Rotor, rotor connection assembly, centrifuge and corresponding method

Abstract

A rotor for a centrifuge is provided. The rotor comprises: one or more sample chambers for accommodating samples; and a joint pin. The engagement pin includes a head remote therefrom. The head part sequentially comprises a first conical surface facing the remote part and a second conical surface from the remote part along a first direction; and a second conical surface facing the proximal end of the engagement pin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to various embodiments, including centrifuge rotors, rotor engagement assemblies for engaging a rotor with a centrifuge motor shaft, centrifuges, and rotor installation and removal methods. Generally speaking, this specification relates to an automated locking system for mounting a rotor to a centrifuge, as well as various components of the system and corresponding methods for using the assembly. Reference to the locking system encompasses one or more of the following: a rotor; a rotor body; a rotor adapter; a rotor connection assembly; a centrifuge; and any other component involved in axially securing a rotor. Background Art

[0002] During use, it is often necessary to remove and install the rotor from the centrifuge. This may be to change the size of the sample container that can be accommodated in the rotor, to load or remove a pre-filled rotor, or for any other purpose. Centrifuges can be categorized according to their size and the size of the sample containers they are expected to accommodate. For example, a "microliter" centrifuge can be sized and configured to handle microliter tubes, such as test tubes with a size of 0.2ml to 2.0ml. On the other hand, a "general purpose" centrifuge can be used for larger capacity test tubes, such as 5ml, 10ml, 15ml, or even up to 250ml or 500ml test tubes. Centrifuges can also be categorized according to the speed at which they operate optimally. For example, an "ultracentrifuge" can provide speeds of up to 150,000rpm.

[0003] Conventional locking assemblies require user manipulation to install or remove the rotor. For example, microliter rotors are typically locked to the centrifuge motor shaft using a nut. Universal rotors can also be locked to the motor shaft using a nut or another type of fastening assembly. However, these fastening assemblies typically require the user to manipulate the assembly, such as pressing a button, before installing and / or removing the rotor from the centrifuge.

[0004] WO 2012 / 059151A1 discloses a rotor with a locking system comprising locking rods that engage a profiled drive shaft, thereby securing the rotor axially. The locking rods are biased toward a position free from the profiled drive shaft to facilitate installation and removal of the rotor from the profiled drive shaft. Rotational force generates centrifugal force, which drives the locking rods into engagement with the profiled drive shaft. This means that when the rotor is rotating at low speed or stationary, nothing is available to secure it axially. Consequently, the rotor may be inadvertently improperly installed on the profiled drive shaft.

[0005] US Pat. No. 8,678,987 B2 discloses a universal rotor locking system. This system includes coupling assemblies biased by compression springs to secure the rotor axially. To disengage these coupling assemblies for rotor installation or removal, a drive assembly must be inserted along the central axis. This method of rotor installation and removal is time-consuming.

[0006] US Pat. No. 9,782,783 B2 discloses another rotor locking system. This system includes rollers that move radially outward as the rotor rotates. Guideways guide the rollers' axial movement as they move radially outward. This axial movement then forces a coupling assembly into a position that secures the rotor axially. Again, this axial locking only works when the rotor is rotating at a sufficient angular velocity and not when the rotor is stationary or rotating at a low speed.

[0007] DE 69910220T2 discloses another rotor locking system. A locking subassembly is mounted around the neck. This subassembly expands radially during rotation to engage the rotor and neck, preventing axial movement. As mentioned above, this axial restraint only takes effect when the rotor is rotating at a sufficient angular velocity; it does not take effect when the rotor is stationary or operating at low speeds.

[0008] Eppendorf Himac Technologies Co., Ltd.'s ultracentrifuges also feature a locking system. Similarly, this axial restraint only activates when the rotor reaches a sufficient speed; it does not activate when the rotor is stationary or operating at low speeds. Furthermore, the restraining force provided is relatively low, so the rotor must be rotated in a vacuum to minimize the resulting lift.

[0009] Therefore, there is a need for an improved automatic locking assembly for centrifuge rotors. Summary of the Invention

[0010] According to claim 1, the present invention provides a centrifuge rotor that can be quickly installed in or removed from a centrifuge while remaining axially fixed.

[0011] The rotor may comprise a rotor body having one or more sample chambers and a rotor adapter having coupling pins; the rotor adapter can be easily mounted to the rotor body. A single rotor adapter can be used with different rotor bodies. Different rotor bodies may differ in the size and / or number of chambers. In this regard, the rotor adapter enables a variety of rotors to be used with a centrifuge. The rotor adapter can be an integral part of the rotor body or a separate component. Integrally formed rotor adapters are particularly suitable for rotor bodies made of metal, while separate rotor adapters are more suitable for rotor bodies made of plastic. However, various types of rotor bodies are not limited to using the aforementioned rotor adapters.

[0012] The dowel pin can be arranged in the center of the rotor. This means that the rotor can rotate around this center dowel pin.

[0013] The engaging pin may further comprise (in order from the second conical surface along the first direction): a receiving portion; and a base portion, wherein the width of the receiving portion is smaller than the width of the base portion and the head portion. The base portion can be used to assist the rotor in axial positioning.

[0014] The base portion may include a tapered surface facing the distal end of the engagement pin. The tapered surface may guide the rotor to a specific axial position.

[0015] The first cone has a smaller inclination angle than the second. This means that less force is required to install the rotor (overcoming the shallower cone) than to remove it (overcoming the steeper cone). The shallower cone also helps prevent stick-slip, vibration, or seizure. The steeper cone helps distribute the locking force across the pivot arm while the centrifuge is in operation.

[0016] The dowel pin is rotationally symmetrical, so that the rotor does not need to worry about the rotational alignment of the dowel pin and the receiving cavity when it is installed.

[0017] The cross section of the dowel pin can be circular. The circular dowel pin can facilitate the installation of the rotor.

[0018] The cross-section of the dowel pin can be polygonal, which is particularly suitable for transmitting torque from the motor shaft to the rotor. As described below, such polygonal dowel pins do not need to strictly meet the definition of polygon to facilitate torque transmission between the motor shaft and the rotor.

[0019] According to claim 8, the present invention provides a rotor connection assembly that allows a motor shaft to be connected to the rotor.

[0020] The rotor connection assembly may further include a plurality of pivot arms; each arm is biased to extend into the receiving cavity to engage with an engagement pin in the receiving cavity, thereby fixing the rotor axially. The use of a plurality of pivot arms can achieve a more stable axial fixation of the rotor.

[0021] The plurality of pivot arms can be arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner around the receiving cavity. The rotational symmetry of the pivot arms can effectively balance the forces exerted on the engagement pins, thereby facilitating the centering of the rotor.

[0022] Each pivot arm may include: a first end, which is extended into the receiving cavity by the biasing force and is used to engage the engaging pin in the receiving cavity to achieve axial fixation of the rotor; a second end opposite to the first end; and a pivot point located between the first end and the second end, wherein each pivot arm is pivotally connected to the rotor connection assembly at the pivot point, and the center of gravity of each pivot arm is located between the pivot point and the second end. This configuration means that when the rotor connection assembly rotates, the centrifugal force will drive the second end to move outward, thereby causing the first end to move inward to clamp the engaging pin. Therefore, when the centrifuge is running, a stronger axial fixing force can be provided.

[0023] Each pivot arm can be equipped with a counterweight at or near its second end. This counterweight increases the mass of the pivot arm at or near the second end—that is, between the pivot point and the second end. This additional mass is acted upon by centrifugal force, further enhancing the axial securing force during centrifuge operation. This counterweight also means that the center of gravity of the pivot arm is radially outward from the center. This increases the effective diameter of the pivot arm over which force is applied, thereby increasing the axial securing force.

[0024] Each pivot arm can comprise the groove that is used to accommodate a dowel pin part, and as preferred version, each groove is all the depression that is used to accommodate apex between dowel pin first conical surface and the second conical surface.This forming groove can improve the holding force of pivot arm to dowel pin in the engaging position.

[0025] The rotor connection assembly may also include a torque transfer assembly for transferring the rotation of the motor shaft to the rotor in the engaged position. This means that no separate transfer device is required to drive the rotor to rotate.

[0026] The torque transfer assembly may include one or more protrusions for engaging corresponding cavities on the rotor, or vice versa. That is, the protrusions may be located on the torque transfer assembly or on the rotor. In some examples, both the torque transfer assembly and the rotor include cavities, into which torque transfer pins are inserted. This is an efficient way to transfer torque to the rotor.

[0027] According to claim 13, the present invention provides a centrifuge rotor that allows for quick installation and removal of the rotor from the centrifuge.

[0028] According to claim 14, the present invention provides a method for mounting a rotor to a centrifuge. This is a quick and easy method for mounting a rotor to a centrifuge.

[0029] According to claim 15, the present invention provides a method for disassembling a rotor from a centrifuge. This is a quick and easy method for disassembling a rotor from a centrifuge.

[0030] Another rotor for a centrifuge is also provided. For example, this may be an alternative configuration to the rotor described above. The rotor comprises one or more sample cavities for holding a sample; a receiving cavity for receiving a centrifuge motor shaft in an engaged position; and a pivoting arm biased into the receiving cavity for engaging the motor shaft within the receiving cavity, thereby axially securing the rotor in the engaged position. This rotor can be quickly installed and removed from a centrifuge while maintaining axial stability.

[0031] The rotor may further comprise a plurality of pivot arms, each arm being biased to extend into a receiving cavity to engage the motor shaft within the receiving cavity, thereby securing the rotor axially. Utilizing a plurality of pivot arms allows for a more secure axial fixation of the rotor.

[0032] The plurality of pivot arms may be arranged in rotational symmetry about the receiving cavity. The rotational symmetry of the pivot arms effectively balances the forces applied to the motor shaft, thereby helping to center the rotor.

[0033] Each pivot arm may include: a first end, which is biased to extend into the receiving cavity and is used to engage the motor shaft in the receiving cavity to achieve axial fixation of the rotor; a second end opposite the first end; and a pivot point located between the first end and the second end, wherein each pivot arm is pivotally connected to the rotor at the pivot point, and the center of gravity of each pivot arm is located between the pivot point and the second end. This configuration means that when the rotor rotates, centrifugal force will drive the second end to move outward, thereby causing the first end to move inward to clamp the engagement pin. Therefore, a stronger axial fixing force can be provided when the centrifuge is in operation.

[0034] Each pivot arm can rotate about an axis of rotation perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, which can facilitate the engagement and separation of the rotor and the rotor connection assembly.

[0035] Each pivot arm may be provided with a counterweight at or near its second end. The counterweight serves to increase the mass of the pivot arm at or near the second end—that is, between the pivot point and the second end. This additional mass is acted upon by centrifugal force, further enhancing the axial securing force during centrifuge operation.

[0036] Each pivot arm may include a recess for receiving a portion of the motor shaft. Preferably, each recess is a shaped depression configured to precisely receive the vertex between the first and second tapered surfaces of the motor shaft. In the engaged position, the shaped recess significantly enhances the grip of the pivot arms on the motor shaft.

[0037] The rotor may also include a torque transfer assembly for transferring the rotational motion of the motor shaft to the rotor in the engaged position. This means that no separate transfer device is required to drive the rotor in rotation.

[0038] The rotor may include one or more protrusions for engaging corresponding grooves on the motor shaft, or vice versa. In other words, the protrusions may be provided on the rotor or on the motor shaft. In a specific embodiment, both the rotor and the motor shaft are provided with grooves, into which torque-transmitting pins are inserted. This is an effective means of transmitting torque to the rotor.

[0039] The rotor may comprise a rotor body having one or more sample chambers, and a rotor adapter having a receiving chamber and various pivot arms; the adapter is detachably connected to the rotor body. A single rotor adapter may be suitable for different rotor bodies. Different rotor bodies may differ in the size and / or number of chambers. In this regard, the rotor adapter enables a variety of rotors to be used with a centrifuge. The rotor adapter may be an integral part of the rotor body or a separate component. Integrally formed rotor adapters are particularly suitable for rotor bodies made of metal, while separate rotor adapters are more suitable for rotor bodies made of plastic. However, the various types of rotor bodies are not limited to the use of the aforementioned rotor adapters.

[0040] The receiving cavity can be arranged in the center of the rotor. This means that the rotor can rotate around this central receiving cavity.

[0041] The present invention provides a centrifuge. The centrifuge includes a motor shaft for transmitting rotational motion to a rotor. The motor shaft includes a head located at a distal end thereof. The head has, in order from the distal end in a first direction, a first tapered surface facing the distal end and a second tapered surface facing the proximal end of the motor shaft. The centrifuge allows for rapid installation and removal of the rotor.

[0042] The motor shaft may further include, starting from the second conical surface along the first direction: a receiving portion; and a base portion, wherein the width of the receiving portion is smaller than the widths of the base portion and the head portion. The base portion may be used to assist in axial positioning of the rotor.

[0043] The base portion may include a tapered surface facing distally of the motor shaft.

[0044] The first conical surface has a smaller inclination angle than the second conical surface. This means that the force required to install the rotor (overcoming the flatter conical surface) is less than the force required to remove the rotor (overcoming the steeper conical surface).

[0045] The motor shaft can be a rotationally symmetrical structure. This design allows the rotor to be installed without having to consider the rotation angle alignment between the motor shaft and the receiving cavity.

[0046] The motor shaft can be circular in cross section. The circular dowel pin can facilitate the installation of the rotor.

[0047] The cross section of the motor shaft may be polygonal, which is particularly suitable for transmitting the torque of the motor shaft to the rotor. As described below, such polygonal engagement pins do not need to strictly conform to the definition of polygons to facilitate torque transmission between the motor shaft and the rotor.

[0048] The present invention provides a centrifuge comprising the features described herein and a rotor as described herein, wherein the centrifuge can allow the rotor to be quickly installed and removed from the centrifuge.

[0049] A method for mounting a rotor to a centrifuge is provided, comprising the steps of: providing a centrifuge as described herein; providing a rotor as described herein; and inserting a motor shaft into a receiving cavity so that each pivot arm engages the motor shaft, thereby axially securing the rotor. This method provides a quick and easy method for mounting a rotor to a centrifuge.

[0050] A method for removing a rotor from a centrifuge is provided. The rotor and / or centrifuge may be as described herein. A motor shaft is received within a coupling cavity, and each pivot arm engages the motor shaft, thereby axially securing the rotor. The method includes the steps of lifting the rotor axially, engaging the second conical surface and moving each pivot arm against its biasing force. This method provides a quick and easy method for removing a rotor from a centrifuge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] This description refers to the accompanying drawings by way of example only:

[0052] Figure 1 a cross-sectional perspective view showing a portion of the centrifuge rotor, rotor connection assembly, and motor shaft;

[0053] Figure 2 show Figure 1 An exploded perspective view of the central rotor, rotor connection assembly, and motor shaft;

[0054] Figure 3 show Figure 1 A cross-sectional side view of the mid-rotor adapter;

[0055] Figure 4 a perspective cross-section showing another rotor and another motor shaft of the centrifuge;

[0056] Figure 5 show Figure 4 Exploded perspective view of the central rotor and motor shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] This specification describes two main examples of rotor locking systems. Unless otherwise explicitly stated, any disclosure related to one example is also applicable to the other example, with appropriate modifications.

[0058] Figures 1 to 3A first example of a centrifuge rotor locking system assembly is shown. A rotor 10 and a rotor adapter 12 are shown.

[0059] The rotor adapter 12 can be mounted to the rotor body of the centrifuge rotor 10. In some embodiments, the rotor adapter 12 can be permanently fixed to the rotor body. Alternatively, the rotor adapter 12 can be removably mounted to the rotor body, i.e., the rotor adapter 12, allowing for non-destructive installation and removal. In further embodiments, the rotor adapter 12 can be integral / unitary with the rotor body. Figure 3 The rotor adapter 12 is shown in an isolated side cross-sectional view; details of the rotor adapter 12 are clearly visible.

[0060] Since the rotor adapter 12 is a component of the rotor 10 , all features of the rotor adapter 12 can be described as features of the rotor 10 . Likewise, any description of features of the rotor adapter 12 is also a feature of the rotor 10 .

[0061] The rotor 10 also includes one or more sample cavities for accommodating samples. These one or more sample cavities may be located within the rotor body. The sample may be a sample tube. The sample may be any suitable sample suitable for processing in a centrifuge. The centrifuge may be a microliter centrifuge for processing corresponding microliter samples. Alternatively, the centrifuge may be a general-purpose centrifuge or an ultracentrifuge. The sample cavity of the rotor 10 may be sized and shaped to correspond to the sample or sample tube for which it is intended to be used.

[0062] The rotor 10 includes a coupling pin 14. The coupling pin 14 may be located in the rotor adapter 12. The coupling pin 14 extends axially from the rotor 10. The coupling pin 14 has a proximal end 14A that is adjacent to or extends from the rotor 10. The coupling pin 14 also has a distal end 14B that is distal to the rotor 10. The coupling pin 14 may typically be formed in the shape of a shaft.

[0063] The cross-section of the engaging pin 14 may be circular. However, the cross-section of the engaging pin 14 may also include one or more straight sections. For example, the cross-section of the engaging pin 14 may be roughly polygonal (such as a hexagon). This is not limited to a strict polygon (i.e., no curved edges). On the contrary, the cross-section edges of the engaging pin 14 may include one or more straight edges and / or corners. This polygonal arrangement can transmit torque to the rotor 10 through the engaging pin 14. The cross-sectional shape of the engaging pin 14 along its length does not have to be the same. For example, the proximal end 14A or the distal end 14B may have a cross-sectional shape different from that of the other parts. For example, in the axial direction, the engaging pin 14 may be rotationally symmetrical.

[0064] At the distal end 14B of the engaging pin 14 is the head 15. The head 15 may be the most distal component of the engaging pin 14. The head 15 includes a first tapered surface 15A closest to the distal end 14B of the engaging pin 14; the tapered surface faces the distal end 14B. That is, the outer diameter of the engaging pin 14 gradually decreases from the proximal end 14A toward the distal end 14B. The head 15 also includes a second tapered surface 15B toward the proximal end 14A of the engaging pin 14. That is, for the second tapered surface 15B, the outer diameter of the engaging pin 14 gradually decreases from the distal end 14B toward the proximal end 14A. Starting from the distal end 14B of the engaging pin 14, the head 15 first includes the first tapered surface 15A and then includes the second tapered surface 15B. Due to the head 15, the first cone 15A and the second cone 15B, the engaging pin 14 may be commonly referred to as a special-shaped pin.

[0065] In other words, when moving from the remote end 14B to the proximal end 14A of the engaging pin 14, the outer diameter of the head 15 first increases with the first tapered surface 15A and then decreases with the second tapered surface 15B. A vertex or angle may be formed between the first tapered surface 15A and the second tapered surface 15B. The vertex may be the portion where the outer diameter of the head 15 is the largest.

[0066] The axial length of the first conical surface 15A may be greater than that of the second conical surface 15B. The inclination of the first conical surface 15A may be more gradual than that of the second conical surface 15B. In other words, the taper angle of the first conical surface 15A may be more gradual (or smaller) than that of the second conical surface 15B. For example, the taper angle of the first conical surface 15A may be between 20° and 30°, such as 24°. The taper angle of the second conical surface 15B may be between 40° and 50°, such as 45°. Figure 3 The rotor adapter is shown in an isolated side cross-section. The various tapered surfaces are clearly visible.

[0067] The engagement pin 14 may be located at the center of the rotor 10. For example, the rotor 10 may be generally circular, with the engagement pin 14 located at its center. The rotor adapter 12 may be located at the center of the rotor 10, with the engagement pin 14 located at the center of the rotor adapter 12.

[0068] In use, the engagement pin 14 is gripped by the arm 32 to secure the rotor 10 axially to the centrifuge.

[0069] This joint pin 14 can also comprise base portion 14D at the proximal end 14A of this joint pin 14. Receiving portion 14C can be set between this head 15 and this base portion 14D. The diameter of this receiving portion 14C can be less than this head 15 and / or this base portion 14D. This base portion 14D can comprise the conical surface towards this joint pin 14 remote ends 14B to this receiving portion 14C. The conical surface of this base portion 14D, its cone angle can be identical or different with first conical surface 15A and / or second conical surface 15B. In fact, this receiving portion 14C can form groove on this joint pin 14.

[0070] In other words, from the second tapered surface 15B toward the distal end 14A of the engaging pin 14 , the engaging pin 14 further includes the receiving portion 14C and the base portion 14D.

[0071] In addition, a rotor connection assembly 30 is provided. The rotor connection assembly 30 is essentially a conduit between the rotor 10 and the centrifuge motor shaft 40. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the rotor coupling assembly 30 can be separated from the motor shaft 40. In these examples, the rotor coupling assembly 30 can be fixed to the motor shaft 40, such as by a cylindrical screw 42. In an alternative embodiment, the rotor coupling assembly 30 can be an integral / unitary structure with the motor shaft 40.

[0072] The rotor connection assembly 30 includes a receiving cavity 31. In use, the receiving cavity 31 receives the engagement pin 14 of the rotor 10. When the engagement pin 14 is fully inserted into the receiving cavity 31, it is called the engaged position. The receiving cavity 31 can be generally located at the center of the rotor connection assembly 30.

[0073] The rotor connection assembly 30 is provided with one or more pivot arms 32. Figures 1 to 3 Two arms 32 are shown, but the number of arms 32 is not limited. These arms 32 are designated as pivotable because they are pivotally mounted to the body of the rotor connection assembly 30. Each pivot arm 32 can pivot about an axis of rotation. This axis can be any suitable axis. In a specific example, the axis of rotation of each pivot arm 32 can be perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor. These axes of rotation do not need to intersect, and typically do not.

[0074] Each arm 32 may be biased to extend into the receiving cavity 31. For example, Figures 1 to 3 It shows how the receiving cavity 31 extends axially and has one or more radial holes connected to the axial receiving cavity 31. Each arm 32 can extend into the receiving cavity 31 through such radial holes. Each arm 32 is biased to extend into the engagement pin 31 to engage the engagement pin 14 of the rotor 10, thereby axially fixing the rotor 10. For example, each arm 32 can clamp the engagement pin 14 of the rotor 10. The biasing force can be provided by one or more biasing members 36 acting on the arm 32. That is, the arm 32 can be biased to extend into the receiving cavity 31 by one or more biasing members 36. Each arm 32 can have a corresponding biasing member 36 in contact with it. In other examples, the arm 32 may not be biased in this direction, or may even be subject to a biasing force in the opposite direction. Each biasing member 36 can be a spring.

[0075] In certain examples, each arm 32 may include a pivot point 35. Each arm 32 may be pivotally connected to the body of the rotor connection assembly 30 at the pivot point 35, for example, such that the arm 32 pivots about the point. Examples of pivot points 35 include Figures 1 to 3 The hole 35 is shown. The hole 35 receives the pivot pin 34; the pivot pin 34 can be fixed to the body of the rotor connection assembly 30. Each arm 32 can include a first end 33A and a second end 33B, with the second end 33B opposite the first end 33A. The pivot point 35 can be located between the first end 33A and the second end 33B.

[0076] The first end 33A of the arm 32 may extend into the receiving cavity 31 to engage the engagement pin 14. For each pivoting arm 32, its center of gravity may be located between the pivot point 35 and the second end 33B. This may be achieved by providing a counterweight portion at or near the second end 33B. For example, the counterweight portion may be physically larger (e.g., Figure 2 Alternatively, or in addition, the counterweight portion may be constructed of a denser material than the first end 33A. Of course, the pivot point 35 need not be located in the middle of the arm 32; thus, even for a uniform arm 32, its center of gravity may be located between the pivot point 35 and the second end 33B.

[0077] In the embodiment where multiple arms 32 are provided, the arms may be arranged rotationally symmetrically about the axial direction (i.e., about the receiving cavity 31, since it extends in the axial direction). That is, for an arrangement with N arms 32, the spacing between them (when viewed from above) may be (360 / N) degrees. Figure 1 and Figure 2 There are two arms 32 in the middle, so the interval between them is 180 degrees.

[0078] In some embodiments, each arm 32 may include a recess 33C. This recess 33C may be designed to accommodate a portion of the engagement pin 14. For example, this may be the vertex between the first tapered surface 15A and the second tapered surface 15B on the engagement pin 14. The recess 33C may be shaped to correspond to these features of the engagement pin 14. When in the engaged position, each arm 32 may be axially aligned with the receiving portion 14C of the engagement pin 14.

[0079] The rotor connection assembly 30 may further include a torque transfer assembly for transferring the rotation of the motor shaft 40 to the rotor 10. For example, as described above, this can be achieved directly through the coupling pin 14, especially when the cross-section of the coupling pin 14 is not a pure circle. In one embodiment, the cross-section of the coupling pin 14 may be polygonal, and one or more corresponding surfaces may be provided in the rotor connection assembly 30 to facilitate engagement with one or more faces of the polygonal coupling pin 14. Accordingly, when the rotor connection assembly 30 rotates with the motor shaft 40, the rotor 10 is driven by this engagement. In some embodiments, the rotor connection assembly 30 may have a corresponding polygonal groove for accommodating the polygonal cross-section of the coupling pin 14.

[0080] Alternatively, torque transfer may be achieved via one or more protrusions on the rotor connection assembly 30; these protrusions are received in corresponding cavities in the rotor 10. Alternatively, these protrusions may be located on the rotor 10 and received in one or more cavities in the rotor connection assembly 30. Figure 2 In the embodiment, a torque pin 19 is provided as a protrusion, thereby allowing torque to be transmitted from the motor shaft 40 to the rotor connection assembly 30 and then to the rotor 10 to rotate the rotor 10.

[0081] The present invention also provides a centrifuge including a motor shaft 40. Also provided are the rotor 10 and the rotor connection assembly 30. The aforementioned components can be assembled together into a kit.

[0082] During use, the rotor connection assembly 30 is fixed to the motor shaft 40, for example, by means of a cylindrical screw 42. This means that when the motor shaft 40 rotates, the rotor connection assembly 30 also rotates. Any other connection method that allows the rotor connection assembly 30 to rotate with the motor shaft 40 is also contemplated. For example, the rotation of the rotor connection assembly 30 can be driven by frictional engagement and / or engaging surfaces. The motor shaft 40 can have a tapered distal end that engages with a corresponding tapered surface of the rotor connection assembly 30. The close contact between the motor shaft 40 and the rotor connection assembly 30 means that the rotation of the motor shaft is transmitted to the rotor engagement assembly 30 and, in turn, to the rotor 10 via this tapered contact.

[0083] When the rotor 10 is not installed, the arms 32 extend into the receiving cavity 31. In the central cavity, the gap between the arms 32 may be smaller than the diameter of the engaging pin 14. In particular, it is smaller than the diameter of the head 15 of the engaging pin 14, especially the diameter of the apex of the head 15. The arms 32 are held in this position within the receiving cavity 31 by a biasing force.

[0084] The rotor 10 is then introduced. The rotor 10 is mounted to the centrifuge by inserting the engagement pin 14 into the receiving cavity 31. For example, the rotor 10 can be held axially above the motor shaft 40 and the rotor connection assembly 30 to align the engagement pin 14 with the receiving cavity 31. The rotor 10 is then lowered axially. When the engagement pin 14 enters the receiving cavity 31, it engages with the first end 33A of the arm 32. When the engagement pin 14 engages the arm 32, it forces the arm 32 to move outward from the receiving cavity 31, overcoming the biasing force.

[0085] Particularly, the first end 33A of arm 32 will first contact first conical surface 15A. The direction of first conical surface 15A will gradually push arm 32 to overcome its biasing force. Therefore, arm 32 will initially resist this engagement pin 14 and insert this receiving cavity 31.

[0086] As the engaging pin 14 continues to be inserted into the receiving cavity 31, the first end 33A of the arm 32 will contact the second tapered surface 15B. The direction of the second tapered surface 15B is opposite to that of the first tapered surface 15B. Therefore, as the engaging pin 14 is further inserted into the receiving cavity 31, the arm 32 will be allowed to move toward the inside of the receiving cavity 31 under the action of its biasing force. This means that the arm 32 will pull the engaging pin 14 into the receiving cavity 31.

[0087] Then, the engagement pin 14 will be completely received in the cavity and the rotor 10 will be in the engaged position. In this position, the first end 33A of the arm 33 can be axially aligned with the receiving portion 14C. In the example with a further tapered surface of the base portion 14D, the biasing force of the arm 32 can maintain the engagement pin 14 in this position.

[0088] Therefore, the rotor 10 can be kept axially fixed in the engaged position. Axial movement of the rotor 10 will force the first end 33A of the arm 32 to move out of the receiving cavity 31 against the biasing force of the arm 32 and thus be resisted.

[0089] Generally speaking, a method for mounting the rotor 10 to a centrifuge can be identified. This method includes the following steps: providing a centrifuge comprising the motor shaft 40 and the rotor connection assembly 30 described above. The motor shaft 40 and the rotor connection assembly 30 can be separate components, connected components, or a single structure. The rotor 10 described above is then provided. The engagement pin 14 of the rotor 10 is then inserted into the receiving cavity 31 of the rotor connection assembly 30. The insertion is continued, for example, in the manner described above, so that each pivot arm 32 engages the engagement pin 14, thereby securing the rotor 10 axially.

[0090] After the rotor 10 is mounted on the centrifuge, the centrifuge can be operated. One or more samples or sample tubes can be inserted into the sample chamber of the rotor 10. The samples are to be centrifuged.

[0091] The centrifuge is then operated. When the motor shaft 40 rotates, it drives the rotor connection assembly 30 and the rotor 10 to rotate. As the rotor connection assembly 30 rotates, centrifugal force acts on the arm 32. Because the center of gravity of the arm 32 is located between the pivot point 35 and the second end 33B, the centrifugal force pushes the second end 33B outward away from the rotor connection assembly 30. This causes the first end 33A to be pushed inward. This means that the arm 32 clamps the engagement pin 14 with greater force, further securing the rotor 10 axially during use.

[0092] Therefore, the axial fixing force applied to the rotor 10 during operation of the centrifuge is enhanced, which means that the rotor 10 will not fall off during operation.

[0093] However, the fixing force of the rotor 10 is low when it is stationary, which means that the user can easily remove the rotor 10 by hand by overcoming the force of the arms 32. This means that the rotor 10 can be removed by hand without the use of special tools or release buttons or the like.

[0094] To remove the rotor 10, the rotor 10 can be lifted, causing the engagement pin 14 to begin moving away from the rotor connection assembly 30. This will cause the arm 32 to move upward along the second tapered surface 15B. After the arm 32 passes through the second tapered surface 15B and reaches the first tapered surface 15A, the biasing force acting on the arm 32 will push the engagement pin 14 out of the receiving cavity 31.

[0095] Thus, the rotor 10 can be securely fixed during use while still being easily disassembled. For example, a microcentrifuge may generate an upward axial force of 30N to 40N acting on the rotor 10, which must be resisted by the arms 32 during operation. The centrifugal force acting on the arms 32 means that the axial force acting on the rotor 10 can be resisted, maintaining its axial fixation. After the centrifuge is stopped, the force required to lift the rotor 10 can be expected to be lower than this value. This embodiment achieves this goal.

[0096] Generally speaking, the present invention provides a method for removing a rotor 10 from a centrifuge. The rotor 10 is as described above. The centrifuge includes the motor shaft 40 and the rotor connection assembly 30 described above. The engagement pin 14 is received in the receiving cavity 31, and each pivot arm 32 engages the engagement pin 14 to axially secure the rotor 10. The method includes the steps of axially lifting the rotor 10 to engage the second conical surface 15B and to move each pivot arm 32 against its biasing force. Lifting is then continued until the engagement pin 14 is completely released from the receiving cavity 31.

[0097] Figure 4 and Figure 5 Another example of a centrifuge rotor locking system is shown. Figures 1 to 3 The examples are generally similar, unless otherwise explicitly stated, Figures 1 to 3 Any disclosure of the examples also applies to Figure 4 and Figure 5 Instance of .

[0098] The main difference between the two examples is that in the second example, the shaped pin is not the engagement pin 14 on the rotor 10, but the motor shaft 40 itself. That is, the shape of the motor shaft 40 itself (or its accessories) is similar to the engagement pin 14 described in the first example. Accordingly, the rotor connection assembly 30 is no longer required. Instead, the function of the rotor connection assembly 30 can be provided by the rotor 10. Similarly, it can be implemented directly on the rotor 10 itself, or through Figure 4 and Figure 5The rotor adapter 12 is shown as an embodiment of the present invention. The rotor adapter 12 can be permanently or removably mounted to the rotor body of the rotor 10; the rotor body contains one or more sample chambers. Alternatively, the rotor adapter 12 can be integral with the body of the rotor 10 and / or be a single component.

[0099] The rotor 10 is shown, comprising one or more sample chambers for receiving samples. The one or more sample chambers may be located within the rotor body. The sample may be a sample tube. The sample may be any suitable sample suitable for processing in a centrifuge. The centrifuge may be a microliter centrifuge for processing corresponding microliter samples. Alternatively, the centrifuge may be a general-purpose centrifuge or an ultracentrifuge. The sample chamber of the rotor 10 may be sized and shaped to correspond to the sample or sample tube for its intended use.

[0100] As mentioned above, the rotor 10 may be a single unitary body and / or a one-piece assembly. Alternatively, the rotor 10 may be composed of a rotor body and a Figure 4 and Figure 5 The rotor adapter 12 shown is composed of the rotor adapter 12. The rotor adapter 12 can be fixed to the rotor body in any suitable manner. For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 An example is shown in which the rotor adapter 12 is fixed to the rotor body by fasteners 16 (such as screws) and a panel 13. The rotor adapter 12 includes a flange; the flange extends beyond its central body. The central body can be passed through a hole in the rotor body of the rotor 10; the flange extends beyond the hole and contacts the surface of the rotor body. Then, a panel 13 is provided on the opposite side of the rotor body of the rotor 10. Fasteners are sequentially passed through the panel 13, the rotor body of the rotor 10, and finally inserted into the flange of the rotor adapter 12. Although Figure 4 and Figure 5 The panel 13 is shown, but some embodiments may not include the panel 13. Of course, other accessories may also be used.

[0101] The rotor 10 includes a receiving cavity 31. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the receiving cavity 31 can be formed in the rotor adapter 12. The receiving cavity 31 is suitable for receiving the motor shaft 40 of the centrifuge. Figure 4 The receiving cavity 31 is shown receiving the motor shaft 40 in the engaged position.

[0102] The receiving cavity 31 may be located at the center of the rotor 10. For example, the rotor 10 may be generally circular, with the receiving cavity 31 located at its center. The rotor adapter 12 may be located at the center of the rotor 10, with the receiving cavity 31 located at the center of the rotor adapter 12.

[0103] The rotor 10 includes one or more pivot arms 32. Figure 4 and Figure 5 Two arms 32 are shown, but there may be any number of arms 32. The arms 32 are identified as pivotable because they are pivotally connected to a portion of the rotor 10.

[0104] Each arm 32 may be biased to extend into the receiving cavity 31. For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the receiving cavity 31 extends axially and has one or more radial holes intersecting the axial receiving cavity 31. Each arm 32 can extend into the receiving cavity 31 through such radial holes. Each arm 32 is subjected to a biasing force to extend into the receiving cavity 31 to engage the motor shaft 40 of the centrifuge, thereby fixing the rotor 10 in the axial direction. For example, each arm 32 can clamp the motor shaft 40 of the centrifuge. The biasing force can be generated by one or more biasing members 36 (such as springs 36) acting on the arms 32. Each arm 32 can have a corresponding spring 36 in contact with it. In other examples, the arms 32 may not be subject to a biasing force in this direction, or may actually be subject to a biasing force in the opposite direction.

[0105] In certain examples, each arm 32 can include a pivot point 35 . Each arm 32 can be pivotally connected to the portion of the rotor 10 at the pivot point 35 , for example, such that the arm 32 pivots about the pivot point 35 . Figure 5 The hole 35 shown is an example of a pivot point 35. The hole 35 can accommodate a pivot pin 34; the pivot pin 34 can be fixed to the portion of the rotor 10. Each arm 32 can include a first end 33A and a second end 33B, the second end 33B being opposite the first end 33A. The pivot point 35 can be located between the first end 33A and the second end 33B.

[0106] The first end 33A of the arm 32 may be inserted into the receiving cavity 31 to engage the motor shaft 40. For each pivoting arm 32, its center of gravity may be located between the pivot point 35 and the second end 33B. This may be achieved by providing a counterweight portion at or near the second end 33B. For example, the counterweight portion may be larger (e.g., Figure 5 Alternatively, or in addition, the counterweight portion may be constructed of a denser material than the first end 33A. Of course, the pivot point 35 need not be located in the middle of the arm 32; thus, even for a uniform arm 32, its center of gravity may be located between the pivot point 35 and the second end 33B.

[0107] In the case where multiple arms 32 are provided, the arms may be arranged rotationally symmetrically about the axial direction (i.e. about the receiving cavity 31, since it extends in the axial direction). That is, for an arrangement with N arms 32, the spacing between them (when viewed from above) may be (360 / N)°. Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the middle, two arms 32 are provided so that the distance between them is 180°.

[0108] For this embodiment to function properly, the motor shaft 40 (or an attachment thereof) needs to be a shaped pin similar to the engagement pin 14 described above.

[0109] The motor shaft 40 extends axially away from the centrifuge. The motor shaft 40 has a proximal end 40A adjacent to the centrifuge. The motor shaft 40 also has a distal end 40B away from the centrifuge.

[0110] The cross-section of the motor shaft 40 may be circular. However, the motor shaft 40 may also include one or more straight sections in the cross-section. For example, the cross-section of the motor shaft 40 may be generally polygonal, such as a hexagon. This is not limited to a strict polygon (i.e., no curved edges). Instead, in the cross-section of the motor shaft 40, there may be one or more straight edges and / or corners between the edges. This polygonal arrangement allows torque to be transmitted to the rotor 10 through the motor shaft 40. The cross-sectional shape of the motor shaft 40 does not need to be the same throughout its entire length. For example, the cross-sectional shape of one or both of the proximal end 40A or the distal end 40B may be different from that of other portions of the motor shaft 40. The motor shaft 40 may be rotationally symmetric, for example, rotationally symmetric along the axial direction.

[0111] A head 45 is provided at the distal end 40B of the motor shaft 40. The head 45 may be the distalmost component of the motor shaft 40. The head 45 includes a first tapered surface 45A located closest to the distal end 40B of the motor shaft 40 and facing the distal end 40B. Specifically, the first tapered surface 45A indicates that the outer diameter of the motor shaft 40 gradually decreases from the proximal end 40A toward the distal end 40B. The head 45 further includes a second tapered surface 45B located toward the proximal end 40A of the motor shaft 40. Specifically, the second tapered surface 45B indicates that the outer diameter of the motor shaft 40 gradually decreases from the distal end 40B toward the proximal end 40A. Starting from the distal end 40B of the motor shaft 40, the head 45 first includes the first tapered surface 45A, followed by the second tapered surface 45B. Based on the head 45, the first tapered surface 45A, and the second tapered surface 45B, the motor shaft 40 may be generally referred to as a formed pin.

[0112] In other words, as the head portion 45 moves from the distal end 40B of the motor shaft 40 toward the proximal end 40A of the motor shaft 40, its outer diameter first increases along the first tapered surface 45A and then decreases along the second tapered surface 45B. A vertex or angle may be formed between the first tapered surface 45A and the second tapered surface 45B. This vertex may be the portion of the head portion 45 where the outer diameter is greatest.

[0113] The axial length of the first tapered surface 45A may be greater than that of the second tapered surface 45B. The inclination of the first tapered surface 45A may be more gradual than that of the second tapered surface 45B. In other words, the taper angle of the first tapered surface 45A may be more gradual (or smaller) than that of the second tapered surface 45B. For example, the taper angle of the first tapered surface 45A may be between 20° and 30°, such as 24°. The taper angle of the second tapered surface 45B may be between 40° and 50°, such as 45°.

[0114] In some embodiments, each arm 32 may include a groove 33C. This groove 33C may be designed to accommodate a portion of the engagement pin 40. For example, this may be the vertex between the first tapered surface 45A and the second tapered surface 45B on the engagement pin 40. The shape of the groove 33C may match the features of the motor shaft 40.

[0115] During use, the motor shaft 40 is clamped by the arms 32 to fix the rotor 10 axially to the centrifuge.

[0116] The motor shaft 40 may further include a base portion 40D at the proximal end 40A. A receiving portion 40C may be provided between the base portion 40D and the head portion 45. The diameter of the receiving portion 40C may be smaller than that of the head portion 45 and / or the base portion 40D. The base portion 40D may include a tapered surface extending from the distal end 40B of the motor shaft 40 toward the receiving portion 40C. The tapered surface of the base portion 40D may have the same or different angles as the first tapered surface 45A and / or the second tapered surface 45B. In practice, the receiving portion 40C may form a recess in the motor shaft 40. In the engaged position, each arm 32 may be axially aligned with the receiving portion 40C of the motor shaft 40.

[0117] In other words, from the second tapered surface 45B along the distal end 40A of the motor shaft 40 , the motor shaft 40 may further include a receiving portion 40C and a base portion 40D.

[0118] The present invention also provides a centrifuge including a motor shaft 40. The rotor 10 described above is also provided. The above components can be assembled together into a kit.

[0119] In use, when the motor shaft 40 rotates, the rotor 10 also rotates. This can be achieved by a torque transfer assembly that transfers the rotation of the motor shaft 40 to the rotor 10. This can also be achieved directly by the engagement of the rotor 10 with the motor shaft 40, for example, when the motor shaft 40 is not perfectly circular in cross section.

[0120] Alternatively (or simultaneously), torque transmission can be achieved by engaging one or more protrusions of the rotor 10 with corresponding grooves of the motor shaft 40. Alternatively, one or more protrusions can be provided on the motor shaft 40 and received in corresponding grooves of the rotor 10. For example, a torque pin 19 ( Figure 4 and 5(not shown) as a protrusion, thereby allowing torque to be transmitted from the motor shaft 40 to the rotor 10 to drive the same to rotate.

[0121] When the rotor 10 is not installed, the arms 32 extend into the receiving cavity 31. Within the central cavity, the distance between the arms 32 can be smaller than the diameter of the motor shaft 40. In particular, the distance between the arms 32 is smaller than the diameter of the head 45 (particularly the apex) of the motor shaft 40. The arms 32 are held in this position within the receiving cavity 31 by a biasing force.

[0122] The rotor 10 is then introduced. The rotor 10 is installed in the centrifuge by inserting the motor shaft 40 into the receiving cavity 31. For example, the rotor 10 can be axially secured above the motor shaft 40 so that the motor shaft 40 is aligned with the receiving cavity 31. The rotor 10 is then lowered axially. When the motor shaft 40 enters the receiving cavity 31, it engages with the first end 33A of the arm 32. When the motor shaft 40 engages the arm 32, it overcomes the biasing force of the arm 32, forcing it outward and out of the receiving cavity 31.

[0123] Specifically, the first end 33A of the arm 32 will first contact the first tapered surface 45A. The orientation of the first tapered surface 45A is designed to gradually push the arm 32 to overcome its biasing force. Therefore, the arm 32 will initially block the motor shaft 40 from being inserted into the receiving cavity 31.

[0124] As the motor shaft 40 continues to be inserted into the receiving cavity 31, the first end 33A of the arm 32 will contact the second tapered surface 45B. This second tapered surface 45B is oriented in the opposite direction from the first tapered surface 45B. Therefore, as the motor shaft 40 is further inserted into the receiving cavity 31, the arm 32 will be allowed to move inward of the receiving cavity 31 due to its biasing force. This means that the arm 32 will exert a biasing force on the rotor 10, causing it to move toward the proximal end 40A of the motor shaft 40.

[0125] The receiving pin 40 will then be completely housed in the cavity and the rotor 10 will be in Figure 4 4. In this position, the first end 33A of the arm 33 can be axially aligned with the receiving portion 40C. In the example where the base portion 40D is provided with an additional tapered surface, the biasing force of the arm 32 can act to maintain the rotor 10 in this position relative to the motor shaft 40.

[0126] Therefore, the rotor 10 can be kept axially fixed in the engaged position. Axial movement of the rotor 10 will force the arm 32 to overcome the biasing force and move out of the receiving cavity 31, thereby being blocked.

[0127] Generally speaking, a method of installing the rotor 10 into a centrifuge can be identified. The method comprises the following steps: providing a centrifuge comprising a motor shaft 40, the motor shaft 40 being Figure 4 and Figure 5The motor shaft 40 may include a shaped pin adapter, or the shaped pin may be the actual shape of the motor shaft 40. Figure 4 and 5 The rotor 10 described in the relevant description is then inserted into the receiving cavity 31 of the rotor 10. This insertion operation is continued (for example, by pressing Figure 4 and 5 The respective pivot arms 32 are engaged with the motor shaft 40 in the manner described in the related description, thereby fixing the rotor 10 in the axial direction.

[0128] After the rotor 10 is mounted on the centrifuge, the centrifuge can be operated. One or more samples or sample tubes can be inserted into the sample chamber of the rotor 10. The samples are to be centrifuged.

[0129] The centrifuge is then operated. The motor shaft 40 rotates to drive the rotor 10. As the rotor 10 rotates, centrifugal force acts on the arm 32. Because the center of gravity of the arm 32 is located between the pivot point 35 and the second end 33B, the centrifugal force forces the second end 33B outward from the receiving cavity 31. This causes the first end 33A to be pushed inward. As a result, the arm 32 clamps the motor shaft 40 with greater force, further strengthening the axial fixation of the rotor 10 during use.

[0130] Therefore, the axial fixing force applied to the rotor 10 during operation of the centrifuge is enhanced, which means that the rotor 10 will not fall off during operation.

[0131] However, the fixing force of the rotor 10 is low when it is stationary, which means that the user can easily remove the rotor 10 by hand by overcoming the force of the arms 32. This means that the rotor 10 can be removed by hand without the use of special tools or release buttons or the like.

[0132] To remove the rotor 10, the rotor 10 can be lifted and moved away from the motor shaft 40. This causes the arm 32 to move upward along the second tapered surface 45B. After the arm 32 passes over the second tapered surface 45B and reaches the first tapered surface 45A, the biasing force acting on the arm 32 forces the rotor 10 away from the motor shaft 40.

[0133] Thus, the rotor 10 can be securely fixed during use while still being easily disassembled. For example, a microcentrifuge may generate an upward axial force of 30N to 40N acting on the rotor 10, which must be resisted by the arms 32 during operation. The centrifugal force acting on the arms 32 means that the axial force acting on the rotor 10 can be resisted, maintaining its axial fixation. After the centrifuge is stopped, the force required to lift the rotor 10 can be expected to be lower than this value. This embodiment achieves this goal.

[0134] Generally speaking, the present invention provides a method for removing a rotor 10 from a centrifuge. Figure 4 and 5 The centrifuge contains Figure 4 and Figure 5 The motor shaft 40 is received in the receiving cavity 31, and each pivot arm 32 engages with the motor shaft 40, thereby axially securing the rotor 10. The method includes the steps of axially lifting the rotor 10 to engage the second conical surface 45B and overcome its biasing force to move each pivot arm 32. Lifting is then continued until the receiving cavity 31 is completely free of the motor shaft 40.

[0135] In these examples, an improved centrifuge rotor locking system is provided.

[0136] Unless otherwise stated, each feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by an alternative feature having the same, equivalent or similar purpose. Therefore, unless otherwise stated, each disclosed feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0137] When used in this document (including in the claims), unless the context requires otherwise, terms used herein in the singular are to be construed as including the plural, and vice versa (where the context permits). For example, unless the context requires otherwise, terms used in this document (including in the claims) in the singular (e.g., "a" or "an") are to be construed as including "one or more." Throughout the specification and claims, the terms "comprise," "include," "have," and "contain," and variations thereof (e.g., "comprising" and "including") indicate that the features described encompass the additional features described later and do not exclude (and are not intended to exclude) the presence of additional components.

[0138] The use of any and all examples or exemplary expressions (including "for example," "such as," "for example," and similar expressions) contained in this document is intended only to more clearly illustrate the contents of the present invention and shall not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention unless otherwise expressly requested. Nothing in this specification shall be construed as constituting any element not within the scope of the claims as essential to the practice of the present invention.

[0139] Unless otherwise specified or context requires, any steps described in this specification may be performed in any order or simultaneously. In addition, when describing that a step is performed after another step, it does not exclude the execution of the intermediate steps.

[0140] All aspects and / or features disclosed in this specification may be combined in any combination, except where at least some of such features and / or steps are mutually exclusive. In particular, preferred features of the present invention are applicable to all aspects and embodiments of the present invention and may be used in any combination. Similarly, features described in non-essential combinations may be used individually (not in combination).

[0141] Furthermore, although aspects and examples are described primarily with reference to physical devices, the present invention also provides methods of making and using such devices. For example, methods of making any of the devices described herein, as well as methods of using the devices described herein, are provided.

[0142] Terms

[0143] 1. A rotor for a centrifuge, comprising:

[0144] one or more sample chambers for holding samples;

[0145] a receiving cavity for receiving the centrifuge motor shaft in an engaged position; and

[0146] A pivoting arm is biased to extend into the receiving cavity to engage the motor shaft within the receiving cavity, thereby axially fixing the rotor.

[0147] 2. A rotor as described in claim 1, comprising a plurality of pivot arms; each arm is biased to extend into the receiving cavity to engage the motor shaft, thereby fixing the rotor axially.

[0148] 3. The rotor according to clause 2, wherein the plurality of pivot arms are arranged rotationally symmetrically around the receiving cavity.

[0149] 4. A rotor as described in any preceding clause, wherein each pivot arm comprises:

[0150] a first end of the motor shaft that is biased to extend into the receiving cavity to engage the receiving cavity;

[0151] a second end opposite the first end; and

[0152] a pivot point between the first end and the second end,

[0153] Each pivot arm is pivotally connected to the rotor at a pivot point, and a center of gravity of each pivot arm is located between the pivot point and the second end.

[0154] 5. A rotor as described in clause 4, wherein each pivot arm includes a counterweight portion at or near the second end.

[0155] 6. A rotor as described in any of the preceding clauses, wherein each pivot arm includes a groove for accommodating a portion of the motor shaft, and preferably, each groove is a recessed portion for accommodating the apex between the first conical surface and the second conical surface of the motor shaft.

[0156] 7. A rotor as claimed in any preceding clause, further comprising a torque transfer assembly for transferring rotation of the motor shaft to the rotor in the engaged position,

[0157] Preferably, the rotor includes one or more projections for engaging corresponding recesses in the motor shaft, and vice versa.

[0158] 8. The rotor according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the rotor comprises: a rotor body having one or more sample chambers; and a rotor adapter having a receiving chamber and each pivot arm.

[0159] As a preferred solution, the rotor adapter is detachably mounted to the rotor body.

[0160] 9. A rotor as claimed in any preceding clause, wherein the receiving cavity is provided in the centre of the rotor.

[0161] 10. A centrifuge comprising:

[0162] A motor shaft for transmitting rotational motion to a rotor, wherein the motor shaft comprises a head located at its remote end, and the head has, in sequence along a first direction from the remote end: a first conical surface toward the remote end; and a second conical surface toward the proximal end of the motor shaft.

[0163] 11. The centrifuge of clause 10, wherein the motor shaft further comprises (in order from the second conical surface along the first direction): a receiving portion; and a base portion, wherein a width of the receiving portion is smaller than a width of the base portion and the head portion.

[0164] 12. The centrifuge of clause 11, wherein the base portion comprises a tapered surface facing distally of the motor shaft.

[0165] 13. The centrifuge of any one of clauses 10 to 12, wherein the first conical surface is flatter than the second conical surface.

[0166] 14. The centrifuge of any of clauses 10 to 13, wherein the motor shaft is rotationally symmetric.

[0167] 15. The centrifuge of any one of clauses 10 to 14, wherein the motor shaft has a circular cross-section.

[0168] 16. The centrifuge according to any one of clauses 10 to 14, wherein the cross section of the motor shaft is polygonal, particularly suitable for transmitting the torque of the motor shaft to the rotor.

[0169] 17. The centrifuge according to any one of clauses 10 to 16, further comprising a rotor according to any one of the preceding clauses.

[0170] 18. A method for installing a rotor in a centrifuge, the method comprising the following steps:

[0171] Providing a centrifuge as described in any one of clauses 10 to 17;

[0172] Providing a rotor as described in any one of clauses 1 to 9;

[0173] The motor shaft is inserted into the receiving cavity so that each pivot arm engages the motor shaft, thereby axially securing the rotor.

[0174] 19. A method for disassembling the rotor of any one of clauses 1 to 9 from the centrifuge of any one of clauses 10 to 17, wherein the motor shaft is received in the engagement cavity and each pivot arm engages with the motor shaft to axially fix the rotor; the method comprising the steps of:

[0175] Lifting the rotor axially engages the second conical surface and moves each pivot arm against its biasing force.

Claims

1. A rotor for a centrifuge, comprising: one or more sample chambers for holding samples; A joint pin, the joint pin comprising a head located at a remote end thereof, the head comprising, in sequence from the remote end along a first direction: a first tapered surface facing the remote end; and a second tapered surface toward the proximal end of the engagement pin.

2. The rotor according to claim 1, wherein: The rotor comprises: a rotor body provided with one or more sample chambers; and a rotor adapter provided with the engaging pins. As a preferred solution, the rotor adapter is detachably mounted to the rotor body.

3. A rotor as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein: The engaging pin is arranged at the center position of the rotor.

4. A rotor as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein: The engaging pin includes, starting from the second conical surface and in sequence along the first direction: a receiving portion; and a base portion, wherein the width of the receiving portion is smaller than the width of the base portion and the head portion, As a preferred solution, the base portion may include a tapered surface facing the distal end of the engagement pin.

5. A rotor as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein: The first tapered surface is smoother than the second tapered surface.

6. A rotor as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein: The engaging pin is rotationally symmetrical.

7. A rotor as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein: The dowel pin: The cross section is circular; or The cross section of the engagement pin may be polygonal, which is particularly suitable for transmitting the torque of the motor shaft to the rotor.

8. A rotor connection assembly for coupling a rotor according to any preceding claim to a centrifuge motor shaft, the rotor connection assembly comprising: a receiving cavity for receiving the rotor engagement pin in the engaged position; and A pivot arm is biased to extend into the receiving cavity to engage the engagement pin in the receiving cavity for axially securing the rotor in the engaged position.

9. The rotor connection assembly of claim 8, comprising a plurality of pivot arms; each arm is biased to extend into the receiving cavity to engage the engagement pin in the receiving cavity, thereby fixing the rotor in the axial direction; As a preferred solution, the plurality of pivot arms may be arranged in rotational symmetry around the receiving cavity.

10. The rotor connection assembly according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: Each pivot arm comprises: a first end extending into the receiving cavity to engage the engagement pin under the biasing force; a second end opposite the first end; and a pivot point between the first end and the second end, Each pivot arm is pivotally connected to the rotor connection assembly at a pivot point, and its center of gravity is located between the pivot point and the second end. As a preferred solution, each pivot arm is provided with a counterweight portion at or near the second end.

11. The rotor connection assembly according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein: Each pivot arm includes: a groove for accommodating the engaging pin portion; as a preferred solution, each groove serves as a recessed portion at the vertex between the first conical surface and the second conical surface for accommodating the engaging pin.

12. The rotor connection assembly according to any one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising: a torque transfer assembly for transferring the rotational motion of the motor shaft to the rotor in the engaged position, Preferably, the torque transfer assembly comprises one or more projections for engaging corresponding recesses in the rotor, and vice versa.

13. A centrifuge comprising: Motor shaft; The rotor connection assembly according to any one of claims 8 to 12; and A rotor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

14. A method for installing a rotor in a centrifuge, the method comprising the following steps: Providing a centrifuge comprising a motor shaft and a rotor connection assembly according to any one of claims 8 to 12; Providing a rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 7; The engaging pins are inserted into the receiving cavities so that the respective pivot arms engage with the engaging pins to axially fix the rotor.

15. A method for disassembling the rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 7 from a centrifuge, the centrifuge comprising: a motor shaft; and a rotor connection assembly according to any one of claims 8 to 12; wherein: The engaging pin is received in the receiving cavity, and each pivot arm is engaged with the engaging pin, thereby fixing the rotor in the axial direction; the method comprises the following steps: Lifting the rotor axially engages the second conical surface and moves each pivot arm against its biasing force.

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