Rotary milling machine for enveloping worm

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of worm machining, in particular to an enveloping ring surface worm rotary milling machine which comprises a lathe bed, a first stand column is slidably connected to the left side of the lathe bed, a first sliding seat is slidably connected to the first stand column, a supporting seat is rotatably connected to the first sliding seat, a second sliding seat is slidably connected to the supporting seat, and a jacking mechanism is fixed to the front end of the second sliding seat. A clamping-rotating mechanism is fixed to the rear end of the lathe bed, a supporting block is arranged in the middle of the lathe bed, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the supporting block, an oil outlet mechanism is arranged on the supporting block, a second stand column is fixed to the right side of the lathe bed, a vertical adjusting mechanism is arranged on the second stand column, and a cutter head mounting table is arranged below the vertical adjusting mechanism; the worm machining precision, the cooling effect and the metal scrap cleaning effect are greatly improved, and meanwhile cutting oil is greatly saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of worm processing, in particular to an enveloping annular worm rotary milling machine. Background Art

[0002] During the production and processing of worms, the cylindrical workpiece must first be roughed, that is, the surface of the cylindrical workpiece is cut by a rotary milling machine until a spiral groove is cut out. The patent with application number CN201920847240.3 discloses a CNC nine-axis secondary enveloping worm multifunctional whirlwind milling machine. In this patent, the workpiece is fixed by clamping one end of the workpiece with a chuck and then tightening the other end of the workpiece with a top. Although this method can fix the workpiece, the cutting volume is large and the metal removal rate is greater than 50% during the worm processing process, and the cutting depth and force are also very large. Therefore, under this high-intensity cutting state, the worm may experience some slight vibration or even deformation, which will greatly affect the accuracy of the worm processing. In addition, the prior art, including the above-mentioned patent, often arranges two to three oil pipes above the worm to spray cutting oil at the position where the cutting blade cuts the workpiece for lubrication and cooling. This method of directly spraying cutting oil has the following disadvantages: 1) The cutting oil with a large flow rate is sprayed from the oil pipe to the cutting position of the cutting blade and then falls directly onto the machine tool, which has a very low utilization efficiency of the cutting oil and a large amount of cutting oil is wasted, resulting in high costs; 2) The cleaning effect of metal debris adhering to the thread groove is poor, which in turn affects the cutting effect; 3) The spraying of a large amount of cutting oil causes a large amount of oil mist pollution, so there is an urgent need for a rotary milling machine that can improve the processing accuracy of the worm, save cutting oil, improve the cooling effect and improve the metal debris cleaning effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (1) Technical problems solved

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine, which solves the problems existing in the existing technology, greatly improves the worm processing accuracy, cooling effect and metal debris cleaning effect, and also greatly saves cutting oil.

[0005] (2) Technical solution

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine, comprising a bed, a first column being slidably connected to the left side of the bed, a first slide being slidably connected to the first column, a support seat being rotatably connected to the first slide, a second slide being slidably connected to the support seat, a tightening mechanism being fixed to the front end of the second slide, a clamping-rotation mechanism being fixed to the rear end thereof, a support block being provided at the middle position thereof, an arc groove being provided on the support block, and an oil outlet mechanism being provided on the support block, a second column being fixed to the right side of the bed, a vertical adjustment mechanism being provided on the second column, and a cutter head mounting platform being provided below the vertical adjustment mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the oil outlet mechanism includes an arc-shaped passage arranged in the support block, and several arc-shaped passages are provided in the support block from front to back, and adjacent arc-shaped passages are connected, one of the arc-shaped passages is connected to a main liquid inlet passage, the main liquid inlet passage is arranged inside the support block, and the main liquid inlet passage is connected to a liquid inlet pipe, and the arc-shaped passage is connected to several liquid outlet passages from top to bottom on one side facing the arc-shaped groove, the liquid outlet passage is arranged inside the support block, and the liquid outlet passage is connected to the arc-shaped groove.

[0008] Preferably, the tightening mechanism includes a bracket fixed on the second slide, a first oil cylinder is fixed on the bracket, a top is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the first oil cylinder, the clamping-rotation mechanism includes a clamp seat fixed on the second slide, a B-axis motor is provided in the clamp seat, the B-axis motor is a direct drive motor, a main shaft is fixed through the center position of the main shaft, a clamping structure is provided in the main shaft, the clamping structure includes a chuck, the left end of the pull rod is fixed to the chuck, and the piston rod of the second oil cylinder is fixed to the right end of the pull rod.

[0009] Preferably, a first receiving groove is opened in the middle position of the right side of the first column, a Z-axis motor is fixed on the outer top surface of the first receiving groove, a first screw rod is fixed on the rotating shaft of the Z-axis motor, the lower end of the first screw rod is rotatably connected to the inner bottom surface of the first receiving groove, a first nut seat matching it is provided on the first screw rod, a first slide is fixed on the first nut seat, sliders are fixed on the front and rear parts of the left side of the first slide, and a slide rail matching the slider is fixed on the first column.

[0010] Preferably, an A-axis motor is fixed to the upper left side surface of the first slide, a first bevel gear is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating shaft of the A-axis motor, the first bevel gear is vertically meshed with the second bevel gear, a connecting shaft is passed through and fixed to the second bevel gear, the connecting shaft passes through the first slide, and a turntable is fixed to the right end of the connecting shaft, a support seat is fixed on the turntable, a second accommodating groove is provided on the right side surface of the support seat, a Y-axis motor is fixed on the rear outer wall of the second accommodating groove, a second screw rod is fixed on the rotating shaft of the Y-axis motor, the front end of the second screw rod is rotatably connected to the front inner wall of the second accommodating groove, the second screw rod is provided with a second nut seat matching it, and the second slide is fixed on the second nut seat.

[0011] Preferably, the vertical adjustment mechanism includes a support plate fixed on the second column, a third oil cylinder is fixed on the support plate, a third slide is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the third oil cylinder, the third slide is slidably connected to the second column, a tail stock is fixed on the third slide, and the bottom end of the tail stock is rotatably connected to a tightening block.

[0012] Preferably, the cutter disc mounting platform includes a base fixed on the bed, the base is rotatably connected to a turntable, a cutter disc mounting seat is fixed on the turntable, the cutter disc is detachably connected to the cutter disc mounting seat, a cavity is opened on the base, a C-axis motor is arranged in the cavity, and the rotating shaft of the C-axis motor is fixed on the bottom surface of the turntable.

[0013] Preferably, the arc-shaped groove is set to be semicircular, the three liquid outlet passages on the upper part of each arc-shaped passage are set to be inclined downward to the right, and the remaining liquid outlet passages are set to be horizontal to the right.

[0014] Preferably, the top of one of the arc-shaped passages is connected to a transverse passage connected to the outside world, a connecting pipe is fixed in the transverse passage, a one-way valve is provided on the connecting pipe, a metal hose is fixed to the right end of the connecting pipe, and an oil outlet is provided at the lower end of the metal hose.

[0015] Preferably, the support block is connected to the second slide seat through a U-shaped block with an opening to the right, and a rectangular cavity is formed between the U-shaped block and the left side of the support block. Several springs are fixed on the top and bottom walls of the rectangular cavity from front to back, and an impact ball is fixed on the free end of the spring. A rotating plate is provided on the side of the impact ball away from the support block, and a rotating rod is fixed on the rotating plate. The front and rear ends of the rotating rod are rotatably connected to the front and rear walls of the rectangular cavity respectively, and a cylindrical block is fixed on the side of the rotating plate away from the impact ball.

[0016] (3) Beneficial effects

[0017] 1. The present invention provides a support block and an arc groove. In the process of cutting with the cutting blade pressed against the left side of the workpiece for cutting, the support block on the right side of the workpiece limits and supports the workpiece very well. When the cutting amount is large, the cutting depth is deep, and the cutting force is large, the workpiece is well prevented from jumping and deforming, the stability of the workpiece is ensured, and the accuracy of worm processing is ultimately greatly improved. Furthermore, through the provision of the support block and the arc groove, the part of the workpiece in the arc groove is shielded during the processing to prevent metal debris generated during the cutting process from splashing onto it. In this way, when the part of the workpiece in the arc groove is rotated out of the arc groove for cutting, the metal debris adhered to it can be greatly reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of worm processing to a certain extent. Finally, during the processing, before the workpiece rotates clockwise into the arc groove, the bottom edge of the arc groove scrapes and cleans the metal debris adhered to the surface of the workpiece, which plays a good role in cleaning metal debris and further improves the accuracy of worm processing.

[0018] 2. The present invention sets an oil outlet mechanism on the support block. After the workpiece is installed and fixed and is ready for cutting, the liquid pump is started to extract the cutting oil. At this time, since the liquid outlet passage is blocked by the arc-shaped wall of the arc-shaped groove, in this state, on the one hand, the cutting oil in the liquid outlet passage exerts a rightward pressure on the workpiece, and this pressure further supports the workpiece, which can offset part of the cutting force of the cutting blade on the workpiece, and further ensure the stability of the workpiece during the cutting process. On the other hand, although the liquid outlet passage is blocked by the arc-shaped wall of the arc-shaped groove, a small amount of cutting oil can be removed. The cutting oil will still seep out, and this part of the cutting oil will lubricate and cool the workpiece, and at the same time greatly facilitate the rotation of the workpiece. As the cutting blade cuts the workpiece, the required spiral groove will be cut on the workpiece. With the appearance of the spiral groove, the liquid outlet passage corresponding to the spiral groove is unobstructed, and the cutting oil will be sprayed out from the liquid outlet passage. On the one hand, it lubricates and cools the spiral groove, and on the other hand, it washes away the metal debris adhering to the spiral groove. As the spiral groove is cut deeper and wider, the amount of cutting oil output also increases, and the workpiece that does not need to be cut The portion cut into a spiral groove will still block the liquid outlet passage of the corresponding portion, and the blocked liquid outlet passage will not spray cutting oil. In this way, the cutting oil is sprayed on demand, which greatly saves cutting oil. Moreover, the distance between the liquid outlet passage and the spiral groove is very close, and the cutting oil is directly sprayed toward the spiral groove, which not only has a good cooling and lubricating effect, but also greatly improves the effect of cleaning metal debris. In addition, since the workpiece rotates during the machining process, and the spiral groove is cut, the spray outlet of the same liquid outlet passage is alternately blocked and released during the machining process of the workpiece. state, this process can not only save cutting oil, but also increase the impact force of cutting oil on the spiral groove, while also ensuring the uniformity of the temperature of the outlet support block, thereby ensuring the cooling effect; in addition, by arranging an oil outlet mechanism in the support block, the cutting oil will first enter the support block before being sprayed out to cool the support block, and the arc groove on the support block wraps part of the workpiece, which has a good pre-cooling effect on the workpiece; finally, the cutting oil of this structure is sprayed towards the spiral groove wrapped by the arc groove, which has a good effect of blocking the diffusion of oil mist, thereby greatly reducing oil mist pollution.

[0019] 3. The present invention sets the arc groove into a semicircular shape. This setting wraps, limits, supports and cools the workpiece to the maximum extent under the premise of facilitating the workpiece to be stuck in the arc groove; the three liquid outlet passages on the upper part of the arc passage are set to be inclined to the lower right, which can not only flush the spiral grooves corresponding to the three liquid outlet passages, but also guide the cutting oil into the spiral groove outside the support block, and also play a good lubrication and cooling role on the spiral groove part outside the support block, which is convenient for cutting blades; the remaining liquid outlet passages are set to be horizontal to the right, which not only maximizes the pressure of the cutting oil on the workpiece to the right, but also has a good impact on the metal debris adhered in the spiral groove, so that the metal debris moves downward along the spiral groove from top to bottom with the cutting oil, and the horizontal liquid outlet passage at the lower end of the arc passage just flushes the metal debris flowing to this place to a distance in the horizontal direction, thereby avoiding the accumulation of metal debris.

[0020] 4. The present invention is provided with structures such as a transverse passage, a connecting pipe, a one-way valve, a metal hose and an oil outlet. In this way, before cutting, cutting oil is first introduced into the liquid inlet pipe at a certain flow rate. Since the spiral groove has not been cut on the workpiece at the beginning, after the cutting oil fills the arc passage and the liquid outlet passage in the support block, the cutting oil almost all enters the transverse passage. At this time, the flow rate of the cutting oil in the transverse passage is relatively large, which generates a large pressure on the one-way valve, thereby causing the one-way valve to open, and then allowing the cutting oil to enter the metal hose through the one-way valve, and finally spray out from the oil outlet to the cutting position. When cutting oil sprays out of the oil outlet, the cutting blade starts to cut the workpiece. As the cutting blade cuts the spiral groove on the workpiece, more and more cutting oil will be sprayed out from the liquid outlet. This process will gradually reduce the flow rate of the cutting oil in the transverse passage, thereby gradually reducing the pressure of the cutting oil on the one-way valve. When the pressure of the cutting oil on the one-way valve drops to After a certain value, the one-way valve is closed, and the cutting oil will not be sprayed out from the oil outlet. This process of dynamically adjusting the oil output of the oil outlet and the oil output of the liquid outlet passage is exactly the process of on-demand adjustment. At the beginning, the oil output of the oil outlet is large and rapid, which has a good cooling and lubricating effect on the cutting part. As the spiral groove is cut out, the cutting oil will be sprayed out from the liquid outlet passage corresponding to the spiral groove to cool and lubricate the spiral groove, and the cutting oil can also cool and lubricate the cutting part through the spiral groove. Therefore, the oil output of the oil outlet does not affect the cooling and lubrication of the cutting part in the process of continuous reduction. Moreover, when the liquid flow rate of the liquid inlet pipe remains unchanged, the reduction of the oil output of the oil outlet can increase the oil output and oil output force of the liquid outlet passage corresponding to the spiral groove, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication of the spiral groove, especially improving the impact force on the metal debris adhering to the spiral groove, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the metal debris, and ultimately improving the accuracy of worm processing.

[0021] 5. The present invention uses the arrangement of structures such as a U-shaped block, a spring, an impact ball, a rotating plate and a cylindrical block to impact the support block during the cutting process, which helps to loosen or even shake off the metal debris adhering to the support block and the workpiece, greatly improving the cleaning effect of the metal debris. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the support block and oil outlet mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the oil outlet mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism, the clamping-rotating mechanism and the workpiece fixed therebetween according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the clamping structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the first column, the first slide, the support seat, the second slide, the tightening mechanism, the clamping-rotating mechanism, the support block and the oil outlet mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the A-axis motor, first bevel gear, second bevel gear and connecting shaft of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the second column and vertical adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cutter head mounting platform of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the base, turntable, cutter head mounting seat, cavity and C-axis motor of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of one of the arc-shaped passages and the liquid outlet passage thereon in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the support block, arc-shaped passage, liquid outlet passage, transverse passage, connecting pipe, one-way valve, metal hose and oil outlet of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the support block, U-shaped block, rectangular cavity, spring, impact ball, rotating plate, rotating rod and cylindrical block of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1-bed, 2-first column, 3-first slide, 4-support seat, 5-second slide, 6-tightening mechanism, 7-clamping-rotation mechanism, 8-support block, 9-arc groove, 10-oil outlet mechanism, 11-second column, 12-vertical adjustment mechanism, 13-cutter mounting table, 14-arc passage, 15-main liquid inlet passage, 16-liquid inlet pipe, 17-liquid outlet passage, 18-bracket, 19-first oil cylinder, 20-top, 21-clamp seat, 22-B axis motor, 23-spindle, 24-clamping structure, 25-chuck, 26-pull rod, 27-second oil cylinder, 28-first accommodating groove, 29-Z axis motor, 30-slider, 31- slide rail, 32-A-axis motor, 33- first bevel gear, 34- second bevel gear, 35- connecting shaft, 36- turntable, 37-Y-axis motor, 38- support plate, 39- third oil cylinder, 40- third slide, 41- tailstock, 42- tightening block, 43- base, 44- turntable, 45- cutterhead mounting seat, 46- cutterhead, 47- cavity, 48- C-axis motor, 49-X-axis motor, 50- horizontal passage, 51- connecting pipe, 52- one-way valve, 53- metal hose, 54- oil outlet, 55- U-shaped block, 56- rectangular cavity, 57- spring, 58- impact ball, 59- turntable, 60- turning rod, 61- cylindrical block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following is a combination of the embodiments of the present invention Figures 1-13 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The present invention provides a technical solution: an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine, comprising a bed 1, a first column 2 being slidably connected to the left side of the bed 1, a first slide 3 being slidably connected to the first column 2, a support seat 4 being rotatably connected to the first slide 3, a second slide 5 being slidably connected to the support seat 4, a tightening mechanism 6 being fixed to the front end of the second slide 5, a clamping-rotation mechanism 7 being fixed to the rear end thereof, a support block 8 being provided at the middle position thereof, an arc groove 9 being provided on the support block 8, and an oil outlet mechanism 10 being provided on the support block 8, a second column 11 being fixed to the right side of the bed 1, a vertical adjustment mechanism 12 being provided on the second column 11, and a cutter head mounting platform 13 being provided below the vertical adjustment mechanism 12. During operation, one end of the workpiece to be processed is first clamped by the clamping-rotating mechanism 7. At this time, the part of the workpiece to be cut is just stuck in the arc groove 9 on the support block 8, that is, the arc wall of the arc groove 9 just wraps the left part of the workpiece, and the arc wall of the arc groove 9 contacts the outer wall of the wrapped part of the workpiece. Then, the other end of the workpiece is tightened by the clamping mechanism 6, thus completing the installation and fixation of the workpiece. After that, the position of the workpiece is adjusted to the cutting position, wherein the up and down position of the workpiece is adjusted by sliding the first slide 3 up and down, and the angle of the workpiece is adjusted by rotating the first slide 3 and the support seat 4. wherein the left and right position of the workpiece is adjusted by sliding the first column 2 left and right. After the position of the workpiece is adjusted to the grinding position, that is, the workpiece is against the cutting blade, and then the workpiece is cut by rotating, moving back and forth, and adjusting the position of the workpiece until the required thread groove is cut on the workpiece. During the cutting process, the workpiece is rotated by the clamping-rotating mechanism 7, and the front and rear position of the workpiece is adjusted by sliding the second slide 5 forward and backward. In addition, during the cutting process, the workpiece is adjusted accordingly in terms of up, down, left, right, and angle. During the cutting process, the oil outlet mechanism 10 maintains the oil outlet state to cool and lubricate the workpiece and the cutting blade. The left and right movement of the first column 2 on the bed 1 is achieved by a screw structure, specifically, including an X-axis motor 49 fixed to the left side of the bed 1, a screw is fixed on the rotating shaft of the X-axis motor 49, a nut seat is provided on the screw, and the first column 2 is fixed on the nut seat, so as to achieve the left and right movement of the first column 2 and finally the left and right movement of the workpiece. In order to adapt to the processing of worms of different sizes, the support block 8 and the second slide 5 can be set to be detachably connected, and the support block 8 that matches the size of the worm to be processed is selected in advance, and the support block 8 is installed on the second slide 5.The present invention provides a support block 8 and an arc-shaped groove 9. When the cutting blade is pressed against the left side of the workpiece for cutting, the support block 8 on the right side of the workpiece effectively limits and supports the workpiece. Under conditions of large cutting volume, deep cutting depth, and strong cutting force, the workpiece is effectively prevented from bouncing and deforming, ensuring the stability of the workpiece, and ultimately greatly improving the precision of worm processing. Furthermore, the support block 8 and the arc-shaped groove 9 shield the portion of the workpiece within the arc-shaped groove 9 during the processing process, preventing metal debris generated during the cutting process from splashing onto it. In this way, when the portion of the workpiece within the arc-shaped groove 9 is rotated out of the arc-shaped groove 9 for cutting, the amount of metal debris adhering to it can be greatly reduced, thereby improving the precision of worm processing to a certain extent, because metal debris adhering to the workpiece will affect the cutting precision of the worm. Finally, during the processing process, before the workpiece rotates clockwise into the arc-shaped groove 9, the bottom edge of the arc-shaped groove 9 scrapes and cleans the metal debris adhering to the surface of the workpiece, playing an effective role in cleaning metal debris and further improving the precision of worm processing.

[0038] The oil outlet mechanism 10 includes an arcuate passage 14 disposed within the support block 8. Several arcuate passages 14 are provided from front to back within the support block 8, with adjacent arcuate passages 14 interconnected. One of the arcuate passages 14 is connected to a main liquid inlet passage 15 disposed within the support block 8 and connected to a liquid inlet pipe 16. The side of the arcuate passage 14 facing the arcuate groove 9 is connected from top to bottom to several liquid outlet passages 17 disposed within the support block 8 and connected to the arcuate groove 9. This is the specific structure of the oil outlet mechanism 10, and the principle is as follows: the liquid inlet pipe 16 is connected to a cutting oil storage tank. The cutting oil in the cutting oil storage tank is pumped into the liquid inlet pipe 16 by a liquid pump, then enters the main liquid inlet passage 15 within the support block 8, then enters the arcuate passage 14 through the main liquid inlet passage 15, and is then ejected from the liquid outlet passage 17. The liquid inlet pipe 16 has a suitable margin to ensure that the workpiece is not affected during the process of up, down, left, right, front, back and rotation. After the workpiece is installed and fixed and is ready for cutting, the liquid pump is started to extract the cutting oil. At this time, since the liquid outlet passage 17 is blocked by the arc-shaped wall of the arc groove 9, in this state, on the one hand, the cutting oil in the liquid outlet passage 17 exerts a rightward pressure on the workpiece, and this pressure further supports the workpiece, and can offset part of the cutting force of the cutting blade on the workpiece, further ensuring the stability of the workpiece during the cutting process. On the other hand, although the liquid outlet passage 17 is blocked by the arc-shaped wall of the arc groove 9, a small amount of cutting oil will still seep out. This part of the cutting oil will lubricate and cool the workpiece, and it will also greatly facilitate the rotation of the workpiece. As the cutting blade cuts the workpiece, the required thread groove will be cut on the workpiece. As the thread is cut, With the appearance of the groove, the liquid outlet passage 17 corresponding to the thread groove is unobstructed, so cutting oil will be sprayed out from the liquid outlet passage 17, on the one hand lubricating and cooling the thread groove, and on the other hand flushing the metal debris adhering to the thread groove. As the thread groove is cut deeper and wider, the amount of cutting oil output also increases. The part of the workpiece that does not need to be cut into a thread groove will still block the liquid outlet passage 17 of its corresponding part. The blocked liquid outlet passage 17 will not spray cutting oil. In this way, cutting oil is sprayed on demand, which greatly saves cutting oil. Moreover, the distance between the liquid outlet passage 17 and the thread groove is very close, and the cutting oil is sprayed directly at the thread groove, which not only has good cooling and lubricating effects, but also greatly improves the effect of cleaning metal debris.In addition, since the workpiece rotates during machining and the spiral groove is cut, the outlet of the same liquid outlet passage 17 is alternately blocked and released during the workpiece machining process. This process not only saves cutting oil, but also increases the impact force of the cutting oil on the spiral groove. At the same time, it also ensures the uniformity of the temperature of the liquid outlet support block 8, thereby ensuring the cooling effect. Because if part of the liquid outlet passage 17 is always blocked, the cutting oil in this part of the liquid outlet passage 17 will not have the opportunity to be ejected. The cutting oil in this part of the liquid outlet passage 17 will gradually heat up, resulting in uneven temperature of the entire support block 8, thereby affecting the cooling effect. In addition, by providing the arc passage 14, the main liquid inlet passage 15 and the liquid outlet passage 17 in the support block 8, the cutting oil will first enter the support block 8 before being ejected, cooling the support block 8. The arc groove 9 on the support block 8 covers part of the workpiece, which has a good pre-cooling effect on the workpiece. Finally, the cutting oil of this structure is sprayed towards the spiral groove covered by the arc groove 9, which has a good effect of blocking the diffusion of oil mist and greatly reducing oil mist pollution. The number and density of the arc passages 14 and the liquid outlet passages 17 in the support block 8 are specifically set according to the size of the thread groove required to be cut on the workpiece, ensuring that the arc groove 9 portion corresponding to the thread groove has sufficient liquid outlet passages 17.

[0039] The clamping mechanism 6 includes a bracket 18 fixed to the second slide 5, a first oil cylinder 19 fixed to the bracket 18, and a centering pin 20 fixed to the end of the piston rod of the first oil cylinder 19. The clamping and rotating mechanism 7 includes a clamping base 21 fixed to the second slide 5, and a B-axis motor 22 mounted within the clamping base 21. The B-axis motor 22 is a direct-drive motor, and a spindle 23 is fixed through the center of the motor. A clamping structure 24 is mounted within the spindle 23. The clamping structure 24 includes a chuck 25, to which the left end of a pull rod 26 is fixed, and the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 27 is fixed to the right end of the pull rod 26. The operating principle of the clamping mechanism 6 is as follows: when the workpiece needs to be clamped, the first oil cylinder 19 is activated, and its piston rod extends, driving the centering pin 20 toward the workpiece until it abuts against the end of the workpiece, thereby performing a centering and abutting function. The end of the workpiece is provided with an embedded groove that matches the centering pin 20. The clamping and rotating mechanism 7 not only clamps the workpiece but also rotates it. Its operating principle is as follows: When a workpiece needs to be clamped, the second oil cylinder 27 is activated, and its piston rod retracts, pulling the pull rod 26 toward the second oil cylinder 27, which in turn pulls the chuck 25 into the spindle 23 until the chuck 25 can no longer move into the spindle 23. At this point, the chuck 25 firmly clamps the end of the workpiece. When the workpiece needs to be released, the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 27 simply moves in the opposite direction. The spindle 23 contains a cavity for the pull rod 26 and the chuck 25 to move. The chuck 25 is a three-jaw type, which is conventional and will not be described in detail here. When the chuck 25 clamps the workpiece, it is equivalent to fixing the entire clamping structure 24 to the spindle 23. Therefore, to rotate the workpiece, it only needs to start the B-axis motor 22 to drive the spindle 23 to rotate, which in turn drives the clamping structure 24 within the spindle 23 to rotate, and then drives the workpiece clamped by the clamping structure 24 to rotate, thereby achieving rotation of the workpiece. The second oil cylinder 27 is rotatably connected to the fixture base 21. The B-axis motor 22 is configured as a direct drive motor, so that the rotation of the workpiece is directly driven by the direct drive motor, which further improves the accuracy of worm processing.

[0040] A first receiving slot 28 is provided in the middle of the right side of the first column 2. A Z-axis motor 29 is fixed to the outer top surface of the first receiving slot 28. A first screw is fixed to the rotating shaft of the Z-axis motor 29. The lower end of the first screw is rotatably connected to the inner bottom surface of the first receiving slot 28. A first nut seat matching the first screw is provided on the first screw, and a first slide 3 is fixed to the first nut seat. Slide blocks 30 are fixed to the front and rear portions of the left side of the first slide 3. A slide rail 31 matching the slide block 30 is fixed to the first column 2. This is a specific method for achieving a sliding connection between the column 2 and the first slide 3. When the first slide 3 needs to be raised, the Z-axis motor 29 is started, which in turn drives the first screw to rotate, thereby driving the first nut seat to rise along the first screw, and then driving the first slide 3 fixed to the first nut seat to rise. When the first slide 3 needs to be lowered, the Z-axis motor 29 only needs to rotate in the opposite direction. The arrangement of the slide block 30 and the slide rail 31 makes the lifting and lowering of the first slide 3 more stable.

[0041] An A-axis motor 32 is fixed to the upper left side of the first slide 3, and a first bevel gear 33 is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating shaft of the A-axis motor 32. The first bevel gear 33 is vertically meshed with a second bevel gear 34, and a connecting shaft 35 is fixed through the second bevel gear 34. The connecting shaft 35 passes through the first slide 3, and a turntable 36 is fixed to the right end of the connecting shaft 35. A support base 4 is fixed on the turntable 36. A second accommodating groove is provided on the right side of the support base 4, and a Y-axis motor 37 is fixed on the rear outer wall of the second accommodating groove. A second screw rod is fixed on the rotating shaft of the Y-axis motor 37, and the front end of the second screw rod is rotatably connected to the front inner wall of the second accommodating groove. The second screw rod is provided with a second nut seat matching it, and the second slide 5 is fixed on the second nut seat. When the support base 4 needs to be rotated to a certain angle, the A-axis motor 32 is started, and its rotating shaft rotates to drive the first bevel gear 33 to rotate, which in turn drives the second bevel gear 34 to rotate, which in turn drives the connecting shaft 35 to rotate, which in turn drives the turntable 36 to rotate, which in turn drives the support base 4 to rotate, and finally drives the workpiece to rotate. The connecting shaft 35 is rotationally connected to the first slide 3. When the second slide 5 needs to slide forward, the Y-axis motor 37 is started, driving the second screw rod to rotate, which in turn drives the second nut seat to slide forward along the second screw rod, and then drives the second slide 5 fixed to the second nut seat to slide forward. When the second slide 5 needs to slide backward, the Y-axis motor 37 only needs to run in the reverse direction.

[0042] The vertical adjustment mechanism 12 includes a support plate 38 fixed to the second column 11, a third oil cylinder 39 fixed to the support plate 38, a third slide 40 fixed to the end of the piston rod of the third oil cylinder 39, the third slide 40 being slidably connected to the second column 11, a tailstock 41 fixed to the third slide 40, and a clamping block 42 rotatably connected to the bottom end of the tailstock 41. This is the specific structure of the vertical adjustment mechanism 12. When in operation, the third oil cylinder 39 is activated, and its piston rod extends, driving the third slide 40 to slide downward along the second column 11, thereby driving the tailstock 41 downward, and then driving the clamping block 42 downward until the clamping block 42 firmly presses the cutterhead 46, greatly improving the stability of the cutterhead 46 during the cutting process. The provision of the third oil cylinder 39 can achieve high pressure compression on the cutterhead 46, enhancing the compression effect, further improving the stability of the cutterhead 46 during the cutting process, and thus improving the accuracy of workpiece processing.

[0043] The cutterhead mounting platform 13 comprises a base 43 fixed to the bed 1. The base 43 is rotatably connected to a turntable 44. A cutterhead mounting seat 45 is fixed to the turntable 44. A cutterhead 46 is detachably connected to the cutterhead mounting seat 45. The base 43 defines a cavity 47, which houses a C-axis motor 48. The rotational shaft of the C-axis motor 48 is fixed to the bottom surface of the turntable 44. This is the specific structure of the cutterhead mounting platform 13. The cutterhead 46 is mounted on the cutterhead mounting seat 45, and the connection between the cutterhead 46 and the cutterhead mounting seat 45 is threaded. The C-axis motor 48 rotates the turntable 44, which in turn rotates the cutterhead mounting seat 45, and ultimately, the cutterhead 46. The cutter disc 46 is provided with a plurality of cutting blades distributed at equal intervals. When a cutting blade on the cutter disc 46 has been cutting for a certain period of time, the cutter disc 46 can be rotated to replace the next cutting blade for cutting. This not only greatly improves the efficiency of replacing the cutting blade, but also provides good protection for the cutting blade, preventing the cutting blade from being damaged due to working for too long. This not only greatly improves the cutting efficiency, but also extends the service life of the cutting blade and reduces the cost.

[0044] The arc groove 9 is configured as a semicircular shape. The three liquid outlet passages 17 at the top of each arc passage 14 are configured to be inclined downward to the right, while the remaining liquid outlet passages 17 are configured to be horizontal and rightward. The arc groove 8 is configured as a semicircular shape. This configuration allows the workpiece to be easily inserted into the arc groove 8, while providing maximum wrapping, positioning, support, and cooling for the workpiece. The three liquid outlet passages 17 at the top of the arc passage 14 are configured to be inclined downward to the right. This configuration not only flushes the spiral grooves corresponding to these three liquid outlet passages 17, but also directs the cutting oil into the spiral grooves on the outside of the support block 8, effectively lubricating and cooling the spiral groove portion on the outside of the support block 8, facilitating cutting by the cutting blade. The remaining liquid outlet passage 17 is set to be horizontal and rightward, which not only maximizes the rightward pressure of the cutting oil on the workpiece, but also has a good impact on the metal debris adhering to the spiral groove, so that the metal debris is moved downward along the spiral groove from top to bottom with the cutting oil, and the horizontal liquid outlet passage 17 at the lower end of the arc-shaped passage 14 just flushes the metal debris flowing thereto horizontally to a distance, thereby avoiding the accumulation of metal debris.

[0045] The top of one of the arcuate passages 14 is connected to a transverse passage 50 that communicates with the outside world. A connecting pipe 51 is fixed within transverse passage 50, which is equipped with a one-way valve 52. A metal hose 53 is fixed to the right end of connecting pipe 51, and an oil outlet 54 is provided at the lower end of metal hose 53. The number and density of the arcuate passages 14 are set according to actual needs. When the number of arcuate passages 14 is odd, the top of the middle arcuate passage 14 is selected to provide the transverse passage 50. When the number of arcuate passages 14 is even, either of the two middle arcuate passages 14 can be selected to provide the transverse passage. At the beginning of cutting, since the spiral groove has not yet been cut, there are still deficiencies in cooling and lubricating the cut surface. This configuration solves this problem by aligning the oil outlet 54 of the metal hose 53 above the cut surface before cutting. This configuration of the metal hose 53 allows the oil outlet 54 to be adjusted to the desired position, making adjustment easier. Before cutting, cutting oil is first introduced into the liquid inlet pipe 16 at a certain flow rate. Since the spiral groove has not been cut on the workpiece at the beginning, after the cutting oil fills the arc passage 14 and the liquid outlet passage 17 in the support block 8, the cutting oil almost all enters the transverse passage 50. At this time, the flow rate of the cutting oil in the transverse passage 50 is relatively large, which generates a large pressure on the one-way valve 52, thereby causing the one-way valve 52 to open, and then the cutting oil enters the metal hose 53 through the one-way valve 52, and finally sprays out from the oil outlet 54 to the cutting position. When cutting oil is sprayed out of the oil outlet 54, the cutting blade starts to cut the workpiece. As the cutting blade cuts the spiral groove on the workpiece, more and more cutting oil will be sprayed out from the liquid outlet passage 17. This process will gradually reduce the flow rate of the cutting oil in the transverse passage 50, thereby gradually reducing the pressure of the cutting oil on the one-way valve 52. When the pressure of the cutting oil on the one-way valve 52 drops to a certain value, the one-way valve 52 is closed. , the cutting oil will not be sprayed out from the oil outlet 54. This process of dynamically adjusting the oil output of the oil outlet 54 and the oil output of the liquid outlet passage 17 is just an on-demand adjustment process. At the beginning, the oil output of the oil outlet 54 is large and rapid, which has a good cooling and lubricating effect on the cutting part. As the spiral groove is cut out, the cutting oil will be sprayed out from the liquid outlet passage 17 corresponding to the spiral groove to cool and lubricate the spiral groove, and the cutting oil can also cool and lubricate the cutting part through the spiral groove. Therefore, the oil output of the oil outlet 54 does not affect the cooling and lubrication of the cutting part in the process of continuous reduction. Moreover, when the liquid flow rate of the liquid inlet pipe 16 remains unchanged, the reduction of the oil output of the oil outlet 54 can increase the oil output and oil output force of the liquid outlet passage corresponding to the spiral groove, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication of the spiral groove, especially improving the impact force on the metal debris adhering to the spiral groove, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the metal debris, and ultimately improving the accuracy of worm processing.

[0046] The support block 8 is connected to the second slide 5 through a U-shaped block 55 with an opening to the right. A rectangular cavity 56 is formed between the U-shaped block 55 and the left side of the support block 8. Several springs 57 are fixed on the top and bottom walls of the rectangular cavity 56 from front to back. An impact ball 58 is fixed on the free end of the spring 57. A rotating plate 59 is provided on the side of the impact ball 58 away from the support block 8. A rotating rod 60 is fixed on the rotating plate 59. The front and rear ends of the rotating rod 60 are rotatably connected to the front and rear walls of the rectangular cavity 56 respectively. A cylindrical block 61 is fixed on the side of the rotating plate 59 away from the impact ball 58. During the workpiece cutting process, vibration is generated. The vibration is transmitted to the spring 57 through the support block 8, causing the spring 57 to move irregularly, such as up and down or left and right, thereby driving the impact ball 58 to move. The impact ball 58 is very close to the left and right walls of the rectangular cavity 56, so the impact ball 58 can easily impact the right wall of the rectangular cavity 56, that is, impact the support block 8. This impact on the support block 8 helps to loosen or even shake off metal debris adhering to the support block 8 and the workpiece, greatly improving the cleaning effect of metal debris. The setting of the rotating plate 59 further provides power for the impact ball 58 to impact the support block 8, playing the role of pushing the impact ball 58 toward the support block 8, thereby increasing the impact force, improving the continuity of the impact, and thus improving the impact effect. The setting of the cylindrical block 61 makes the rotating plate 59 light at one end and heavy at the other end. This, on the one hand, is more conducive to the rotation of the rotating plate 59, and on the other hand, it strengthens the impact force on the support block 8.

[0047] Working principle: When working, first clamp one end of the workpiece to be processed with the clamping-rotating mechanism 7. At this time, the part of the workpiece that needs to be cut is just stuck in the arc groove 9 on the support block 8, that is, the arc wall of the arc groove 9 just wraps the left part of the workpiece, and the arc wall of the arc groove 9 contacts the outer wall of the wrapped part of the workpiece. Then, the other end of the workpiece is tightened by the clamping mechanism 6, thus completing the installation and fixation of the workpiece. Then, the position of the workpiece is adjusted to the cutting position, wherein the up and down position of the workpiece is adjusted by sliding the first slide 3 up and down, and the angle of the workpiece is adjusted by the rotation connection between the first slide 3 and the support seat 4, wherein the left and right position of the workpiece is adjusted by sliding the first column 2 left and right. After the position of the workpiece is adjusted to the grinding position, that is, the workpiece is against the cutting blade, and then the workpiece is cut by rotating, moving back and forth, and adjusting the position of the workpiece until the required thread groove is cut on the workpiece. During the cutting process, the workpiece is rotated by the clamping-rotating mechanism 7, and the front and rear position of the workpiece is adjusted by sliding the second slide 5 forward and backward. In addition, during the cutting process, the workpiece is adjusted accordingly in terms of up, down, left, right, and angle. During the cutting process, the oil outlet mechanism 10 maintains the oil outlet state to cool and lubricate the workpiece and the cutting blade. The left and right movement of the first column 2 on the bed 1 is achieved by a screw structure, specifically, including an X-axis motor 49 fixed to the left side of the bed 1, a screw is fixed on the rotating shaft of the X-axis motor 49, a nut seat is provided on the screw, and the first column 2 is fixed on the nut seat, so as to achieve the left and right movement of the first column 2 and finally the left and right movement of the workpiece. In order to adapt to the processing of worms of different sizes, the support block 8 and the second slide 5 can be set to be detachably connected, and the support block 8 that matches the size of the worm to be processed is selected in advance, and the support block 8 is installed on the second slide 5. The present invention provides the support block 8 and the arc-shaped groove 9. When the cutting blade is pressed against the left side of the workpiece for cutting, the support block 8 on the right side of the workpiece effectively limits and supports the workpiece. When the cutting amount is large, the cutting depth is deep, and the cutting force is large, the workpiece is effectively prevented from bouncing and deforming, ensuring the stability of the workpiece, and ultimately greatly improving the accuracy of worm processing. Furthermore, by providing the support block 8 and the arc-shaped groove 9, the portion of the workpiece in the arc-shaped groove 9 is shielded during the processing process to prevent metal debris generated during the cutting process from splashing onto it. In this way, when the portion of the workpiece in the arc-shaped groove 9 is rotated out of the arc-shaped groove 9 for cutting, the metal debris adhering to it can be greatly reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of worm processing to a certain extent, because the metal debris adhering to the workpiece will affect the cutting accuracy of the worm.Finally, during the processing, before the workpiece rotates clockwise into the arc groove 9, the bottom edge of the arc groove 9 scrapes and cleans the metal debris adhering to the surface of the workpiece, which plays a good role in cleaning the metal debris and further improves the accuracy of worm processing.

[0048] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An enveloping toroidal worm milling machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bed (1), wherein the left side of the bed (1) is slidably connected to a first column (2), the first column (2) is slidably connected to a first slide (3), the first slide (3) is rotatably connected to a support seat (4), the support seat (4) is slidably connected to a second slide (5), the front end of the second slide (5) is fixed with a tightening mechanism (6), the rear end of the second slide (5) is fixed with a clamping-rotation mechanism (7), a support block (8) is provided at the middle position, the support block (8) is provided with an arc groove (9), and the support block (8) is provided with an oil outlet mechanism (10), the right side of the bed (1) is fixed with a second column (11), the second column (11) is provided with a vertical adjustment mechanism (12), and a cutter head mounting platform (13) is provided below the vertical adjustment mechanism (12).

2. The enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil outlet mechanism (10) comprises an arcuate passage (14) arranged in the support block (8), wherein a plurality of arcuate passages (14) are arranged from front to back in the support block (8), and adjacent arcuate passages (14) are connected, wherein one of the arcuate passages (14) is connected to a liquid inlet main passage (15), wherein the liquid inlet main passage (15) is arranged inside the support block (8), and the liquid inlet main passage (15) is connected to a liquid inlet pipe (16), and the arcuate passage (14) is connected to a plurality of liquid outlet passages (17) from top to bottom on a side facing the arcuate groove (9), wherein the liquid outlet passages (17) are arranged inside the support block (8), and the liquid outlet passages (17) are connected to the arcuate groove (9).

3. The enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (6) includes a bracket (18) fixed on the second slide (5), a first oil cylinder (19) fixed on the bracket (18), a top (20) fixed on the end of the piston rod of the first oil cylinder (19), and the clamping-rotating mechanism (7) includes a clamp seat (21) fixed on the second slide (5), a B-axis motor (22) is provided in the clamp seat (21), the B-axis motor (22) is a direct drive motor, a main shaft (23) is fixed at its center position, a clamping structure (24) is provided in the main shaft (23), the clamping structure (24) includes a chuck (25), the chuck (25) is fixed with the left end of the pull rod (26), and the right end of the pull rod (26) is fixed with the piston rod of the second oil cylinder (27).

4. The enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first receiving groove (28) is provided at the middle position of the right side of the first column (2), a Z-axis motor (29) is fixed on the outer top surface of the first receiving groove (28), a first screw rod is fixed on the rotating shaft of the Z-axis motor (29), the lower end of the first screw rod is rotatably connected to the inner bottom surface of the first receiving groove (28), a first nut seat matching the first screw rod is provided on the first screw rod, the first slide (3) is fixed on the first nut seat, sliders (30) are fixed on the front and rear parts of the left side of the first slide (3), and a slide rail (31) matching the slider (30) is fixed on the first column (2).

5. The enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An A-axis motor (32) is fixed to the upper left side of the first slide (3), a first bevel gear (33) is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating shaft of the A-axis motor (32), the first bevel gear (33) is vertically meshed with a second bevel gear (34), a connecting shaft (35) is passed through and fixed to the second bevel gear (34), the connecting shaft (35) passes through the first slide (3), and a turntable (36) is fixed to the right end of the connecting shaft (35), the support seat (4) is fixed on the turntable (36), a second receiving groove is provided on the right side of the support seat (4), a Y-axis motor (37) is fixed on the rear outer wall of the second receiving groove, a second screw rod is fixed on the rotating shaft of the Y-axis motor (37), the front end of the second screw rod is rotatably connected to the front inner wall of the second receiving groove, a second nut seat matching the second screw rod is provided on the second screw rod, and the second slide (5) is fixed on the second nut seat.

6. The enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical adjustment mechanism (12) includes a support plate (38) fixed on the second column (11), a third oil cylinder (39) is fixed on the support plate (38), a third slide (40) is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the third oil cylinder (39), the third slide (40) is slidably connected to the second column (11), a tailstock (41) is fixed on the third slide (40), and the bottom end of the tailstock (41) is rotatably connected to a tightening block (42).

7. The enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter disc mounting platform (13) includes a base (43) fixed on the bed (1), the base (43) is rotatably connected to a turntable (44), a cutter disc mounting seat (45) is fixed on the turntable (44), and a cutter disc (46) is detachably connected to the cutter disc mounting seat (45), a cavity (47) is provided on the base (43), a C-axis motor (48) is provided in the cavity (47), and a rotating shaft of the C-axis motor (48) is fixed on the bottom surface of the turntable (44).

8. The enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arc-shaped groove (8) is configured to be semicircular, the three liquid outlet passages (17) on the upper portion of each arc-shaped passage (19) are configured to be inclined downward to the right, and the remaining liquid outlet passages (17) are configured to be horizontal and directed to the right.

9. The enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top end of one of the arc-shaped passages (14) is connected to a transverse passage (50) connected to the outside world. A connecting pipe (51) is fixed in the transverse passage (50). A one-way valve (52) is provided on the connecting pipe (51). A metal hose (53) is fixed at the right end of the connecting pipe (51). An oil outlet (54) is provided at the lower end of the metal hose (53).

10. The enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support block (8) is connected to the second slide seat (5) through a U-shaped block (55) with an opening to the right. A rectangular cavity (56) is formed between the U-shaped block (55) and the left side of the support block (8). A plurality of springs (57) are fixed on the top wall and the bottom wall of the rectangular cavity (56) from front to back. A collision ball (58) is fixed on the free end of the spring (57). A rotating plate (59) is provided on the side of the collision ball (58) away from the support block (8). A rotating rod (60) is fixed on the rotating plate (59). The front and rear ends of the rotating rod (60) are rotatably connected to the front and rear walls of the rectangular cavity (56) respectively. A cylindrical block (61) is fixed on the side of the rotating plate (59) away from the collision ball (58).

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