Dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna and array based on decoupling surface and isolation plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna and array based on a decoupling surface and isolation plates. The base station antenna comprises a low-frequency antenna array, a high-frequency antenna array, an antenna floor, a plurality of first isolation plates arranged on the antenna floor, and a plurality of second isolation plates arranged between two adjacent first isolation plates. The high-frequency antenna array comprises a plurality of high-frequency antenna unit columns arranged between the adjacent first isolation plate and second isolation plate; the low-frequency antenna array comprises a plurality of low-frequency antenna unit columns mounted between two adjacent first isolation plates; each low-frequency antenna unit column comprises a plurality of low-frequency antenna units printed with decoupling surfaces, and each decoupling surface comprises 8 n-shaped metal strips, 180 square metal patches and 40 rectangular metal patches. The problem that the low-frequency antenna shields the high-frequency antenna is solved, the directional diagram of the high-frequency antenna is repaired, the same-frequency isolation degree of the low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna can be effectively improved, and the decoupling effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna and array based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous evolution of mobile communication technology, base station antenna design faces multi-dimensional technical challenges, such as bandwidth expansion and device miniaturization, in order to meet increasingly complex and diverse communication needs. In today's communication scenarios, integrating antennas for different frequency bands, such as 2G, 3G, and 4G base station antennas, within the same radiation aperture can improve base station space utilization and reduce costs.

[0003] However, the complex electromagnetic environment presents a series of technical challenges in the actual design of dual-band, co-aperture antenna arrays. Shielding of the low-frequency antenna can affect the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna, leading to technical issues such as pattern distortion and reduced gain, severely hampering the antenna's overall performance. Furthermore, in antenna array architectures, mutual coupling between antenna elements is unavoidable, directly reducing antenna port isolation and, in turn, impacting the quality and stability of signal transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a dual-polarization and dual-band base station antenna and array based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate, which not only solves the problem of low-frequency antenna blocking high-frequency antenna and repairs the high-frequency antenna radiation pattern, but also can effectively improve the co-frequency isolation between the low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna, thereby enhancing the decoupling effect.

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a dual-polarization and dual-band base station antenna based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate, comprising a low-frequency antenna array, a high-frequency antenna array, an antenna floor, and a plurality of first isolation plates arranged on the antenna floor, and a plurality of second isolation plates arranged between two adjacent first isolation plates; the high-frequency antenna array comprises a plurality of columns of high-frequency antenna units installed between adjacent first isolation plates and second isolation plates; the low-frequency antenna array comprises a plurality of columns of low-frequency antenna units installed between two adjacent first isolation plates; each column of the low-frequency antenna units comprises a plurality of low-frequency antenna units printed with a decoupling surface, and the decoupling surface comprises 8 X-shaped metal strips, 180 square metal patches and 40 rectangular metal patches.

[0006] A dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: By printing a decoupling surface on the low-frequency antenna unit, using multiple "X"-shaped metal strips arranged on the decoupling surface to partially offset the coupling current, and providing multiple square and rectangular metal sheets to adjust the operating bandwidth of the decoupling surface, the problem of the low-frequency antenna blocking the high-frequency antenna is solved without adding additional dielectric plates, and the high-frequency antenna radiation pattern is restored. At the same time, by providing multiple first isolation plates between multiple columns of high-frequency antenna units, the high-frequency antenna's co-polarized coupled waves can be converted into heteropolarized coupled waves, improving the high-frequency antenna's co-frequency isolation. Furthermore, by providing multiple second isolation plates between multiple columns of low-frequency antenna units, the intensity of the coupled waves between adjacent low-frequency antennas can be controlled, improving the co-frequency isolation of the low-frequency antennas, thereby improving the decoupling effect without affecting the normal radiation performance of the antenna units.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the high-frequency antenna unit columns is four, the number of the low-frequency antenna unit columns is two, and each high-frequency antenna unit column is arranged in parallel with the low-frequency antenna unit column.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, each column of the high-frequency antenna units includes four high-frequency antenna units, each column of the low-frequency antenna units includes two low-frequency antenna units, and each of the four corners of the low-frequency antenna unit is provided with a high-frequency antenna unit.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the low-frequency antenna unit includes a first dielectric plate, the decoupling surface is printed on an upper surface of the first dielectric plate, and the low-frequency antenna is printed on a lower surface of the first dielectric plate.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of low-frequency metal isolation strips are further included and arranged in the middle and on both sides of the two columns of low-frequency antenna units.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of third isolation plates are further provided in parallel in the middle and on both sides of the antenna floor, and each of the third isolation plates is fixedly mounted with two of the low-frequency metal isolation strips.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, there are two first isolation plates, which are respectively arranged in parallel in the middle of two adjacent third isolation plates, and each first isolation plate is provided with a plurality of notch structures.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the second isolation plates is two, and the second isolation plates include a second dielectric plate. Nine periodic structures are printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate. The periodic structures include a cross-shaped metal strip and four L-shaped metal strips, and the four L-shaped metal strips are surrounded by the outer periphery of the cross-shaped metal strip.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of high-frequency metal isolation strips are further provided between two adjacent high-frequency antenna units. The high-frequency metal isolation strips include vertical metal strips and a metal base. The metal base is provided with a group of fixing holes.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a base station antenna array, including a dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purposes and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solution of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the technical solution of the present invention.

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments; Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 1 is a port diagram of a dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a decoupling surface structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-frequency antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first isolation plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the low-frequency metal isolation strip structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-frequency metal isolation strip provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second isolation plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 1 is a schematic diagram of the antenna floor structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 111 is a simulation result diagram of the S parameters of the low-frequency antenna unit according to the embodiment of the present invention as a function of frequency; Figure 12 1 is a simulation result diagram of the variation of the peak gain of the low-frequency antenna unit with frequency provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 1 is a diagram showing simulation results of horizontal plane radiation patterns of the low-frequency antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention at 690 MHz, 780 MHz, and 870 MHz; Figure 14 1 is a simulation result diagram showing the change of isolation between the same-frequency ports of a low-frequency antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention as a function of frequency; Figure 15 1 is a simulation result diagram of the standing wave ratio of a high-frequency antenna unit as a function of frequency provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 1 is a simulation result diagram of the change of peak gain of a high-frequency antenna unit array with frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 1. This is a diagram showing simulation results of the horizontal plane radiation patterns of the high-frequency antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention at 1.69 GHz, 2.19 GHz, and 2.69 GHz; Figure 18 This is a simulation result diagram showing how the isolation of the same-frequency ports of the high-frequency antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention varies with frequency.

[0019] Figure numerals: decoupling surface 1, X-shaped metal strip 2, square metal patch 3, rectangular metal patch 4, first isolation plate 5, notch structure 6, high-frequency metal isolation strip 7, vertical metal strip 8, metal base 9, fixing hole 10, second isolation plate 11, low-frequency metal isolation strip 12, antenna floor 13, first via 14, second via 15, third isolation plate 16, low-frequency antenna unit 17, high-frequency antenna unit 18, periodic structure 20, cross-shaped metal strip 21, L-shaped metal strip 22. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present invention, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. "Any one" refers to one or more, and "at least one of the following" and similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0022] It should be noted that the terms "dispose," "install," and "connect" in the embodiments of the present invention should be interpreted broadly. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of these terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution. For example, the term "connect" can refer to mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; it can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary.

[0023] It should be noted that the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] With the continuous evolution of mobile communication technology, base station antenna design faces multi-dimensional technical challenges, such as bandwidth expansion and device miniaturization, in order to meet increasingly complex and diverse communication needs. In today's communication scenarios, integrating antennas for different frequency bands, such as 2G, 3G, and 4G base station antennas, within the same radiation aperture can improve base station space utilization and reduce costs.

[0025] However, the complex electromagnetic environment presents a series of technical challenges in the actual design of dual-band, co-aperture antenna arrays. Shielding of the low-frequency antenna can affect the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna, leading to technical issues such as pattern distortion and reduced gain, severely hampering the antenna's overall performance. Furthermore, in antenna array architectures, mutual coupling between antenna elements is unavoidable, directly reducing antenna port isolation and, in turn, impacting the quality and stability of signal transmission.

[0026] Based on this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dual-polarization and dual-band base station antenna and array based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate, which not only solves the problem of the low-frequency antenna blocking the high-frequency antenna and repairs the high-frequency antenna radiation pattern, but also can effectively improve the co-frequency isolation between the low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna, thereby enhancing the decoupling effect.

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarization and dual-band base station antenna based on a decoupling surface 1 and an isolation plate, provided by one embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments of the present invention, the base station antenna includes a low-frequency antenna array, a high-frequency antenna array, an antenna floor 13, a plurality of first isolation plates 5 disposed on the antenna floor 13, and a plurality of second isolation plates 11 disposed between two adjacent first isolation plates 5; the high-frequency antenna array includes a plurality of columns of high-frequency antenna units installed between adjacent first isolation plates 5 and second isolation plates 11; the low-frequency antenna array includes a plurality of columns of low-frequency antenna units installed between two adjacent first isolation plates 5; each column of low-frequency antenna units includes a plurality of low-frequency antenna units 17 printed with a decoupling surface 1, and the decoupling surface 1 includes eight X-shaped metal strips 2, 180 square metal patches 3, and 40 rectangular metal patches 4.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a dual-polarization and dual-band base station antenna based on a decoupling surface 1 and an isolation plate is provided. By printing the decoupling surface 1 on the low-frequency antenna unit 17, and using multiple "X"-shaped metal strips 2 provided on the decoupling surface 1 to offset part of the coupling current, and providing multiple square and rectangular metal sheets to adjust the operating bandwidth of the decoupling surface 1, the problem of the low-frequency antenna blocking the high-frequency antenna is solved without adding additional dielectric plates, thereby repairing the high-frequency antenna radiation pattern. At the same time, by providing multiple first isolation plates 5 between multiple columns of high-frequency antenna units, the high-frequency antenna's co-polarized coupled waves can be converted into heteropolarized coupled waves, thereby improving the high-frequency antenna's co-frequency isolation. In addition, by providing multiple second isolation plates 11 between multiple columns of low-frequency antenna units, the intensity of the coupled waves of adjacent low-frequency antennas can be controlled, thereby improving the co-frequency isolation of the low-frequency antennas, thereby improving the decoupling effect without affecting the normal radiation performance of the antenna units.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the number of high-frequency antenna unit columns is four, and the number of low-frequency antenna unit columns is two, and each high-frequency antenna unit column is arranged in parallel with the low-frequency antenna unit column. It can be understood that the high-frequency and low-frequency antenna unit columns can be alternately arranged at a certain interval on the antenna floor 13 to form a regular array structure. In the feeding system, the high-frequency antenna unit column is connected to the high-frequency feeder, and the low-frequency antenna unit column is connected to the low-frequency feeder. The feeder transmits the signal to the antenna control unit to achieve signal transmission and reception. Furthermore, the high-frequency antenna array can specifically include four columns of high-frequency antenna unit columns, and the low-frequency antenna array can specifically include two columns of low-frequency antenna unit columns, and each column of high-frequency antenna unit columns and low-frequency antenna unit columns are arranged and installed in a parallel manner, which can effectively improve the space utilization of the antenna array, so that multiple antenna units of different frequency bands can be accommodated simultaneously in a limited space, thereby meeting the needs of multi-band communication.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments of the present invention, each high-frequency antenna unit column includes four high-frequency antenna units 18, each low-frequency antenna unit column includes two low-frequency antenna units 17, and each low-frequency antenna unit 17 is provided with a high-frequency antenna unit 18 at each corner. It should be noted that on the antenna floor 13, each high-frequency antenna unit column may specifically include four high-frequency antenna units 18, each low-frequency antenna unit column may specifically include two low-frequency antenna units 17, and each low-frequency antenna unit 17 is provided with a high-frequency antenna unit 18 at each corner. That is, four high-frequency antenna units 18 are arranged around a low-frequency antenna unit 17 as the center. This can effectively utilize space, improve the overall integration of the antenna array, and at the same time improve the problem of low-frequency antennas blocking high-frequency antennas.

[0032] Reference Figures 1 to 4 In some embodiments of the present invention, the low-frequency antenna unit 17 includes a first dielectric plate, the upper surface of which is printed with a decoupling surface 1, and the lower surface of which is printed with a low-frequency antenna. It is understood that by printing the decoupling surface 1 on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate, for example, by printing the decoupling surface 1 on the upper surface of the low-frequency antenna radiating dielectric plate, the mutual coupling between the low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna unit 18 can be effectively reduced, the gain of the high-frequency antenna can be restored, and the distortion of the high-frequency antenna pattern can be corrected. The low-frequency antenna is printed on the lower surface of the first dielectric plate, responsible for transmitting and receiving low-frequency signals. This effectively utilizes space, makes the antenna unit more compact, eliminates the need for an additional dielectric plate, and reduces costs.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 7 In some embodiments of the present invention, multiple low-frequency metal isolation strips 12 are further provided between and on both sides of the two columns of low-frequency antenna units. It should be noted that by providing two low-frequency metal isolation strips 12 between the two columns of low-frequency antenna units, the coupled waves between adjacent low-frequency antenna units 17 can be blocked. Furthermore, providing two low-frequency metal isolation strips 12 on both sides of the two columns of low-frequency antenna units can offset the additional coupled waves generated by the two low-frequency metal isolation strips 12 located between the low-frequency antenna units.

[0034] In one embodiment, the low-frequency metal isolation strip 12 can be made of aluminum, which helps to reduce the overall weight of the antenna, facilitates the installation and transportation of the antenna, and reduces the manufacturing cost of the antenna.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 7In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of third isolation plates 16 are further provided in parallel in the middle and on both sides of the antenna floor 13, and each third isolation plate 16 is fixedly mounted with two low-frequency metal isolation strips 12. It is understandable that the third isolation plates 16 are provided in the middle and on both sides of the antenna floor 13, for example, the entire antenna floor 13 may be provided with a total of three third isolation plates 16. Furthermore, each third isolation plate 16 may be mounted with two low-frequency metal isolation strips 12. For example, the low-frequency metal isolation strips 12 may be fixedly connected to the third isolation plate 16 by mechanical fixing means such as screws, clips or adhesives, etc., which can offset the coupled waves between the low-frequency antenna units 17, thereby improving the co-frequency isolation between the low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna and enhancing the antenna performance.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 6 In some embodiments of the present invention, there are two first isolation plates 5, which are respectively arranged in parallel between two adjacent third isolation plates 16, and each first isolation plate 5 is provided with a plurality of notch structures 6. It should be noted that the third isolation plates 16 installed on the antenna floor 13 are arranged at a certain interval, and two first isolation plates 5 are placed in parallel between every two adjacent third isolation plates 16, which can reduce the mutual interference between the low-frequency antenna unit 17 and the high-frequency antenna unit 18. Furthermore, by providing a plurality of notch structures 6 on each first isolation plate 5, the impact on the high-frequency antenna is reduced, and the first isolation plate 5 can convert the high-frequency antenna's co-polarized coupled wave into a heteropolarized coupled wave, thereby improving the high-frequency antenna's co-frequency isolation.

[0037] In one embodiment, the first isolation plate 5 can be made of aluminum, which helps to reduce the overall weight of the antenna, facilitates the installation and transportation of the antenna, and reduces the manufacturing cost of the antenna.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 9 In some embodiments of the present invention, there are two second isolation plates 11, each comprising a second dielectric plate. Nine periodic structures 20 are printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate. The periodic structures 20 comprise a cross-shaped metal strip 21 and four L-shaped metal strips 22. The four L-shaped metal strips 22 surround the cross-shaped metal strip 21. It is understood that, if Figure 1 As shown, there can be two second isolation plates 11 provided between the low-frequency antenna unit columns. The two second isolation plates 11 are arranged in a longitudinal manner in the middle of the two low-frequency antenna unit columns and are located above the high-frequency antenna unit 18. Furthermore, nine periodic structures 20 are printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate, as shown in FIG. Figure 9As shown, each periodic structure 20 can be configured with four L-shaped metal strips 22 surrounding a cross-shaped metal strip 21. Since the second isolation plate 11 has a bandpass characteristic in the high-frequency band, it can ensure that the second isolation plate 11 does not affect the normal operation of the high-frequency antenna. Furthermore, since the second isolation plate 11 has a bandstop characteristic in the low-frequency band, adjusting the number of periodic structures 20 in the second isolation plate 11 can control the intensity of the coupled waves between adjacent low-frequency antennas, thereby improving the co-frequency isolation of the low-frequency antennas.

[0039] In one embodiment, the second dielectric plate can be made of FR4 material with a thickness of 1 mm, which ensures sufficient electromagnetic shielding effect while also making the second isolation plate 11 have good mechanical strength and flexibility, and can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost of the antenna.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 8 In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of high-frequency metal isolation strips 7 are further provided between two adjacent high-frequency antenna units 18. The high-frequency metal isolation strips 7 include vertical metal strips 8 and a metal base 9. The metal base 9 is provided with a group of fixing holes 10. It should be noted that by providing the high-frequency metal isolation strip 7 between two adjacent high-frequency antenna units 18, and the high-frequency metal isolation strip 7 is composed of vertical metal strips 8 and a metal base 9, the vertical metal strip 8 is vertically mounted on the metal base 9 to provide electromagnetic shielding in the vertical direction. The metal base 9 is used to support the vertical metal strip 8, and a group of fixing holes 10 is provided on the metal base 9. For example, a group may include two fixing holes 10, so that the high-frequency metal isolation strip 7 can be fixed to the antenna floor 13 using fasteners such as screws and bolts, thereby directly blocking the coupling path between the high-frequency antennas using the high-frequency metal isolation strip 7, thereby improving the same-frequency isolation of the high-frequency antennas.

[0041] In one embodiment, the vertical metal strip 8 can be a long strip or other specifically shaped metal sheet. In another embodiment, the metal base 9 and the vertical metal strip 8 can be integrally formed from the same metal material (e.g., aluminum, copper, etc.), ensuring that the high-frequency metal isolation strip 7 has good electrical connection and mechanical strength.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 10 In some embodiments of the present invention, the antenna floor 13 is provided with a plurality of first vias 14 and a plurality of second vias 15, which respectively provide independent feeding paths for the high-frequency antenna unit 18 and the low-frequency antenna unit 17, thereby ensuring that the signal can be efficiently transmitted to the corresponding antenna unit and reducing signal interference and loss. Specifically, Figure 5 and Figure 10As shown, the first via 14 is used to feed the high-frequency antenna unit 18, so it can be designed to be smaller in size to adapt to the small diameter of the high-frequency feed line, and the number of the first vias 14 is the same as the number of the high-frequency antenna units 18. For example, 16 first vias 14 can be opened on the antenna floor 13 corresponding to the 16 high-frequency antenna units 18 in the above embodiment, and then the signal is transmitted to the high-frequency antenna unit 18 through the high-frequency feed line passing through the first via 14. Figure 4 and Figure 10 As shown, the second via 15 is used to feed the low-frequency antenna unit 17, so it can be designed to be larger in size to adapt to the thicker diameter of the low-frequency feeder, and the number of the second vias 15 is the same as the number of the low-frequency antenna units 17. For example, four second vias 15 can be opened on the antenna floor 13 corresponding to the four low-frequency antenna units 17 in the above embodiment, and the signal is transmitted to the low-frequency antenna unit 17 through the low-frequency feeder passing through the second vias 15.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the base station antenna also includes a radome, which can be mounted to the antenna floor 13 or other antenna housing structure using mechanical fastening methods (e.g., screws, clips, or adhesives). Furthermore, the radome's dielectric material can be 2.6 mm thick Megtron 4S_R5725S, which not only effectively protects the antenna from environmental factors but also ensures efficient transmission of electromagnetic waves, improving the antenna's overall performance and reliability.

[0044] like Figure 11 As shown, Figure 11 This is a simulation result diagram of the S parameters of the low-frequency antenna unit of an embodiment of the present invention changing with frequency. The operating frequency band of the low-frequency antenna is 690-960 MHz. The simulated return loss within its operating bandwidth is lower than -10 dB, and the simulated port isolation is lower than -20 dB.

[0045] like Figure 12 As shown, Figure 12 This is a simulation result diagram of the variation of the peak gain of the low-frequency antenna unit with frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention. The operating frequency band of the low-frequency antenna is 690-960 MHz, the feeding port is L1, and the simulated average gain is 7.2 dBi.

[0046] like Figure 13 As shown, Figure 13 This is a simulation result diagram of the horizontal plane radiation pattern of the low-frequency antenna unit of an embodiment of the present invention at 690MHz, 780MHz and 870MHz. The low-frequency antenna has a clear main lobe direction in the horizontal plane radiation pattern, and has good frequency characteristic stability in the frequency bands of 690MHz, 780MHz and 870MHz, and can maintain relatively stable radiation pattern characteristics within a wider frequency range.

[0047] like Figure 14 As shown, Figure 14 This is a simulation result diagram of the co-polarization isolation of the low-frequency antenna port according to an embodiment of the present invention as a function of frequency. The simulated port isolation values ​​are all lower than -20.7dB.

[0048] like Figure 15 As shown, Figure 15 This is a simulation result diagram of the standing wave ratio of the high-frequency antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention as a function of frequency. The operating frequency band of the high-frequency antenna is 1.69-2.69 GHz, and the simulated standing wave ratio within its operating bandwidth is lower than 1.63.

[0049] like Figure 16 As shown, Figure 16 This is a simulation result diagram of the change in peak gain of the high-frequency antenna unit column with frequency in an embodiment of the present invention. The operating frequency band of the high-frequency antenna is 1.69-2.69 GHz, the feeding ports are H1, H5, H9 and H11, and the simulated average gain is 15 dBi.

[0050] like Figure 17 As shown, Figure 17 This is a simulation result diagram of the horizontal plane radiation pattern of the high-frequency antenna unit of an embodiment of the present invention at 1.69 GHz, 2.19 GHz and 2.69 GHz. The high-frequency antenna has a clear main lobe direction in the horizontal plane radiation pattern, and the performance at the three frequency points of 1.69 GHz, 2.19 GHz and 2.69 GHz is relatively consistent, showing good frequency characteristic stability and radiation pattern stability.

[0051] like Figure 18 As shown, Figure 18 This is a simulation result diagram of the change of the co-polarization isolation of the high-frequency antenna port with frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention. The simulated port isolation values ​​are all lower than -20dB.

[0052] It should be noted that, compared with other dual-band base station antenna arrays, the dual-polarization and dual-band base station antenna based on the decoupling surface and isolation plate (hereinafter referred to as the base station antenna) in the embodiment of the present invention uses the decoupling surface to repair the shielding effect of the low-frequency antenna on the high-frequency antenna, and realizes the conformal shape of the high-frequency antenna pattern without adding an additional dielectric plate; the base station antenna in the embodiment of the present invention uses a first isolation plate and a high-frequency metal isolation strip to improve the co-frequency isolation of the high-frequency antenna without affecting the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna unit; the base station antenna in the embodiment of the present invention uses a second isolation plate and a low-frequency metal isolation strip to improve the co-frequency isolation of the low-frequency antenna without affecting the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna unit; the low-frequency antenna co-frequency port isolation in the base station antenna in the embodiment of the present invention is greater than 20.7dB, and the high-frequency antenna co-frequency port isolation is greater than 20dB, which achieves a good decoupling effect and can be applied to base station antenna arrays.

[0053] A second aspect of the present invention provides a base station antenna array, including a dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0054] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate, characterized in that: The system comprises a low-frequency antenna array, a high-frequency antenna array, an antenna floor, a plurality of first isolation plates arranged on the antenna floor, and a plurality of second isolation plates arranged between two adjacent first isolation plates; The high-frequency antenna array includes a plurality of high-frequency antenna unit columns installed on both sides of the first isolation plate; The low-frequency antenna array comprises a plurality of low-frequency antenna unit columns installed on both sides of the second isolation plate; Each column of the low-frequency antenna units includes a plurality of low-frequency antenna units printed with a decoupling surface, and the decoupling surface includes 8 X-shaped metal strips, 180 square metal patches and 40 rectangular metal patches.

2. The dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the high-frequency antenna unit columns is four, the number of the low-frequency antenna unit columns is two, and each high-frequency antenna unit column is arranged in parallel with the low-frequency antenna unit column.

3. The dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna based on the decoupling surface and the isolation plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each column of the high-frequency antenna units includes four high-frequency antenna units, each column of the low-frequency antenna units includes two low-frequency antenna units, and the four corners of each low-frequency antenna unit are respectively provided with a high-frequency antenna unit.

4. The dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The low-frequency antenna unit includes a first dielectric plate. The decoupling surface is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate, and the low-frequency antenna is printed on the lower surface of the first dielectric plate.

5. The dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of low-frequency metal isolation strips arranged in the middle and on both sides of the two columns of low-frequency antenna units.

6. The dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of third isolation plates which are respectively arranged in parallel in the middle and on both sides of the antenna floor, and each of the third isolation plates is respectively fixedly mounted with two of the low-frequency metal isolation strips.

7. The dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are two first isolation plates, which are respectively arranged in parallel in the middle of two adjacent third isolation plates. Each of the first isolation plates is provided with a plurality of notch structures.

8. The dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two second isolation plates, each of which includes a second dielectric plate. Nine periodic structures are printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate. The periodic structures include a cross-shaped metal strip and four L-shaped metal strips. The four L-shaped metal strips surround the cross-shaped metal strip.

9. The dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of high-frequency metal isolation strips arranged between two adjacent high-frequency antenna units. The high-frequency metal isolation strips include vertical metal strips and a metal base. The metal base is provided with a group of fixing holes.

10. A base station antenna array, characterized in that: The invention comprises a dual-polarization and dual-frequency base station antenna based on a decoupling surface and an isolation plate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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