A waste gas treatment system for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation promoter and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and discloses a waste gas treatment system for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation auxiliary catalyst and a preparation method, wherein the waste gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation auxiliary catalyst comprises a base, the top of the base is provided with a purification cylinder, a spiral air inlet pipe is arranged in the purification cylinder, a plurality of air outlet holes are arranged in a spiral shape on the spiral air inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe is arranged on the purification cylinder, an exhaust fan is arranged on the inner side of the exhaust pipe, a liquid outlet pipe is further arranged on the purification cylinder, and a valve is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe. The waste gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation auxiliary catalyst is characterized in that the vertical cylinder is reversely rotated and cooperates with the axial sliding of the liquid storage box to form a dynamic three-dimensional spraying area in the purification cylinder. The annular mist curtain covers the whole cross section and dynamically adjusts the dense and sparse distribution according to the waste gas concentration gradient; the high-speed area is high in spraying speed and is subjected to a head-on collision, and the low-speed area is low in spraying speed and is covered, so that the capture rate of the insoluble VOCs and the aerosol is obviously improved, and the contact blind area of the traditional device is eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste gas treatment technology, and in particular to a waste gas treatment system and preparation method for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst. Background Technology

[0002] Cyclohexene is an important organic chemical raw material in pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and other fields. The partial hydrogenation of benzene as a raw material to produce cyclohexene is the preferred method for industrial production due to the readily available raw materials, high atom economy, and simple reaction route. However, this reaction is thermodynamically less favorable than the complete hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexane, and achieving high cyclohexene yields is challenging. Currently, selective hydrogenation of benzene mainly uses Ru catalysts, and performance is often improved by adding co-catalysts. Co-catalysts can regulate the electronic structure and dispersion of active components, optimize catalyst surface properties, and inhibit excessive hydrogenation of cyclohexene. In the preparation of co-catalysts for partial hydrogenation of benzene, dedicated equipment is often required for waste gas treatment to address pollution problems such as reaction byproducts and solvent volatilization. Existing equipment has the following drawbacks in use:

[0003] 1. If the atomized particle size distribution of the spray liquid is uneven or the spray speed is not properly matched, it can easily lead to "spray blind zones" in the exhaust gas channel. For example, if the spray speed of the nozzle near the exhaust gas outlet is too low, it cannot effectively counteract the high-speed exhaust gas. The spray droplets will be carried away by the airflow and deflected, allowing high-concentration organic waste gas or acidic gas to bypass the liquid curtain and pass directly through. Particulate pollutants such as zinc-containing aerosols generated during the co-catalyst roasting stage are difficult to capture because they do not fully contact the spray liquid, leading to a surge in the subsequent activated carbon adsorption load, and even equipment blockage due to particulate matter accumulation.

[0004] 2. When the nozzle spacing is too large or the spray angle is uniform (such as all spraying vertically downwards), the exhaust gas flows in the tower in a "sidewall effect". The high-speed airflow goes around the edge of the tower wall, while the flow velocity in the central area is extremely low, causing the spray droplets to accumulate densely near the tower wall, but it is difficult to cover the central airflow channel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems of blind zone caused by improper atomization and spray speed of the spray liquid in the existing technology and the low efficiency of waste gas treatment, a waste gas treatment system for the preparation of benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst is proposed.

[0006] This application provides a waste gas treatment system for the preparation of benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst, the purpose of which is to achieve dynamic matching between spray speed and waste gas flow rate, with high spray speed at the front end to counteract high-speed waste gas and enhance atomization, and low spray speed at the rear end to uniformly cover the waste gas, eliminate spray blind spots, ensure full contact and absorption of organic waste gas, acidic gas and aerosol, and improve purification efficiency.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a waste gas treatment system for the preparation of benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst, including a base, a purification cylinder provided on the top of the base, a spiral air inlet pipe provided inside the purification cylinder, a plurality of air outlet holes provided in a spiral shape on the spiral air inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe provided on the purification cylinder, an exhaust fan provided inside the exhaust pipe, a liquid outlet pipe provided on the purification cylinder, a valve provided on the liquid outlet pipe, and a spray unit provided inside the purification cylinder.

[0008] The spray unit includes a spray component disposed inside the purification cylinder, an adjustment component disposed on the spray component, and a spray assembly disposed inside the purification cylinder, with a telescopic component and a transmission component disposed on the spray assembly.

[0009] The spraying component is used to spray the purification liquid into the purification cylinder to fully contact the exhaust gas, and the adjusting component is used to adjust the spraying speed of the spraying assembly.

[0010] The spray assembly includes a vertical cylinder located inside the purification cylinder, and multiple liquid storage boxes symmetrically distributed on the outside of the vertical cylinder. Each liquid storage box is equipped with multiple spray heads symmetrically distributed on it, and the spray speed of the spray heads can be adjusted.

[0011] Furthermore, the telescopic assembly includes through holes symmetrically distributed on the vertical cylinder, two reciprocating screws symmetrically distributed on the inner side of the vertical cylinder, the two reciprocating screws being fixedly connected, a nut being provided on each of the two reciprocating screws, and multiple limiting strips being provided on each nut. The limiting strips are slidably connected to the inner side of the corresponding through hole, and a connecting rod is provided between the limiting strips and the corresponding liquid storage box.

[0012] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a rotating plate mounted on the vertical cylinder, which is rotatably connected to the purification cylinder. A groove is provided at the bottom of the purification cylinder, an internal gear is provided on the rotating plate, a first gear is provided at the bottom of the vertical cylinder, the first gear is fixedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw, and a second gear is provided inside the groove, which meshes with the first gear and the internal gear respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjusting component includes a squeezing assembly and an adjusting assembly disposed inside the liquid storage box, and a pushing assembly is disposed on the top of the liquid storage box;

[0014] The extrusion assembly includes two vertical rods symmetrically arranged inside the liquid storage box. Multiple L-shaped rods are staggered on each of the two vertical rods. Each of the multiple spray head inlet ends is provided with a first hose, and each first hose is located between two opposite L-shaped rods.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes racks arranged alternately on two vertical rods, a third gear is provided inside the liquid storage box, the third gear meshes with the two racks respectively, and a spring is provided between one of the vertical rods and the liquid storage box.

[0016] Furthermore, the pushing assembly includes multiple pushing plates symmetrically distributed on the vertical cylinder, each pushing plate having a pushing rod, and each pushing rod having a sealing cylinder, the sealing cylinder being fixedly connected to the liquid storage box, and the pushing rod being slidably connected to the liquid storage box in a sealed manner. One of the vertical rods has a wedge block, and the pushing rod is slidably connected to the inclined surface of the wedge block.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a liquid inlet assembly, which includes a liquid inlet box disposed on the top of the inner side of the purification cylinder, a liquid inlet pipe disposed on the top of the purification cylinder, the liquid inlet pipe communicating with the inner side of the liquid inlet box, and multiple second flexible tubes symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the liquid inlet box, the second flexible tubes extending through the corresponding push plate to the inner side of the liquid storage box.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a rotating assembly, which includes a connecting shaft disposed at the top of the purification cylinder. One end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to a reciprocating lead screw, and the other end of the connecting shaft is provided with a frustum column. Two fixing plates are also symmetrically distributed at the top of the purification cylinder. One of the fixing plates is fixedly connected to the top of the purification cylinder. A straight rod is disposed between the two fixing plates, and a roller is disposed on the straight rod. The roller is in rolling connection with the frustum column. A threaded rod is also disposed between the two fixing plates, and a U-shaped block is disposed on the threaded rod. The U-shaped block is in sliding connection with the roller. A drive motor is disposed on the top fixing plate, and the output shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the straight rod.

[0019] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1: Select a porous carrier, enlarge the pores by acid etching and wash it, and place it above the spiral air inlet pipe in the purification cylinder. Start the exhaust fan to make the acidic waste gas generated by roasting rise along the spiral flow channel, and contact and neutralize it with the alkaline purification liquid sprayed by the spray unit. The purified gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe to avoid the overflow of pollutants.

[0021] S2: The metal salt solution is loaded onto the carrier outside the purification cylinder, and then the loaded carrier is placed into the rotating spray area inside the cylinder. Excess free metal ions are cleaned by rotating spray from the spray head. The wastewater is discharged through the liquid outlet pipe, and at the same time, inert gas is introduced through the spiral air inlet pipe to dry the carrier and improve the uniformity of the load.

[0022] S3: Place the carrier on the calcination support inside the purification cylinder and introduce a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas for reduction. During this process, the organic volatiles generated diffuse through the spiral inlet pipe outlet with the airflow and are captured by the absorbent sprayed from the spray head, preventing the accumulation of waste gas during the reduction process. At the same time, the temperature of the spray liquid can help regulate the reduction atmosphere inside the cylinder.

[0023] S4: The formed catalyst particles are calcined at high temperature in the purification cylinder to stabilize the crystal form. The zinc-containing aerosol and other particulate matter generated during calcination flow with the spiral exhaust gas and are captured by the annular liquid curtain formed by the spray head. The purified gas is discharged through the exhaust fan. At the same time, the spray unit can adjust the spray speed to counteract the high-speed airflow and reduce the wear and loss of catalyst particles.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S2, after loading, the carrier is placed into the purification cylinder, and residual metal ions are washed with the acidic purification liquid from the spray unit. The wastewater is discharged through the outlet pipe, while the spiral airflow dries the carrier.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0026] 1. By coordinating the reverse rotation of the vertical cylinder with the axial sliding of the liquid storage box, a dynamic three-dimensional spray area is formed inside the purification cylinder. The annular mist curtain covers the entire cross-section, and its density distribution is dynamically adjusted according to the concentration gradient of the exhaust gas. High-speed spraying speed counteracts the high-speed zone, while low-speed spraying speed covers the low-speed zone, significantly improving the capture rate of insoluble VOCs and aerosols and eliminating the contact blind spots of traditional devices.

[0027] 2. By linking the pushing and squeezing components, the spray speed is adjusted in real time according to the flow of exhaust gas. The spray speed is increased when the exhaust gas is close to the outlet to enhance treatment, and the spray speed is reduced when the exhaust gas is far away to reduce energy consumption. This avoids the insufficient treatment and energy waste of traditional constant speed spraying and extends the life of subsequent equipment.

[0028] 3. The spiral air inlet pipe and the rotating spray unit enhance turbulence in three dimensions, the rotating components optimize the contact effect, the liquid inlet components ensure dynamic liquid supply, and the closed-loop feedback mechanism automatically adapts to the fluctuation of exhaust gas composition, significantly extending the maintenance cycle and making the system operate efficiently and stably. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the waste gas treatment system for the preparation of the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the purification cylinder of the waste gas treatment system for the preparation of the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spray unit structure of the waste gas treatment system for the preparation of benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral inlet pipe structure of the waste gas treatment system for the preparation of the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the spray unit of the waste gas treatment system for the preparation of benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic component structure of the waste gas treatment system for the preparation of benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component structure of the waste gas treatment system for the preparation of benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the regulating component structure of the waste gas treatment system for the preparation of the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pushing component structure of the waste gas treatment system for the preparation of benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the regulating component structure of the waste gas treatment system for the preparation of benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the regulating component of the waste gas treatment system for the preparation of the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating component structure of the waste gas treatment system for the preparation of benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the rotating component of the waste gas treatment system for the preparation of the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust pipe structure of the waste gas treatment system for the preparation of the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention.

[0043] In the picture:

[0044] 1. Base; 11. Purification cylinder; 12. Spiral air inlet pipe; 13. Air outlet; 14. Exhaust pipe; 15. Exhaust fan; 16. Liquid outlet pipe; 17. Valve; 2. Spray assembly; 21. Vertical cylinder; 22. Liquid storage box; 23. Spray head; 3. Telescopic assembly; 31. Through hole; 32. Reciprocating screw; 33. Nut; 34. Limiting strip; 35. Connecting rod; 4. Transmission assembly; 41. Rotating plate; 42. Internal gear; 43. First gear; 44. Second gear; 5. Extrusion assembly; 51. Vertical... 52. L-shaped rod; 53. First hose; 6. Adjusting assembly; 61. Rack; 62. Third gear; 63. Spring; 7. Pushing assembly; 71. Pushing plate; 72. Pushing rod; 73. Sealing cylinder; 74. Wedge block; 8. Liquid inlet assembly; 81. Liquid inlet box; 82. Liquid inlet pipe; 83. Second hose; 9. Rotating assembly; 91. Connecting shaft; 92. Frustum column; 93. Fixing plate; 94. Straight rod; 95. Roller; 96. Threaded rod; 97. U-shaped block; 98. Drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Example 1, referring to Figures 1-5 and Figure 14 This invention provides a waste gas treatment system for the preparation of a benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst, comprising a base 1, a purification cylinder 11 fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a spiral air inlet pipe 12 fixedly connected inside the purification cylinder 11, a plurality of spirally arranged air outlets 13 on the spiral air inlet pipe 12, an exhaust pipe 14 fixedly connected to the purification cylinder 11, an exhaust fan 15 fixedly connected inside the exhaust pipe 14, a liquid outlet pipe 16 fixedly connected to the purification cylinder 11, a valve 17 fixedly connected to the liquid outlet pipe 16, and a spray unit installed inside the purification cylinder 11; the spray unit includes components installed inside the purification cylinder 11. The spray component inside the purification cylinder 11 is equipped with an adjustment component. The spray component includes a spray assembly 2 installed inside the purification cylinder 11, and a telescopic component 3 and a transmission component 4 are installed on the spray assembly 2. The spray component is used to spray the purification liquid into the purification cylinder 11 to fully contact the exhaust gas. The adjustment component is used to adjust the spray speed of the spray assembly 2. The spray assembly 2 includes a vertical cylinder 21 rotatably connected to the inner side of the purification cylinder 11. Multiple liquid storage boxes 22 are symmetrically distributed and slidably connected to the outer side of the vertical cylinder 21. Multiple spray heads 23 are symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected to each liquid storage box 22. The spray speed of the spray head 23 can be adjusted.

[0047] Specifically, the inlet of the spiral inlet pipe 12 is connected to the exhaust outlet of the waste gas used in the preparation of the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst. Under the action of the outlet hole 13, the waste gas enters the purification cylinder 11 in a spiral shape. Under the action of the spray unit, the purification liquid is sprayed into the purification cylinder 11, making full contact with the waste gas in the purification cylinder 11, so that the harmful substances in the waste gas are absorbed. The purification liquid enters the liquid storage box 22 and is sprayed out from multiple spray nozzles 23, so that the purification liquid comes into contact with the waste gas in a spray form. The vertical cylinder 21 rotates inside the purification cylinder 11, driving the liquid storage box 22 to rotate, driving the spray nozzles 23 to rotate, so that the spray-form purification liquid spreads in a circular shape in all directions, making more complete contact with the waste gas in the purification cylinder 11. The liquid storage box 22 is slidably connected to the outside of the vertical cylinder 21. When the purified liquid is sprayed out, the liquid storage box 22 moves closer to or further away from the spiral air intake pipe 12. The spiral air intake pipe 12 discharges the exhaust gas, which moves from the air outlet 13 of the spiral air intake pipe 12 towards the center of the spiral air intake pipe 12. During the movement, the liquid storage box 22 continuously brings the purified liquid into contact with the exhaust gas, increasing the contact time between the purified liquid and the exhaust gas. The spray speed of the spray head 23 can be adjusted. When the spray head 23 is close to the air outlet 13, the spray speed of the spray head 23 is faster to counteract the high-speed exhaust gas and enhance the initial contact. When the spray head 23 is far away from the air outlet 13, the spray speed of the spray head 23 is relatively slower to save energy and avoid excessive system resistance. When the spiral exhaust gas encounters the rotating mist curtain, the relative velocity between the droplets and the airflow increases. Especially for sparingly soluble VOCs, the mass transfer coefficient is improved by extending the contact path and enhancing the degree of turbulence, ensuring that organic waste gases such as benzene and cyclohexane, as well as acidic gases such as hydrogen halides, are fully absorbed, thus solving the problem of pollutant penetration caused by the "spray blind zone" in traditional devices.

[0048] Reference Figure 6 The telescopic component 3 includes through holes 31 symmetrically distributed on the vertical cylinder 21. Two reciprocating screws 32 are symmetrically distributed and rotatably connected to the inner side of the vertical cylinder 21. The two reciprocating screws 32 are fixedly connected to each other. Nuts 33 are threadedly connected to both reciprocating screws 32. Multiple limiting strips 34 are fixedly connected to each nut 33. The limiting strips 34 are slidably connected to the inner side of the corresponding through hole 31. A connecting rod 35 is rotatably connected between the limiting strips 34 and the corresponding liquid storage box 22.

[0049] Specifically, when the reciprocating screw 32 rotates, the limiting strip 34 slides inside the through hole 31, causing the nut 33 to move on the reciprocating screw 32. This causes the connecting rod 35 to rotate between the limiting strip 34 and the liquid storage box 22, pushing and pulling the liquid storage box 22. This allows the liquid storage box 22 to move closer to or away from the vertical cylinder 21, enabling the spray unit to form a dynamic coverage area within the purification cylinder 11. This solves the "sidewall effect" caused by the fixed nozzle spacing in traditional devices. When the liquid storage box 22 moves towards the center, the spray head 23 can cover the low-speed airflow area, eliminating the central blind zone. When it moves towards the cylinder wall, it increases the thickness of the edge liquid curtain, preventing waste gas from short-circuiting along the wall surface. This improves the uniformity of gas-liquid distribution across the entire cross-section, ensuring that the device maintains stable purification efficiency in different processes such as drying and calcination of the catalyst preparation.

[0050] Reference Figure 7 The transmission assembly 4 includes a rotating plate 41 fixedly connected to the vertical cylinder 21. The rotating plate 41 is rotatably connected to the purification cylinder 11. A groove is provided at the bottom of the purification cylinder 11. An internal gear 42 is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 41. A first gear 43 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the vertical cylinder 21. The first gear 43 is fixedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw 32. A second gear 44 is rotatably connected to the inside of the groove. The second gear 44 meshes with the first gear 43 and the internal gear 42 respectively.

[0051] Specifically, the rotation of the reciprocating screw 32 drives the first gear 43 to rotate, which in turn drives the second gear 44 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the internal gear 42 to rotate synchronously, and the vertical cylinder 21 to rotate synchronously, so that the vertical cylinder 21 rotates in the opposite direction to the reciprocating screw 32. This delivers the droplets to the area with lower flow velocity, significantly improving the capture rate of particulate matter such as zinc-containing aerosols. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation gives the droplets additional kinetic energy, enhancing the counter-current effect with the spiral exhaust gas and solving the airflow short-circuiting problem caused by the "sidewall effect".

[0052] Reference Figures 8-11 The adjusting components include a squeezing assembly 5 and an adjusting assembly 6 installed inside the liquid storage box 22, and a pushing assembly 7 installed on the top of the liquid storage box 22. The squeezing assembly 5 includes two vertical rods 51 that are symmetrically distributed and slidably connected inside the liquid storage box 22. Multiple L-shaped rods 52 are fixedly connected to the two vertical rods 51 in an alternating manner. The liquid inlet ends of multiple spray heads 23 are fixedly connected to first hoses 53, and each first hose 53 is located between two opposite L-shaped rods 52.

[0053] Specifically, the two vertical rods 51 slide relative to each other inside the liquid storage box 22, causing the L-shaped rods 52 to slide. This allows adjacent L-shaped rods 52 to move closer to or further away from each other, squeezing or releasing the first hose 53. This increases the speed of the purified liquid entering the spray head 23, and consequently, the speed of the purified liquid sprayed from the spray head 23. This achieves stepless adjustment of the spray speed of the spray head 23, allowing the purified liquid spray speed to be matched in real time according to the exhaust gas flow state. A high-speed counter-current atomization zone is formed near the exhaust gas inlet, effectively capturing high-concentration pollutants; the spray speed is reduced further away from the inlet to ensure uniform coverage of the entire cross-section. This solves the problem of insufficient contact caused by the fixed spray speed of traditional devices, and reduces energy consumption and droplet entrainment through precise control, significantly improving the system's purification efficiency and operational stability.

[0054] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 The adjusting component 6 includes racks 61 that are staggered and fixedly connected to two vertical rods 51. A third gear 62 is rotatably connected to the inside of the liquid storage box 22. The third gear 62 is meshed with the two racks 61 respectively. A spring 63 is fixedly connected between one of the vertical rods 51 and the liquid storage box 22.

[0055] Specifically, when one of the vertical rods 51 moves, it drives the third gear 62 to rotate via the rack 61, which in turn moves the other rack 61, causing the other vertical rod 51 to move and compress the spring 63. When the vertical rod 51 stops moving, the spring 63 returns to its original position, causing the vertical rod 51 to return to its original position as well. The adjusting component 6, through the meshing transmission between the rack 61 and the third gear 62, enables the two vertical rods 51 to move synchronously in opposite directions, ensuring uniform and consistent compression force on the first hose 53 and avoiding spray speed deviation caused by unilateral compression. In conjunction with the spring 63's return structure, the compression degree can be automatically adjusted when the exhaust gas flow state changes, forming a closed-loop feedback for spray speed adjustment. This allows the spray speed of the spray head 23 to adaptively compensate for fluctuations in the exhaust gas conditions, ensuring the stability and reliability of the gas-liquid contact efficiency.

[0056] Reference Figure 9 The pushing assembly 7 includes multiple pushing plates 71 that are symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected to the vertical cylinder 21. A pushing rod 72 is fixedly connected to the pushing plate 71. A sealing cylinder 73 is slidably connected to the pushing rod 72. The sealing cylinder 73 is fixedly connected to the liquid storage box 22. The pushing rod 72 is slidably connected to the liquid storage box 22. A wedge block 74 is fixedly connected to one of the vertical rods 51. The pushing rod 72 is slidably connected to the inclined surface of the wedge block 74.

[0057] Specifically, when the vertical cylinder 21 drives the push plate 71 to rotate, the push rod 72 moves in a circular motion with the push plate 71. After its end slope contacts the wedge block 74 on the vertical rod 51, it slides upward along the slope of the wedge block 74. At this time, the push rod 72 pushes the sealing cylinder 73 to drive the liquid storage box 22 to slide outside the vertical cylinder 21. At the same time, the horizontal component of the force of the push rod 72 on the wedge block 74 will push the vertical rod 51 to move inside the liquid storage box 22. For example, when the push rod 72 rotates to near the air outlet 13 of the spiral air inlet pipe 12, its slope contacts the wedge block 74, pushing the vertical rod 51 to move, reducing the distance between the L-shaped rods 52 on the two vertical rods 51, thereby squeezing the first hose 53 and increasing the spray speed of the spray head 23; when the push rod 72 moves away from the air outlet 13, the spring 63 resets and drives the vertical rod 51 to move in the opposite direction, the distance between the L-shaped rods 52 widens, the first hose 53 returns to its deformation, and the spray speed decreases. During this process, each rotation of the push rod 72 will drive the vertical rod 51 to complete one reciprocating movement through the wedge block 74, so that the spray speed of the spray head 23 can be periodically adjusted according to the position of the liquid storage box 22, ensuring that the spray speed and the exhaust gas flow rate remain dynamically matched in different areas of the spiral air intake pipe 12. For example, in areas where the initial flow rate of exhaust gas is relatively fast, the spray speed is automatically adjusted to the corresponding speed to form an effective counter-current and improve the gas-liquid contact efficiency.

[0058] Example 2, refer to Figures 1-3 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that it also includes a liquid inlet assembly 8. The liquid inlet assembly 8 includes a liquid inlet box 81 fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the purification cylinder 11. A liquid inlet pipe 82 is fixedly connected to the top of the purification cylinder 11. The liquid inlet pipe 82 communicates with the inner side of the liquid inlet box 81. Multiple second hoses 83 are symmetrically distributed and rotatably connected to the bottom of the liquid inlet box 81. The second hoses 83 extend through the corresponding push plate 71 to the inner side of the liquid storage box 22.

[0059] Specifically, the purified liquid flows into the inlet box 81 from the inlet pipe 82, and is then transported to the storage box 22 via the second flexible hoses 83 symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the box. The second flexible hoses 83 pass through the push plate 71, and their length is designed to accommodate the sliding stroke of the storage box 22 on the outside of the vertical cylinder 21. When the storage box 22 approaches or moves away from the spiral air inlet pipe 12, the second flexible hoses 83 can bend freely without affecting the liquid delivery. For example, when the storage box 22 slides towards the spiral air inlet pipe 12, the second flexible hoses 83 form a natural arc at the point where they pass through the push plate 71, and their inner diameter remains unchanged, ensuring a stable flow rate. The top of the inlet box 81 has an inlet port that connects to the inlet pipe 82. At the same time, gravity and hydraulic pressure difference are used to form a stable liquid flow, ensuring that each spray head 23 receives a continuous supply of purified liquid during the dynamic rotation of the storage box 22, meeting the liquid flow requirements under different spray speed adjustments, and maintaining continuous system operation.

[0060] Reference Figure 12 and Figure 13It also includes a rotating assembly 9, which includes a connecting shaft 91 rotatably connected to the top of the purification cylinder 11. One end of the connecting shaft 91 is fixedly connected to the reciprocating screw 32, and the other end of the connecting shaft 91 is fixedly sleeved with a frustum column 92. Two fixing plates 93 are also symmetrically distributed on the top of the purification cylinder 11. One of the fixing plates 93 is fixedly connected to the top of the purification cylinder 11. A straight rod 94 is rotatably connected between the two fixing plates 93. A roller 95 is slidably connected to the upper limit of the straight rod 94. The roller 95 is rotatably connected to the frustum column 92. A threaded rod 96 is also rotatably connected between the two fixing plates 93. A U-shaped block 97 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 96. The U-shaped block 97 is slidably connected to the roller 95. A drive motor 98 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 93 at the top. The output shaft of the drive motor 98 is fixedly connected to the straight rod 94.

[0061] Specifically, the drive motor 98 drives the straight rod 94 to rotate, causing the roller 95 to roll along the surface of the frustum 92. Under the action of friction, the frustum 92 rotates. Because the upper and lower diameters of the frustum 92 are different, the roller 95 moves axially on the threaded rod 96 via the U-shaped block 97, which in turn drives the roller 95 to move on the straight rod 94, causing the roller 95 to roll at different diameters on the frustum 92. This causes the frustum 92 to rotate at different speeds, which in turn drives the connecting shaft 91 to rotate at an adjustable speed. The reciprocating screw 32 at one end of the connecting shaft 91 rotates accordingly, driving the telescopic component 3 to move, causing the spray component 2 to reciprocate within the purification cylinder 11. The drive motor 98 provides continuous power, which, through the transmission of the straight rod 94, roller 95, and frustum column 92, converts the rotational motion into the rotation of the connecting shaft 91. This rotation, via the reciprocating screw 32, drives the spray assembly 2 to move axially along the vertical cylinder 21, causing the spray head 23 to form a three-dimensional spray area within the purification cylinder 11. This enhances the contact effect with the spiral exhaust gas and improves the exhaust gas treatment efficiency. The remaining structure is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0062] Based on embodiments 1-2, the working principle of the present invention is as follows: After the drive motor 98 starts, its output shaft drives the straight rod 94 to rotate, causing the roller 95 sleeved on the straight rod 94 to roll along the surface of the frustum 92. Under the action of friction, the frustum 92 rotates. Since the upper and lower diameters of the frustum 92 are different, the roller 95 is displaced on the threaded rod 96 through the U-shaped block 97, thereby driving the roller 95 to move on the straight rod 94, so that the roller 95 rolls at different diameters of the frustum 92, thereby driving the connecting shaft 91 to rotate, and the speed is adjustable. The reciprocating screw 32 fixed at one end of the connecting shaft 91 rotates accordingly, driving the nut 33 to move back and forth on the reciprocating screw 32. The nut 33 pushes and pulls the liquid storage box 22 through the limiting strip 34 and the connecting rod 35, causing it to slide closer to or further away from the spiral air inlet pipe 12 on the outside of the vertical cylinder 21.

[0063] Meanwhile, the rotation of the reciprocating screw 32 drives the first gear 43 to rotate. The first gear 43 meshes with the second gear 44, causing it to rotate in the opposite direction. The second gear 44 then drives the internal gear 42 to rotate synchronously, thus causing the vertical cylinder 21 to rotate in the opposite direction to the reciprocating screw 32. When the vertical cylinder 21 rotates, the push plate 71 drives the push rod 72 to make a circular motion. After the end of the push rod 72 contacts the wedge block 74 on the vertical rod 51, it pushes the vertical rod 51 to move within the liquid storage box 22, causing the L-shaped rod 52 to squeeze or release the first hose 53, thereby adjusting the spray speed of the spray head 23.

[0064] The purified liquid flows into the inlet box 81 from the inlet pipe 82, and is then transported to the storage box 22 via the second flexible hose 83 at the bottom of the box. When the storage box 22 moves, the second flexible hose 83 can bend freely to ensure stable flow. In the entire system, the spiral air inlet pipe 12 causes the exhaust gas to enter the purification cylinder 11 in a spiral shape. The vertical cylinder 21 drives the storage box 22 to rotate, causing the spray head 23 to form an annular mist. The reciprocating sliding of the storage box 22, combined with the spray speed adjustment, allows the purified liquid and the spiral exhaust gas to dynamically match and contact in different areas. By rotating the component 9, the reciprocating motion of the spray component 2 and the rotation of the vertical cylinder 21 are coordinated, ultimately forming a three-dimensional spray area within the purification cylinder 11, enhancing the contact effect with the exhaust gas and improving treatment efficiency.

[0065] Example 3, the third embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst, comprising the following steps:

[0066] S1: Select a porous carrier, enlarge the pores by acid etching and wash it, and place it above the spiral air inlet pipe 12 in the purification cylinder 11. Start the exhaust fan 15 to make the acidic waste gas generated by roasting rise along the spiral flow channel and come into contact with the alkaline purification liquid sprayed by the spray unit to neutralize it. The purified gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 14 to avoid the overflow of pollutants.

[0067] S2: The metal salt solution is loaded onto the carrier outside the purification cylinder 11. Then the loaded carrier is placed into the rotating spray area inside the cylinder. Excess free metal ions are cleaned by rotating spraying through the spray head 23. Wastewater is discharged through the liquid outlet pipe 16. At the same time, inert gas is introduced through the spiral air inlet pipe 12 to dry the carrier and improve the uniformity of the load. After loading, the carrier is placed into the purification cylinder 11 and residual metal ions are washed with the acidic purification liquid of the spray unit. Wastewater is discharged through the liquid outlet pipe 16. At the same time, the spiral airflow dries the carrier.

[0068] S3: Place the carrier on the calcination support inside the purification cylinder 11, and introduce a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas for reduction. During this process, the organic volatiles generated diffuse through the spiral inlet pipe 12 and outlet 13 with the airflow and are captured by the absorbent sprayed from the spray head 23 to prevent the accumulation of waste gas during the reduction process. At the same time, the temperature of the spray liquid can help regulate the reduction atmosphere inside the cylinder.

[0069] S4: The formed catalyst particles are calcined at high temperature in the purification cylinder 11 to stabilize the crystal form. The zinc-containing aerosol and other particles generated during calcination flow with the spiral exhaust gas and are captured by the annular liquid curtain formed by the spray head 23. The purified gas is discharged through the exhaust fan 15. At the same time, the spray unit can adjust the spray speed to counteract the high-speed airflow and reduce the wear and loss of the catalyst particles.

[0070] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste gas treatment system for the preparation of a benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst, comprising a base (1), a purification cylinder (11) disposed on the top of the base (1), a spiral air inlet pipe (12) disposed inside the purification cylinder (11), a plurality of air outlet holes (13) being spirally disposed on the spiral air inlet pipe (12), an exhaust pipe (14) disposed on the purification cylinder (11), an exhaust fan (15) disposed inside the exhaust pipe (14), and a liquid outlet pipe (16) disposed on the purification cylinder (11), a valve (17) disposed on the liquid outlet pipe (16), characterized in that, It also includes a spray unit installed inside the purification cylinder (11); The spray unit includes a spray component installed inside the purification cylinder (11), and an adjustment component is provided on the spray component. The spray component includes a spray assembly (2) installed inside the purification cylinder (11), and a telescopic assembly (3) and a transmission assembly (4) are provided on the spray assembly (2). The spray assembly (2) includes a vertical cylinder (21) disposed inside the purification cylinder (11), and multiple liquid storage boxes (22) are symmetrically distributed on the outside of the vertical cylinder (21). Multiple spray heads (23) are symmetrically distributed on each liquid storage box (22). The telescopic component (3) includes through holes (31) symmetrically distributed on the vertical cylinder (21), two reciprocating screws (32) symmetrically distributed on the inner side of the vertical cylinder (21), the two reciprocating screws (32) are fixedly connected, and each of the two reciprocating screws (32) is provided with a nut (33), each nut (33) is provided with multiple limiting strips (34), the limiting strips (34) are slidably connected to the inner side of the corresponding through hole (31), and a connecting rod (35) is provided between the limiting strips (34) and the corresponding liquid storage box (22). The transmission assembly (4) includes a rotating plate (41) disposed on the vertical cylinder (21), the rotating plate (41) being rotatably connected to the purification cylinder (11), a groove being provided at the bottom of the purification cylinder (11), an internal gear (42) being provided on the rotating plate (41), a first gear (43) being provided at the bottom of the vertical cylinder (21), the first gear (43) being fixedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw (32), a second gear (44) being provided inside the groove, and the second gear (44) being meshed with the first gear (43) and the internal gear (42) respectively. The adjustment component includes a squeezing component (5) and an adjustment component (6) disposed inside the liquid storage box (22), and a pushing component (7) is disposed on the top of the liquid storage box (22). The extrusion assembly (5) includes two vertical rods (51) symmetrically distributed inside the liquid storage box (22), and multiple L-shaped rods (52) are staggered on both vertical rods (51). The liquid inlet ends of multiple spray heads (23) are provided with first hoses (53), and each first hose (53) is located between two opposite L-shaped rods (52). The adjustment component (6) includes racks (61) arranged alternately on two vertical rods (51), a third gear (62) is provided inside the liquid storage box (22), the third gear (62) meshes with the two racks (61) respectively, and a spring (63) is provided between one of the vertical rods (51) and the liquid storage box (22). The pushing assembly (7) includes multiple pushing plates (71) symmetrically distributed on the vertical cylinder (21). The pushing plates (71) are provided with pushing rods (72), and the pushing rods (72) are provided with sealing cylinders (73). The sealing cylinders (73) are fixedly connected to the liquid storage box (22), and the pushing rods (72) are slidably connected to the liquid storage box (22). One of the vertical rods (51) is provided with a wedge block (74), and the pushing rods (72) are slidably connected to the wedge block (74) on the inclined surface.

2. The waste gas treatment system for the preparation of benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a liquid inlet assembly (8), which includes a liquid inlet box (81) located at the top of the inner side of the purification cylinder (11). A liquid inlet pipe (82) is provided at the top of the purification cylinder (11). The liquid inlet pipe (82) is connected to the inner side of the liquid inlet box (81). Multiple second hoses (83) are symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the liquid inlet box (81). The second hoses (83) extend through the corresponding push plate (71) to the inner side of the liquid storage box (22).

3. The waste gas treatment system for the preparation of benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a rotating assembly (9), which includes a connecting shaft (91) set at the top of the purification cylinder (11). One end of the connecting shaft (91) is fixedly connected to the reciprocating screw (32), and the other end of the connecting shaft (91) is provided with a frustum column (92). The top of the purification cylinder (11) is also symmetrically distributed with two fixing plates (93). One of the fixing plates (93) is fixedly connected to the top of the purification cylinder (11). A straight rod (94) is provided between the two fixing plates (93). A roller (95) is provided on the straight rod (94). The roller (95) is tumbling connected to the frustum column (92). A threaded rod (96) is also provided between the two fixing plates (93). A U-shaped block (97) is provided on the threaded rod (96). The U-shaped block (97) is slidably connected to the roller (95). A drive motor (98) is provided on the top fixing plate (93). The output shaft of the drive motor (98) is fixedly connected to the straight rod (94).

4. A method for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst, applied to a waste gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Select a porous carrier, enlarge the pores by acid etching and wash it, and place it above the spiral air inlet pipe (12) in the purification cylinder (11). Start the exhaust fan (15) so that the acidic waste gas generated by roasting rises along the spiral flow channel and comes into contact with the alkaline purification liquid sprayed by the spray unit to neutralize it. The purified gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe (14) to avoid the overflow of pollutants. S2: The metal salt solution is loaded onto the carrier outside the purification cylinder (11), and then the loaded carrier is placed into the rotating spray area inside the cylinder. Excess free metal ions are cleaned by rotating spraying through the spray head (23). Wastewater is discharged through the liquid outlet pipe (16), and at the same time, inert gas is introduced through the spiral air inlet pipe (12) to dry the carrier and improve the uniformity of the load. S3: Place the carrier on the calcination support inside the purification cylinder (11), and introduce a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas for reduction. During this process, the organic volatiles generated diffuse through the air outlet (13) of the spiral air inlet pipe (12) and are captured by the absorbent sprayed by the spray head (23) to prevent the accumulation of waste gas during the reduction process. At the same time, the temperature of the spray liquid helps to regulate the reduction atmosphere inside the cylinder. S4: The formed catalyst particles are calcined at high temperature in the purification cylinder (11) to stabilize the crystal form. The zinc-containing aerosol particles generated by calcination flow with the spiral exhaust gas and are captured by the annular liquid curtain formed by the spray head (23). The purified gas is discharged through the exhaust fan (15). At the same time, the spray unit adjusts the spray speed to counteract the high-speed airflow to reduce the wear and loss of the catalyst particles.

5. The method for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst according to claim 4, characterized in that, In S2, after loading, the carrier is placed into the purification cylinder (11), and the residual metal ions are washed with the acidic purification liquid of the spray unit. The wastewater is discharged through the outlet pipe (16), and at the same time, the spiral airflow dries the carrier.

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