Device and process for separating different metals of waste batteries by composite acid targeting

Abstract

The application relates to the field of waste battery component regeneration, in particular to a device and process for separating different metals in waste batteries by using composite acid targeting, which comprises a reaction box with an internal hollow structure, a feeding inlet is arranged on the reaction box so as to facilitate workers to put the crushed battery materials into the reaction box, a mixing cylinder is connected in the reaction box and communicates with the feeding inlet, the mixing cylinder is used for providing a space required for dissolving metal ions in the battery by using a composite acid solution, and a separation unit for promoting the separation of target metals from the mixed solution is communicated with the mixing cylinder; the target metal ions in the battery materials are leached by using the composite acid solution, the precipitation process of specific metal ions is promoted by using a precipitant, the reaction and precipitation of other metal ions are inhibited, then the specific metal compounds after precipitation are effectively separated by using the separation unit, and the effect of targeting separation of different specific metal ions is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste battery component recycling, and in particular to a device and process for targeted separation of different metals from waste batteries using composite acids. Background Technology

[0002] The recycling of used batteries is a crucial pathway to achieving a circular economy. With the rapid development of electronic products, the disposal of used batteries has become increasingly serious, not only burdening the environment but also hindering the effective utilization of resources. Used batteries are rich in various valuable metals, such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, and manganese. These metals can be effectively recycled through appropriate processes of separation and extraction.

[0003] With the advancement of technology, technicians in related fields have optimized the technical means for separating metals from waste batteries. For a more accurate comparison, Chinese patent CN221320046U discloses a precious metal separation device for waste batteries, including an outer cylinder, an inlet pipe, a discharge pipe, a sealing cap, an inner core cylinder, and a filter screen. In use, the inner core cylinder is placed inside the outer cylinder, and an agitation mechanism is installed inside the inner core cylinder. The agitation mechanism uses the cooperation of a transmission shaft, a stirring rod, a driven gear, a motor, and a driving gear to drive the inner core cylinder to agitate the waste material inside during chemical immersion. At the same time, the motor is started to drive the inner core cylinder to rotate through the belt drive between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, thereby synchronously agitating the chemical solution to ensure full contact between the chemical solution and the waste material containing metals.

[0004] However, the following problems still exist when using the above-mentioned existing technology to separate metals from batteries:

[0005] The aforementioned device feeds the crushed reagent and battery material into the outer cylinder and inner core cylinder, and then uses a stirring mechanism to drive the reagent and battery material to fully contact each other before discharging. After the reagent leaches the metals in the battery material, it fails to effectively separate the different metals in time, causing the separated metals to continue to mix together. However, in actual use, since waste batteries are usually composed of many different types of metal ions, if the different metals are not separated in a short time after the reagent contacts the crushed waste battery to leach the metals, they can easily undergo a chemical reaction after being leached and mixed together. Then, the staff needs to extract and separate them again. Therefore, the aforementioned device is still inconvenient to use.

[0006] Therefore, based on the above-mentioned viewpoints, there is still room for improvement in existing technologies for separating metals from batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a device for targeted separation of different metals from waste batteries using a composite acid solution. The device includes a hollow reaction chamber with a feed inlet for workers to feed pulverized battery materials into it. A mixing cylinder connected to the feed inlet is located inside the reaction chamber. The mixing cylinder provides the space required for the composite acid solution to dissolve metal ions in the battery. A separation unit is connected to the mixing cylinder to facilitate the separation of the target metal from the mixed solution.

[0008] The separation unit includes several receiving cylinders disposed below and connected to the mixing cylinder. Each receiving cylinder is connected to a connecting pipe, and a guide pipe is also connected to the receiving cylinder. A sieve plate that fits against the inner wall of the receiving cylinder is connected to the guide pipe. A permeable mesh plate located below the sieve plate is also sleeved on the guide pipe. Both the sieve plate and the permeable mesh plate have several permeable holes evenly distributed around their circumference, and the permeable holes on the sieve plate and the permeable mesh plate are staggered vertically. Through the cooperation between the permeable mesh plate and the sieve plate, the solid-liquid separation effect of the solution after reaction in the receiving cylinder is achieved.

[0009] Preferably, the sieve plate is inclined at an angle and tapered downwards.

[0010] Preferably, the lower side of the guide tube is connected to a filter for further removing impurities from the separated solidified compound. The filter includes a filter cylinder connected to the lower end of the guide tube, a filter plate with an inclined angle connected inside the filter cylinder, and several nozzles evenly distributed around the filter cylinder. The nozzles are filled with washing liquid for removing excess impurities from the filter cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the lower ends of all the filter cartridges are connected to a connecting pipe that is connected to the inner wall of the reaction chamber. A driven rotating rod with a hollow interior is inserted through the connecting pipe, and a heating rod is connected inside the driven rotating rod.

[0012] Preferably, the driven rotating rod is symmetrically provided with helical blades, and the rotation directions of two corresponding helical blades are opposite.

[0013] Preferably, a drive rod is provided between the connected receiving cylinder, guide pipe, and filter cylinder. The end of the drive rod away from the connecting pipe extends upward through the reaction tank and is connected to a drive end. A connecting sleeve connected to the filter cylinder is fitted at the lower end of the guide pipe. A limit sleeve is connected inside the guide pipe and the connecting sleeve. The limit sleeve is threaded onto the drive rod. A driven pusher is connected to the bottom of the limit sleeve. The end of the driven pusher away from the connected limit sleeve extends through the guide pipe and the connecting sleeve and is connected to the permeable mesh plate.

[0014] Preferably, the drive rod is fitted with a drive guide block located inside the connecting limiting sleeve, and the drive guide block and the limiting sleeve are threadedly connected.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of sealing plates are sleeved on the same drive rotor, corresponding to the receiving cylinder, guide tube and filter cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of mounting rings are evenly connected to a section of the drive rotor located inside the receiving cylinder, and a plurality of connecting frames are evenly connected to the mounting rings circumferentially. An agitator is connected to the side of the connecting frame away from the connected mounting ring.

[0017] Furthermore, this invention also provides a process for targeted separation of different metals from waste batteries using composite acids, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1: The crushed battery material is put into a mixing drum, and different types of composite acid solutions with different concentration ratios are placed in the mixing drum to fully immerse the battery material in the composite acid solution, and the required metal ion solution is separated out through the composite acid solution.

[0019] S2: After the acid leaching process of metal ions in the battery material is completed, the material is allowed to flow into each container separately, and a chemical precipitant is added to the container to promote the precipitation of specific metal ions to form a metal solidification compound of the metal ions. Then, the mixed solution and the metal solidification compound in each container are separated by the separation unit.

[0020] S3: After the mixed solution and the metal solidification compound in the container are separated into solid and liquid, the solidified material is guided to the filter to remove excess impurity ions. Then, the solidified material after impurity removal and filtration is heated and dried to obtain valuable metals with specific metal ions.

[0021] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] I. This invention uses a composite acid solution to leach target metal ions from battery materials, and then introduces them into a separation unit so that the dissolved metal ions can react and precipitate to obtain valuable metals related to the metal ions. In this process, a precipitant promotes the precipitation of specific metal ions and inhibits the reaction and precipitation of other metal ions. Then, the separation unit effectively separates the precipitated specific metal compounds, achieving the effect of targeted separation of different specific metal ions.

[0023] Second, this invention achieves control over the sealing time of the corresponding mixing cylinder, containing cylinder, and filter cylinder by the cooperation between the driving rotating rod, the limiting sleeve, and the driving guide block. This enables control over the reaction time of metal ions with the solution, effectively controlling the types of metal ions and the precipitation reaction of metal ions after acid leaching, and achieving targeted separation of different specific metals. At the same time, the rotation of the driving rotating rod drives several stirring plates to stir in the containing cylinder, which can also promote the precipitation rate of metal ions in the containing cylinder.

[0024] Third, the present invention, through the cooperation between the connecting frame and the stirring plate set on the drive rod, can also control the stirring plate to swing at an angle, thereby driving the solidified metal compound located on the inner side of the container after precipitation to gather towards the middle of the container, so as to guide the precipitated metal compound out of the container and avoid the problem of excessive reaction and production of other impurities in the container. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the separation unit of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is the present invention. Figure 3 A magnified view of A in the middle.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral blade of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the driven pusher of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving guide block of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting frame of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 This is the present invention. Figure 8 A magnified view of B in the middle.

[0035] In the diagram, 1 is the reaction chamber; 10 is the mixing cylinder; 2 is the separation unit; 20 is the receiving cylinder; 21 is the connecting pipe; 22 is the guide pipe; 23 is the sieve plate; 24 is the permeable mesh plate; 3 is the filter; 30 is the filter cylinder; 31 is the filter plate; 32 is the nozzle; 33 is the connecting pipe; 330 is the driven rotating rod; 331 is the heating rod; 34 is the spiral blade; 35 is the driving rotating rod; 350 is the driving end; 351 is the connecting sleeve; 352 is the limiting sleeve; 3520 is the driving guide block; 353 is the driven push frame; 36 is the sealing plate; 37 is the mounting ring; 38 is the connecting frame; 380 is the mounting frame sleeve; 381 is the rotating bar; 382 is the adjusting slide bar; 383 is the driven guide block; 384 is the adjusting spring; 385 is the arc-shaped push block; 39 is the stirring plate; and 4 is the stop rod. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 9 The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0037] This application discloses an apparatus and method for targeted separation of different metals from waste batteries using a composite acid. The invention is primarily applied in the recycling process of metals from waste batteries, achieving the effect of separating and precipitating the metals contained within them. Specifically, during the metal separation process, the separation unit, filter, and composite acid solution work together to target and separate different specific metals. Furthermore, the invention utilizes the interaction between the driving rotor, limiting sleeve, and driving guide block to control the reaction time between metal ions and the solution, effectively controlling the types of metal ions and their precipitation reactions after acid leaching, thus achieving targeted separation of different specific metals.

[0038] Example 1: Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a device for targeted separation of different metals from waste batteries using composite acid includes a reaction chamber 1, a mixing cylinder 10, and a separation unit 2. The reaction chamber 1 is hollow inside and has a feed inlet for workers to feed the crushed battery material into it. The mixing cylinder 10, which is connected to the feed inlet, is connected inside the reaction chamber 1. The mixing cylinder 10 provides the space required for the composite acid solution to dissolve the metal ions in the battery. The separation unit 2, which is connected to the mixing cylinder 10, is used to separate the target metal from the mixed solution.

[0039] In use, a certain concentration of composite acid solution is pre-placed in the mixing cylinder 10, and then the pulverized battery material is introduced into the mixing cylinder 10 through the feed inlet. After the battery material is fully wetted by the composite acid solution, the target metal ions in the battery material are leached out by the composite acid solution, and then introduced into the separation unit 2 so that the dissolved metal ions can be reacted and precipitated by the separation unit 2 to obtain the valuable metals related to the metal ions.

[0040] It should be noted that, due to the differences in solubility of different metals in specific acid solutions, by selectively adjusting the type and concentration ratio of the composite acid solution, different specific metals in waste batteries can be selectively dissolved, thereby achieving targeted separation and efficient recycling. Based on this, the types of composite acid solutions include, but are not limited to, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid. Depending on the metal ions to be separated, different types of acid solutions are selected for combination and ratio to achieve targeted leaching of different specific metals immersed in the composite acid solution for subsequent separation processing.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, this is the separation unit 2, used to separate the target metal from the mixed solution. Specifically, the separation unit 2 includes a container 20, a connecting pipe 21, a guide pipe 22, a sieve plate 23, and a water-permeable mesh plate 24. Several container cylinders 20 are connected to the lower side of the mixing cylinder 10 to provide the necessary space for the dissolved metal ions to react with the precipitant. The container cylinders 20 are connected to the connecting pipe 21, and the container cylinders 20 are also connected to the guide pipe 22. The guide pipe 22 is connected to... A sieve plate 23 is attached to the inner wall of the container cylinder 20. A permeable mesh plate 24 located below the sieve plate 23 is also fitted on the guide pipe 22. Both the sieve plate 23 and the permeable mesh plate 24 are evenly provided with a number of permeable holes in the circumference. The permeable holes on the sieve plate 23 and the permeable mesh plate 24 are staggered vertically. The mutual cooperation between the permeable mesh plate 24 and the sieve plate 23 can achieve the effect of solid-liquid separation of the solution after reaction in the container cylinder 20.

[0042] In the initial state, the sieve plate 23 and the permeable mesh plate 24 are attached to each other and are not attached to the inner bottom wall of the connected container cylinder 20 (that is, there is a distance between the permeable mesh plate 24 and the inner bottom wall of the container cylinder 20). Due to the staggered arrangement of several permeable holes on the sieve plate 23 and the permeable mesh plate 24, the mixed solution formed by the composite acid solution, the compound dissolved by the composite acid, and the precipitant that enter the container cylinder 20 will not permeate downward through the permeable holes on the sieve plate 23 and the permeable mesh plate 24.

[0043] In use, a precipitant that promotes the deposition rate of the metal ions to be separated, and a buffer solution that adjusts the pH value of the mixed solution are added to the container 20 through the connecting pipe 21. This promotes the precipitation of a single specific metal ion in different container 20s (that is, the precipitant reacts with the specific metal ion to generate a water-insoluble solidified metal compound, hereinafter referred to as "solidified material"). After the precipitation of the metal compound is completed, the guide pipe 22 and the permeable mesh plate 24 are driven to move downward as a whole, causing the screen plate 23 and the permeable mesh plate 24 to separate from the attached state. At this time, as the permeable mesh plate 24 moves downward and separates from the screen plate 23, the water-insoluble compound (i.e., solidified material) generated in the container 20 is confined and retained on the upper side of the screen plate 23, while the mixed solution is located on the lower side of the screen plate 23, thereby achieving the effect of solid-liquid separation of the solution after reaction in the container 20.

[0044] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the screening of the solidified material remaining on the sieve plate 23 out of the receiving cylinder 20, refer to Figure 3 As shown, the sieve plate 23 is inclined downwards and tapered. After the solidified material in the receiving cylinder 20 stays on the sieve plate 23, due to the inclined setting of the sieve plate 23, the solidified material is guided into the guide pipe 22 by its own weight and along the inclined surface of the sieve plate 23, thereby completing the effect of sieving the solidified material in the receiving cylinder 20.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, a filter 3 for further removing impurities from the separated solidified material is connected to the lower side of the guide pipe 22. The filter 3 includes a filter cylinder 30, a filter plate 31, and a nozzle 32. The lower end of the guide pipe 22 is connected to the filter cylinder 30, and the filter plate 31 is connected inside the filter cylinder 30 at an inclined angle. Several nozzles 32 are evenly distributed around the filter cylinder 30, and each nozzle 32 is filled with washing liquid. Several spray holes are evenly formed on the section of the nozzle 32 that passes through the filter cylinder 30 to spray out the washing liquid, thereby removing excess impurities from the filter cylinder 30. It should be noted that the washing liquid is deionized water or distilled water used to remove impurities, mainly targeting the removal of soluble impurities in the separated solidified material. The nozzle 32 is designed to be connected to external equipment so that the washing liquid can be pumped out from the spray holes on the nozzle 32 through external equipment.

[0046] In use, the solidified material in the receiving cylinder 20 is guided to the filter cylinder 30 through the screen plate 23. As the solidified material enters the filter cylinder 30 and falls onto the filter plate 31, the washing liquid is sprayed out through the spray pipe 32. After the washing liquid comes into contact with the solidified material entering the filter cylinder 30, the soluble impurities in the solidified material dissolve in the washing liquid. Then, the solution is separated from the solidified material through the filter plate 31, thus achieving the effect of removing impurities from the solidified material after separation.

[0047] It should be noted that a reflux pipe (not shown in the figure) and a reflux pump (not shown in the figure) are connected between all the container cylinders 20 and the filter cylinders 30, so as to output the mixed solution outside the reaction tank 1 for further recycling and to transport the unreacted mixed solution in the container cylinder 20 back to the mixing cylinder 10 for secondary dissolution and separation, thereby improving the utilization rate of metal separation and recovery.

[0048] Reference Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the lower ends of all filter cylinders 30 are connected to a connecting pipe 33 that is connected to the inner wall of the reaction chamber 1. A driven rotating rod 330 with a hollow interior is installed inside the connecting pipe 33. A cavity is formed inside the driven rotating rod 330. A heating rod 331 is connected between the inner walls of the cavity. The heating plate is a conventional electric heating rod 331. The heating rod 331 is not in contact with the inner wall of the cavity. Several receiving cylinders 20 are connected to the connecting pipe 33 and multiple discharge channels that pass through the reaction chamber 1.

[0049] In use, after impurities are removed from the separated solidified material by the filter plate 31, the separated solidified material falls into the connecting pipe 33. At this time, the heating rod 331 generates heat, which is transferred to the driven rotating rod 330 and then to the solidified material in the connecting pipe 33. The solidified material is heated and dried by the heat transfer through the heating rod 331. Then, the dried solidified material (i.e., the metal solidified compound) is discharged through the discharge channel, thus completing the targeted separation of specific metals in waste batteries.

[0050] The heating method, which involves heating the driven rotating rod 330 with the heating rod 331 and then heating the cured material through the rod 330, effectively avoids direct contact between the cured material and the high-temperature heating rod 331, thus preventing the cured material from decomposing in a high-temperature environment.

[0051] Furthermore, referring to Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the driven rotating rod 330 is symmetrically equipped with helical blades 34, with the rotation directions of the two corresponding helical blades 34 being opposite. In use, the driven rotating rod 330 is driven to rotate in the forward direction. The rotation of the driven rotating rod 330 drives the two helical blades 34 connected to it to rotate. When the driven rotating rod 330 and the helical blades 34 rotate and come into contact with the solidified material in the connecting pipe 33, the rotating helical blades 34 and the driven rotating rod 330 drive the solidified material to rotate and shift within the connecting pipe 33. This allows the solidified material in the connecting pipe 33 to come into contact with the heated driven rotating rod 330 from multiple directions, increasing the heat transfer area between the solidified material and the driven rotating rod 330 and improving the efficiency of heating and drying the solidified material.

[0052] Furthermore, the driven rotating rod 330 is provided with multiple spiral blades 34 corresponding to the filter cylinder 30. Two spiral blades 34 on both sides of the filter cylinder 30 that are corresponding to each other and rotate in opposite directions form a group. A partition plate is sleeved on the driven rotating rod 330 between two adjacent groups of spiral blades 34. The partition plate is connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe 33 and is used to divide the connecting pipe 33 into multiple sections at the corresponding filter cylinder 30.

[0053] In use, by driving the driven rotating rod 330 to rotate in the forward direction, the solidified material located in the connecting pipe 33 is moved away from each other by any set of spiral blades 34 with opposite rotation directions. This increases the contact time and contact area between the solidified material and the driven rotating rod 330, thereby improving the drying effect of the solidified material.

[0054] After the cured material is dried, the driven rotating rod 330 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction. The cured material located on both sides of any set of spiral blades 34 in the connecting pipe 33 will gather towards the middle of the two spiral blades 34, so that the staff can take out the separated and dried cured material.

[0055] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a drive rod 35 is connected between the connected receiving cylinder 20, guide pipe 22 and filter cylinder 30. The end of the drive rod 35 away from the connecting pipe 33 passes upward through the reaction box 1 and is connected to the drive end 350. The lower end of the guide pipe 22 is fitted with a connecting sleeve 351. The guide pipe 22 and the connecting sleeve 351 are connected to a limiting sleeve 352. The limiting sleeve 352 is threaded onto the drive rod 35. The bottom of the limiting sleeve 352 is connected to a driven pusher 353. The end of the driven pusher 353 away from the connected limiting sleeve 352 passes through the guide pipe 22 and the connecting sleeve 351 and is connected to the permeable mesh plate 24.

[0056] In use, the drive rod 35 is driven to rotate by the drive end 350. During this process, the driven pusher 353, which passes through the guide tube 22 and the connecting sleeve 351, restricts the connected limiting sleeve 352 from being driven to rotate by the drive rod 35. Then, the threaded engagement between the drive rod 35 and the limiting sleeve 352 drives the limiting sleeve 352 to move downward along the axis of the drive rod 35. The downward movement of the limiting sleeve 352 causes the connected driven pusher 353 and the permeable mesh plate 24 to move downward, thereby causing the permeable mesh plate 24 and the screen plate 23 to disengage from the adhesive state, thus achieving the effect of solid-liquid separation in the receiving cylinder 20.

[0057] It should be noted that the drive end 350 is any driving means that drives the connected drive rods 35 to rotate in both the forward and reverse directions. In this embodiment, the drive end 350 adopts a method of installing synchronous pulleys on all drive rods 35, and all synchronous pulleys are connected together to drive all drive rods 35 to rotate synchronously. A drive motor is connected to any drive rod 35 to drive the drive rod 35 to rotate. The drive motor is connected to the reaction tank 1 through a motor frame.

[0058] Furthermore, in order to protect the drive rod 35 from chemical corrosion of its threads, refer to... Figure 4 As shown, a drive guide block 3520 is sleeved on the drive rod 35 and located inside the connecting limiting sleeve 352. A threaded section is formed on the inner side wall of the limiting sleeve 352 so that the connected drive guide block 3520 can slide. The drive rod 35 and the drive guide block 3520 always slide along the inner side wall of the connecting limiting sleeve 352 to avoid corrosion of the threads of the drive rod 35 after it passes through the limiting sleeve 352.

[0059] In use, the drive rod 35 and the drive guide block 3520 are driven to rotate. The rotation of the drive guide block 3522 drives the limit sleeve 352, the driven push frame 353 and the permeable mesh plate 24 to slide in the vertical direction through the thread on the inner wall of the limit sleeve 352, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the relative position between the screen plate 23 and the permeable mesh plate 24 in the same receiving cylinder 20.

[0060] Because the drive rod 35 can slide vertically due to the threaded engagement between the drive guide block 3520 and the limiting sleeve 352, a spline sleeve is provided between the drive rod 35 and the output shaft of the drive motor via a spline engagement. The spline sleeve is fitted onto the drive rod 35 to allow the drive rod 35 to slide vertically, and at the same time, the spline sleeve is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor to drive the drive rod 35 to rotate. Correspondingly, the synchronous pulley is fitted onto the spline sleeve, and the spline sleeve is limited to rotate by the motor frame.

[0061] To prevent the incomplete discharge of the relevant metal ions within the mixing cylinder 10, the receiving cylinder 20, and the filter cylinder 30, refer to... Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, several sealing plates 36 corresponding to the receiving cylinder 20, guide tube 22, and filter cylinder 30 are sleeved on the same drive rod 35. When it is necessary to release the sealing state at the mixing cylinder 10, receiving cylinder 20, and filter cylinder 30, the drive rod 35 and drive guide block 3520 are driven to rotate. The limiting sleeve 352 drives the driven pusher 353 and permeable mesh plate 24 connected to it to move down through the threaded engagement between it and the drive guide block 3520. After the permeable mesh plate 24 moves down to fit against the inner bottom of the receiving cylinder 20, the limiting of the receiving cylinder 20 on the permeable mesh plate 24 causes the driven pusher 353 and the limiting sleeve 352 connected to the permeable mesh plate 24 to be restricted from moving down further. At this time, the drive rod 35 is continued to be driven. The drive guide block 3520 rotates, and due to the threaded fit between the drive guide block 3520 and the limiting sleeve 352, the limiting sleeve 352 has a constant tendency to move downwards. However, the limiting sleeve 352 is restricted from moving downwards. Therefore, the downward trend of the limiting sleeve 352 is converted into an upward trend of the drive guide block 3520 and the drive rotating rod 35. After the permeable mesh plate 24 moves downwards and fits against the inner bottom wall of the receiving cylinder 20, the drive rotating rod 35 continues to rotate, which will drive the connected sealing plate 36 to move upwards, thereby achieving the effect of releasing the sealing state at the mixing cylinder 10, the receiving cylinder 20 and the filter cylinder 30.

[0062] Accordingly, when it is necessary to re-seal the mixing cylinder 10, the receiving cylinder 20, and the filter cylinder 30, and to re-adhere the permeable mesh plate 24 and the screen plate 23, it is only necessary to drive the drive rod 35 and the drive guide block 3520 to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, through the threaded engagement between the limiting sleeve 352 and the drive guide block 3520, the limiting sleeve 352 first drives the connected driven pusher 353 and the permeable mesh plate 24 to move upward. After the permeable mesh plate 24 moves upward and adheres to the screen plate 23, Afterwards, the screen plate 23 restricts the permeable screen plate 24 from moving upwards. At this time, the drive rod 35 and the drive guide block 3520 are driven to rotate. Through the threaded engagement between the limiting sleeve 352 and the drive guide block 3520, the drive rod 35 and the drive guide block 3520 are driven to move downwards along the inner wall of the limiting sleeve 352. The downward movement of the drive rod 35 drives the connected sealing block to move downwards and reset, so as to achieve the effect of re-sealing the mixing cylinder 10, the receiving cylinder 20 and the filter cylinder 30.

[0063] Furthermore, by controlling the reaction time of battery materials in the mixing cylinder 10 and the composite acid solution, specific metals can be leached in a targeted manner, while inhibiting the dissolution and leaching of other metals. By controlling the reaction between the acid-leached metal ions and the precipitant in the containing cylinder 20, selective precipitation of specific metals can also be effectively achieved, thus realizing the targeted separation of different metals in waste batteries.

[0064] Reference Figure 7As shown, a number of mounting rings 37 are evenly connected to a section of the drive rod 35 located inside the receiving cylinder 20. A number of connecting frames 38 are evenly connected to the mounting rings 37 in the circumferential direction. An agitator 39 is connected to the side of the connecting frame 38 away from the connected mounting rings 37.

[0065] In use, the drive rod 35 is driven to rotate, which in turn drives several connected brackets 38 and stirring plates 39 to rotate within the container 20. The stirring plates 39 cause the mixed solution in the container 20 to rotate and shift. After reaching the target pH value, the solution is stirred to ensure that the specific metal ions react fully with the precipitant to form a precipitate, which is then separated and guided by the screen plate 23 into the filter cylinder 30.

[0066] Example 2: Refer to Figures 7 to 9 As shown in Example 1, since the metal solidified compound formed after the reaction of metal ions and precipitant does not necessarily present a completely hard solid state, when the solidified material in the receiving cylinder 20 is separated and guided by the inclined sieve plate 23, some solidified material may adhere to the surface of the sieve plate 23. Therefore, to facilitate the cleaning of the solidified material adhering to the sieve plate 23, one of the mounting rings 37 closest to the sieve plate 23 inside the receiving cylinder 20 is rotatably connected to the drive rod 35. A stop rod 4 is also provided between the mounting ring 37 and the sealing plate to restrict the rotation of the mounting ring 37 by the drive rod 35. Meanwhile, the connecting frame 38... The system includes several mounting frames 380 evenly arranged circumferentially on the outer side of the mounting ring 37. A rotating bar 381 connected to the stirring plate 39 is rotatably connected inside the mounting frame 380. An adjusting slide bar 382 is inserted on the rotating bar 381 and passes through the mounting ring 37. A driven guide block 383 is sleeved on the section of the adjusting slide bar 382 inside the mounting ring 37. An adjusting spring 384 is sleeved on the adjusting slide bar 382 between the driven guide block 383 and the mounting ring 37. Several arc-shaped push blocks 385 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the drive rotating rod 35. The two ends of the arc-shaped push blocks 385 are arranged in a structure that gradually converges from one end to the other. The arc-shaped push blocks 385 are located inside the mounting ring 37 and are in contact with the adjusting slide bar 382.

[0067] In use, the drive rod 35 is driven to rotate, which in turn drives several connected arc-shaped push blocks 385 to rotate. The arc-shaped push blocks 385 rotate along their arc surfaces, pushing the adjusting slide rod 382 to slide away from the drive rod 35. The movement of the adjusting slide rod 382 causes the connected driven guide block 383 to slide synchronously, compressing the connected adjusting spring 384 and pushing the connected rotating bar 381 away from the mounting ring 37. One end of the rotating bar 381 is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 380. Therefore, when the rotating bar 381 is pushed to slide away from the mounting ring 37, it will drive the rotating bar 381 to drive the connected stirring plate 39 to deflect around the rotation axis between it and the mounting frame 380, thereby pushing the solidified material on the screen plate 23 to move and preventing the solidified material from sticking to the screen plate 23.

[0068] When one of the arc-shaped push blocks 385 rotates and disengages from the adjusting slide bar 382, ​​under the reset drive of the connected adjusting spring 384, the adjusting slide bar 382 is driven to slide towards the driving rod 35, thereby driving the rotating bar 381 and the connected stirring plate 39 to deflect at an angle towards the driving rod 35 with the rotation axis between them and the mounting frame 380 as the axis, so as to drive the solidified material on the screen plate 23 to gather towards the central driving rod 35.

[0069] Furthermore, since the sieve plate 23 is set at an inclined angle, the mounting frames 380, rotating bars 381, adjusting slide bars 382 and stirring plates 39 on one of the mounting rings 37 located at the bottom of the same receiving cylinder 20 can also be set at the same inclined angle as the sieve plate 23, so that the stirring plates 39 can fit in contact with the inclined surface of the sieve plate 23, thereby making it easier to push the solidified material on the sieve plate 23 to gather towards the center and guide the precipitated metal compounds out of the receiving cylinder 20, avoiding the problem of excessive reaction and production of other impurities in the receiving cylinder 20.

[0070] Furthermore, this invention also provides a process for targeted separation of different metals from waste batteries using composite acids, comprising the following steps:

[0071] S1: The crushed battery material is put into the mixing drum 10, and different types of composite acid solutions with different concentration ratios are placed in the mixing drum 10 so that the battery material is fully immersed in the composite acid solution, and the required metal ion solution is separated out through the composite acid solution.

[0072] S2: After the acid leaching process of metal ions in the battery material is completed, the material is allowed to flow into each container 20. A chemical precipitant is added to the container 20 to induce the precipitation of specific metal ions, thereby forming a metal solidification compound of the metal ions. Then, the mixed solution and the metal solidification compound in each container 20 are separated by the separation unit 2.

[0073] S3: After the mixed solution and metal solidification compound in the container 20 are separated into solid and liquid, the solidified material is guided to the filter 3 to remove excess impurity ions. Then, the solidified material after impurity removal and filtration is heated and dried to obtain valuable metals with specific metal ions.

[0074] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and not restrictive.

[0075] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A device for targeted separation of different metals from waste batteries using composite acids, comprising a reaction chamber with a hollow interior, characterized in that: The reaction chamber is equipped with a feed inlet for workers to add the pulverized battery materials. A mixing cylinder connected to the feed inlet is located inside the reaction chamber. The mixing cylinder provides the space needed for the composite acid solution to dissolve metal ions in the battery. A separation unit is connected to the mixing cylinder to facilitate the separation of the target metal from the mixed solution. The separation unit includes several receiving cylinders disposed below and connected to the mixing cylinder. Each receiving cylinder is connected to a connecting pipe, and a guide pipe is also connected to the receiving cylinder. A sieve plate that fits against the inner wall of the receiving cylinder is connected to the guide pipe. A permeable mesh plate located below the sieve plate is also sleeved on the guide pipe. Both the sieve plate and the permeable mesh plate are evenly provided with several permeable holes in a circumferential direction, and the permeable holes on the sieve plate and the permeable mesh plate are staggered vertically. Through the cooperation between the permeable mesh plate and the sieve plate, the solid-liquid separation effect of the solution after reaction in the receiving cylinder is achieved. The lower side of the guide tube is connected to a filter for further removing impurities from the separated solidified compound. The filter includes a filter cylinder connected to the lower end of the guide tube, a filter plate with an inclined angle connected inside the filter cylinder, and several nozzles evenly inserted circumferentially through the filter cylinder. The nozzles are filled with washing liquid to remove excess impurities inside the filter cylinder. A drive rod is connected between the connected receiving cylinder, guide pipe, and filter cylinder. The end of the drive rod away from the connecting pipe extends upward through the reaction tank and is connected to the drive end. The lower end of the guide pipe is fitted with a connecting sleeve that communicates with the filter cylinder. A limit sleeve is connected inside the guide pipe and the connecting sleeve. The limit sleeve is threaded onto the drive rod. The bottom of the limit sleeve is connected to a driven pusher. The end of the driven pusher away from the connected limit sleeve extends through the guide pipe and the connecting sleeve and is connected to the permeable mesh plate. Several sealing plates corresponding to the receiving cylinder, guide tube and filter cylinder are sleeved on the same drive rod; The drive rotating rod is evenly connected to a number of mounting rings on a section inside the receiving cylinder. One of the mounting rings closest to the screen plate is rotatably connected to the drive rotating rod. The mounting ring is evenly connected to a number of connecting frames circumferentially. A stirring plate is connected to the side of the connecting frame away from the connected mounting ring. The connecting frame includes several mounting frames evenly arranged circumferentially on the outer side of the mounting ring. A rotating bar connected to the stirring plate is rotatably connected inside the mounting frame. An adjusting slide rod is inserted on the rotating bar and passes through the mounting ring. A driven guide block is sleeved on the section of the adjusting slide rod inside the mounting ring. An adjusting spring is sleeved on the adjusting slide rod between the driven guide block and the mounting ring. Several arc-shaped push blocks are evenly arranged circumferentially on the driving rotating rod. The two ends of the arc-shaped push blocks are arranged in a structure that gradually converges from one end to the other.

2. The device for targeted separation of different metals from waste batteries using composite acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screen plate is inclined at an angle and tapered downwards.

3. The device for targeted separation of different metals from waste batteries using composite acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower ends of all the filter cartridges are connected to a connecting pipe that is connected to the inner wall of the reaction chamber. A hollow driven rotating rod is inserted through the connecting pipe, and a heating rod is connected inside the driven rotating rod.

4. The device for targeted separation of different metals from waste batteries using composite acid according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driven rotating rod is symmetrically provided with helical blades, and the rotation directions of two corresponding helical blades are opposite.

5. The device for targeted separation of different metals from waste batteries using composite acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive rod is fitted with a drive guide block located inside the connecting limiting sleeve, and the drive guide block and the limiting sleeve are threadedly connected.

6. A process for targeted separation of different metals from waste batteries using composite acids, employing the apparatus for targeted separation of different metals from waste batteries using composite acids as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The separation process includes the following steps: S1: The crushed battery material is put into the mixing drum, and different types of composite acid solutions with different concentration ratios are placed in the mixing drum to fully immerse the battery material in the composite acid solution, and the required metal ion solution is separated out through the composite acid solution. S2: After the acid leaching process of metal ions in the battery material is completed, the material is allowed to flow into each container separately, and a chemical precipitant is added to the container to promote the precipitation of metal ions, so as to form a metal solidification compound of the metal ions. Then, the mixed solution and the metal solidification compound in each container are separated by the separation unit. S3: After the mixed solution and metal curing compound in the container are separated into solid and liquid, the cured material is guided to the filter to remove excess impurity ions, and then the cured material after impurity removal and filtration is heated and dried.

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