Project material management system and method based on block chain technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a project material management system and method based on a block chain technology, and relates to the technical field of block chains, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a three-layer mixed chain architecture which comprises a main chain, a sub-chain and an edge chain; establishing a multi-dimensional evaluation index, calculating an aging state index of a production stage, and generating a production stage hash value by using the aging state index of the production stage and evaluation index data; updating the aging state index of the transportation stage, and generating a transportation stage hash value from the transportation environment data and the aging state index of the transportation stage through each key node; updating the aging state index of the storage stage, dynamically adjusting a consensus mechanism according to the variation amplitude of the aging state index of the adjacent stage, generating a life cycle Hash value, writing the life cycle Hash value into the RFID tag, verifying the life cycle Hash value of the RFID tag and the main chain during delivery, and if the life cycle Hash value is not matched with the life cycle Hash value, triggering an alarm and freezing material circulation. And the whole-course traceability of project materials from production to storage links is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of blockchain technology, and in particular to a project material management system and method based on blockchain technology. Background Art

[0002] In current engineering project material management, effective tracking and authentication are key links to ensure material quality and the smooth progress of projects. Traditional material management methods rely on manual records and paper documents. This method is not only inefficient but also prone to errors, making it difficult to achieve full traceability of materials. To address these issues, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is widely used in project material management. By assigning a unique RFID tag to each piece of material, real-time tracking and authentication of materials can be achieved.

[0003] In the Chinese invention application with application publication number CN106709703A, a decoration project construction process management method and system based on Internet of Things technology is disclosed, which standardizes the decoration product data, establishes a connection with the DPM management system, and realizes on-site collection and real-time monitoring based on Internet of Things technology, including monitoring the entry and exit of construction materials and usage, tracking construction progress, monitoring and analysis of construction quality, monitoring and analysis of the completion of construction tasks by on-site workers, and tracking dynamic construction costs of projects. By adopting Internet of Things technology, using two-dimensional bar code technology, RFID technology, laser scanners, wireless sensors, and ZigBee protocol, information on people, materials, and machines on the construction site is aggregated to a routing device and transmitted to a central information system using the Internet, thereby realizing real-time transmission and sharing of information such as decoration project cost, progress, quality, and safety, and solving the problems of timeliness and accuracy in information collection in the DPM system.

[0004] However, although RFID technology provides an effective means of tracking and authenticating items, the easy replaceability of its tags has become a security risk. Malicious personnel may tamper with material information by replacing RFID tags, thereby posing a threat to project quality and safety. In addition, when implementing consensus mechanisms, existing technologies often fail to fully consider the current actual status of materials (such as integrity, usage level, etc.). This neglect may lead to unnecessary consumption and waste of resources because the actual condition of materials cannot be accurately assessed, and thus reasonable scheduling and usage decisions cannot be made. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical problems solved In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a project material management system and method based on blockchain technology. By constructing a three-layer hybrid chain architecture, including a main chain, a sub-chain and an edge chain, the system achieves full traceability of project materials from production to warehousing. At the same time, combined with Internet of Things sensors and edge computing technology, it collects and processes field data in real time to provide accurate and reliable data support for material evaluation and management. In addition, the present invention further improves the efficiency and security of project material management by dynamically adjusting the consensus mechanism and improving data security.

[0006] (2) Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a project material management method based on blockchain technology, comprising: Build a three-layer hybrid chain architecture, including main chain, sub-chain and edge chain; For materials in the production process, a multi-dimensional evaluation index is established to calculate the aging status index of the production stage. After cross-validation with independent data sources and consensus reached using the Byzantine Fault Tolerant consensus mechanism, the aging status index and evaluation index data of the production stage are converted into a production stage hash value and written into the RFID tag; During the material transportation process, the transportation environment data is collected in real time, and the aging status index of the transportation stage is updated. At each key node, the transportation environment data and the aging status index of the transportation stage are combined to generate a transportation stage hash value and written into the RFID tag; During the material warehousing process, storage environment data is collected in real time, and the aging status index of the storage stage is updated. According to the change range of the aging status index of the adjacent stages, the consensus mechanism is dynamically adjusted to generate a life cycle hash value and write it into the RFID tag. When the RFID tag is shipped out, the life cycle hash value of the main chain is verified. If there is a match, an alarm is triggered and the material flow is frozen.

[0007] Furthermore, the main chain is used to store basic data of materials, including material ID, project ID, and material properties; The sub-chain is used to process data from production, logistics, and warehousing; Edge chains are used to collect on-site data in real time, and corresponding sub-chains are built for production, logistics, and warehousing. The main chain, sub-chain and edge chain are associated through material ID and project ID.

[0008] Furthermore, data corresponding to multi-dimensional evaluation indicators are collected in real time, and the indicator values ​​related to material aging are extracted. Based on the extracted indicator values, the aging status index of the production stage is calculated. The calculation formula is: IFC prod =Σ(ω i ·S i ) / Σω i, among which, IFC prod Represents the initial aging index of the material, ω i represents the weight of the i-th evaluation indicator, S i Represents the standardized value of the i-th evaluation indicator.

[0009] Furthermore, cross-validation with independent data sources should include at least laboratory sampling test reports and historical data of the same batch of materials; The Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus mechanism requires at least three nodes from the production, quality inspection, and supervision parties to reach a consensus on the aging status index of the production stage; the hash value of the production stage is associated with the main chain material ID and the edge chain real-time sensor data packet, and written into the read-only area of ​​the RFID tag.

[0010] Furthermore, based on the collected transportation environment data, the aging status index of the transportation stage is updated, and the calculation formula is: Among them, IFC transport represents the aging index of the transportation stage, δ represents the vibration sensitivity coefficient, t1 and t2 represent the start and end time of the transportation period respectively, a(t) represents the instantaneous vibration acceleration at time t, and a max Indicates the upper limit of vibration acceleration.

[0011] Furthermore, based on the collected storage environment data, the aging status index of the storage stage is updated, and the calculation formula is: Among them, IFC store represents the aging index during storage, η represents the humidity sensitivity factor, Q 10 Represents the temperature acceleration factor, T0 is the reference temperature, T d represents the average temperature on day d, RH d is the average humidity on day d, and D represents the number of storage days.

[0012] Furthermore, the variation range of the aging state index in adjacent stages is calculated: Among them, ΔIFC represents the change range of the aging status index, IFC k represents the aging state index of the kth stage; The number of consensus nodes is dynamically adjusted based on the change in the aging status index of adjacent stages: When the change in the aging status index is less than 10%, it is in normal mode and verified by three nodes: the logistics party, the receiving party, and the supervisor. When the change in the aging status index is greater than or equal to 10%, it enters emergency mode, adds insurance companies and third-party testing agencies, expands to 5-node verification, and adopts threshold signature technology. The logistics sub-chain status is updated only when more than 2 / 3 of the nodes have the same signature.

[0013] Furthermore, if the change in the aging status index of adjacent stages exceeds 15%, the anomaly detection mechanism will be triggered. When the efficient consensus mechanism is used by default, the high-fault-tolerance consensus mechanism will be automatically switched after the anomaly detection mechanism is triggered. The switching process includes: the main chain smart contract initiates a vote, requiring the nodes of the warehousing, production and transportation sub-chains to participate; after more than 2 / 3 of the nodes agree, the main chain broadcasts the switching instruction and updates the consensus configuration of the entire network; a double verification mechanism is adopted during the switching.

[0014] Furthermore, the aging status index and storage environment data of the storage stage are used to generate a storage stage hash value, and a life cycle verification matrix is ​​constructed on the main chain. The life cycle verification matrix uses the material ID as the index, records the hash value of each stage of the material from production to storage, and generates a life cycle hash value: L hash =Hash(IFC+TFC+SFC), where L hash It represents the life cycle hash value, IFC represents the production stage hash value, TFC represents the transportation stage hash value, and SFC represents the storage stage hash value. The generated life cycle hash value is written into the read-only area of ​​the RFID tag through near field communication.

[0015] A project material management system based on blockchain technology, including: Hybrid chain building module, building a three-layer hybrid chain architecture, including main chain, sub-chain and edge chain; The production stage management module establishes multi-dimensional evaluation indicators for materials in the production process, calculates the aging status index of the production stage, cross-validates with independent data sources, and uses the Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus mechanism to reach consensus. It then generates a production stage hash value based on the aging status index and evaluation indicator data of the production stage and writes it into the RFID tag; The transportation stage management module collects transportation environment data in real time during the material transportation process and updates the aging status index of the transportation stage. At each key node, the transportation environment data and the aging status index of the transportation stage are combined to generate a transportation stage hash value and written into the RFID tag. The warehousing stage management module collects storage environment data in real time during the material warehousing process, updates the aging status index of the warehousing stage, dynamically adjusts the consensus mechanism based on the change in the aging status index of adjacent stages, generates a lifecycle hash value, and writes it into the RFID tag. When the RFID tag is shipped out, the lifecycle hash value of the main chain is verified. If there is a mismatch, an alarm is triggered and the material flow is frozen.

[0016] (3) Beneficial effects The present invention provides a project material management system and method based on blockchain technology, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) Through the data association mechanism and data synchronization mechanism, the main chain, sub-chain and edge chain are integrated to form a complete three-layer hybrid chain architecture. This architecture can fully utilize the decentralization, immutability and traceability characteristics of blockchain technology to improve the security and reliability of data, while realizing real-time sharing and efficient processing of data.

[0017] (2) By establishing multi-dimensional evaluation indicators, the initial aging state of the material can be evaluated more comprehensively and accurately. The Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus mechanism is used to cross-validate the aging state index in the production stage, effectively preventing single-point data tampering and improving the credibility and security of the data. The evaluation results are encrypted and stored to generate a production stage hash value, which is bound to the RFID tag to prevent physical tag replacement attacks and further enhance data security.

[0018] (3) Ensure material safety by real-time monitoring of the transportation environment, dynamically update the aging status index, accurately assess material conditions, generate tamper-proof transportation event streams and hash values, enhance data credibility and traceability, and improve the security and anti-counterfeiting of physical tags by writing RFID via NFC.

[0019] (4) The number of consensus nodes and the consensus mechanism are dynamically adjusted according to the change range of the aging status index in adjacent stages. This can maintain efficient operation when the material status is stable, and enhance the fault tolerance and security of the system when the status changes significantly. By constructing a life cycle verification matrix and generating a life cycle hash value, comprehensive traceability and verification of materials from production to warehousing are achieved. When the RFID and the life cycle hash values ​​on the main chain are verified at the time of delivery, the legality and compliance of the materials can be ensured, and material flow problems caused by safety hazards such as label replacement can be prevented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of the project material management method based on blockchain technology of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-layer hybrid chain structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the project material management system based on blockchain technology in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 , the present invention provides a project material management method based on blockchain technology, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Build a three-layer hybrid chain architecture, including the main chain, sub-chain, and edge chain. The main chain is responsible for storing basic data of materials, the sub-chain is used to process data in each link, and the edge chain is used to collect field data in real time; The step 1 includes the following contents: Step 101: Select a suitable blockchain platform or framework, such as Ethereum or Hyperledger Fabric, as the basis for the main chain. Configure the main chain's network parameters, including the number of nodes, consensus mechanism (such as PoW, PoS, DPoS, or a Byzantine Fault Tolerant consensus mechanism), and block generation time. The main chain is used to store key materials and basic project data, such as material ID, project ID, and key attributes. Step 102: For the production, logistics, and warehousing links, corresponding sub-chains are constructed. The sub-chains are used to store and process detailed data of each link, such as production batches (including batch number, production time, production line information, etc.), logistics tracks (including shipping place, destination, transportation method, transportation time, etc.), and storage conditions (including warehouse address, temperature and humidity, storage period, etc.). The data on the sub-chain contains key fields associated with the main chain, such as material ID and project ID, to facilitate data association and synchronization; Step 103: Deploy edge computing devices on-site to collect and process real-time on-site data, such as material temperature and humidity, vibration, and usage status. Use the edge computing devices to build an edge chain to store and verify the on-site data in the form of a blockchain. The data on the edge chain also contains key fields associated with the main chain and sub-chain, such as material ID and project ID. Step 104: Establish a data association mechanism and a data synchronization mechanism between the main chain, sub-chain, and edge chain. The data association mechanism associates the data of each layer through key fields such as project ID and material ID to achieve cross-layer data query and traceability. The data synchronization mechanism is responsible for synchronizing the shared data of each layer to ensure the real-time and consistency of the data. The specific synchronized data includes: key field data: such as material ID, project ID, etc., which are used to ensure data association and consistency between chains at each layer; status update data: such as material inventory status, project progress status, etc. These data reflect the current status of materials and projects and are crucial for business decision-making; transaction record data: involving cross-layer transactions, such as material outbound, inbound, and usage. Transaction records need to be synchronized on each layer of the chain to ensure transaction integrity and traceability; When using, combine the contents of steps 101 to 104: Through data association mechanism and data synchronization mechanism, the main chain, sub-chain and edge chain are integrated to form a complete three-layer hybrid chain architecture. This architecture can fully utilize the decentralization, immutability and traceability characteristics of blockchain technology to improve data security and reliability, while realizing real-time data sharing and efficient processing.

[0023] Step 2: For materials in the production process, establish multi-dimensional evaluation indicators and calculate the aging status index of the production stage. After cross-validation through independent data sources and consensus reached using the Byzantine Fault Tolerant consensus mechanism, encrypt and store the aging status index and evaluation indicator data of the production stage to generate a production stage hash value, which is then bound to the RFID tag. The second step includes the following contents: Step 201: For materials used in the production process, establish multi-dimensional evaluation indicators based on the material type (metal / plastic / electronic components, etc.), including but not limited to: physical indicators such as hardness, thickness, surface roughness, crack density, etc.; chemical indicators such as component oxidation rate, pH value, corrosion product ratio, etc.; environmental sensitivity indicators such as light stability, thermal stability, humidity sensitivity, etc.; Step 202: Integrate IoT sensors (such as optical fiber strain sensors and electrochemical corrosion sensors) on the production line to collect data corresponding to multi-dimensional evaluation indicators in real time. Use edge computing devices to perform noise reduction on the raw data and extract indicator values ​​related to material aging. Step 203: Calculate the aging status index of the production stage based on the index values ​​related to material aging. The calculation formula is: IFC prod =∑(ω i ·S i ) / ∑ω i , among which, IFC prod Represents the initial aging index of the material, ω i represents the weight of the i-th evaluation indicator, S i represents the value of the i-th evaluation indicator after standardization. Standardization is to eliminate the influence of different indicator dimensions so that all indicators can be compared on the same scale. The specific formula for standardization is: (indicator value - minimum value) / (maximum value - minimum value). The weight can be determined by expert scoring, analytic hierarchy process (AHP), entropy weight method, etc. Step 204: Cross-validate the calculated aging index results during the production phase with the following independent data sources: laboratory sampling test reports (digitally signed reports from third-party testing agencies are obtained through the sub-chain), and historical data on the same batch of materials (aging curves of materials under similar working conditions are retrieved from the main chain). A Byzantine Fault Tolerant consensus mechanism is used, requiring at least three nodes from the production side, quality inspection side, and supervision side to reach consensus on the IFC to prevent single-point data tampering. It should be noted that when cross-validating with laboratory sampling test reports, due to different calculation methods, some key indicators can be selected for cross-validation, such as physical properties (such as hardness, tensile strength), chemical properties (such as composition changes, corrosion rate) and macroscopic performance (such as appearance changes, crack generation); Step 205: Encrypt the IFC and evaluation index data and store them in the production sub-chain. Generate a production stage hash value. Through smart contracts, strongly associate the evaluation results with the following data: metadata of the main chain material ID (production batch, supplier information), edge chain real-time sensor data packet (timestamp positioning specific production process), update the RFID tag content, and write it into the inerasable evaluation result area (using write-once memory WORM) to prevent physical tag replacement attacks. When using, combine the contents of steps 201 to 205: By establishing multi-dimensional evaluation indicators, the initial aging status of the material can be evaluated more comprehensively and accurately. The Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus mechanism is used to cross-validate the aging status index in the production stage, effectively preventing single-point data tampering and improving the credibility and security of the data. The evaluation results are encrypted and stored to generate a production stage hash value, which is bound to the RFID tag to prevent physical tag replacement attacks and further enhance data security.

[0024] Step 3: During the material transportation process, the transportation environment data is collected in real time and the aging status index of the transportation stage is updated. At each key node, the transportation environment data and the aging status index of the transportation stage are combined to generate a transportation stage hash value, which is written into the read-only area of ​​the RFID via near-field communication. The step three includes the following contents: Step 301: Deploy edge sensors inside the transport vehicle (truck / container) to collect real-time environmental parameters: temperature, humidity, air pressure, light intensity (via multispectral sensors); mechanical shock: three-dimensional vibration acceleration (±15g range), tilt angle (gyroscope); positioning data: GPS coordinates, altitude, transport speed (integrated with Beidou / GNSS modules). The edge chain performs timestamp encryption and signature on the data to generate an unalterable transport event stream. Step 302: Based on the transportation environment data, update the aging status index of the transportation stage. The calculation formula is: Among them, IFC transport represents the aging index of the transportation stage, δ represents the vibration sensitivity coefficient, t1 and t2 represent the start and end time of the transportation period respectively, a(t) represents the instantaneous vibration acceleration at time t, and a maxIt represents the upper limit of vibration acceleration, that is, the maximum vibration acceleration allowed by the material. The vibration sensitivity coefficient δ is calibrated through material vibration resistance test. The material sample is placed on the vibration table, the crack growth rate under different accelerations is measured, and the δ value is fitted; Step 303: Every time a key node (such as a provincial border checkpoint) is passed, the transport environment data and the aging status index of the transport stage are encrypted and stored in the transport sub-chain, and a transport stage hash value is generated and written into the read-only area of ​​the RFID via near-field communication (NFC); When using, combine the contents of step 301 to step 303: By real-time monitoring of the transportation environment, ensuring material safety, dynamically updating the aging status index, accurately assessing material conditions, generating tamper-proof transportation event streams and hash values, enhancing data credibility and traceability, and writing RFID via NFC, the security and anti-counterfeiting of physical tags are improved.

[0025] Step 4: During the material storage process, the storage environment data is collected in real time, and the aging status index of the storage stage is updated. According to the change range of the aging status index of the adjacent stages, the consensus mechanism is dynamically adjusted to generate a life cycle hash value and write it into the RFID. When the RFID is shipped out, the life cycle hash value of the RFID and the main chain is verified. If there is a mismatch, an alarm is triggered and the material flow is frozen.

[0026] The fourth step includes the following contents: Step 401: Deploy a comprehensive IoT sensor network within the warehouse to ensure coverage of all key storage areas. This network collects real-time environmental parameters, including temperature and humidity (using high-precision temperature and humidity sensors with an accuracy of ±0.5°C), as well as physical parameters such as storage time (the accumulated storage time is automatically calculated based on the timestamp of the material entering the warehouse). Step 402: Using the collected storage environment data, update the aging status index of the storage stage. The calculation formula is: Among them, IFC store It represents the aging index during the storage period, η represents the humidity sensitivity factor, which is usually calibrated by experiments or experience, and Q 10 represents the temperature acceleration factor (usually 2 to 3), T0 is the reference temperature, T d represents the average temperature on day d, RH d is the average humidity on day d, and D represents the number of storage days; It should be noted that Q 10 It indicates the multiple by which the chemical reaction rate increases for every 10°C increase in temperature. It is a conservative estimate obtained through a large number of experiments. T0 (i.e., ambient temperature TRT) represents the temperature benchmark for actual storage or use of the material, usually set at 20-25°C. Step 403: Calculate the variation range of the aging status index between adjacent stages (such as the production stage and the transportation stage, or the transportation stage and the storage stage): Among them, ΔIFC represents the change range of the aging status index, IFC k Represents the aging status index of the kth stage; the number of consensus nodes is dynamically adjusted according to the change in the aging status index of adjacent stages: When the change in the aging status index is less than 10%, it is considered normal mode and is verified by the logistics party, the receiving party, and the supervisor. When the change in the aging status index is greater than or equal to 10%, the system enters emergency mode, adding insurance companies and third-party testing agencies, expanding verification to 5 nodes, and using threshold signature technology. The logistics sub-chain status is updated only when more than 2 / 3 of the nodes have the same signature. Step 404: If the change in the aging status index of adjacent stages exceeds 15%, the anomaly detection mechanism is triggered. When an efficient consensus mechanism (such as PoS) is used by default, it automatically switches to a high-fault-tolerant consensus mechanism (such as PBFT) after detecting an anomaly to improve the security and stability of the system. The switching process includes: the main chain smart contract initiates a vote, requiring the nodes of the warehousing, production, and transportation sub-chains to participate; after more than 2 / 3 of the nodes agree, the main chain broadcasts the switching instruction and updates the consensus configuration of the entire network; during the switching, a double verification mechanism is adopted (new and old consensuses in parallel) to ensure the continuity and integrity of the data.

[0027] Step 405: Encrypt the storage environment data and the aging status index of the storage stage and store them in the storage sub-chain, generate a storage stage hash value, and build a life cycle verification matrix on the main chain. The matrix uses the material ID as the index, records the hash value of each stage of the material from production to storage, and generates a life cycle hash value: L hash =Hash(IFC+TFC+SFC), where L hash Represents the lifecycle hash value, IFC represents the production stage hash value, TFC represents the transportation stage hash value, and SFC represents the storage stage hash value. Through near-field communication (NFC) technology, the generated lifecycle hash value is written into the read-only area of ​​the RFID chip to ensure the data is tamper-proof and traceable; Step 406: When the material leaves the warehouse, the RFID tag is scanned to verify whether the RFID tag matches the lifecycle hash value on the main chain. If a mismatch is found, the alarm mechanism is triggered and the material flow process is immediately frozen to prevent potential security risks.

[0028] When using, combine the contents of step 401 to step 404: The number of consensus nodes and consensus mechanism are dynamically adjusted according to the change range of the aging status index in adjacent stages, which can maintain efficient operation when the material status is stable, thereby enhancing the fault tolerance and security of the system when the status changes significantly. By constructing a life cycle verification matrix and generating a life cycle hash value, comprehensive traceability and verification of materials from production to warehousing are achieved. Verifying the life cycle hash value on RFID and the main chain at the time of delivery can ensure the legality and compliance of the materials and prevent material flow problems caused by safety hazards such as label replacement.

[0029] See also Figure 3 The present invention also provides a project material management system based on blockchain technology, including: a hybrid chain construction module, a production stage management module, a transportation stage management module and a warehousing stage management module; wherein, Hybrid chain building module, building a three-layer hybrid chain architecture, including main chain, sub-chain and edge chain; The production stage management module establishes multi-dimensional evaluation indicators for materials in the production process, calculates the aging status index of the production stage, cross-validates with independent data sources, and uses the Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus mechanism to reach consensus. It then generates a production stage hash value based on the aging status index and evaluation indicator data of the production stage and writes it into the RFID tag; The transportation stage management module collects transportation environment data in real time during the material transportation process and updates the aging status index of the transportation stage. At each key node, the transportation environment data and the aging status index of the transportation stage are combined to generate a transportation stage hash value and written into the RFID tag. The warehousing stage management module collects storage environment data in real time during the material warehousing process, updates the aging status index of the warehousing stage, dynamically adjusts the consensus mechanism based on the change in the aging status index of adjacent stages, generates a lifecycle hash value, and writes it into the RFID tag. When the RFID tag is shipped out, the lifecycle hash value of the main chain is verified. If there is a mismatch, an alarm is triggered and the material flow is frozen.

[0030] In the application, the several formulas involved are all calculated by taking their numerical values ​​after removing the dimensions, and the formula is a formula obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation to obtain the latest real situation. The coefficients in the formula are set by technical personnel in this field according to actual conditions.

[0031] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented using a combination of electronic hardware, computer software, and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0032] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment as needed.

[0033] The above is only a specific implementation method of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in this application, which should be covered by the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A project material management method based on blockchain technology, characterized by: include: Build a three-layer hybrid chain architecture, including main chain, sub-chain and edge chain; Establish multi-dimensional evaluation indicators for materials in the production process, calculate the aging status index of the production stage, cross-validate with independent data sources, and use the Byzantine Fault Tolerant consensus mechanism to reach consensus. Then, generate the production stage hash value of the aging status index and evaluation indicator data of the production stage and write it into the RFID tag; During the material transportation process, the transportation environment data is collected in real time, and the aging status index of the transportation stage is updated. At each key node, the transportation environment data and the aging status index of the transportation stage are combined to generate a transportation stage hash value and written into the RFID tag; During the material warehousing process, storage environment data is collected in real time, and the aging status index of the storage stage is updated. According to the change range of the aging status index of the adjacent stages, the consensus mechanism is dynamically adjusted to generate a life cycle hash value and write it into the RFID tag. When the RFID tag is shipped out, the life cycle hash value of the main chain is verified. If there is a match, an alarm is triggered and the material flow is frozen.

2. A project material management method based on blockchain technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main chain is used to store basic material data, including material ID, project ID, and material properties; The sub-chain is used to process data from production, logistics, and warehousing; Edge chains are used to collect on-site data in real time, and corresponding sub-chains are built for production, logistics, and warehousing. The main chain, sub-chain and edge chain are associated through material ID and project ID.

3. A project material management method based on blockchain technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: Collect data corresponding to multi-dimensional evaluation indicators in real time, extract indicator values ​​related to material aging, and calculate the aging status index of the production stage based on the extracted indicator values. The calculation formula is: IFC prod =∑(ω i ·S i ) / ∑ω i , among which, IFC prod Represents the initial aging index of the material, ω i represents the weight of the i-th evaluation indicator, S i It represents the standardized value of the i-th evaluation indicator.

4. A project material management method based on blockchain technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: Cross-verification from independent data sources, including at least laboratory sampling test reports and historical data of the same batch of materials; The Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus mechanism requires at least three nodes from the production, quality inspection, and supervision parties to reach a consensus on the aging status index of the production stage; the hash value of the production stage is associated with the main chain material ID and the edge chain real-time sensor data packet, and written into the read-only area of ​​the RFID tag.

5. The project material management method based on blockchain technology according to claim 1 is characterized by: Based on the collected transportation environment data, the aging status index of the transportation stage is updated. The calculation formula is: Among them, IFC transport represents the aging index of the transportation stage, δ represents the vibration sensitivity coefficient, t1 and t2 represent the start and end time of the transportation period respectively, a(t) represents the instantaneous vibration acceleration at time t, and a max Indicates the upper limit of vibration acceleration.

6. A project material management method based on blockchain technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the collected storage environment data, the aging status index of the storage stage is updated. The calculation formula is: Among them, IFC store represents the aging index during storage, η represents the humidity sensitivity factor, Q 10 Represents the temperature acceleration factor, T0 is the reference temperature, T d represents the average temperature on day d, RH d is the average humidity on day d, and D represents the number of storage days.

7. A project material management method based on blockchain technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: Calculate the variation of aging status index in adjacent stages: Among them, ΔIFC represents the change range of the aging status index, IFC k represents the aging state index of the kth stage; The number of consensus nodes is dynamically adjusted based on the change in the aging status index of adjacent stages: When the change in the aging status index is less than 10%, it is in normal mode and verified by three nodes: the logistics party, the receiving party, and the supervisor. When the change in the aging status index is greater than or equal to 10%, it enters emergency mode, adds insurance companies and third-party testing agencies, expands to 5-node verification, and adopts threshold signature technology. The logistics sub-chain status is updated only when more than 2 / 3 of the nodes have the same signature.

8. A project material management method based on blockchain technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: If the aging status index of adjacent stages changes by more than 15%, the anomaly detection mechanism will be triggered. When the efficient consensus mechanism is used by default, the high-fault-tolerance consensus mechanism will be automatically switched after the anomaly detection mechanism is triggered. The switching process includes: the main chain smart contract initiates a vote, requiring the nodes of the warehousing, production and transportation sub-chains to participate; after more than 2 / 3 of the nodes agree, the main chain broadcasts the switching instruction and updates the consensus configuration of the entire network; a double verification mechanism is used during the switching.

9. A project material management method based on blockchain technology according to claim 8, characterized in that: The aging status index and storage environment data of the storage stage are used to generate the storage stage hash value, and a life cycle verification matrix is ​​constructed on the main chain. The life cycle verification matrix uses the material ID as the index, records the hash value of each stage of the material from production to storage, and generates a life cycle hash value: L hash =Hash(IFC+TFC+SFC), where L hash It represents the life cycle hash value, IFC represents the production stage hash value, TFC represents the transportation stage hash value, and SFC represents the storage stage hash value. The generated life cycle hash value is written into the read-only area of ​​the RFID tag through near field communication.

10. A project material management system based on blockchain technology, used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Hybrid chain building module, building a three-layer hybrid chain architecture, including main chain, sub-chain and edge chain; The production stage management module establishes multi-dimensional evaluation indicators for materials in the production process, calculates the aging status index of the production stage, cross-validates with independent data sources, and uses the Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus mechanism to reach consensus. It then generates a production stage hash value based on the aging status index and evaluation indicator data of the production stage and writes it into the RFID tag; The transportation stage management module collects transportation environment data in real time during the material transportation process and updates the aging status index of the transportation stage. At each key node, the transportation environment data and the aging status index of the transportation stage are combined to generate a transportation stage hash value and written into the RFID tag. The warehousing stage management module collects storage environment data in real time during the material warehousing process, updates the aging status index of the warehousing stage, dynamically adjusts the consensus mechanism based on the change in the aging status index of adjacent stages, generates a lifecycle hash value, and writes it into the RFID tag. When the RFID tag is shipped out, the lifecycle hash value of the main chain is verified. If there is a mismatch, an alarm is triggered and the material flow is frozen.

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