Integrated air cooling humidifier integrating heat and humidity exchange for hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell integrated moisture and heat exchange integrated air cooling humidifier which comprises a shell, and a cooling water cavity, a dry air cavity, a wet air cavity, a dry air cavity and a cooling water cavity are sequentially arranged in the shell from left to right. A dry air outlet and a dry air inlet are formed in the two dry air cavities respectively, a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are formed in the two cooling water cavities respectively, and a wet air inlet and a wet air outlet are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the wet air cavity respectively; two ends of the radiating pipe are respectively communicated with the two cooling water cavities; and the heat dissipation pipe is sleeved with the membrane pipe, and the two ends of the membrane pipe communicate with the two dry air cavities. The size of the invention is greatly reduced. Cooling water and high-temperature dry air can flow reversely, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. Air cooling and humidifying can be carried out at the same time, and heat and humidity balance is guaranteed. The cooling pipeline is integrated in the middle of the membrane pipe to improve the structural strength of the membrane pipe. The shell meets the insulation requirement, and the vibration failure risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and in particular to an integrated air cooling humidifier with integrated heat and moisture exchange for a hydrogen fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] The hydrogen fuel cell system is highly sensitive to temperature. A higher temperature of the air entering the stack will cause the stack to dry out, resulting in low stack performance. Therefore, a water-cooled air cooler is generally used to reduce the stack inlet air temperature to below 80°C. The hydrogen fuel cell system is highly sensitive to the humidity of the air entering the stack. Low humidity will cause the drying performance of the stack to decrease, while high humidity will cause the stack to be flooded. Generally, the wet gas generated after the stack reaction is introduced into a humidifier to adjust the humidity of the air entering the stack and ensure that the humidity is controlled within the optimal range. The existing technology generally adopts a water-cooled air cooler and a humidifier in series, which are connected by fasteners. The air cooler is responsible for cooling the high-temperature gas, and the humidifier is responsible for humidifying the dry air.

[0003] However, the existing technology has the following shortcomings: 1. Both the air cooler and the humidifier are relatively large in size. After being connected in series, the one-way size is even larger, which requires a lot of space, affects the overall layout of the fuel cell system, and reduces the system volume power and mass power. 2. The cooling water flow and the hot side air flow of the traditional air cooler adopt vertical flow, and it is difficult to achieve reverse flow between the hot and cold sides, resulting in low heat exchange efficiency and poor heat exchange performance. 3. Due to structural layout reasons, traditional air coolers and humidifiers can only implement the technical route of cooling first and then humidifying, and the mixing of hot and humid air is unbalanced. 4. The membrane tube lacks a supporting structure, and there is a risk of fracture under the impact of high-pressure, high-temperature and humid air. 5. Most traditional air coolers use metal casings, which can easily cause the insulation resistance of the fuel cell to be too high; the humidifier uses a plastic casing, which is prone to vibration failure when connected in series with a metal intercooler. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems of large volume, low heat exchange efficiency, unbalanced mixing of hot and humid air, lack of support for membrane tubes, and the material that may cause excessively high insulation resistance and vibration aging of batteries in the background technology, and to propose an integrated air cooling humidifier with integrated heat and moisture exchange for hydrogen fuel cells.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is an integrated air cooling humidifier with integrated heat and moisture exchange for a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising:

[0006] The shell has a cooling water chamber, a dry air chamber, a wet air chamber, a dry air chamber and a cooling water chamber arranged in sequence from left to right inside the shell. A dry air outlet and a dry air inlet are respectively arranged on the two dry air chambers. A cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are respectively arranged on the two cooling water chambers. A wet air inlet and a wet air outlet are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the wet air chamber.

[0007] There are multiple heat dissipation pipes, each of which passes through the wet air cavity and the two dry air cavities, and both ends of the heat dissipation pipe are connected to the two cooling water cavities respectively;

[0008] And a membrane tube is sleeved outside the heat dissipation pipe, two ends of the membrane tube are connected to two dry air cavities, and independent dry and wet channels are formed inside and outside the membrane tube.

[0009] Preferably, circular holes are provided on both sides of the wet air cavity, both ends of the membrane tube are connected to the two circular holes respectively, and the two dry air cavities are connected to the membrane tube through the circular holes.

[0010] Preferably, multiple heat dissipation tubes and membrane tubes are arranged horizontally.

[0011] Preferably, the membrane tube is made of perfluorosulfonic acid membrane.

[0012] Preferably, during cooling, the hot air passes through the dry air inlet, the dry air cavity, between the membrane tube and the heat dissipation pipe, another dry air cavity and the dry air outlet in sequence, and is cooled by the heat dissipation pipe.

[0013] Preferably, during humidification, dry hot air passes through the membrane tube, and wet air passes through the wet air inlet, the wet air cavity and the wet air outlet in sequence, completing the humidity exchange between the dry air and the wet air through the membrane tube.

[0014] Preferably, the dry air inlet is located at the bottom of the dry air cavity, and the dry air outlet is located at the top of the dry air cavity.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] 1. The size is greatly reduced, which is conducive to saving layout space, making the fuel cell system structure more compact, and improving volume power and mass power;

[0017] 2. Cooling water and high-temperature dry air can achieve reverse flow to improve heat exchange efficiency;

[0018] 3. By using special membrane tubes, air cooling and humidification can be achieved simultaneously to ensure heat and humidity balance;

[0019] 4. The cooling pipe is integrated in the middle of the membrane tube, which can improve the structural strength of the membrane tube and reduce the risk of membrane tube breakage;

[0020] 5. The shell is made of plastic, which can meet the insulation requirements and reduce the risk of vibration failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 sectional view of .

[0023] Figure numerals: 1. Shell; 2. Cooling water chamber; 3. Dry air chamber; 4. Wet air chamber; 5. Dry air outlet; 6. Dry air inlet; 7. Cooling water inlet; 8. Cooling water outlet; 9. Wet air inlet; 10. Wet air outlet; 11. Membrane tube; 12. Heat dissipation tube; 13. Circular hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Example 1, as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the present invention proposes an integrated air cooling humidifier with integrated heat and moisture exchange for a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising:

[0025] The shell 1 has a cooling water chamber 2, a dry air chamber 3, a wet air chamber 4, a dry air chamber 3, and a cooling water chamber 2 arranged in sequence from left to right inside the shell 1. The two dry air chambers 3 are respectively provided with a dry air outlet 5 and a dry air inlet 6. The two cooling water chambers 2 are respectively provided with a cooling water inlet 7 and a cooling water outlet 8. The upper and lower ends of the wet air chamber 4 are respectively provided with a wet air inlet 9 and a wet air outlet 10;

[0026] A plurality of heat dissipation pipes 12 are provided, each passing through the wet air cavity 4 and the two dry air cavities 3 , with both ends of the heat dissipation pipe 12 being connected to the two cooling water cavities 2 ;

[0027] The membrane tube 11 is sleeved outside the heat dissipation tube 12 , and both ends of the membrane tube 11 are connected to the two dry air cavities 3 , so that independent dry and wet channels are formed inside and outside the membrane tube 11 .

[0028] Example 2, as Figure 2 As shown, the present invention proposes an integrated air cooling humidifier with integrated heat and moisture exchange for a hydrogen fuel cell. Compared with the first embodiment, this embodiment introduces the detailed structure.

[0029] The dry air inlet 6 is located at the bottom of the dry air cavity 3, and the dry air outlet 5 is located at the top of the dry air cavity 3. Circular holes 13 are provided on both sides of the wet air cavity 4, and the two ends of the membrane tube 11 are respectively connected to the two circular holes 13, and the two dry air cavities 3 are communicated with the membrane tube 11 through the circular holes 13. The heat dissipation tube 12 and the membrane tube 11 are both horizontally arranged in multiples. The membrane tube 11 is made of perfluorosulfonic acid membrane. During cooling, the hot air passes through the dry air inlet 6, the dry air cavity 3, between the membrane tube 11 and the heat dissipation tube 12, the other dry air cavity 3 and the dry air outlet 5 in sequence, and the heat dissipation tube 12 is used to cool the hot air. During humidification, the dry hot air passes through the membrane tube 11, and the wet air passes through the wet air inlet 9, the wet air cavity 4 and the wet air outlet 10 in sequence, and the humidity exchange between the dry air and the wet air is completed through the membrane tube 11.

[0030] Supplementary introduction to membrane tube 11:

[0031] The working principle of the membrane tube 11 is based on the diffusion of water vapor under a concentration gradient, and humidity exchange is achieved through the microporous structure of its special material. The following is a detailed principle and process:

[0032] Material properties: The membrane tube 11 is made of special materials such as perfluorosulfonic acid, which has good hydrophilicity and microporous structure, allowing water molecules to pass through, while other gas molecules (such as oxygen and nitrogen) are difficult to pass through or have greater resistance.

[0033] Humidity exchange mechanism: Dry air flows inside the membrane tubes 11, while moist air flows outside. Water vapor diffuses through the membrane from the moist air side (outside the membrane) with higher humidity to the dry air side (inside the membrane with lower humidity). Based on the law of diffusion, water molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.

[0034] Independent channels: The inner and outer channels of the membrane tube 11 remain independent, wet air and dry air do not mix, water vapor diffuses through the membrane, and other gas components are isolated.

[0035] In summary, the membrane tube 11 realizes humidity exchange between wet air and dry air by diffusion of water vapor under concentration gradient and utilizing the microporous structure of its material, keeping the channels independent, and the process is passive and efficient.

[0036] In summary, when the present invention is in use, the dry air flow path is: dry air inlet 6 → dry air chamber 3 → membrane tube 11 → dry air chamber 3 → dry air outlet 5. The humid air flow path is: humid air inlet 9 → humid air chamber 4 → humid air outlet 10. The hot air is cooled by the heat dissipation tube 12, while the dry air passes through the membrane tube 11, exchanging humidity with the humid air, thereby humidifying the dry air.

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated air cooling humidifier with integrated heat and moisture exchange for a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that: include: A housing (1) is provided inside the housing (1), wherein a cooling water chamber (2), a dry air chamber (3), a wet air chamber (4), a dry air chamber (3), and a cooling water chamber (2) are sequentially provided from left to right; a dry air outlet (5) and a dry air inlet (6) are provided on the two dry air chambers (3), a cooling water inlet (7) and a cooling water outlet (8) are provided on the two cooling water chambers (2), and a wet air inlet (9) and a wet air outlet (10) are provided at the upper and lower ends of the wet air chamber (4); A plurality of heat dissipation pipes (12) are provided, the heat dissipation pipes (12) passing through the wet air cavity (4) and the two dry air cavities (3), and the two ends of the heat dissipation pipes (12) are respectively connected to the two cooling water cavities (2); The membrane tube (11) is sleeved outside the heat dissipation tube (12), and two ends of the membrane tube (11) are connected to the two dry air cavities (3), so that independent dry and wet channels are formed inside and outside the membrane tube (11).

2. The integrated air cooling humidifier with integrated heat and moisture exchange for hydrogen fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: Circular holes (13) are provided on both sides of the wet air cavity (4), and both ends of the membrane tube (11) are respectively connected to the two circular holes (13), and the two dry air cavities (3) are communicated with the membrane tube (11) through the circular holes (13).

3. The integrated air cooling humidifier with integrated heat and moisture exchange for hydrogen fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple heat dissipation tubes (12) and membrane tubes (11) are horizontally arranged.

4. The integrated air cooling humidifier with integrated heat and moisture exchange for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The membrane tube (11) is made of perfluorosulfonic acid membrane.

5. The integrated air cooling humidifier with integrated heat and moisture exchange for hydrogen fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: During cooling, the hot air passes through the dry air inlet (6), the dry air cavity (3), between the membrane tube (11) and the heat dissipation pipe (12), another dry air cavity (3) and the dry air outlet (5), and is cooled by the heat dissipation pipe (12).

6. The integrated air cooling humidifier with integrated heat and moisture exchange for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: During humidification, dry hot air passes through the membrane tube (11), and wet air passes through the wet air inlet (9), the wet air cavity (4) and the wet air outlet (10) in sequence, completing the humidity exchange between the dry air and the wet air through the membrane tube (11).

7. The integrated air cooling humidifier with integrated heat and moisture exchange for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dry air inlet (6) is located at the bottom of the dry air cavity (3), and the dry air outlet (5) is located at the top of the dry air cavity (3).

Images