Waterproof ventilation box body capable of being opened and closed intelligently and control method of waterproof ventilation box body
Through the intelligently controlled waterproof ventilation box, the double crank slider mechanism and the self-locking electric push rod are used to drive the waterproof door and the ventilation door to rotate in opposite directions, which solves the contradiction between heat dissipation and waterproofing of outdoor high-power electrical equipment, realizes the waterproof ventilation effect under all working conditions, reduces production costs and improves equipment reliability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510893438.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies make it difficult to balance the contradiction between heat dissipation and waterproofing in outdoor high-power electrical equipment. Traditional ventilation boxes have insufficient heat dissipation and poor waterproofing performance. Dynamic opening and closing rain covers have mechanical jamming and control defects. Forced air cooling has high energy consumption and low reliability.
A waterproof ventilation box with intelligent opening and closing is designed. A double crank slider mechanism and a self-locking electric push rod are used to drive the waterproof door and the ventilation door to rotate in opposite directions. The opening angle and state of the door are dynamically adjusted through a temperature sensor, forming a highly adaptable waterproof ventilation structure.
It achieves waterproof ventilation with strong adaptability in a wide temperature range and all-weather, reduces production costs, improves equipment reliability and safety, and adapts to the heat dissipation needs of different working conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN120676570A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electrical machinery control, and in particular to a waterproof ventilation box with intelligent opening and closing and a control method thereof. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of high-power applications such as renewable energy power generation and rail transit, outdoor high-power electrical equipment faces an increasingly severe conflict between heat dissipation and protection. The power density of such equipment generally exceeds 5kW / m³. If the internal temperature rise exceeds 70°C during operation, the device lifespan will be rapidly reduced (Arrhenius effect). However, the outdoor environment (-40°C to +55°C, rain, snow, wind and sand) requires the enclosure to meet IP54 / IP55 protection levels (IEC 60529). Traditional technical solutions have always failed to meet these core requirements. While passively ventilated enclosures provide basic waterproofing, the actual ventilation area is less than 40%, resulting in a high thermal resistance of over 1.5°C / W, making them unable to adapt to the continuously rising power density. Forced air cooling, enclosed solutions, enhance heat dissipation through built-in fans and air conditioning systems, but incur an additional 8%-15% energy loss. The fan's mean time between failure (MTBF) is less than 50,000 hours, making it a reliability shortcoming. Furthermore, the open-pored structure poses a risk of water seepage in heavy rain. Therefore, as the integration of electrical equipment becomes higher and higher and the power density becomes higher and higher, the natural convection heat dissipation method of outdoor (outside the cabin) electrical equipment can no longer meet the heat dissipation requirements. More and more outdoor (outside the cabin) electrical equipment adopts forced convection heat dissipation or liquid cooling to reduce the device temperature.
[0003] To balance heat dissipation and waterproofing, dynamic opening and closing rain shield technology has emerged. This solution uses a temperature sensor to trigger the opening and closing of a single-layer door. However, in practice, it suffers from three drawbacks: First, when the single door is open, it cannot prevent rain from intruding at a 45° angle, allowing rainwater to flow directly through the door gap onto the internal equipment. Second, the cantilever structure with a single-point actuation significantly increases the mechanical sticking rate when the push rod load exceeds 200N. Third, the binary switch control mode (fully open / fully closed) lacks the ability to adjust to intermediate states, resulting in excessive ventilation under low-temperature differential conditions and insufficient heat dissipation under high-temperature differential conditions. The root cause is that existing technologies fail to overcome the impossible triangle of heat dissipation capacity, waterproofing performance, and system reliability. Increasing ventilation area inevitably weakens protection, enhancing sealing requires relying on active cooling with a high failure rate, and introducing dynamic mechanisms introduces new failure modes due to design flaws. Furthermore, if forced convection cooling is incompatible with the rainy outdoor environment (outside the cabin), it will significantly complicate the design and increase production and processing costs for the electrical equipment installation environment.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solution with adaptive temperature control capabilities, ventilation without additional energy consumption, waterproofness under all working conditions, and strong mechanical robustness. This solution needs to break through the limitations of the traditional single-door structure and achieve coordinated optimization of heat dissipation channels and waterproof barriers from the perspective of structural innovation and control strategy, providing a reliable operating environment for high-power equipment such as wind turbine converters and energy storage PCS. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a waterproof ventilation box with intelligent opening and closing and a control method thereof, so as to provide a good working environment for high-power electrical equipment, simplify production and processing costs, and improve the reliability and safety of the equipment.
[0006] On the one hand, a waterproof ventilation box with intelligent opening and closing is provided, comprising: Box; A waterproof door and a ventilation door installed on the side of the box, wherein the waterproof door is located at the outermost side and is connected to the box through a top waterproof door hinge, and the ventilation door is located inside the waterproof door and is connected to the box through a bottom ventilation door hinge; An actuator, comprising an electric push rod and a linkage assembly, for synchronously driving the waterproof door and the ventilation door to rotate in opposite directions to achieve closing; A temperature sensor is provided inside the box to monitor the ambient temperature; The waterproof door and the ventilation door form a gap of a specific size when in a closed state.
[0007] Furthermore, the linkage assembly includes a bracket, a slider, a waterproof door hinge component and a ventilation door hinge component, and the electric push rod drives the slider to move in a slide groove on the waterproof door; The linear motion of the slider is converted into reverse rotational motion of the waterproof door and the ventilation door by the waterproof door hinge component and the ventilation door hinge component, so as to realize automatic opening and closing of the waterproof door and the ventilation door.
[0008] Furthermore, the ventilation door hinge component is hinged to the upper corner support of the ventilation door, and the waterproof door hinge component is hinged to the slider to form a double crank slider mechanism.
[0009] Furthermore, the waterproof door is a three-sided enclosure structure, including a top door panel and two side baffles. When closed, the top door panel and the two side baffles cover the top and both sides of the ventilation door.
[0010] Furthermore, the ventilation door is a louver structure, and the louvers are slanted downward and outward, so that when the waterproof door fails, rainwater cannot enter the interior of the box after being diverted by the slanted surfaces of the louvers.
[0011] Furthermore, the size of the gap formed by the waterproof door and the ventilation door in the closed state is calculated and determined based on the heat dissipation and ventilation volume requirements of the equipment inside the box.
[0012] Furthermore, the electric push rod is a self-locking structure, and the waterproof door and the ventilation door can be locked at any angle within the range of 0° to 90°.
[0013] Preferably, the stroke of the electric push rod of the self-locking structure is in linear proportion to the door opening angle, thereby realizing stepless adjustment of the door opening.
[0014] On the other hand, a control method for intelligently opening and closing a waterproof ventilation box based on the above method is provided, comprising: Set temperature thresholds based on internally installed equipment power and actual operating test data and differential temperature , the return temperature It is used to establish a temperature hysteresis interval between the opening and closing actions of the actuator, and collect the ambient temperature in the box through the temperature sensor ; According to the collected ambient temperature The size controls the opening and closing of the waterproof door and the ventilation door, wherein, like , controlling the actuator to open the waterproof door and the ventilation door; like , controlling the actuator to close the waterproof door and the ventilation door; The box remains waterproof and ventilated when the door is open or closed.
[0015] Furthermore, the temperature threshold The setting range is ,at this time , based on the temperature threshold Setting hierarchical control further includes: Set the number of classification levels , set the temperature threshold The setting range is Divide equally into Continuous sub-intervals, configure the corresponding opening angle for each sub-interval , ,satisfy ; like fall into Divided subintervals, controlling the actuator to open the waterproof door and the ventilation door to angle; like , the opening angle is 90°.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: It adapts to a wide range of outdoor (outside cabin) temperatures, including -40°C to +55°C, rain, snow, and other weather conditions. It intelligently adjusts the opening and closing of the waterproof and ventilation doors, as well as the degree of ventilation, based on the ambient temperature inside the enclosure. This, in turn, regulates the ventilation volume for forced convection heat transfer, ensuring that electrical equipment always operates within the most comfortable temperature range. The waterproof and ventilation door mechanisms and control methods offer wide applicability, low production and processing costs, minimal implementation complexity, and high engineering value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of an intelligently opened and closed waterproof ventilation box door of the present invention in an open state; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a closed state of a waterproof ventilation box door that can be opened and closed intelligently according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a waterproof door of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an example diagram of the hierarchical control logic of a waterproof door and a ventilation door according to the present invention.
[0018] Reference numerals 1: box; 2: Waterproof door; 2-1: Waterproof door hinge; 2-2: Waterproof door upper slide; 2-3: Waterproof door side baffle; 3: Ventilation door; 3-1: Ventilation door hinge; 3-2: Ventilation door upper corner support, 3-3: Ventilation door upper louver; 4: Actuator; 4-1: Electric push rod; 4-2: Bracket; 4-3: Waterproof door hinge; 4-4: Ventilation door hinge; 4-5: Slider; 5: Temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0020] The present invention provides an installation box for outdoor (outside the cabin) high-power electrical equipment and a control method thereof, which can intelligently reduce the ventilation resistance of forced convection heat exchange according to the ambient temperature in the box while meeting the requirements of waterproofing and ventilation.
[0021] The specific implementation of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0022] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a technical solution for a waterproof ventilation box with intelligent opening and closing for high-power electrical equipment, including: Box 1; A waterproof door 2 and a ventilation door 3 are installed on the side of the box, wherein the waterproof door 2 is located at the outermost side and connected to the box 1 through a top waterproof door hinge 2-1, and the ventilation door 3 is located inside the waterproof door 2 and connected to the box 1 through a bottom ventilation door hinge 3-1; The actuator 4 includes an electric push rod 4-1 and a linkage assembly, which is used to synchronously drive the waterproof door 2 and the ventilation door 3 to rotate in opposite directions to achieve closing; A temperature sensor 5 is provided inside the box 1 to monitor the ambient temperature; The waterproof door 2 and the ventilation door 3 form a gap of a specific size when they are closed.
[0023] The linkage assembly includes a bracket 4-2, a slider 4-5, a waterproof door hinge component 4-3 and a ventilation door hinge component 4-4. The electric push rod 4-1 drives the slider 4-5 to move in the sliding groove on the waterproof door 2; The linear motion of the slider 4-5 is converted into the reverse rotational motion of the waterproof door 2 and the ventilation door 3 by the waterproof door hinge component 4-3 and the ventilation door hinge component 4-4, so as to realize the automatic opening and closing of the waterproof door 2 and the ventilation door 3.
[0024] The ventilation door hinge member 4-4 is hinged to the ventilation door upper corner support point 3-2, and the waterproof door hinge member 4-3 is hinged to the slider 4-5 to form a double crank slider mechanism.
[0025] The electric push rod 4-1 is a self-locking structure, and can lock the waterproof door 2 and the ventilation door 3 at any angle within the range of 0° to 90°. Figure 1 As shown, the fully closed state (opening angle: 0°) is as follows Figure 2 shown.
[0026] The stroke of the electric push rod 4-1 of the self-locking structure is in linear proportion to the door opening angle, thereby realizing stepless adjustment of the door opening.
[0027] The waterproof door 2 is installed on the outermost side of the box body 1 and is a three-sided enclosure structure, including a top door panel and two side panels 2-3. Figure 3 As shown, when closed, the top door panel and the two side baffles 2 - 3 cover the top and both sides of the ventilation door 3 .
[0028] The ventilation door 3 is a louver structure, and the louvers thereof are slanted downward and outward, so that when the waterproof door 2 fails, rainwater cannot enter the interior of the box body 1 after being diverted by the slanted surface of the louvers.
[0029] The size of the gap formed by the waterproof door 2 and the ventilation door 3 in the closed state is determined by calculation based on the heat dissipation and ventilation requirements of the equipment inside the box 1. In this embodiment, a gap of no less than 50 mm is set between them.
[0030] Based on the above box structure, we provide a control method for intelligently opening and closing a waterproof ventilation box, including: Set temperature thresholds based on internally installed equipment power and actual operating test data and differential temperature , the return temperature It is used to establish a temperature hysteresis interval between the opening and closing actions of the actuator, and collect the ambient temperature in the box through the temperature sensor ; According to the collected ambient temperature The size controls the opening and closing of the waterproof door and the ventilation door, wherein, like , controlling the actuator to open the waterproof door and the ventilation door; like , controlling the actuator to close the waterproof door and the ventilation door; The box remains waterproof and ventilated when the door is open or closed.
[0031] Wherein, the temperature threshold The setting range is ,at this time , based on the temperature threshold Setting hierarchical control further includes: Set the number of classification levels , set the temperature threshold The setting range is Divide equally into Continuous sub-intervals, configure the corresponding opening angle for each sub-interval , ,satisfy ; like fall into Divided subintervals, controlling the actuator to open the waterproof door and the ventilation door to angle; like , the opening angle is 90°.
[0032] Figure 4 This is an intelligent control situation provided by this embodiment. 、 , set to increase one grading interval every 1°C, and each interval opening increases by 10°, that is, When the waterproof door and ventilation door are opened 10°; When the waterproof door and ventilation door are opened 20°; Similarly, when Tin≥40℃, the waterproof door and ventilation door should be opened 90°.
[0033] It should be noted that the steps in the intelligent opening and closing waterproof ventilation box control method provided in this embodiment can be implemented based on the corresponding modules in the intelligent opening and closing waterproof ventilation box, and those skilled in the art can refer to the technical solution of the system to implement the step flow of the method, that is, the embodiments in the system can be understood as preferred examples for implementing the method, which will not be elaborated here.
[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. All technical solutions based on the principles of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention, which are apparent to those skilled in the art, should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0035] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
Claims
1. A waterproof ventilation box with intelligent opening and closing, characterized in that: include: Box; A waterproof door and a ventilation door installed on the side of the box, wherein the waterproof door is located at the outermost side and is connected to the box through a top waterproof door hinge, and the ventilation door is located inside the waterproof door and is connected to the box through a bottom ventilation door hinge; An actuator, comprising an electric push rod and a linkage assembly, for synchronously driving the waterproof door and the ventilation door to rotate in opposite directions to achieve closing; A temperature sensor is provided inside the box to monitor the ambient temperature; The waterproof door and the ventilation door form a gap of a specific size when in a closed state.
2. The intelligently opened and closed waterproof ventilation box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage assembly includes a bracket, a slider, a waterproof door hinge component and a ventilation door hinge component, and the electric push rod drives the slider to move in the sliding groove on the waterproof door; The linear motion of the slider is converted into reverse rotational motion of the waterproof door and the ventilation door by the waterproof door hinge component and the ventilation door hinge component, so as to realize automatic opening and closing of the waterproof door and the ventilation door.
3. The waterproof ventilation box with intelligent opening and closing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The ventilation door hinge component is hinged to the upper corner support of the ventilation door, and the waterproof door hinge component is hinged to the slider to form a double crank slider mechanism.
4. The intelligently opened and closed waterproof ventilation box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof door is a three-sided enclosure structure, including a top door panel and two side baffles. When closed, the top door panel and the two side baffles cover the top and both sides of the ventilation door.
5. The intelligently opened and closed waterproof ventilation box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation door is a louver structure, and the louvers are slanted toward the outside and downward, so that when the waterproof door fails, rainwater cannot enter the interior of the box after being diverted by the slanted surfaces of the louvers.
6. The waterproof ventilation box with intelligent opening and closing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the gap formed by the waterproof door and the ventilation door in the closed state is calculated and determined based on the heat dissipation and ventilation volume requirements of the equipment inside the box.
7. The intelligently opened and closed waterproof ventilation box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric push rod is a self-locking structure, and the waterproof door and the ventilation door can be locked at any angle within the range of 0° to 90°.
8. The intelligently opened and closed waterproof ventilation box according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stroke of the electric push rod of the self-locking structure is in linear proportion to the door opening angle, thereby realizing stepless adjustment of the door opening.
9. A method for controlling a waterproof ventilation box with intelligent opening and closing according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Set temperature thresholds based on internally installed equipment power and actual operating test data and differential temperature , the return temperature It is used to establish a temperature hysteresis interval between the opening and closing actions of the actuator, and collect the ambient temperature in the box through the temperature sensor ; According to the collected ambient temperature The size controls the opening and closing of the waterproof door and the ventilation door, wherein, like , controlling the actuator to open the waterproof door and the ventilation door; like , controlling the actuator to close the waterproof door and the ventilation door; The box remains waterproof and ventilated when the door is open or closed.
10. The intelligent opening and closing waterproof ventilation box control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The temperature threshold The setting range is ,at this time , based on the temperature threshold Setting hierarchical control further includes: Set the number of classification levels , set the temperature threshold The setting range is Divide equally into Continuous sub-intervals, configure the corresponding opening angle for each sub-interval , ,satisfy ; like fall into Divided subintervals, controlling the actuator to open the waterproof door and the ventilation door to angle; like , the opening angle is 90°.