BIM lightweight model processing and display system

Abstract

The invention discloses a BIM lightweight model processing and display system, which comprises a model lightweight processing module, a model data storage module, a model data multi-platform display module and a model interactive operation module, and is characterized in that the model lightweight processing module comprises a model lightweight processing unit and a model simplification and reconstruction unit; the model data storage module comprises a data storage unit and a data backup and recovery unit, the model data multi-platform display module comprises a Web end display unit and a mobile end display unit, and the model interaction operation module comprises a model interaction operation unit and an information interaction unit. According to the method, through lightweight processing of multiple means of detail elimination, model compression, pre-compiling processing, view cutting and model subdivision, the data size after model processing is reduced from different processing angles, the loading speed, the processing capacity and the display efficiency of the model are improved, and the data efficiency of the model is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of BIM architectural engineering design, and in particular to a BIM lightweight model processing and display system. Background Art

[0002] BIM technology can help realize the integration of building information. From the design, construction, operation to the end of the building's entire life cycle, various information is always integrated into a 3D model information database. Design teams, construction units, facility operation departments, owners and other parties can work together based on BIM, effectively improving work efficiency, saving resources, reducing costs, and achieving sustainable development. The core of BIM is to establish a virtual 3D model of the building project and use digital technology to provide this model with a complete and actual building project information database. This database contains not only the geometric information, professional attributes and status information describing the building components, but also the status information of non-component objects.

[0003] Currently, large BIM models contain massive amounts of data, which will take up a large amount of computer memory and storage space. When processed by ordinary hardware, problems such as slow loading and rendering will occur, affecting the user's actual usage experience. In addition, massive data will also increase the computing resources required for software to process the model, resulting in a decrease in CPU and GPU utilization, affecting the user's actual work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a lightweight BIM model processing and display system, which can effectively solve the problem raised in the above background technology that the current large BIM models contain massive data, and the massive data will occupy a large amount of computer memory and storage space. When processed by ordinary hardware, problems such as slow loading and rendering will occur, affecting the actual usage experience of users. In addition, the massive data will also increase the computing resources required for software to process the model, resulting in a decrease in CPU and GPU utilization, affecting the actual work efficiency of users.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a BIM lightweight model processing and display system that reduces the size of model files and improves model loading speed and processing performance while ensuring model functionality and information integrity. The system specifically includes a model lightweight processing module, a model data storage module, a model data multi-platform display module, and a model interactive operation module.

[0006] The model lightweight processing module is responsible for processing the original BIM model data to improve the data efficiency of the model, and specifically includes a model lightweight processing unit and a model simplification and reconstruction unit;

[0007] The model lightweight processing unit includes model detail elimination processing, model compression processing, model pre-compilation processing, model view clipping and model subdivision processing;

[0008] The model simplification and reconstruction unit includes model simplification processing, necessary information supplementation and model reconstruction processing;

[0009] The model data storage module is responsible for storing and managing the processed BIM model data, specifically including a data storage unit and a data backup and recovery unit;

[0010] The model data multi-platform display module can display lightweight BIM model data in different application scenarios, has the characteristics of cross-platform and multi-format display, and is adapted to the application environment of the Web and mobile terminals. Specifically, it includes a Web terminal display unit and a mobile terminal display unit;

[0011] The model interactive operation module intuitively displays the model through interactive operations, allowing users to browse and operate the model more conveniently. It specifically includes a model interactive operation unit and an information interactive unit.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the model detail elimination process is to remove details that have little impact on the BIM model, thereby reducing the amount of data in the BIM model and reducing the size of the model by reducing unnecessary details;

[0013] In the process of removing details, some details need to be retained according to the actual needs of the construction stage, so that after the subsequent details are removed, the model volume can be reduced while the accuracy of the model is not affected;

[0014] The model compression process compresses the model data using compression processing technology and ensures that the model can restore the original data after subsequent decompression;

[0015] During the compression operation, during the transmission of model data, the model is converted from a large file format to a lightweight file format through compression processing technology, making the model file smaller and loading faster, improving the speed of model data transmission to the client, and ensuring the accuracy of the model data;

[0016] During the decompression operation, after the model data is transmitted to the client, the compressed lightweight model is quickly restored on the client without downloading the original model data, making the transmission and download process of the model data faster;

[0017] By quantifying the value of retaining each model detail, the formula is as follows:

[0018] D i =α×U i +β×C i +γ×Ri

[0019] in:

[0020] D i represents the retention value score of detail i, with a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 10;

[0021] U i : The usage probability or call frequency of the details in the current construction phase, with a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 10;

[0022] C i : The criticality of this detail to the overall structure of the model, with a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 10;

[0023] R i : Redundancy evaluation value of the detail, the minimum value is 0 and the maximum value is 10;

[0024] α, β, and γ are adjustment factors, which are set according to the project stage and accuracy requirements. The minimum value of α, β, and γ is 0 and the maximum value is 5;

[0025] When D i When <θ, details can be removed;

[0026] θ=μD-k×σD;

[0027] where μD is the value of all D i The mean value, σD is the standard deviation, k = 1;

[0028] The model compression value index can then be used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a compression operation for the overall system. The formula is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] in:

[0031] S o : Model size before compression, minimum value 1, maximum value 1000GB;

[0032] S c : The compressed model size, minimum 1MB, maximum = S o ;

[0033] T f : Transmission efficiency improvement coefficient, minimum value is 1, maximum value is 10;

[0034] ΔQ: data accuracy loss caused by compression, minimum value 0, maximum value 1;

[0035] λ: Precision tolerance constant, to avoid division by zero, set to 1 e-5 ;

[0036] Taking into account the elimination efficiency and compression benefit, the formula is as follows:

[0037]

[0038] in:

[0039] J: Joint optimization objective function value;

[0040] ω1 and ω2 represent the preference weights for the elimination and compression parts, respectively, ω1+ω2=1;

[0041] Dmax is the maximum influence weight value among all details, used for normalization.

[0042] According to the above technical solution, the model pre-compilation process is to pre-compile the components of the BIM model into executable files without any modification, so as to reduce the size of the model;

[0043] The model view clipping is to classify and clip the objects in the model into detectable views according to the corresponding stages of building construction, thereby reducing the volume of the model without affecting the accuracy of the model;

[0044] The model subdivision process is to subdivide a large complex object in the model into multiple small independent objects, so that each small independent object is separated from other objects in the model, thereby reducing the compression volume of the model.

[0045] According to the above technical solution, the model simplification process is mainly based on the application stage of the model in construction, and redundant information of each construction stage is deleted and simplified to reduce the complexity of the model;

[0046] The necessary information supplement is mainly to supplement the information that cannot be expressed in the model during design planning and construction, and to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the model data on the basis of simplifying the model;

[0047] The model reconstruction process is to simplify the model of the model with lost or damaged drawings and damaged electronic documents to ensure that the model fully reflects the construction data.

[0048] According to the above technical solution, the data storage unit is responsible for storing and managing the lightweight model data, uploading the model data to the cloud database for storage and management through cloud storage, and providing access services to the outside through a unified data access interface;

[0049] After the data storage unit stores the model data, the model data stored in the database also needs to be organized and optimized, so as to reduce the size of the model data by simplifying the model data when the model data is stored, so as to facilitate quick retrieval and viewing of the model data.

[0050] According to the above technical solution, the data backup and recovery unit regularly backs up the model data stored in the database by establishing a data backup mechanism. When the model data is lost or damaged, the data is restored in time to ensure the security of the model data storage.

[0051] According to the above technical solution, the Web-side display unit enables the model data to be displayed smoothly on the Web side. It usually requires simplifying the model, deleting unnecessary geometric details, reducing the number of faces and vertices of the model, and at the same time being able to dynamically adjust the display details of the model according to the user's perspective and distance, thereby improving the loading speed and display efficiency of the model.

[0052] According to the above technical solution, the mobile terminal display unit enables the model data to be displayed on the mobile terminal. When displaying the model on the mobile terminal, the model needs to be optimized to adapt to the performance and screen size of the mobile terminal device.

[0053] According to the above technical solution, the model interactive operation unit enables users who interact with the model to operate the model in the model display interface, including operations such as zooming in, zooming in, translating, and rotating, so that users can view the model from multiple perspectives, helping users to gain a deeper understanding of the model details.

[0054] Moreover, when the user is interacting with the model, the model can be controlled through pointer and touch input, achieving more direct interaction and improving the user's understanding of the model.

[0055] According to the above technical solution, the information interaction unit enables the user to operate and view the model in the model display platform, and realizes the interaction and sharing of model data by integrating the model display platform with other information systems.

[0056] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0057] 1. Lightweight processing of original BIM model data is achieved through detail elimination, model compression, pre-compilation processing, view cropping and model subdivision processing methods. It can remove details that have little impact on the accuracy of the BIM model, reduce the data volume of the model, eliminate redundant information in the BIM model file, and pre-compile the components of the model into executable files to reduce the volume of the model. According to the construction stage, the objects in the model are classified and cropped into detectable views to reduce the volume of the model. Large and complex objects in the model are subdivided into multiple small independent objects to reduce the compressed volume of the model. Through multi-means of lightweight processing, the amount of data after model processing is reduced from different processing angles, the loading speed, processing capacity and display efficiency of the model are improved, and the data efficiency of the model is ensured.

[0058] 2. By simplifying the model, redundant information in each construction stage can be deleted and simplified according to the application stage of the model in construction, thereby reducing the complexity of the model. In addition, information that cannot be expressed by the model in design planning and construction can be supplemented to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the model data. When drawings are lost, damaged, or electronic documents are damaged, the model can be rebuilt to ensure the comprehensiveness of the model's reflection of construction data by simplifying the modeling process. This can effectively avoid problems such as overly complex models, damage to system hardware performance, and inconvenient use of the operation and maintenance system, reduce the operation and maintenance costs of the model, and improve operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0059] 3. The data storage unit can use cloud storage to upload, store and manage model data, and provide access services to the outside world through a unified data access interface to ensure the security and reliability of model data. It can also allow users in different regions to access and collaborate on model data at the same time. By organizing and optimizing the model data stored in the database, the model data is simplified, thereby reducing the size of the model data and facilitating rapid retrieval and viewing of the model data. In addition, by regularly backing up the model data stored in the database, the data can be restored in a timely manner when the model data is lost or damaged, ensuring the security of the model data storage.

[0060] 4. Through the Web display unit and the mobile display unit, the model data can be displayed smoothly on the Web and mobile terminals. Whether on the Web display device or the mobile device, each manager of the engineering construction can conveniently view and operate the model according to their own needs, facilitate the convenient acquisition of model data information, and improve the efficiency of collaboration and communication between various managers in the engineering construction project. In conjunction with the model interactive operation unit, users can operate the model in the model display interface, and through operation, users can view the model from multiple perspectives, helping users to have a deeper understanding of the model details, and also enabling more direct interactive operations, thereby improving the user's understanding of the model.

[0061] 5. The combination of detail elimination and compression significantly improves the processing efficiency and accuracy control capabilities of building information models at different stages. By scoring the importance of each detail and evaluating the compression benefits, the model size and transmission time are effectively reduced without excessive loss of model accuracy. The precise control of detail elimination and compression processes ensures that the model achieves the best balance between loading speed, file size, and accuracy. The optimization effects of detail elimination and compression are integrated to provide a clear optimization evaluation indicator that can flexibly respond to different project stages and needs, making optimization decisions more accurate and reasonable. Project teams can dynamically adjust optimization strategies according to actual needs to ensure optimal performance and efficiency at each stage. Compression processing significantly reduces the transmission and loading time of model data, especially in the application scenarios of large-scale or highly complex models. The reduced file size after compression greatly improves the transmission efficiency of the model. It can be flexibly adjusted according to the accuracy and efficiency requirements of different stages. Whether in the design stage where high detail is required or in the construction stage where transmission speed is important, it can ensure the maximum optimization effect and reduce unnecessary data storage. This not only reduces hardware costs, but also makes the model file more concise, easier to manage and maintain, and more suitable for promotion and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0063] In the attached figure:

[0064] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the model processing and display system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0066] Example: Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution, a BIM lightweight model processing and display system, which reduces the volume of model files and improves the loading speed and processing performance of the model while ensuring the model function and information integrity. The system specifically includes a model lightweight processing module, a model data storage module, a model data multi-platform display module and a model interactive operation module;

[0067] The model lightweight processing module is responsible for processing the original BIM model data and improving the data efficiency of the model. It specifically includes the model lightweight processing unit and the model simplification and reconstruction unit.

[0068] The model lightweight processing unit includes model detail culling, model compression, model pre-compilation, model view clipping and model subdivision processing;

[0069] The model simplification and reconstruction unit includes model simplification processing, necessary information supplementation and model reconstruction processing;

[0070] The model data storage module is responsible for storing and managing the processed BIM model data, specifically including the data storage unit and the data backup and recovery unit;

[0071] The model data multi-platform display module can display lightweight BIM model data in different application scenarios. It has the characteristics of cross-platform and multi-format display, and is adapted to the application environment of the web and mobile terminals. Specifically, it includes a web display unit and a mobile display unit.

[0072] The model interaction operation module displays the model intuitively through interactive operations, allowing users to browse and operate the model more conveniently. It specifically includes a model interaction operation unit and an information interaction unit.

[0073] Based on the above technical solution, the model detail culling process is to remove details that have little impact on the BIM model. By reducing unnecessary details, the amount of BIM model data can be reduced, reducing the model size.

[0074] In the process of removing details, some details need to be retained according to the actual needs of the construction stage, so that after the subsequent details are removed, the model volume can be reduced while the accuracy of the model is not affected;

[0075] Model compression processing uses compression processing technology to compress model data and ensure that the model can restore the original data after subsequent decompression;

[0076] During the compression operation, during the transmission of model data, the model is converted from a large file format to a lightweight file format through compression processing technology, making the model file smaller and loading faster, improving the speed of model data transmission to the client, and ensuring the accuracy of the model data;

[0077] During the decompression operation, after the model data is transmitted to the client, the compressed lightweight model is quickly restored on the client without downloading the original model data, making the transmission and download process of the model data faster;

[0078] By quantifying the value of retaining each model detail, the formula is as follows:

[0079] D i =α×U i +β×C i +γ×R i

[0080] in:

[0081] D i Indicates the retention value score of detail i, with a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 10;

[0082] U i : The usage probability or call frequency of the details in the current construction phase, with a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 10;

[0083] U i =(probability of use or call frequency / total number of calls during the construction phase)*10;

[0084] For example, (20 / 100)*10=2;

[0085] C i : The criticality of this detail to the overall structure of the model;

[0086] C i =(weight of the detail's impact on the structure or construction / the maximum impact weight of the detail in the overall project) * 10

[0087] If the impact score of a detail i on the construction phase in the historical project is 3, and the impact score of the most critical detail in all historical projects is 10, we can calculate C i ;

[0088] C i =(3 / 10)*10=3;

[0089] R i : Redundancy evaluation value of the detail, the minimum value is 0 and the maximum value is 10;

[0090] R i=(number of occurrences in the current stage / maximum number of occurrences in all stages)*10;

[0091] The maximum number of occurrences in all stages is 10, and the number of occurrences of this detail in the current stage is 7. We can calculate R i =(7 / 10)*10=7;

[0092] α, β, and γ are adjustment factors, which are set according to the project stage and accuracy requirements. The minimum value of α, β, and γ is 0, and the maximum value is 5. They can be manually defined on site.

[0093] When D i When <θ (set threshold), details can be removed;

[0094] The model compression value index can then be used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a compression operation for the overall system. The formula is as follows:

[0095]

[0096] in:

[0097] S o : Model size before compression, minimum 1MB, maximum 1000GB;

[0098] S c : The compressed model size, minimum 1MB, maximum = S o ;

[0099] T f : Transmission efficiency improvement factor (such as loading speed improvement multiple), minimum value 1, maximum value 10;

[0100] T f = (model loading time or transmission time before compression / model loading time or transmission time after compression);

[0101] For example, the loading time of the uncompressed model is 10 seconds, and the loading time of the compressed model is 4 seconds;

[0102] T f =10 / 4=2.5

[0103] ΔQ: data accuracy loss caused by compression, with a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 1;

[0104] ΔQ = data error in the compressed model / original model error;

[0105] Assume that the errors of the original model and the compressed model are 60 and 1.2 respectively;

[0106] ΔQ = 1.2 / 60 = 0.02;

[0107] λ: Precision tolerance constant to avoid division by zero (can be set to 1 e-5 )

[0108] Taking into account the elimination efficiency and compression benefit, the formula is as follows:

[0109]

[0110] in:

[0111] J: Joint optimization objective function value;

[0112] ω1 and ω2 represent the preference weights for elimination and compression, respectively, ω1 + ω2 = 1, which are set based on the understanding of the specific needs and goals of the project and the experience of experts;

[0113] Dmax is the maximum influence weight value among all details, used for normalization.

[0114] Such as U i is 2, C i is 3, R i is 7, α, β, and γ are adjustment factors, which are 1.5, 2.0, and 1.2, respectively;

[0115] D i =1.5*2+2.0*3+-1.2*7=3+6-8.4=0.6;

[0116] D i The value range is 0-10, D i =0 means that the detail is not important to the model, D i =10 means that the detail is crucial to the model.

[0117] If the rejection threshold θ=1.0, then D i =0.6<θ, the detail can be removed;

[0118] S o 15MB, S c 5MB, T f is 2.5, ΔQ is 0.02, λ=0.001

[0119] CVI = 25 / 0.21 = 1190.48;

[0120] If CVI is less than 10, the compression value is low. The size reduction or speed improvement brought by compression is very small, or the accuracy loss is large. Compression is not recommended.

[0121] 10≦CVI<100: medium compression value, with a certain compression effect, suitable for scenarios with low accuracy requirements and general transmission requirements;

[0122] 100 ≤ CVI < 500, high compression value. Compression significantly reduces the volume, improves the transmission efficiency, and the accuracy loss is acceptable. Suitable for recommended compression;

[0123] 500 ≤ CVI < 1000, very high compression value, indicating that compression has great advantages in saving space and transmission, and hardly affects the use. Strongly recommended for compression;

[0124] CVI ≥ 1000, extremely high compression value. The benefits brought by compression are extremely large, especially suitable for transmission-sensitive applications such as large models and mobile loading;

[0125] The value of CVI is 1190.48, CVI > 1000, extremely high compression value. The benefits brought by compression are extremely large, especially suitable for transmission-sensitive applications such as large models and mobile loading;

[0126] Let ω1 and ω2 be 0.5 and 0.5 respectively, and Dmax be 10

[0127] J = 0.2 * 0.94 + 0.5 * 1190.48 = 595.69;

[0128] J = 0: indicates no accuracy loss at all, and the optimization effect is optimal;

[0129] 0 < J < 50: indicates slight accuracy loss, good optimization effect, and balance between transmission efficiency and model quality;

[0130] 50 ≤ J < 200: indicates moderate accuracy loss, general optimization effect, and may need to adjust the optimization strategy;

[0131] 200 ≤ J < 500: indicates large accuracy loss, poor optimization effect, and may need to optimize the compression or detail removal operation;

[0132] J ≥ 500: indicates serious accuracy loss and poor optimization effect, usually meaning that the current optimization strategy is not ideal;

[0133] Therefore, the compression value of the component in the current stage is much higher than its retention value, and it is suitable for being removed and compressed.

[0134] Based on the above technical solution, the model pre-compilation process is to pre-compile the components in the BIM model into executable files to reduce the volume of the model without any modification;

[0135] The model view clipping is to classify and clip the objects in the model into detectable views according to the corresponding stages of building construction, and reduce the volume of the model without affecting the model accuracy;

[0136] Model subdivision processing is to subdivide large complex objects in the model into multiple small independent objects, so that each small independent object is separated from other objects in the model, thereby reducing the compressed volume of the model.

[0137] Based on the above technical solution, the model simplification process mainly deletes and simplifies the redundant information of each construction stage according to the application stage of the model in construction, thereby reducing the complexity of the model;

[0138] Necessary information supplementation mainly involves supplementing information that cannot be expressed in the model during design planning and construction, ensuring the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the model data on the basis of simplifying the model;

[0139] Model reconstruction is to simplify the modeling process of models with lost or damaged drawings, as well as damaged electronic documents, to ensure that the model fully reflects the construction data.

[0140] Based on the above technical solution, the data storage unit is responsible for storing and managing the lightweight model data, uploading the model data to the cloud database for storage and management through cloud storage, and providing access services to the outside world through a unified data access interface;

[0141] After the data storage unit stores the model data, the model data stored in the database also needs to be organized and optimized, so as to reduce the size of the model data by simplifying the model data when the model data is stored, so as to facilitate quick retrieval and viewing of the model data.

[0142] Based on the above technical solution, the data backup and recovery unit regularly backs up the model data stored in the database by establishing a data backup mechanism. When the model data is lost or damaged, the data is restored in time to ensure the security of model data storage.

[0143] Based on the above technical solution, the web display unit enables the model data to be displayed smoothly on the web. It usually requires simplifying the model, deleting unnecessary geometric details, and reducing the number of faces and vertices of the model. At the same time, it can dynamically adjust the display details of the model according to the user's perspective and distance, thereby improving the loading speed and display efficiency of the model.

[0144] Based on the above technical solution, the mobile terminal display unit enables the model data to be displayed on the mobile terminal. When displaying the model on the mobile terminal, the model needs to be optimized to adapt to the performance and screen size of the mobile terminal device.

[0145] Based on the above technical solution, the model interaction operation unit enables users who interact with the model to operate the model within the model display interface, including zooming in, zooming out, translating, and rotating. This allows users to view the model from multiple perspectives, helping them to gain a deeper understanding of the model details.

[0146] Moreover, when the user is interacting with the model, the model can be controlled through pointer and touch input, achieving more direct interaction and improving the user's understanding of the model.

[0147] Based on the above technical solution, the information interaction unit enables users to interact and share model data by integrating the model display platform with other information systems when operating and viewing the model in the model display platform.

[0148] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight BIM model processing and display system, characterized by: Under the premise of ensuring the model's functionality and information integrity, the model file size is reduced, and the model loading speed and processing performance are improved. Specifically, it includes a model lightweight processing module, a model data storage module, a model data multi-platform display module, and a model interactive operation module; The model lightweight processing module is responsible for processing the original BIM model data to improve the data efficiency of the model, and specifically includes a model lightweight processing unit and a model simplification and reconstruction unit; The model lightweight processing unit includes model detail elimination processing, model compression processing, model pre-compilation processing, model view clipping and model subdivision processing; The model simplification and reconstruction unit includes model simplification processing, necessary information supplementation and model reconstruction processing; The model data storage module is responsible for storing and managing the processed BIM model data, specifically including a data storage unit and a data backup and recovery unit; The model data multi-platform display module can display lightweight BIM model data in different application scenarios, has the characteristics of cross-platform and multi-format display, and is adapted to the application environment of the Web and mobile terminals. Specifically, it includes a Web terminal display unit and a mobile terminal display unit; The model interactive operation module intuitively displays the model through interactive operations, allowing users to browse and operate the model more conveniently. It specifically includes a model interactive operation unit and an information interactive unit.

2. A BIM lightweight model processing and display system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model detail elimination process is to remove details that have little impact on the BIM model, thereby reducing the amount of data in the BIM model and reducing the size of the model by reducing unnecessary details; In the process of removing details, some details need to be retained according to the actual needs of the construction stage, so that after the subsequent details are removed, the model volume can be reduced while the accuracy of the model is not affected; The model compression process compresses the model data using compression processing technology and ensures that the model can restore the original data after subsequent decompression; During the compression operation, during the transmission of model data, the model is converted from a large file format to a lightweight file format through compression processing technology, making the model file smaller and loading faster, improving the speed of model data transmission to the client, and ensuring the accuracy of the model data; During the decompression operation, after the model data is transmitted to the client, the compressed lightweight model is quickly restored on the client without downloading the original model data, making the transmission and download process of the model data faster; By quantifying the value of retaining each model detail, the formula is as follows: D i =α×U i +β×C i +γ×R i in: D i represents the retention value score of detail i, with a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 10; U i : The usage probability or call frequency of the details in the current construction phase, with a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 10; C i : The criticality of this detail to the overall structure of the model, with a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 10; R i : Redundancy evaluation value of the detail, the minimum value is 0 and the maximum value is 10; α, β, and γ are adjustment factors, which are set according to the project stage and accuracy requirements. The minimum value of α, β, and γ is 0 and the maximum value is 5; When D i When <θ, details can be removed; θ=μD-k×σD; where μD is the value of all D i The mean value, σD is the standard deviation, k = 1; The model compression value index can then be used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a compression operation for the overall system. The formula is as follows: in: S o : Model size before compression, minimum value 1, maximum value 1000GB; S c : The compressed model size, minimum 1MB, maximum = S o ; T f : Transmission efficiency improvement coefficient, minimum value is 1, maximum value is 10; ΔQ: data accuracy loss caused by compression, minimum value 0, maximum value 1; λ: Precision tolerance constant, to avoid division by zero, set to 1 e-5 ; Taking into account the elimination efficiency and compression benefit, the formula is as follows: in: J: Joint optimization objective function value; ω1 and ω2 represent the preference weights for the elimination and compression parts, respectively, ω1+ω2=1; Dmax is the maximum influence weight value among all details, used for normalization.

3. The BIM lightweight model processing and display system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The model pre-compilation process is to pre-compile the components of the BIM model into executable files without making any modifications to reduce the size of the model; The model view clipping is to classify and clip the objects in the model into detectable views according to the corresponding stages of building construction, thereby reducing the volume of the model without affecting the accuracy of the model; The model subdivision process is to subdivide a large complex object in the model into multiple small independent objects, so that each small independent object is separated from other objects in the model, thereby reducing the compressed volume of the model.

4. The BIM lightweight model processing and display system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model simplification process mainly deletes and simplifies the redundant information of each construction stage according to the application stage of the model in construction, thereby reducing the complexity of the model; The necessary information supplement is mainly to supplement the information that cannot be expressed in the model during design planning and construction, and to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the model data on the basis of simplifying the model; The model reconstruction process is to simplify the model of the model with lost or damaged drawings and damaged electronic documents to ensure that the model fully reflects the construction data.

5. The BIM lightweight model processing and display system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data storage unit is responsible for storing and managing the lightweight model data, uploading the model data to the cloud database for storage and management through cloud storage, and providing access services to the outside through a unified data access interface; After the data storage unit stores the model data, the model data stored in the database also needs to be organized and optimized, so as to reduce the size of the model data by simplifying the model data when the model data is stored, so as to facilitate quick retrieval and viewing of the model data.

6. The BIM lightweight model processing and display system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data backup and recovery unit regularly backs up the model data stored in the database by establishing a data backup mechanism, and promptly recovers the data when the model data is lost or damaged, thereby ensuring the security of the model data storage.

7. The BIM lightweight model processing and display system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The web-side display unit enables the model data to be displayed smoothly on the web side. It usually requires simplifying the model, deleting unnecessary geometric details, reducing the number of faces and vertices of the model, and dynamically adjusting the display details of the model according to the user's perspective and distance, thereby improving the loading speed and display efficiency of the model.

8. The BIM lightweight model processing and display system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mobile terminal display unit enables the model data to be displayed on the mobile terminal. When displaying the model on the mobile terminal, the model needs to be optimized to adapt to the performance and screen size of the mobile terminal device.

9. The BIM lightweight model processing and display system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model interactive operation unit enables users who interact with the model to operate the model in the model display interface, including operations such as zooming in, zooming out, translating, and rotating, so that users can view the model from multiple perspectives, helping users to gain a deeper understanding of the model details; Moreover, when the user is interacting with the model, the model can be controlled through pointer and touch input, achieving more direct interaction and improving the user's understanding of the model.

10. The BIM lightweight model processing and display system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The information interaction unit enables users to operate and view models in the model display platform by integrating the model display platform with other information systems to achieve interaction and sharing of model data.

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