A process control method and system for producing light oil from waste tires

Abstract

This application relates to the field of tire recycling and processing technology, and in particular to a process control method and system for producing light oil from waste tires. The method includes: acquiring raw material characteristic data of waste tires; determining a set of pretreatment parameters based on the raw material characteristic data; controlling the processing equipment to process the waste tires according to the pretreatment parameter set, and acquiring real-time material information after processing; analyzing the real-time material information to obtain material characteristics, and determining the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material characteristics; and controlling the processing equipment to upgrade the material according to the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere to obtain light oil that meets standards. Dynamically adjusting the pyrolysis temperature and reaction atmosphere effectively controls sulfur migration and metal catalytic activity, improving the yield and quality of light oil and reducing the generation of harmful substances. Through refining, light oil that meets standards is obtained, increasing commercial value while reducing environmental pollution.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of tire recycling and processing, in particular to a process control method and system for producing light oil from waste tires. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for environmental protection and the shortage of resources, the recycling and utilization of waste tires has gradually become an important research direction. The treatment methods of waste tires mainly include mechanical crushing, pyrolysis and incineration, etc., among which the pyrolysis technology has become the focus of research because it can decompose waste tires at a lower temperature and obtain light oil, carbon black and gas with commercial value.

[0003] The existing technology often causes high energy consumption, unstable oil quality, low product utilization rate and other problems in the treatment of waste tires. Therefore, how to effectively improve the yield and quality of cracked oil is the core problem in the pyrolysis technology of waste tires. SUMMARY

[0004] The application provides a process control method and system for producing light oil from waste tires to solve the above problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, the application provides a process control method for producing light oil from waste tires, which comprises:

[0006] Obtaining raw material characteristic data of waste tires, and determining a set of pretreatment parameters according to the raw material characteristic data;

[0007] According to the set of pretreatment parameters, controlling the processing equipment to process the waste tires, and obtaining real-time material information after processing;

[0008] Analyzing the real-time material information to obtain material characteristics, and determining a dynamic cracking temperature and a dynamic reaction atmosphere according to the material characteristics;

[0009] According to the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, controlling the processing equipment to upgrade the material to obtain light oil meeting the standard.

[0010] By this scheme, by collecting the raw material characteristic data of waste tires, scientific basis is provided for the determination of the pretreatment parameter set, which helps to improve the pertinence and efficiency of the pretreatment process. According to the pretreatment parameter set, the treatment equipment such as the crusher, the separator and the dryer is controlled to treat the waste tires, which helps to reduce the migration of sulfur, improve the recovery rate of metal and improve the drying efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and provide high-quality raw materials for the cracking process. Real-time monitoring of material information helps to discover and handle problems in a timely manner, ensuring the effectiveness of the pretreatment process. Through analysis of real-time material information, it helps to guide the adjustment of dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere. According to the material characteristics, the migration of sulfur and the catalytic activity of metal are effectively controlled, the yield and quality of light oil are improved, and the generation of harmful substances is reduced. Through refining treatment, light oil meeting the standard is obtained, the commercial value is improved, and environmental pollution is reduced.

[0011] Optionally, the determination of the pretreatment parameter set according to the raw material characteristic data comprises:

[0012] determining the tire sulfur content, the tire metal content and the tire type according to the raw material characteristic data;

[0013] determining the crushing particle size according to the tire sulfur content and the tire type;

[0014] determining the metal component proportion by analyzing the metal content;

[0015] determining the separation strategy according to the metal component proportion;

[0016] determining the drying temperature according to the tire type;

[0017] determining the crushing particle size, the separation strategy and the drying temperature as the treatment parameters, and generating the pretreatment parameter set.

[0018] By this scheme, the determination of the tire sulfur content, the metal content and the tire type helps to predict the behavior in the cracking process, such as the sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index, etc., thereby optimizing the pretreatment and cracking process. The crushing particle size helps to reduce the sulfur migration coefficient, improve the recovery rate of metal, and optimize the heat transfer efficiency of the cracking process. Determining the metal component proportion helps to determine the separation strategy of metal, improve the metal recovery efficiency, and reduce the negative impact of metal on the cracking reaction. The separation strategy helps to effectively recover metal, reduce the interference of metal on the cracking process, and improve the quality and yield of light oil. The appropriate drying temperature helps to remove the moisture in the tire, reduce the adverse effects of moisture in the cracking process. The generation of the pretreatment parameter set ensures the standardization and repeatability of the pretreatment process, which helps to improve the efficiency and product quality of the entire process.

[0019] Optionally, the determination of the drying temperature according to the tire type comprises:

[0020] Obtain tire raw material moisture detection data;

[0021] According to the moisture detection data, determine the raw material moisture content;

[0022] According to the tire type and the raw material moisture content, determine the drying temperature.

[0023] Through this scheme, the moisture detection data of waste tires is obtained by the drying weight loss method, which provides a basis for the drying process and helps to optimize the drying process and reduce the influence of moisture on the cracking process. According to the moisture detection data, the raw material moisture content is calculated, which helps to determine the parameters of the drying process and ensures that the moisture is effectively removed to provide dry raw materials for the cracking process. According to the tire type and the raw material moisture content, the drying temperature interval is determined, which helps to optimize the drying process, improve the drying efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and provide dry raw materials for the cracking process.

[0024] Optionally, according to the tire type and the raw material moisture content, the drying temperature is determined, including:

[0025] Obtain the device information of the processing equipment;

[0026] According to the device information, determine the effective volume of the device;

[0027] According to the device information, determine the feeding rate per unit time;

[0028] According to the raw material moisture content and the feeding rate, determine the steam generation rate;

[0029] According to the effective volume of the device, calculate the maximum steam load;

[0030] Compare the steam generation rate with the maximum steam load, and according to the comparison result and the tire type, determine the drying temperature.

[0031] Through this solution, equipment information is collected to provide basic data for process parameter setting, which helps to optimize the process flow and equipment utilization. The effective volume of the equipment is calculated, which helps to determine the processing capacity of the equipment in the drying process, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the drying process. Based on the production capacity of the equipment and the effective utilization of the equipment, the feed rate is determined, which helps to maintain the continuity and stability of the drying process and improve the production efficiency. According to the moisture content of the raw material and the feed rate, the steam generation rate is calculated, which helps to ensure sufficient steam supply in the drying process and ensure the drying effect. The maximum steam load that the equipment can withstand is calculated, which helps to prevent equipment overload and ensure the safe operation of the equipment. By comparing the steam generation rate and the maximum steam load, the basis for adjusting the drying temperature is provided. According to the comparison result of the steam generation rate and the maximum steam load and the tire type, the drying temperature is determined, which helps to optimize the drying process, improve the drying efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and provide dry raw materials for the cracking process.

[0032] Optionally, the real-time material information is analyzed to obtain material characteristics, including:

[0033] The real-time material information is analyzed to determine the particle size distribution and the bulk density;

[0034] The real-time material information is analyzed to determine the residual metal content and the residual sulfur content;

[0035] According to the tire type, historical cracking records are retrieved;

[0036] Based on the historical cracking records, the sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity are determined according to the residual sulfur content and the residual metal content;

[0037] The sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity are used as material characteristics.

[0038] Through this solution, the particle size distribution and the bulk density of the material are identified in real time, which helps to optimize the crushing and sorting process and ensure the uniformity and stability of the material in the drying and cracking process. The residual metal and residual sulfur content are accurately determined, which helps to control the behavior of metal and sulfur in the cracking process and reduce the impact on the quality and yield of light oil. Historical cracking records provide valuable experience data, which helps to predict and optimize the current cracking process and improve production efficiency and product quality. By analyzing historical data, the sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity, and heat transfer in the cracking process are more accurately predicted and adjusted, thereby improving the cracking efficiency. The sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity, and heat transfer are used as material characteristics, which helps to dynamically adjust the cracking process parameters and realize real-time optimization and closed-loop control of the process.

[0039] Optionally, the real-time material information further includes real-time gas phase information, and determining the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material characteristics includes:

[0040] Analyze the real-time gas phase information to determine the hydrocarbon content of the product;

[0041] The dynamic pyrolysis temperature is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the remaining sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the remaining metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity.

[0042] The dynamic reaction atmosphere is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the moisture content of the raw materials, and the drying temperature.

[0043] This scheme utilizes real-time analysis of gas-phase information to facilitate real-time monitoring of product hydrocarbon content, ensuring the quality and yield of pyrolysis products. Based on the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, product hydrocarbon content, residual metal content, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity, the dynamic pyrolysis temperature is determined, optimizing the pyrolysis process and improving the yield and quality of light oil. Based on the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, feedstock moisture content, and drying temperature, the dynamic reaction atmosphere is determined to reduce the formation of harmful substances, such as reducing hydrogen sulfide production, thereby minimizing carbon black formation.

[0044] Optionally, before controlling the processing equipment to upgrade the material based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, the method further includes:

[0045] Analyze the metal content to determine the metal composition;

[0046] The catalyst configuration is determined based on the metal composition, the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the residual metal content, and the metal catalytic activity index.

[0047] The step of controlling the processing equipment to upgrade materials based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere includes:

[0048] The processing equipment is controlled to upgrade materials based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature, the catalyst configuration, and the dynamic reaction atmosphere.

[0049] This scheme identifies the metal components in waste tires by analyzing their metal content, providing a basis for metal recycling and treatment. It selects catalysts that form stable compounds with the metal components in waste tires to reduce their negative impact on the pyrolysis process. It also selects catalysts that effectively reduce the sulfur migration coefficient, thereby reducing the sulfur content in light oil. Furthermore, it selects catalysts that react with the remaining sulfur and metals to further reduce their content. Catalysts with highly active sites are chosen to improve pyrolysis efficiency. The proportions of different catalysts are determined to achieve optimal pyrolysis results. Integrating different catalysts to form the final catalyst configuration helps control the sulfur migration coefficient and the catalytic activity of metal components, thus improving the quality and yield of light oil. Adjusting the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere optimizes the pyrolysis process, increasing the yield and quality of light oil, maintaining optimal production conditions, and reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution.

[0050] Optionally, determining the dynamic pyrolysis temperature based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the remaining sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the remaining metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity includes:

[0051] Based on the sulfur migration coefficient and the remaining sulfur content, the temperature of the desulfurization section and the residence time of each desulfurization section are determined.

[0052] The atmosphere and expected temperature of the main pyrolysis section are determined based on the remaining metal content and the metal catalytic activity index.

[0053] Based on the hydrocarbon content of the product, the expected temperature of the main cracking section is adjusted to obtain the actual temperature of the main cracking section;

[0054] Based on the thermal conductivity, the actual main pyrolysis section temperature and desulfurization section temperature are corrected to obtain the dynamic pyrolysis temperature.

[0055] This scheme effectively removes the sulfur content coefficient from the material by determining the desulfurization section temperature and residence time, thereby reducing the sulfur content coefficient of light oil, improving the quality of light oil, and reducing environmental pollution. Based on the remaining metal content and metal catalytic activity index, a suitable atmosphere and expected temperature for the main cracking section are determined to improve the efficiency of the cracking reaction. The expected temperature of the main cracking section is adjusted according to the hydrocarbon content of the products to further optimize the quality and yield of the cracking products, ensuring the quality of the light oil. The actual main cracking section temperature and desulfurization section temperature are corrected based on thermal conductivity to compensate for heat loss or gain, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the cracking process. By obtaining the dynamic cracking temperature, real-time optimization and closed-loop control of the cracking process are achieved, improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0056] Optionally, determining the dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the raw material moisture content, and the drying temperature includes:

[0057] The moisture content of the raw material is compared with a preset moisture threshold, and based on the comparison result, it is determined whether to perform staged drying.

[0058] If it is determined that staged drying will be carried out, the control parameters of the drying stage shall be determined based on the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature.

[0059] The step of determining the control parameters of the drying section based on the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature includes the following steps:

[0060] The drying temperature is compared with the first temperature range to determine whether to remove free water.

[0061] If the drying temperature is within the first temperature range, then it is determined that the free water will be removed, and the processing equipment is controlled to remove the free water.

[0062] The drying temperature is compared with the second temperature range to determine whether an oxidation pretreatment is required.

[0063] If the drying temperature is within the second temperature range, then an oxidation pretreatment is determined to be performed, and the processing equipment is controlled to perform the oxidation pretreatment.

[0064] The atmosphere of the main reaction section is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient and the remaining sulfur content.

[0065] This scheme determines whether staged drying is necessary by comparing the raw material moisture content with a preset moisture threshold, ensuring the material reaches a suitable moisture content before entering the processing stage and improving pyrolysis efficiency. Determining drying section control parameters based on raw material moisture content and drying temperature helps optimize the drying process, reduce energy consumption, and ensure the material is not overheated or over-dried during drying. Controlling the dewatering process in the treatment equipment removes free water from the material, reducing the adverse effects of moisture on the pyrolysis reaction and improving the quality of pyrolysis products. Oxidation pretreatment improves the chemical structure of the material, increasing the efficiency of the pyrolysis reaction and optimizing the distribution and quality of pyrolysis products. Based on the sulfur migration coefficient and residual sulfur content, the atmosphere of the main reaction section is determined, effectively controlling the sulfur migration coefficient, reducing the sulfur content in light oil, and improving oil quality.

[0066] Secondly, this application provides a process control system for producing light oil from waste tires, the system comprising:

[0067] The set determination module is used to acquire raw material characteristic data of waste tires and determine the set of preprocessing parameters based on the raw material characteristic data;

[0068] The information acquisition module is used to control the processing equipment to process the waste tires according to the preprocessing parameter set, and to acquire real-time material information after processing.

[0069] The characteristic analysis module is used to analyze the real-time material information, obtain the material characteristics, and determine the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material characteristics.

[0070] The upgrading control module is used to control the processing equipment to upgrade the material according to the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, so as to obtain light oil that meets the standards.

[0071] Optionally, when the set determination module determines the preprocessing parameter set based on the raw material characteristic data, it is used for:

[0072] Based on the raw material characteristic data, the sulfur content, metal content, and type of tire are determined.

[0073] The crushing particle size is determined based on the sulfur content and tire type of the tire.

[0074] Analyze the metal content to determine the percentage of metal components;

[0075] The sorting strategy is determined based on the percentage of the metal components.

[0076] Determine the drying temperature based on the tire type;

[0077] The crushing particle size, the sorting strategy, and the drying temperature are determined as processing parameters, and the pretreatment parameter set is generated.

[0078] Optionally, when the set determination module determines the drying temperature based on the tire type, it is used to:

[0079] Obtain moisture content data for tire raw materials;

[0080] The moisture content of the raw materials is determined based on the moisture detection data.

[0081] The drying temperature is determined based on the tire type and the moisture content of the raw material.

[0082] Optionally, when the set determination module determines the drying temperature based on the tire type and the moisture content of the raw material, it is used for:

[0083] Obtain the device information of the processing device;

[0084] Based on the equipment information, determine the effective volume of the equipment;

[0085] Based on the equipment information, determine the feeding rate per unit time;

[0086] The steam generation rate is determined based on the moisture content of the raw materials and the feed rate.

[0087] Calculate the maximum steam load based on the effective volume of the equipment;

[0088] The steam generation rate is compared with the maximum steam load, and the drying temperature is determined based on the comparison results and the tire type.

[0089] Optionally, when the characteristic analysis module analyzes the real-time material information to obtain material characteristics, it is used for:

[0090] Analyze the real-time material information to determine the particle size distribution and bulk density;

[0091] Analyze the real-time material information to determine the remaining metal content and the remaining sulfur content;

[0092] Based on the tire type, retrieve historical pyrolysis records;

[0093] Based on the historical pyrolysis records, the sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity are determined according to the remaining sulfur content and the remaining metal content.

[0094] The sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity are used as material properties.

[0095] Optionally, the real-time material information also includes real-time gas phase information. When the characteristic analysis module determines the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material characteristics, it is used for:

[0096] Analyze the real-time gas phase information to determine the hydrocarbon content of the product;

[0097] The dynamic pyrolysis temperature is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the remaining sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the remaining metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity.

[0098] The dynamic reaction atmosphere is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the moisture content of the raw materials, and the drying temperature.

[0099] Optionally, the process control system for producing light oil from waste tires further includes a material handling module for:

[0100] Analyze the metal content to determine the metal composition;

[0101] The catalyst configuration is determined based on the metal composition, the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the residual metal content, and the metal catalytic activity index.

[0102] The step of controlling the processing equipment to upgrade materials based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere includes:

[0103] The processing equipment is controlled to upgrade materials based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature, the catalyst configuration, and the dynamic reaction atmosphere.

[0104] Optionally, when the characteristic analysis module determines the dynamic pyrolysis temperature based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the remaining sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the remaining metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity, it is used for:

[0105] Based on the sulfur migration coefficient and the remaining sulfur content, the temperature of the desulfurization section and the residence time of each desulfurization section are determined.

[0106] The atmosphere and expected temperature of the main pyrolysis section are determined based on the remaining metal content and the metal catalytic activity index.

[0107] Based on the hydrocarbon content of the product, the expected temperature of the main cracking section is adjusted to obtain the actual temperature of the main cracking section;

[0108] Based on the thermal conductivity, the actual main pyrolysis section temperature and desulfurization section temperature are corrected to obtain the dynamic pyrolysis temperature.

[0109] Optionally, when the characteristic analysis module determines the dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the raw material moisture content, and the drying temperature, it is used for:

[0110] The moisture content of the raw material is compared with a preset moisture threshold, and based on the comparison result, it is determined whether to perform staged drying.

[0111] If it is determined that staged drying will be carried out, the control parameters of the drying stage shall be determined based on the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature.

[0112] The step of determining the control parameters of the drying section based on the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature includes the following steps:

[0113] The drying temperature is compared with the first temperature range to determine whether to remove free water.

[0114] If the drying temperature is within the first temperature range, then it is determined that the free water will be removed, and the processing equipment is controlled to remove the free water.

[0115] The drying temperature is compared with the second temperature range to determine whether an oxidation pretreatment is required.

[0116] If the drying temperature is within the second temperature range, then an oxidation pretreatment is determined to be performed, and the processing equipment is controlled to perform the oxidation pretreatment.

[0117] The atmosphere of the main reaction section is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient and the remaining sulfur content. Attached Figure Description

[0118] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0119] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0120] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a process control method for producing light oil from waste tires, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0121] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a process control system for producing light oil from waste tires, provided as an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0122] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0123] Furthermore, the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article, unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0124] The embodiments of this application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0125] Existing technologies for processing waste tires often result in high energy consumption, unstable oil quality, and low product utilization. Therefore, effectively improving the yield and quality of pyrolysis oil is a core issue in waste tire pyrolysis technology.

[0126] Based on this, this application provides a process control method and system for producing light oil from waste tires. The method involves acquiring raw material characteristic data of waste tires, determining a set of pretreatment parameters based on this data, controlling the processing equipment to process the waste tires according to the pretreatment parameter set, and acquiring real-time material information after processing. The real-time material information is analyzed to obtain material characteristics, and based on these characteristics, the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere are determined. Based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere, the processing equipment is controlled to upgrade the material, obtaining light oil that meets standards. Collecting raw material characteristic data from waste tires provides a scientific basis for determining the pretreatment parameter set, helping to improve the targeting and efficiency of the pretreatment process. Controlling the processing equipment such as crushers, sorters, and dryers to process waste tires according to the pretreatment parameter set helps reduce sulfur migration, increase metal recovery rate, improve drying efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and provide high-quality raw materials for the pyrolysis process. Real-time monitoring of material information allows for timely detection and handling of problems, ensuring the effectiveness of the pretreatment process. Analysis of real-time material information helps guide the adjustment of the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere. Based on the material characteristics, effective control of sulfur migration and metal catalytic activity improves the yield and quality of light oils while reducing the formation of harmful substances. Through refining, standard-compliant light oils are obtained, increasing commercial value while reducing environmental pollution.

[0127] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario provided by this application, showing the application of the method provided in this application in the context of recycling and refining waste tires into oil.

[0128] Specifically, the method provided in this application can be applied to any server. The server interacts with the processing equipment, collecting raw material characteristic data of waste tires through the processing equipment to obtain a set of pretreatment parameters. Based on the pretreatment parameter set, the processing equipment is controlled to process the waste tires, and real-time material information monitored during the processing is obtained to promptly identify and address problems, ensuring the effectiveness of the pretreatment process. Analysis of the real-time material information guides the adjustment of dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere. Based on the material characteristics, sulfur migration and metal catalytic activity are effectively controlled, improving the yield and quality of light oil and reducing the generation of harmful substances. Through refining, standard-compliant light oil is obtained, increasing commercial value while reducing environmental pollution.

[0129] For specific implementation details, please refer to the following examples.

[0130] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a process control method for producing light oil from waste tires, provided as an embodiment of this application. The method of this embodiment can be applied to the server in the above scenario. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0131] S201. Obtain raw material characteristic data of waste tires, and determine the set of pretreatment parameters based on the raw material characteristic data;

[0132] Raw material characteristic data can include physical and chemical properties of waste tires, such as tire model, rubber layer thickness, metal content, sulfur content, and physical structure parameters.

[0133] The pretreatment parameter set can be a set of parameters such as crushing particle size, sorting strategy, and drying temperature determined based on raw material characteristic data.

[0134] Specifically, physical and chemical analysis methods are used to collect raw material characteristic data from waste tires, including tire model, rubber layer thickness, metal content, sulfur content, metal composition, and physical structure parameters. Based on the collected raw material characteristic data, a set of pretreatment parameters, such as crushing particle size, sorting strategy, and drying temperature, are determined.

[0135] S202. Based on the pre-processing parameter set, control the processing equipment to process waste tires and obtain real-time material information after processing;

[0136] The processing equipment can be mechanical equipment such as shredders, sorters, and dryers used to process waste tires.

[0137] Real-time material information can be material information such as particle size distribution, bulk density, metal content, and sulfur content that is monitored and collected in real time during the processing.

[0138] Specifically, based on the pretreatment parameter set, processing signals are sent to processing equipment such as crushers, sorters, and dryers to process waste tires. Real-time material information such as particle size distribution, bulk density, metal content, and sulfur content after processing is obtained from the processing equipment.

[0139] S203. Analyze real-time material information to obtain material characteristics, and determine the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material characteristics.

[0140] Material properties can include physical and chemical characteristics such as sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity.

[0141] Dynamic pyrolysis temperature can be a pyrolysis temperature that is dynamically adjusted according to the material characteristics.

[0142] A dynamic reaction atmosphere can be a reaction atmosphere that is dynamically adjusted according to the characteristics of the materials.

[0143] Specifically, real-time material information is analyzed to determine material properties such as particle size distribution, bulk density, sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity. Based on these material properties and historical pyrolysis records, dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere are determined.

[0144] S204. Based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere, control the processing equipment to upgrade the material and obtain light oil that meets the standards.

[0145] Light oil can be a low molecular weight oil obtained by pyrolyzing waste tires.

[0146] Specifically, based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere, the processing equipment is controlled to upgrade the material; for example, by using... The catalyst performs hydrodesulfurization, and based on the matching high-pressure reactor, the sulfur content can be reduced to below 10 ppm. Fractionation is controlled by a 180°C distillation range to separate light oil (C5-C10) from heavy components, improving fuel applicability.

[0147] By acquiring real-time data on the distillation range distribution and sulfur speciation of the cracked oil during the upgrading process using processing equipment, and determining a synergistic control strategy for hydrodesulfurization and fractionation based on the target flash point and sulfur content standards for light oil, the cracked oil is refined through post-processing techniques such as hydrodesulfurization and fractionation to produce light oil that meets the standards.

[0148] This solution provides a scientific basis for determining the pretreatment parameter set by collecting raw material characteristic data from waste tires, thus improving the targeting and efficiency of the pretreatment process. Based on the determined pretreatment parameter set, controlling the processing equipment such as crushers, sorters, and dryers to process waste tires helps reduce sulfur migration, increase metal recovery rate, improve drying efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and provide high-quality feedstock for the pyrolysis process. Real-time monitoring of material information allows for timely detection and handling of problems, ensuring the effectiveness of the pretreatment process. Analysis of real-time material information helps guide the adjustment of dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere. Based on material characteristics, effectively controlling sulfur migration and metal catalytic activity improves the yield and quality of light oil and reduces the formation of harmful substances. Through refining, standard-compliant light oil is obtained, increasing commercial value while reducing environmental pollution.

[0149] In some embodiments, the sulfur content and tire type of the tires are determined based on the raw material characteristic data; the crushing particle size is determined based on the sulfur content and tire type; the metal content is analyzed to determine the metal component ratio; the sorting strategy is determined based on the metal component ratio; the drying temperature is determined based on the tire type; the crushing particle size, sorting strategy, and drying temperature are determined as processing parameters, and a set of pretreatment parameters is generated.

[0150] The sulfur content of tires can be defined as the sulfur content in waste tire rubber.

[0151] The metal content of tires can refer to the content of metal elements such as iron and zinc in waste tires.

[0152] Tire types can include used tires such as truck tires, passenger car tires, and engineering tires.

[0153] Crushing particle size can be the size of the small pieces or particles that waste tires are crushed into during the pretreatment process.

[0154] Metal content can be the total content of metal elements in waste tires.

[0155] The percentage of metal components can be the percentage of different metal elements in a tire.

[0156] Sorting strategies can be based on the metal content and proportion of metal components in waste tires to determine the methods for metal separation and recycling.

[0157] The drying temperature can be the temperature used to dry waste tires during the pretreatment process.

[0158] Processing parameters can include parameters such as crushing particle size, sorting strategy, and drying temperature used to control the operation of processing equipment.

[0159] Specifically, based on raw material characteristic data, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry is used to analyze the sulfur content of waste tires to determine the total sulfur content; inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is used to analyze the metal content of waste tires to determine the total metal content; and visual recognition technology is used to identify the model, size, and purpose of waste tires to determine the tire type. Based on the tire sulfur content and tire type, and taking into account factors such as sulfur migration coefficient, metal recovery, and pretreatment costs, the crushing particle size is determined.

[0160] Using the detection results from the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) instrument, the proportion of each metal in the total metal content was calculated, thereby assessing the impact of different metals on the pyrolysis process. Based on the metal proportions and the assessment results, a corresponding sorting strategy was formulated. The moisture content of the raw material was determined using the drying loss method. The drying temperature was set according to the tire type and the moisture content of the raw material. The crushing particle size, sorting strategy, and drying temperature were determined as processing parameters and integrated to form a complete set of pretreatment parameters.

[0161] This scheme determines the sulfur content, metal content, and tire type of tires, which helps predict behavior during the pyrolysis process, such as the sulfur migration coefficient and metal catalytic activity index, thereby optimizing the pretreatment and pyrolysis processes. Particle size reduction helps decrease the sulfur migration coefficient, improve metal recovery, and optimize heat transfer efficiency during pyrolysis. Determining the metal composition percentage helps determine metal sorting strategies, improving metal recovery efficiency and reducing the negative impact of metals on the pyrolysis reaction. Sorting strategies facilitate effective metal recovery, reduce metal interference in the pyrolysis process, and improve the quality and yield of light oil. Appropriate drying temperatures help remove moisture from tires, reducing the adverse effects of moisture during pyrolysis. The generation of a set of pretreatment parameters ensures the standardization and repeatability of the pretreatment process, contributing to improved efficiency and product quality throughout the entire process.

[0162] In some embodiments, moisture detection data of tire raw materials is obtained; the moisture content of the raw materials is determined based on the moisture detection data; and the drying temperature is determined based on the tire type and the moisture content of the raw materials.

[0163] Moisture content test data can be the specific numerical value of moisture content detected in waste tires.

[0164] The moisture content of raw materials can be the percentage of water in the raw materials.

[0165] Specifically, the moisture content of waste tires is measured using the loss-in-drying method to obtain moisture data. This data is then analyzed to calculate the raw material's moisture content. Based on the tire type and the raw material's moisture content, a drying temperature control model is established. Finally, a drying temperature range is set according to this model.

[0166] This method uses the loss-on-drying method to obtain moisture content data from waste tires, providing a basis for the drying process, optimizing the drying process, and reducing the impact of moisture on the pyrolysis process. Calculating the raw material moisture content based on the moisture content data helps determine the parameters of the drying process, ensuring effective moisture removal and providing dry raw materials for the pyrolysis process. Determining the drying temperature range based on tire type and raw material moisture content helps optimize the drying process, improve drying efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and provide dry raw materials for the pyrolysis process.

[0167] In some embodiments, equipment information of the processing equipment is obtained; the effective volume of the equipment is determined based on the equipment information; the feed rate per unit time is determined based on the equipment information; the steam generation rate is determined based on the raw material moisture content and the feed rate; the maximum steam load is calculated based on the effective volume of the equipment; the steam generation rate is compared with the maximum steam load, and the drying temperature is determined based on the comparison result and the tire type.

[0168] Equipment information can include the model, specifications, production capacity, design temperature, design pressure, and other information of the processing equipment.

[0169] The effective volume of a device can be the effective volume inside the processing device used for loading and processing materials.

[0170] The feed rate can be defined as the amount of material input into the processing equipment per unit time.

[0171] Steam generation rate can be defined as the amount of steam generated per unit time during the drying process.

[0172] Maximum steam load can be the maximum amount of steam supply that the processing equipment can withstand during the drying process.

[0173] Specifically, the process involves consulting the equipment's documentation to obtain its information. Based on this information, the effective volume of the equipment is calculated using appropriate geometric formulas. The equipment specifications are consulted to determine its production capacity. The effective utilization rate of the equipment is calculated using proportional formulas. Based on the production capacity and effective utilization rate, the feed rate per unit time is calculated. The heat required to remove moisture from a unit mass of raw material is calculated based on the raw material's moisture content and feed rate. The total required heat is converted into a steam generation rate. A steam enthalpy calculation tool is used to obtain the steam enthalpy value at the equipment's operating pressure and temperature. Based on the effective volume of the equipment and the steam enthalpy value, the maximum steam load of the equipment under full load is calculated. The steam generation rate is compared with the maximum steam load, and based on the comparison results and different tire types, a suitable drying temperature is determined.

[0174] This solution collects equipment information, providing fundamental data for setting process parameters and facilitating process optimization and equipment utilization. Calculating the effective equipment volume helps determine the equipment's processing capacity during the drying process, ensuring its stability and efficiency. Determining the feed rate based on equipment production capacity and effective utilization helps maintain the continuity and stability of the drying process, improving production efficiency. Calculating the steam generation rate based on the raw material moisture content and feed rate helps ensure sufficient steam supply during drying, guaranteeing the drying effect. Calculating the maximum steam load the equipment can withstand helps prevent equipment overload and ensures safe operation. Comparing the steam generation rate and maximum steam load provides a basis for adjusting the drying temperature. Determining the drying temperature based on the comparison of the steam generation rate and maximum steam load, along with the tire type, helps optimize the drying process, improve drying efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and provide dry raw materials for the pyrolysis process.

[0175] In some embodiments, the particle size distribution and bulk density are analyzed and determined; real-time material information is parsed to determine the remaining metal content and remaining sulfur content; historical pyrolysis records are retrieved according to the tire type; based on the historical pyrolysis records, the sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity are determined according to the remaining sulfur content and remaining metal content; and the sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity are used as material characteristics.

[0176] Particle size distribution can be the proportion of particles of different particle size levels in real-time material information.

[0177] Bulk density can be the density of materials in their natural stacking state based on real-time material information.

[0178] The residual metal content can be the content of residual metal elements in the processed material.

[0179] The residual sulfur content can be the amount of sulfur element remaining in the treated material.

[0180] Historical pyrolysis records can be records of the pyrolysis process of waste tires over a past period of time. This past period can be determined based on experience or by subjective definition.

[0181] The sulfur migration coefficient can be defined as the rate at which sulfur migrates from the feedstock to the light oil during the cracking process.

[0182] The metal catalytic activity index can be a quantitative indicator of the catalytic activity of a metal element in a cracking reaction.

[0183] Thermal conductivity is the ability of a material to transfer heat during the heat transfer process.

[0184] Specifically, the particle size distribution of real-time material information is analyzed using a particle size analyzer; the bulk density of real-time material information is measured using a densitometer; the residual metal content of real-time material information is analyzed using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry; and the residual sulfur content of real-time material information is determined through chemical analysis. Based on tire type, corresponding historical pyrolysis records are retrieved from the database. Based on these historical pyrolysis records, a relationship model is established between the sulfur migration coefficient and pyrolysis conditions and residual sulfur content. Based on this relationship model and residual sulfur content, the sulfur migration coefficient is predicted. A relationship model is established between the metal catalytic activity index and pyrolysis conditions and residual metal content. Based on this relationship model and residual metal content, the metal catalytic activity index is predicted. A relationship model is established between thermal conductivity and material properties and pyrolysis conditions. Based on this relationship model and material properties, the thermal conductivity is predicted. The sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity are integrated into the control equipment as material properties.

[0185] This solution enables real-time identification of material particle size distribution and bulk density, facilitating the optimization of crushing and sorting processes and ensuring material uniformity and stability during drying and pyrolysis. Accurate determination of residual metal and sulfur content helps control the behavior of metals and sulfur during pyrolysis, reducing their impact on light oil quality and yield. Historical pyrolysis records provide valuable empirical data, aiding in the prediction and optimization of current pyrolysis processes, improving production efficiency and product quality. Analyzing historical pyrolysis records allows for more accurate prediction and adjustment of sulfur migration coefficients, metal catalytic activity, and heat transfer during pyrolysis, thereby improving pyrolysis efficiency. Treating sulfur migration coefficients, metal catalytic activity, and heat transfer as material characteristics facilitates the dynamic adjustment of pyrolysis process parameters, enabling real-time process optimization and closed-loop control.

[0186] In some embodiments, real-time gas phase information is analyzed to determine the hydrocarbon content of the product; the dynamic pyrolysis temperature is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, hydrocarbon content of the product, residual metal content, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity; and the dynamic reaction atmosphere is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, feedstock moisture content, and drying temperature.

[0187] Real-time gas phase information can be the composition and content data of gas phase samples monitored in real time by analytical instruments such as gas chromatography and mass spectrometry during the pyrolysis process of waste tires.

[0188] The hydrocarbon content of the products can be the content of hydrocarbon compounds in the light oil, carbon black and gas products generated during the pyrolysis of waste tires.

[0189] Specifically, real-time gas phase information is collected from the pyrolysis unit, and component analysis is performed using analytical instruments such as gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Based on the analysis results, the hydrocarbon content of the products is determined. A mathematical model is established to link the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, product hydrocarbon content, residual metal content, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity with the pyrolysis temperature. The dynamic pyrolysis temperature is calculated using the mathematical model. A chemical reaction model is established, considering the reaction pathways and rates of sulfur, moisture, and product hydrocarbons during the pyrolysis process. The sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, feedstock moisture content, and drying temperature are linked to the reaction atmosphere. The dynamic reaction atmosphere is calculated using the chemical reaction model.

[0190] The following are examples illustrating the above embodiments:

[0191] Example of dynamic pyrolysis temperature determination:

[0192] First, based on the determination of the dynamic pyrolysis temperature, the factors influencing the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, product hydrocarbon content, residual metal content, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity are determined, including the factors influencing the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, C5+ content in real-time gaseous products, particle size distribution, metal catalytic activity index, and TGA curve. Based on the mechanism of the sulfur migration coefficient, when the oil phase sulfur content is >60%, the temperature needs to be increased (180℃-200℃) in the later hydrogenation stage to decompose the difficult-to-remove sulfides; the mechanism of the residual sulfur content is the sensitivity of sulfide thermal decomposition temperature: when the sulfur content is >3%, the temperature of the main reaction section needs to be reduced (10℃ for every 1% sulfur); the mechanism of the C5+ content in the real-time gaseous products is that when C5+ decreases by 5%, a 10℃ temperature reduction is triggered and the isothermal duration is extended by 20%; the mechanism of the particle size distribution is that for every 1cm decrease in particle size, the allowable heating rate increases by 0.5℃ / min (the upper temperature limit is set at 450℃ when the particle size is <2cm); the mechanism of the metal catalytic activity index is that for every 1% increase in Zn content, the temperature of the main reaction section decreases by 20℃ to inhibit coking; the mechanism of the TGA curve is that the maximum weight loss temperature ±10℃ is used as the isothermal range reference. Based on the mechanism, an example of output control is shown below:

[0193] 1. When the sulfur content in the oil phase is 70%, the hydrodesulfurization temperature is 200℃;

[0194] 2. When the sulfur content is 4%, the temperature of the main reaction section is set to 330℃ (the baseline is 350℃).

[0195] 3. When C5+ decreases from 45% to 40%, the temperature decreases from 350℃ to 340℃, and the isothermal period increases from 60min to 72min;

[0196] 4. When D50 = 3cm, the heating rate is 2.5°C / min; when D50 = 1.5cm, the heating rate is 1.8°C / min + the upper temperature limit is 450°C.

[0197] 5. When the Zn content is 2%, the temperature of the main reaction section is 310℃ (the baseline is 350℃).

[0198] 6. When the TGA curve is 380℃, the constant temperature range is set to 370℃ to 390℃.

[0199] Example of dynamic reaction atmosphere determination:

[0200] First, under the condition of determining the dynamic reaction atmosphere, based on the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, raw material moisture content, and drying temperature, the influencing factors of the sulfur migration coefficient (gas phase proportion), residual sulfur content, raw material moisture content, and cracking furnace pressure are determined. The mechanism of action of the sulfur migration coefficient (gas phase proportion) influencing factors is that when gaseous sulfur > 30%, increasing the carrier gas flow rate (0.5-0.8 m³ / h) accelerates the discharge. The mechanism by which residual sulfur content affects the concentration is that when sulfur content is >3%, H2 / The mixed gas (H2 content 20%-30%) promotes the desulfurization reaction; the mechanism of influence of raw material moisture content is that when the moisture content is >1%, pure gas is used. Carrier gas (flow rate +30%) is used to prevent water vapor condensation and blockage; the mechanism by which factors affecting the pressure of the pyrolysis furnace work is to maintain a slight negative pressure (-10). At pressures below -50 kPa, gas leakage is prevented; when pressure fluctuations exceed 5 kPa, flow regulation is triggered. Based on the mechanism of action, an example of output control is provided:

[0201] 1. When the gaseous sulfur content is 40%, the carrier gas flow rate is: ;

[0202] 2. When the sulfur content is 4%, It is 25% / 75%;

[0203] 3. When the moisture content is hour, Traffic is (Baseline is) );

[0204] 4. When the pressure rises to At that time, the carrier gas flow rate increases by 20%.

[0205] It should be noted that the figures mentioned in the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute a creative influence on the solution of this embodiment.

[0206] This scheme utilizes real-time analysis of gas-phase information to facilitate real-time monitoring of product hydrocarbon content, ensuring the quality and yield of pyrolysis products. Based on the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, product hydrocarbon content, residual metal content, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity, the dynamic pyrolysis temperature is determined, optimizing the pyrolysis process and improving the yield and quality of light oil. Based on the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, feedstock moisture content, and drying temperature, the dynamic reaction atmosphere is determined to reduce the formation of harmful substances, such as reducing hydrogen sulfide production, thereby minimizing carbon black formation.

[0207] In some embodiments, the metal content is analyzed to determine the metal composition; the catalyst configuration is determined based on the metal composition, sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, residual metal content, and metal catalytic activity index; and the processing equipment is controlled to upgrade the material based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere, including: controlling the processing equipment to upgrade the material based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature, catalyst configuration, and dynamic reaction atmosphere.

[0208] The metallic components can be the iron, copper, zinc, chromium, lead, magnesium and other metallic elements contained in waste tires, as well as their content.

[0209] Catalyst configuration can refer to the types and proportions of catalysts used in the pyrolysis process.

[0210] Specifically, the metal content is analyzed using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to analyze the metal components in waste tires. Catalysts are selected to form stable compounds with the metal components in the waste tires; catalysts that effectively reduce the sulfur migration coefficient are selected; catalysts that react with the remaining sulfur content and metals are selected; catalysts with high active sites are selected based on the metal catalytic activity index; and the proportions of different catalysts are determined. Based on these proportions, the different catalysts are integrated to form the final catalyst configuration. Temperature control equipment is installed to automatically adjust the power of the heater or the flow rate of the cooling equipment according to the set value of the dynamic pyrolysis temperature. Catalyst addition equipment is installed to automatically control the amount of catalyst added according to the requirements of the catalyst configuration. Atmosphere control equipment is installed to automatically adjust the gas mixing ratio and flow rate in the reactor according to the set value of the dynamic reaction atmosphere. The drying process is controlled based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere to ensure the material reaches an appropriate moisture content before entering the pyrolysis reactor; the pyrolysis reaction is controlled based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature, catalyst configuration, and dynamic reaction atmosphere to optimize the quality and yield of the pyrolysis products; and post-processing, such as separation and purification, is performed based on the characteristics of the pyrolysis products. The drying process, pyrolysis reaction, and post-processing steps are integrated to improve the quality of the material.

[0211] The following are examples illustrating the above embodiments:

[0212] Example of catalyst configuration determination:

[0213] First, given the catalyst configuration, based on metal composition, sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, residual metal content, and metal catalytic activity index, determine the influencing factors of organic composition, residual sulfur content, residual metal content, and metal catalytic activity index. The mechanism of action of the organic composition influencing factors is based on a high styrene content of 1240. At peak, increasing the ZSM-5 ratio (50% to 70%) promotes aromatization; the mechanism of action of the residual sulfur content is that for every 1% increase in sulfur, The dosage is increased by 3%, thereby adsorbing sulfides; the mechanism of the effect of the metal residue is that when the Zn content increases by 1%, the ZSM-5 dosage is increased by 5% to neutralize the metal catalytic effect; the mechanism of the effect of the metal catalytic activity index is that when Fe>0.5%, the dosage is increased by 5%. (1%-2%), passivates metal activity. Example of output regulation based on the mechanism of action:

[0214] 1. When the styrene content is 40%, the ratio of ZSM-5 to MgO is 7:3;

[0215] 2. When the sulfur content is 4%, the MgO dosage is 12% (the baseline is 8%);

[0216] 3. When the Zn content is 2%, the ZSM-5 dosage is 10% (the baseline is 5%);

[0217] 4. When the Fe content is 0.8%, add 1.5% of [amount missing]. .

[0218] It should be noted that the figures mentioned in the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute a creative influence on the solution of this embodiment.

[0219] This scheme identifies the metal components in waste tires by analyzing their metal content, providing a basis for metal recycling and treatment. It selects catalysts that form stable compounds with the metal components in waste tires to reduce their negative impact on the pyrolysis process. It also selects catalysts that effectively reduce the sulfur migration coefficient, thereby reducing the sulfur content in light oil. Furthermore, it selects catalysts that react with the remaining sulfur and metals to further reduce their content. Catalysts with highly active sites are chosen to improve pyrolysis efficiency. The proportions of different catalysts are determined to achieve optimal pyrolysis results. Integrating different catalysts to form the final catalyst configuration helps control the sulfur migration coefficient and the catalytic activity of metal components, thus improving the quality and yield of light oil. Adjusting the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere optimizes the pyrolysis process, increasing the yield and quality of light oil, maintaining optimal production conditions, and reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution.

[0220] In some embodiments, the desulfurization section temperature and residence time of each desulfurization section are determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient and the residual sulfur content; the main cracking section atmosphere and expected temperature are determined based on the residual metal content and the metal catalytic activity index; the expected temperature of the main cracking section is adjusted based on the product hydrocarbon content to obtain the actual main cracking section temperature; and the actual main cracking section temperature and desulfurization section temperature are corrected based on the thermal conductivity to obtain the dynamic cracking temperature.

[0221] The desulfurization temperature can be the temperature range used to remove sulfur during the pyrolysis of waste tires.

[0222] The desulfurization stage can be a step in the pyrolysis process used to remove sulfur from waste tires.

[0223] Residence time can be the time that materials stay in the pyrolysis equipment.

[0224] The atmosphere in the main pyrolysis section can be the gas composition and proportion within the reactor during the main stage of the pyrolysis reaction.

[0225] The expected temperature of the main pyrolysis stage can be a predetermined temperature setting during the main stage of the pyrolysis reaction.

[0226] The actual temperature of the main pyrolysis section can be the actual temperature of the main pyrolysis section during actual operation.

[0227] Specifically, the desulfurization section temperature is set based on the sulfur migration coefficient and residual sulfur content, thereby selecting the effective temperature range for the desulfurization section. The residence time of the material in each desulfurization section is determined based on the temperature range and material characteristics. The atmosphere of the main pyrolysis section is set based on the residual metal content and metal catalytic activity index. The expected temperature of the main pyrolysis section is set based on the main pyrolysis section atmosphere setting and the metal catalytic activity index. An adjustment model is pre-set based on historical data and experimental results. The expected temperature of the main pyrolysis section is adjusted using the pre-set adjustment model based on the product hydrocarbon content. The actual temperature of the main pyrolysis section is calculated based on the prediction results of the pre-set adjustment model. A correction model is pre-set based on thermodynamic principles and material characteristics. The actual temperature of the main pyrolysis section and the desulfurization section temperature are corrected using the pre-set correction model based on the thermal conductivity. The dynamic pyrolysis temperature is calculated based on the corrected thermal conductivity.

[0228] This scheme effectively removes the sulfur content coefficient from the material by determining the desulfurization section temperature and residence time, thereby reducing the sulfur content coefficient of light oil, improving the quality of light oil, and reducing environmental pollution. Based on the remaining metal content and metal catalytic activity index, a suitable atmosphere and expected temperature for the main cracking section are determined to improve the efficiency of the cracking reaction. The expected temperature of the main cracking section is adjusted according to the hydrocarbon content of the products to further optimize the quality and yield of the cracking products, ensuring the quality of the light oil. The actual main cracking section temperature and desulfurization section temperature are corrected based on thermal conductivity to compensate for heat loss or gain, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the cracking process. By obtaining the dynamic cracking temperature, real-time optimization and closed-loop control of the cracking process are achieved, improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0229] In some embodiments, the moisture content of the raw material is compared with a preset moisture content threshold, and based on the comparison result, it is determined whether to perform staged drying. If staged drying is determined, the control parameters of the drying section are determined based on the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature. Determining the control parameters of the drying section based on the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature includes the following steps: comparing the drying temperature with a first temperature range to determine whether to perform dewatering; if the drying temperature is within the first temperature range, it is determined that dewatering should be performed, and the processing equipment is controlled to perform dewatering; comparing the drying temperature with a second temperature range to determine whether to perform oxidation pretreatment; if the drying temperature is within the second temperature range, it is determined that oxidation pretreatment should be performed, and the processing equipment is controlled to perform oxidation pretreatment; and determining the atmosphere of the main reaction section based on the sulfur migration coefficient and the remaining sulfur content.

[0230] The preset moisture content threshold can be a moisture content standard set during the pretreatment of waste tires. It is pre-stored in the server and retrieved when needed.

[0231] The control parameters for the drying section can be parameters such as drying temperature, drying time, and drying rate that need to be controlled during the drying process.

[0232] The first temperature range can be the temperature range used for dewatering.

[0233] The second temperature range can be the temperature range used for oxidation pretreatment.

[0234] The atmosphere in the main reaction section can be the gas composition and proportion within the reactor during the main stage of the pyrolysis reaction.

[0235] Specifically, based on process requirements and equipment capacity, a preset moisture content threshold is set. The raw material moisture content is compared with the preset threshold. Based on the comparison result, it is determined whether staged drying is required. If the raw material moisture content is higher than the preset threshold, staged drying is performed. A suitable drying temperature is selected based on the raw material moisture content and drying requirements. The required drying section control parameters are calculated using a drying kinetic model based on the raw material moisture content and drying temperature. A first temperature range suitable for dewatering is defined based on material characteristics, drying section control parameters, and drying requirements. The drying temperature is compared with the preset first temperature range. Based on the comparison result, it is determined whether dewatering is performed. If the drying temperature is within the first temperature range, dewatering is performed. Operating parameters such as heater power and ventilation speed are adjusted according to the first temperature range to dewater. A second temperature range suitable for oxidation pretreatment is defined based on material characteristics, drying section control parameters, and oxidation pretreatment requirements. The drying temperature is compared with the preset second temperature range. Based on the comparison result, it is determined whether oxidation pretreatment is performed. If the drying temperature is within the second temperature range, oxidation pretreatment is performed. The oxidation pretreatment is performed by adjusting the heater power, ventilation speed, and other operating parameters of the equipment according to the second temperature range. A suitable atmosphere for the main reaction section is selected based on the sulfur migration coefficient and residual sulfur content.

[0236] This scheme determines whether staged drying is necessary by comparing the raw material moisture content with a preset moisture threshold, ensuring the material reaches a suitable moisture content before entering the processing stage and improving pyrolysis efficiency. Based on the raw material moisture content and drying temperature, the control parameters for the drying section are determined, helping to optimize the drying process, reduce energy consumption, and ensure the material is not overheated or over-dried during drying. By controlling the dewatering process in the treatment equipment, free water in the material is removed, reducing the adverse effects of moisture on the pyrolysis reaction and improving the quality of the pyrolysis products. Oxidation pretreatment improves the chemical structure of the material, increasing the efficiency of the pyrolysis reaction and optimizing the distribution and quality of the pyrolysis products. Based on the sulfur migration coefficient and residual sulfur content, the atmosphere of the main reaction section is determined, effectively controlling the sulfur migration coefficient, reducing the sulfur content in light oil, and improving oil quality.

[0237] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a structure provided in one embodiment of the present application, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the process control system 300 for producing light oil from waste tires in this embodiment includes: a set determination module 301, an information acquisition module 302, a characteristic analysis module 303, and a quality improvement control module 304.

[0238] The set determination module 301 is used to acquire raw material characteristic data of waste tires and determine a set of preprocessing parameters based on the raw material characteristic data.

[0239] The information acquisition module 302 is used to control the processing equipment to process the waste tires according to the preprocessing parameter set, and to acquire real-time material information after processing.

[0240] The characteristic analysis module 303 is used to analyze the real-time material information, obtain the material characteristics, and determine the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material characteristics.

[0241] The upgrading control module 304 is used to control the processing equipment to upgrade the material according to the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, so as to obtain light oil that meets the standards.

[0242] Optionally, when the set determination module 301 determines the preprocessing parameter set based on the raw material characteristic data, it is used for:

[0243] Based on the raw material characteristic data, the sulfur content, metal content, and type of tire are determined.

[0244] The crushing particle size is determined based on the sulfur content and tire type of the tire.

[0245] Analyze the metal content to determine the percentage of metal components;

[0246] The sorting strategy is determined based on the percentage of the metal components.

[0247] Determine the drying temperature based on the tire type;

[0248] The crushing particle size, the sorting strategy, and the drying temperature are determined as processing parameters, and the pretreatment parameter set is generated.

[0249] Optionally, when the set determination module 301 determines the drying temperature based on the tire type, it is used to:

[0250] Obtain moisture content data for tire raw materials;

[0251] The moisture content of the raw materials is determined based on the moisture detection data.

[0252] The drying temperature is determined based on the tire type and the moisture content of the raw material.

[0253] Optionally, when the set determination module 301 determines the drying temperature based on the tire type and the moisture content of the raw material, it is used for:

[0254] Obtain the device information of the processing device;

[0255] Based on the equipment information, determine the effective volume of the equipment;

[0256] Based on the equipment information, determine the feeding rate per unit time;

[0257] The steam generation rate is determined based on the moisture content of the raw materials and the feed rate.

[0258] Calculate the maximum steam load based on the effective volume of the equipment;

[0259] The steam generation rate is compared with the maximum steam load, and the drying temperature is determined based on the comparison results and the tire type.

[0260] Optionally, when the characteristic analysis module 303 analyzes the real-time material information to obtain the material characteristics, it is used for:

[0261] Analyze the real-time material information to determine the particle size distribution and bulk density;

[0262] Analyze the real-time material information to determine the remaining metal content and the remaining sulfur content;

[0263] Based on the tire type, retrieve historical pyrolysis records;

[0264] Based on the historical pyrolysis records, the sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity are determined according to the remaining sulfur content and the remaining metal content.

[0265] The sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity are used as material properties.

[0266] Optionally, the real-time material information also includes real-time gas phase information. When the characteristic analysis module 303 determines the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material characteristics, it is used for:

[0267] Analyze the real-time gas phase information to determine the hydrocarbon content of the product;

[0268] The dynamic pyrolysis temperature is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the remaining sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the remaining metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity.

[0269] The dynamic reaction atmosphere is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the moisture content of the raw materials, and the drying temperature.

[0270] Optionally, the process control system for producing light oil from waste tires further includes a material handling module 305, used for:

[0271] Analyze the metal content to determine the metal composition;

[0272] The catalyst configuration is determined based on the metal composition, the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the residual metal content, and the metal catalytic activity index.

[0273] The step of controlling the processing equipment to upgrade materials based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere includes:

[0274] The processing equipment is controlled to upgrade materials based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature, the catalyst configuration, and the dynamic reaction atmosphere.

[0275] Optionally, when the characteristic analysis module 303 determines the dynamic pyrolysis temperature based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the remaining sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the remaining metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity, it is used for:

[0276] Based on the sulfur migration coefficient and the remaining sulfur content, the temperature of the desulfurization section and the residence time of each desulfurization section are determined.

[0277] The atmosphere and expected temperature of the main pyrolysis section are determined based on the remaining metal content and the metal catalytic activity index.

[0278] Based on the hydrocarbon content of the product, the expected temperature of the main cracking section is adjusted to obtain the actual temperature of the main cracking section;

[0279] Based on the thermal conductivity, the actual main pyrolysis section temperature and desulfurization section temperature are corrected to obtain the dynamic pyrolysis temperature.

[0280] Optionally, when the characteristic analysis module 303 determines the dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the raw material moisture content, and the drying temperature, it is used for:

[0281] The moisture content of the raw material is compared with a preset moisture threshold, and based on the comparison result, it is determined whether to perform staged drying.

[0282] If it is determined that staged drying will be carried out, the control parameters of the drying stage shall be determined based on the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature.

[0283] The step of determining the control parameters of the drying section based on the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature includes the following steps:

[0284] The drying temperature is compared with the first temperature range to determine whether to remove free water.

[0285] If the drying temperature is within the first temperature range, then it is determined that the free water will be removed, and the processing equipment is controlled to remove the free water.

[0286] The drying temperature is compared with the second temperature range to determine whether an oxidation pretreatment is required.

[0287] If the drying temperature is within the second temperature range, then an oxidation pretreatment is determined to be performed, and the processing equipment is controlled to perform the oxidation pretreatment.

[0288] The atmosphere of the main reaction section is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient and the remaining sulfur content.

[0289] The system in this embodiment can be used to execute the methods of any of the above embodiments, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, so they will not be described again here.

Claims

1. A process control method for producing light oil from waste tires, characterized in that, include: Obtain raw material characteristic data of waste tires, and determine a set of pretreatment parameters based on the raw material characteristic data; Based on the set of preprocessing parameters, the processing equipment is controlled to process the waste tires, and real-time material information after processing is obtained; The real-time material information is analyzed to obtain the material characteristics, and the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere are determined based on the material characteristics. Based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, the processing equipment is controlled to upgrade the material and obtain light oil that meets the standards. The step of determining the pretreatment parameter set based on the raw material characteristic data includes: Based on the raw material characteristic data, the sulfur content, metal content, and type of tire are determined. The crushing particle size is determined based on the sulfur content and tire type of the tire. Analyze the metal content to determine the percentage of metal components; The sorting strategy is determined based on the percentage of the metal components. Determine the drying temperature based on the tire type; The crushing particle size, the sorting strategy, and the drying temperature are determined as processing parameters, and the pretreatment parameter set is generated. Determining the drying temperature based on the tire type includes: Obtain moisture content data for tire raw materials; The moisture content of the raw materials is determined based on the moisture detection data. The drying temperature is determined based on the tire type and the moisture content of the raw material; The step of determining the drying temperature based on the tire type and the moisture content of the raw material includes: Obtain the device information of the processing device; Based on the equipment information, determine the effective volume of the equipment; Based on the equipment information, determine the feeding rate per unit time; The steam generation rate is determined based on the moisture content of the raw materials and the feed rate. Calculate the maximum steam load based on the effective volume of the equipment; The steam generation rate is compared with the maximum steam load, and the drying temperature is determined based on the comparison results and the tire type. The analysis of the real-time material information to obtain material characteristics includes: Analyze the real-time material information to determine the particle size distribution and bulk density; Analyze the real-time material information to determine the remaining metal content and the remaining sulfur content; Based on the tire type, retrieve historical pyrolysis records; Based on the historical pyrolysis records, the sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity are determined according to the remaining sulfur content and the remaining metal content. The sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity are used as material properties.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time material information also includes real-time gas phase information, and the determination of the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material characteristics includes: Analyze the real-time gas phase information to determine the hydrocarbon content of the product; The dynamic pyrolysis temperature is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the remaining sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the remaining metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity. The dynamic reaction atmosphere is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the moisture content of the raw materials, and the drying temperature.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before controlling the processing equipment to upgrade the material according to the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, the method further includes: Analyze the metal content to determine the metal composition; The catalyst configuration is determined based on the metal composition, the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the residual metal content, and the metal catalytic activity index. The step of controlling the processing equipment to upgrade materials based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere includes: The processing equipment is controlled to upgrade materials based on the dynamic pyrolysis temperature, the catalyst configuration, and the dynamic reaction atmosphere.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the dynamic pyrolysis temperature based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the remaining sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the remaining metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity includes: Based on the sulfur migration coefficient and the remaining sulfur content, the temperature of the desulfurization section and the residence time of each desulfurization section are determined. The atmosphere and expected temperature of the main pyrolysis section are determined based on the remaining metal content and the metal catalytic activity index. Based on the hydrocarbon content of the product, the expected temperature of the main cracking section is adjusted to obtain the actual temperature of the main cracking section; Based on the thermal conductivity, the actual main pyrolysis section temperature and desulfurization section temperature are corrected to obtain the dynamic pyrolysis temperature.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the raw material moisture content, and the drying temperature includes: The moisture content of the raw material is compared with a preset moisture threshold, and based on the comparison result, it is determined whether to perform staged drying. If it is determined that staged drying will be carried out, the control parameters of the drying stage shall be determined based on the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature. The step of determining the control parameters of the drying section based on the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature includes the following steps: The drying temperature is compared with the first temperature range to determine whether to remove free water. If the drying temperature is within the first temperature range, then it is determined that the free water will be removed, and the processing equipment is controlled to remove the free water. The drying temperature is compared with the second temperature range to determine whether an oxidation pretreatment is required. If the drying temperature is within the second temperature range, then an oxidation pretreatment is determined to be performed, and the processing equipment is controlled to perform the oxidation pretreatment. The atmosphere of the main reaction section is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient and the remaining sulfur content.

6. A process control system for producing light oil from waste tires, characterized in that, The method applied to any one of claims 1-5 includes: The set determination module is used to acquire raw material characteristic data of waste tires and determine the set of preprocessing parameters based on the raw material characteristic data. The information acquisition module is used to control the processing equipment to process the waste tires according to the preprocessing parameter set, and to acquire real-time material information after processing. The characteristic analysis module is used to analyze the real-time material information, obtain the material characteristics, and determine the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material characteristics. The upgrading control module is used to control the processing equipment to upgrade the material according to the dynamic pyrolysis temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, so as to obtain light oil that meets the standards.

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