine the plastic multi-span greenhouse suitable for mechanized rice-vegetable rotation.

[0029] Furthermore, in step B, the method for determining the span of the mechanized rice greenhouse is as follows: Set the distance between the outermost side of the rice machine and the side wall and middle column of the greenhouse when the rice machine is operating To avoid agricultural machinery colliding with greenhouse columns, As the rice field ridge for management personnel to pass, the rice agricultural machinery operation width is , set the job per span width, the total width of rice planting is , the span of the mechanized rice greenhouse for: .

[0030] Furthermore, in step C, the method for determining the span of the tomato mechanized greenhouse is as follows: The number of tomato beds in a single span is set to , the width of the bed is , cumulative width of the bed , there are furrows between the ridges, and the number of furrows is , the groove width is , cumulative groove width , leave a distance for pedestrians to pass and agricultural machinery to avoid collision on the outermost edge of the ridge , then the span of the tomato mechanized greenhouse is: .

[0031] Furthermore, in step D, the method for determining the span of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse is as follows: Calculate the rice planting width according to step B Calculate the tomato planting width according to step C Comprehensive analysis shows that the width of the greenhouse suitable for mechanized rice-vegetable rotation is , determined by considering raw material supply and greenhouse construction experience .

[0032] Furthermore, in step E, the number of spans of greenhouses suitable for mechanized rice-vegetable rotation is determined. The specific method is as follows: When the entrance and exit of the agricultural machinery are located at the same end of the greenhouse, in order to avoid the agricultural machinery running empty, the agricultural machinery should be moved across a single span during the rice planting process. A round trip, a single-span agricultural machine walks in the tomato planting process The total width of the greenhouse should not be greater than , determined to be 2 spans, total width .

[0033] Furthermore, in step F, the net height and gutter height of the mechanized greenhouse are determined, and the ridge height is determined according to the span of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse and the number of ridges per span. The specific method is as follows: Set the clear height of agricultural machinery operation to , tomato vine height is The reserved height from the tomato vine to the bottom of the inner insulation curtain is , the height of the greenhouse truss beam (10) is , the height of the short column under the gutter is , then the height under the inner insulation curtain of the mechanized greenhouse is determined to be the net height inside the greenhouse for: ; Determine the gutter height for: ; Determine the ridge height for: ,in, The rise of the arched roof.

[0034] In step G, in order to achieve standardization and assembly of greenhouses, the arch spacing is unified to 1m, the column spacing is 4m, and the greenhouse span is 4m.

[0035] Furthermore, in step H, the specific method for designing the greenhouse insulation system according to step G is as follows: A horizontal insulation curtain 15 is installed flush with the upper chord of the greenhouse truss beam 10. Its expansion and contraction are adjusted according to seasonal temperature fluctuations. A set of roll-up insulation curtains 16 are installed on each inner side of the greenhouse, which can be rolled up and down as needed. These roll-up insulation curtains 16, combined with the top horizontal insulation curtain 15, create a sealed space within the greenhouse, providing excellent insulation performance. Furthermore, the horizontal insulation curtains 15 can be retracted or rolled up to meet ventilation needs.

[0036] Furthermore, in step I, the greenhouse ventilation system is designed in the following specific method: a top roll film vent (13) is provided on the top of the greenhouse, a surrounding roll film vent (14) is provided around the greenhouse, and a ventilator is provided on the upper part of the greenhouse end wall, which can be opened for a short time in severe cold weather in winter to remove indoor moist air and reduce humidity.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a ridge 1 is reserved to protect the greenhouse frame columns 3, the rice operation width is 2, and the mechanical operation width for rice transplanting and harvesting is , set 5 working widths per span, and leave wide ridges on both sides , then the span of the greenhouse is: , .

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the wide furrow and narrow bed are formed by the bed 4 and the furrow 5. The bed width in the tomato cultivation mode is , groove width , 6 beds are set up in each span, that is , width of the side ditches on both sides , then the span of the greenhouse is: , The machinery for tomato ridging, film covering, transplanting and field management are all adapted to it and meet the width requirements.

[0040] Taking into account the mechanical operation width requirements and span modulus requirements for tomato cultivation and rice cultivation, the span is determined to be .

[0041] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, 6 is the bed layout area for tomato cultivation, 7 is the agricultural machinery import, 8 is the agricultural machinery export, and 9 is the rice planting area. After the operation path planning of the method of the present invention, the operation routes of tomato ridging, film covering, transplanting machinery, tomato field management machinery, rice transplanting, and harvesting machinery can all enter and exit from the same end of the greenhouse, without empty travel in the greenhouse, thereby improving the efficiency of mechanical operation.

[0042] like Figure 6 As shown, the main structure of the plastic greenhouse is composed of columns 3, truss beams 10, and gutters 11. The columns 3 are upright, and the lower edge of the truss beam 1 is 2.85 meters high, which is the clearance height of the present invention. This meets the requirement that all agricultural machinery must operate at a minimum height of 1.8 meters and that tomatoes must be hung at a minimum height of 2.0 meters. Furthermore, the lower edge of the gutter 11 is 3.5 meters high, which facilitates ventilation of the plastic greenhouse. The arched roof is 4.95 meters high, which improves the overall structural strength.

[0043] like Figure 7 As shown, the ventilation system consists of 6 top roll film vents 13 and 4 surrounding roll film vents 14, which can meet the ventilation needs under various climate conditions. Figure 7 As shown, the insulation system consists of a horizontal insulation curtain 15 and four sets of perimeter roll insulation curtains 16. An additional layer of film is added to the outer film, creating an air layer between the two layers for insulation. The insulation system is coupled with the ventilation system, allowing for various opening levels to meet insulation and ventilation requirements under various conditions, achieving both insulation and ventilation and dehumidification.

[0044] like Figure 7 As shown, the insulation system is installed on the upper chord of the truss beam 10 and can be expanded and retracted along the bay direction; the tomato hanging system is installed on the lower chord of the truss beam 10, and the hanging rod is arranged along the entire length of the bay direction. The two systems do not interfere with each other.

[0045] The span, number of spans, net height, gutter height and roof height of the greenhouse in the present invention meet the space requirements of machinery such as ploughing, land preparation, ridge covering, tomato transplanting, rice transplanting and harvesting in the greenhouse, and the space in the greenhouse is effectively utilized, which is conducive to the full mechanization of production in the plastic greenhouse and the promotion of the "rice-vegetable rotation" model.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse, characterized in that: The steps include: Step A: Based on the wide-furrow, narrow-bed cultivation model for tomatoes and the rice harvesting and planting model, consider the matching degree of the agricultural machinery's operating width and its adaptability to the greenhouse and select appropriate agricultural machinery equipment; Step B: Determine the span of the greenhouse suitable for mechanized rice planting based on the operating width, height, number of single-span operating widths, and collision avoidance width of the rice mechanized planting agricultural machinery in Step A; Step C: Determine the span of the mechanized greenhouse for tomatoes based on the furrow width, furrow width, tomato growing row spacing, the number of tomato planting beds per span, and the width and height requirements of agricultural machinery in the wide furrow and narrow furrow cultivation model of tomatoes in Step A; Step D: Based on the span of the mechanized greenhouse determined in Steps B and C, with the goal of maximizing indoor land utilization, taking into account raw material specifications and common greenhouse spans, comprehensively determine the span of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse; Step E: Determine the number of greenhouse spans suitable for mechanized rice-vegetable rotation based on the appropriate width for greenhouse lateral ventilation and the optimized round-trip routes for agricultural machinery operations; Step F: Determine the net height and gutter height of the mechanized greenhouse based on the clear height requirements for agricultural machinery operations, the height requirements for tomato vine hanging, and the height requirements for the greenhouse insulation system. Determine the ridge height based on the span of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse and the number of ridges per span. Step G: Based on the span of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse in step D, the number of spans of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse in step E, and the net height, gutter height, and ridge height of the mechanized greenhouse in step F, and taking into account lighting, ventilation, insulation, and rain protection, as well as the requirements for greenhouse film installation, determine the dimensions including greenhouse structure selection, arch spacing, column spacing, and bay layout to determine the greenhouse frame structure; Step H: Designing the greenhouse insulation system based on the greenhouse frame structure in step G; Step I: Based on the frame structure of the greenhouse in step G and the climatic conditions of the greenhouse location, including light, temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, as well as the temperature, humidity and local wind field environment required for crop growth, design the greenhouse ventilation system and ultimately determine the plastic multi-span greenhouse suitable for mechanized rice-vegetable rotation.

2. The design method of a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step B, the method for determining the span of the mechanized rice greenhouse is as follows: Set the distance between the outermost side of the rice machine and the side wall and middle column of the greenhouse when the rice machine is operating To avoid agricultural machinery colliding with greenhouse columns, As the rice field ridge for management personnel to pass, the rice agricultural machinery operation width is , set the job per span width, the total width of rice planting is , the span of the mechanized rice greenhouse for: .

3. The design method of a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step C, the method for determining the span of the tomato mechanized greenhouse is as follows: The number of tomato beds in a single span is set to , the width of the bed is , cumulative width of the bed , there are furrows between the ridges, and the number of furrows is , the groove width is , cumulative groove width , leave a distance for pedestrians to pass and agricultural machinery to avoid collision on the outermost edge of the ridge , then the span of the tomato mechanized greenhouse is: .

4. The design method of a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step D, the method for determining the span of the greenhouse suitable for mechanized rice-vegetable rotation is as follows: Calculate the rice planting width according to step B Calculate the tomato planting width according to step C Comprehensive analysis shows that the width of the greenhouse suitable for mechanized rice-vegetable rotation is .

5. The design method of a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step E, determine the number of spans of greenhouses suitable for mechanized rice-vegetable rotation The specific method is as follows: When the entrance and exit of the agricultural machinery are located at the same end of the greenhouse, in order to avoid the agricultural machinery running empty, the agricultural machinery should be moved across a single span during the rice planting process. A round trip, a single-span agricultural machine walks in the tomato planting process The total width of the greenhouse should not be greater than .

6. The design method of a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step F, determine the net height and gutter height of the mechanized greenhouse. Determine the ridge height based on the span of the mechanized rice-vegetable rotation greenhouse and the number of ridges per span. The specific method is as follows: Set the clear height of agricultural machinery operation to , tomato vine height is The reserved height from the tomato vine to the bottom of the inner insulation curtain is , the height of the greenhouse truss beam (10) is , the height of the short column under the gutter is , then the height under the inner insulation curtain of the mechanized greenhouse is determined to be the net height inside the greenhouse for: ; Determine the gutter height for: ; Determine the ridge height for: ,in, The rise of the arched roof.

7. The design method of a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step H, the specific method for designing the greenhouse insulation system according to step G is as follows: A horizontally arranged horizontal insulation curtain (15) is provided at a position flush with the upper chord of the greenhouse truss beam (10), and the folding and unfolding of the horizontal insulation curtain (15) is adjusted according to seasonal temperature changes; a set of four-sided roll film insulation curtains (16) are provided on the inner sides of the four sides of the greenhouse, and the four-sided roll film insulation curtains (16) are rolled up and lowered according to needs.

8. The design method of a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step I, the greenhouse ventilation system is designed as follows: a top film vent (13) is provided on the top of the greenhouse, and surrounding film vents (14) are provided around the greenhouse. A ventilator is provided on the upper part of the greenhouse end wall, which can be opened for a short time in severe cold weather in winter to remove indoor moist air and reduce humidity.

9. The design method of a mechanized rice-vegetable rotation plastic multi-span greenhouse according to claim 7, characterized in that: The horizontal heat-insulating curtain (15) and the surrounding roll heat-insulating curtain (16) are both double-layer films, and an air layer is formed between the two layers of films.

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