High purity smelting electric slag furnace for superalloy electric slag ingot and smelting process thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electroslag furnaces, and discloses an electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots and a smelting process thereof, which comprises a fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing base, a fixing piece and a buffer piece, the top end of a protective cover is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the fixing base, the top end of the fixing base is fixedly connected with the fixing piece through bolts, the buffer piece is arranged between the outer ring of the fixing piece and the inner ring of the fixing base, the buffer piece is fixedly connected with the fixing piece, and the buffer piece is in contact with the fixing base. When the consumable electrode passes through the protective cover and is inserted into the crystallization shell, the consumable electrode is effectively fixed by the fixing piece, and the vibration generated by the consumable electrode is effectively absorbed by the buffer piece, so that the concentricity between the consumable electrode and the crystallization shell and the protective cover is improved, eccentricity caused by the vibration of the consumable electrode is prevented, and problems such as segregation and surface defects which affect the forming quality of the electroslag ingot are avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of electroslag furnaces, in particular to an electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslab ingots and a smelting process thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The electroslag furnace is a special smelting equipment for melting the consumable electrode inserted into the slag pool by using the heat energy generated by the remelting current, and the metal droplets are crystallized into electroslab ingots in the water-cooled crystallizer after being cleaned by the slag liquid. Due to the de-inclusion effect of the slag liquid and the good crystallization condition, the electroslag remelted metal has good purity, the as-cast structure is fine and uniform, there is no white spot and annual ring segregation, the sulfur content is extremely low, and the inclusions are fine and dispersed, and the like. Therefore, the electroslag furnace is widely used in the production of titanium-based, nickel-based, iron-based and cobalt-based high-temperature alloys.

[0003] However, the existing electroslag furnace still has some defects in the use process: in the prior art, the electrode rod inserted into the crystallizer is composed of a dummy electrode and a consumable electrode, and the electrode rod is clamped and fixed by a clamping mechanism. However, in actual application, the consumable electrode will generate an electromagnetic force and vibrate under the action of the electromagnetic force, so that the center of gravity of the consumable electrode will deviate, and the consumable electrode will also deviate, thereby causing the eccentricity of the consumable electrode in the crystallizer, resulting in uneven temperature distribution of the slag pool and disordered solidification structure, and further causing segregation, surface defects and other problems of the electroslab ingot, thereby affecting the forming quality of the electroslab ingot. SUMMARY

[0004] The application provides an electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslab ingots and a smelting process thereof, which effectively ensures the concentricity between the crystallization shell and the consumable electrode, so as to solve the forming quality problems such as segregation caused by the eccentricity of the consumable electrode.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: an electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslab ingots, comprising:

[0006] a crystallization shell and a protective cover, the top end of the crystallization shell is tightly attached to the bottom end of the protective cover;

[0007] a fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing seat, a fixing piece and a buffer piece, the top end of the protective cover is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixing seat, and the top end of the fixing seat is fixedly connected to the fixing piece through a bolt, the buffer piece is arranged between the outer circle of the fixing piece and the inner circle of the fixing seat, and the buffer piece is fixedly connected to the fixing piece, and the buffer piece is in contact with the fixing seat;

[0008] an electrode rod, the crystallization shell, the protective cover and the fixing piece are coaxially arranged, and the electrode rod is movably sleeved on the middle part of the fixing piece;

[0009] The electrode rod is fixed by the fixing part, and the vibration generated by the electrode rod is absorbed by the buffer part, thereby improving the concentricity between the consumable electrode and the crystallization shell and the protective cover.

[0010] Further, the outer wall top end of the crystallization shell is sleeved with a connecting part, and the outer wall bottom end of the protective cover is sleeved with a connecting part, the connecting part on the crystallization shell and the connecting part on the protective cover are mutually matched, and the two connecting parts are fixed and connected by bolts.

[0011] Further, the electrode rod comprises:

[0012] The cross-sectional shape of the threaded part is T-shaped;

[0013] The bottom end of the threaded part is provided with an internal screw groove, and the top end of the consumable electrode is provided with an external thread, and the threaded part is threadedly sleeved with the consumable electrode;

[0014] The top end of the threaded part is provided with an external thread, and the bottom end of the dummy electrode is provided with an internal screw groove, and the threaded part is threadedly sleeved with the dummy electrode.

[0015] Further, the crystallization shell is a constituent part of the crystallization mechanism, and the crystallization mechanism further comprises:

[0016] The wall surface of the crystallization shell is internally provided with a cooling cavity, the bottom end and the top end of the side wall of the crystallization shell are fixedly sleeved with cooling water pipes, and one end of the cooling water pipes is fixedly communicated with the cooling cavity.

[0017] Further, the protective cover is a constituent part of the protection mechanism, and the protection mechanism further comprises:

[0018] The top middle part of the protective cover is provided with a protective circular hole, and the consumable electrode passes through the protective circular hole of the protective cover, the protective circular hole is in the shape of a circular truncated cone with a wide top and a narrow bottom, the diameter of the protective circular hole is larger than the diameter of the consumable electrode, the wall surface of the protective cover is fixedly sleeved with air charging pipes, and one end of the air charging pipes is communicated with the protective circular hole, the number of the air charging pipes is several, and the several air charging pipes are evenly arranged around the protective cover, and the air charging pipes are obliquely arranged as viewed from above.

[0019] By arranging the protection mechanism on the top end of the crystallization shell, and the protection mechanism comprising the protective cover and the air charging pipes, when working, the connecting part is used to charge argon gas to the consumable electrode, effectively blocking the entry of external oxygen, thereby preventing the oxidation of the consumable electrode and affecting the forming quality of the electroslag ingot.

[0020] Further, the middle part of the fixing part is provided with a fixing circular hole, and the consumable electrode passes through the fixing circular hole of the fixing part, and the diameter of the fixing circular hole is adapted to the diameter of the consumable electrode.

[0021] Further, further comprising:

[0022] A limiting mechanism, the bottom end of the fixing member is coaxially provided with a limiting mechanism, and the limiting mechanism is sleeved outside the electrode rod;

[0023] A supporting mechanism, the bottom end of the fixing member is coaxially provided with a supporting mechanism, and the supporting mechanism is sleeved outside the limiting mechanism.

[0024] Further, the limiting mechanism comprises:

[0025] A limiting ring, the number of the limiting ring is two, and the inner circle of the two limiting rings is movably sleeved with the outer wall of the consumable electrode;

[0026] A limiting member, the limiting member is movably wound on the outer wall of the consumable electrode, the number of the limiting member is two, and the two limiting members are uniformly arranged around the consumable electrode;

[0027] A limiting head, the top end of the upper limiting ring is fixedly connected with a limiting head, and the bottom end of the fixing member is provided with a limiting groove, and the fixing member is fixedly sleeved with the limiting head through the limiting groove.

[0028] By movably arranging the supporting mechanism at the bottom end of the fixing member, and arranging the supporting mechanism outside the limiting member, the cross-sectional shape between the fixing member, the limiting member and the supporting mechanism is triangular, thereby effectively supporting the fixing member and the limiting member, and improving the stability between the fixing member and the limiting member.

[0029] Further, the supporting mechanism comprises:

[0030] An upper ring, the top end of the upper ring is attached to the bottom end of the fixing member;

[0031] A lower ring, the inner circle of the lower ring is attached to the outer wall of the limiting member, the lower ring is located below the upper ring, and the diameter of the lower ring is smaller than the diameter of the upper ring;

[0032] A supporting plate, the supporting plate is obliquely arranged between the upper ring and the lower ring, the number of the supporting plate is several, and the several supporting plates are uniformly arranged around the upper ring and the lower ring, and the supporting plate is obliquely arranged when viewed from above;

[0033] A supporting head, the top end of the upper ring is fixedly connected with a supporting head, and the bottom end of the fixing member is provided with a supporting groove, and the fixing member is movably sleeved with the supporting head through the supporting groove.

[0034] By supporting mechanism is composed of upper ring, lower ring, support plate and support head, and the support plate is obliquely arranged between the upper ring and the lower ring, and the inflation pipe is obliquely arranged in the protection cover opposite to the support plate, when the argon is filled, the argon can exert a pushing force on the supporting mechanism, so as to push the supporting mechanism to rotate, which not only makes the argon uniformly distributed on the surface of the consumable electrode at the same height, but also makes the surface temperature of the consumable electrode slowly rise from top to bottom under the action of argon, thereby effectively preventing the bending problem of the limiting part due to the too fast change of temperature, and improving the forming quality of the electroslag ingot.

[0035] Further, the melting process of the high-temperature alloy electroslag ingot high-purity melting electroslag furnace comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1, when working, the consumable electrode is inserted into the crystalline shell, and the lower end of the consumable electrode is melted under the action of current, and the metal droplets form an electroslag ingot after passing through the slag pool, in this process, the consumable electrode continuously descends into the crystalline shell, and the generated electroslag ingot continuously draws out from the lower part of the crystalline shell;

[0037] S2, in the process of moving the consumable electrode, first, the consumable electrode is limited and fixed by the fixed part, and the vibration generated by the consumable electrode is absorbed by the buffer part;

[0038] S3, then, the consumable electrode is limited and fixed by the limiting mechanism, and the length of the limiting and fixing of the consumable electrode is extended;

[0040] S4, because the support mechanism is arranged between the fixed part and the limiting part, the cross-sectional shape between the fixed part, the limiting part and the support mechanism is triangular, so as to stabilize the fixed part and the limiting part;

[0041] S5, in the working process, argon is filled into the direction of the consumable electrode by using the inflation pipe, so as to protect the consumable electrode by argon;

[0042] S6, when the inflation pipe fills in argon, the argon will exert a pushing force on the supporting mechanism to push the supporting mechanism to rotate.

[0043] The application has the following advantages:

[0044] The high-temperature alloy electroslag ingot high-purity melting electroslag furnace provided by the application comprises a fixed mechanism composed of a fixed seat, a fixed part and a buffer part, the fixed part is fixed on the fixed seat by bolts, and the edge of the fixed part is provided with the buffer part, when the consumable electrode passes through the protection cover and is inserted into the crystalline shell, the consumable electrode is effectively limited and fixed by the fixed part, and the vibration generated by the consumable electrode is effectively absorbed by the buffer part, so as to improve the concentricity between the consumable electrode and the crystalline shell and the protection cover, prevent the eccentricity phenomenon caused by the vibration of the consumable electrode, and avoid the problems of segregation, surface defects and the like affecting the forming quality of the electroslag ingot.

[0044] By setting the limiting mechanism at the bottom end of the fixing part, and the limiting mechanism is composed of a limiting ring, a limiting part and a limiting head, when the consumable electrode passes through the fixing part, the consumable electrode is effectively limited and fixed by the limiting mechanism, the limiting and fixing length of the consumable electrode is effectively prolonged, the concentricity between the consumable electrode and the crystalline shell and the protective cover is further improved, so as to ensure the forming quality of the electroslag ingot. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by the drawings provided by the person skilled in the art without creative labor:

[0046] Figure 1 It is a whole perspective view of the present application;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a whole sectional perspective view of the present application;

[0048] Figure 3 It is an enlarged view of A in the present application; Figure 2

[0049] Figure 4 It is a whole overhead sectional perspective view of the present application located at the inflation pipe;

[0050] Figure 5 It is an enlarged view of B in the present application; Figure 4

[0051] Figure 6 It is a perspective view of the protection mechanism and the fixing mechanism of the present application;

[0052] Figure 7 It is a sectional perspective view of the protection mechanism and the fixing mechanism of the present application;

[0053] Figure 8 It is a perspective view of the fixing mechanism in the split state of the present application;

[0054] Figure 9 It is a perspective view of the electrode rod, the limiting mechanism and the supporting mechanism of the present application;

[0055] Figure 10 It is a perspective view of the electrode rod of the present application;

[0056] Figure 11 It is a perspective view of the limiting mechanism of the present application;

[0057] ​​Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mechanism restricting the disassembly state in this invention;

[0058] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the support mechanism in this invention;

[0059] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the support mechanism in the disassembled state in this invention.

[0060] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Crystallization mechanism; 21. Crystallization shell; 22. Cooling water pipe; 3. Protection mechanism; 31. Protective cover; 32. Air inlet pipe; 4. Fixing mechanism; 41. Fixing base; 42. Fixing component; 43. Buffer component; 44. Laser component; 5. Electrode rod; 51. Threaded component; 52. Consumable electrode; 53. Dummy electrode; 6. Restriction mechanism; 61. Restriction ring; 62. Restriction component; 63. Restriction head; 7. Support mechanism; 71. Upper ring; 72. Lower ring; 73. Support plate; 74. Support head; 8. Connecting component. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] Example 1: An electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots, such as... Figures 1-2 , Figure 4 The system includes a crystallization shell 21, with a cooling cavity inside the wall of the crystallization shell 21. Cooling water pipes 22 are fixedly connected to the bottom and top of the side walls of the crystallization shell 21. One end of the cooling water pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the cooling cavity, and the other end of the cooling water pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the water supply mechanism. It should be noted that the lower cooling water pipe 22 is the inlet pipe, and the upper cooling water pipe 22 is the outlet pipe, so that the cooling water moves evenly from bottom to top along the cooling cavity. Its function is to control the thermal balance under high temperature environment, ensure the safe operation of the equipment and the stability of the process. Thus, the crystallization shell 21 and the cooling water pipe 22 constitute the crystallization mechanism 2, thereby providing a working space for the self-consumable electrode 52 to generate electroslag ingots.

[0063] like Figures 1-2 , Figure 4 A base plate 1 is provided below the crystallization shell 21, and the base plate 1 is connected to the ingot extraction mechanism. During operation, the crystallization shell 21 is installed and fixed. As the electroslag ingot slowly grows, the ingot extraction mechanism controls the base plate 1 to gradually move down, thereby realizing the continuous extraction of the electroslag ingot from the crystallization shell 21.

[0064] As Figures 1-2 , the inside of the crystalline shell 21 is provided with an electrode rod 5, which includes a threaded part 51, a consumable electrode 52 and a dummy electrode 53, as Figures 9-10 , the cross-sectional shape of the threaded part 51 is T-shaped, the bottom end of the threaded part 51 is provided with an internal screw groove, and the top end of the consumable electrode 52 is provided with an external thread, the threaded part 51 and the consumable electrode 52 are threadedly connected, in the working process, the consumable electrode 52 is continuously melted and dropped at the bottom end due to current heating, and passes through the slag pool to form an electroslag ingot, the top end of the threaded part 51 is provided with an external thread, and the bottom end of the dummy electrode 53 is provided with an internal screw groove, the threaded part 51 and the dummy electrode 53 are threadedly connected, so as to realize the stable connection of the consumable electrode 52 and the dummy electrode 53 by the threaded part 51, the top end of the dummy electrode 53 is connected with the clamping mechanism, so as to effectively control the vertical movement of the consumable electrode 52 and the dummy electrode 53 by the clamping mechanism, so as to realize the feeding operation of the electrode rod 5.

[0065] As Figures 1-3 , Figures 6-7 , the top end of the crystalline shell 21 is closely attached to the bottom end of the protective cover 31, the top end of the outer wall of the crystalline shell 21 is fixedly sleeved with a connecting piece 8, and the bottom end of the outer wall of the protective cover 31 is fixedly sleeved with a connecting piece 8, the connecting piece 8 on the crystalline shell 21 and the connecting piece 8 on the protective cover 31 are attached to each other, and the two connecting pieces 8 are fixedly connected by bolts, so as to realize the stable connection of the crystalline shell 21 and the protective cover 31 by the connecting piece 8, in addition, according to the requirements, the bottom end of the outer wall of the crystalline shell 21 is fixedly sleeved with a connecting piece 8, so as to realize the stable connection of the crystalline shell 21 and other components by the connecting piece 8, the top end of the protective cover 31 is provided with a protective circular hole, and the consumable electrode 52 passes through the protective circular hole of the protective cover 31, the protective circular hole is in the shape of a circular truncated cone with the top wide and the bottom narrow, and the diameter of the protective circular hole is larger than that of the consumable electrode 52, so as to effectively prevent the consumable electrode 52 from colliding with the protective cover 31 in the working process and causing damage to the protective cover 31, avoiding affecting the protection of the crystalline shell 21 by the protective cover 31.

[0066] As Figures 1-8 , the top end of the protective cover 31 is provided with a fixing mechanism 4, the fixing mechanism 4 includes a fixing seat 41, a fixing part 42, a buffer part 43 and a laser part 44, as Figure 8The top end of the protective cover 31 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the fixing seat 41, and the top end of the fixing seat 41 is fixedly connected with the fixing part 42 through a bolt, a fixing circular hole is formed in the middle part of the fixing part 42, and the consumable electrode 52 passes through the fixing circular hole of the fixing part 42, and the diameter of the fixing circular hole is adapted to the diameter of the consumable electrode 52, so that the consumable electrode 52 can be fixed and limited during work, so as to ensure the stability of the consumable electrode 52 and avoid eccentricity of the consumable electrode 52 to cause segregation and other problems, the buffer part 43 is arranged between the outer circle of the fixing part 42 and the inner circle of the fixing seat 41, the buffer part 43 is fixedly connected with the fixing part 42, the buffer part 43 is in contact with the fixing seat 41, and the buffer part 43 is internally provided with damping liquid, which is a functional liquid with high viscosity and energy absorption characteristics, mainly used for slowing down mechanical movement, absorbing vibration or impact energy, converting kinetic energy into heat energy dissipation, and a plurality of laser parts 44 are arranged at the top end of the fixing part 42, and the laser parts 44 are uniformly arranged around the fixing part 42, the laser parts 44 can emit laser, and the laser parts 44 corresponding to the clamping mechanism are synchronously provided with laser parts 44, and the laser parts 44 can receive laser, so that the calibration of the electrode rod 5 can be realized in real time through the two groups of laser parts 44 during work, and if the laser parts 44 detect serious deviation, the staff needs to check whether the fixing mechanism 4 is damaged in time, so as to maintain in time.

[0067] As Figure 2 , the crystalline shell 21, the protective cover 31 and the fixing part 42 are coaxially arranged, the middle part of the fixing part 42 movably sleeves the electrode rod 5, the electrode rod 5 can be fixed and limited by the fixing part 42, and the vibration generated by the electrode rod 5 is effectively absorbed by the buffer part 43, so as to improve the concentricity between the consumable electrode 52 and the crystalline shell 21 and the protective cover 31, prevent the consumable electrode 52 from being eccentric due to vibration, and avoid problems such as segregation, surface defects and the like affecting the quality of the electroslag ingot.

[0068] In example two, on the basis of example one, the high-temperature alloy electroslag ingot high-purity smelting electroslag furnace further comprises a limiting mechanism 6, as Figures 1-5 The bottom end of the fixing part 42 is coaxially arranged with the limiting mechanism 6, and the limiting mechanism 6 sleeves the outside of the electrode rod 5, effectively providing further limiting and fixing effect for the electrode rod 5, the limiting mechanism 6 comprises a limiting ring 61, a limiting part 62 and a limiting head 63, as Figure 9 , Figures 11-12The number of the limiting rings 61 is two, the inner circle of the two limiting rings 61 is movably sleeved with the outer wall of the consumable electrode 52, the limiting member 62 is fixedly arranged between the two limiting rings 61, the limiting member 62 is in a spiral shape, the limiting member 62 is movably wound on the outer wall of the consumable electrode 52, the number of the limiting member 62 is two, and the two limiting members 62 are uniformly arranged around the consumable electrode 52. By using the structural design of the limiting ring 61 and the limiting member 62, the length of the consumable electrode 52 fixed by the limiting position is effectively prolonged, the concentricity between the consumable electrode 52 and the crystallization shell 21 and the protective cover 31 is further improved, so that the forming quality of the electroslag ingot is ensured. In addition, the structural design of the limiting ring 61 and the limiting member 62 also provides space for the sufficient contact of the consumable electrode 52 with the argon, so that the argon can rotate and move along the limiting member 62, thereby effectively preventing the oxidation of the consumable electrode 52 and affecting the forming quality. The top end of the limiting ring 61 is fixedly connected with a limiting head 63, the bottom end of the fixing member 42 is provided with a limiting groove, and the fixing member 42 is fixedly sleeved with the limiting head 63 through the limiting groove. By using the limiting head 63, the stability of the limiting ring 61 and the limiting member 62 arranged below the fixing member 42 can be realized.

[0069] In example three, on the basis of example two, as Figures 4-5 The protective cover 31 is a constituent part of the protection mechanism 3, and the protection mechanism 3 further comprises the gas filling pipe 32. The wall surface of the protective cover 31 is fixedly sleeved with the gas filling pipe 32, one end of the gas filling pipe 32 is in communication with the protective circular hole, the other end of the gas filling pipe 32 is in communication with the gas supply mechanism, the number of the gas filling pipe 32 is several, and the several gas filling pipes 32 are uniformly arranged around the protective cover 31. When working, argon can be continuously or intermittently provided through the gas filling pipe 32 according to actual working requirements, so as to isolate external oxygen and avoid the oxidation of the consumable electrode 52, so as to avoid the increase of oxide inclusions in the electroslag ingot and the decline of surface quality. The gas filling pipe 32 is obliquely arranged, so as to provide a pushing condition for the rotation of the pushing and supporting mechanism 7.

[0070] The high-temperature alloy electroslag ingot high-purity smelting electroslag furnace further comprises a supporting mechanism 7, such as Figures 1-5 The bottom end of the fixing member 42 is coaxially provided with the supporting mechanism 7, and the supporting mechanism 7 is sleeved outside the limiting mechanism 6, so as to effectively improve the stability between the fixing mechanism 4 and the limiting mechanism 6. The supporting mechanism 7 comprises an upper ring 71, a lower ring 72, a supporting plate 73 and a supporting head 74, such as Figure 9 , Figures 13-14The top end of the upper ring 71 is attached to the bottom end of the fixing member 42, the inner circle of the lower ring 72 is attached to the outer wall of the limiting member 62, the lower ring 72 is below the upper ring 71, and the diameter of the lower ring 72 is smaller than the diameter of the upper ring 71, so that the supporting mechanism 7 is in contact with the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62 at the same time, so as to provide conditions for the stable support of the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62 by the supporting mechanism 7. The supporting plates 73 are obliquely arranged between the upper ring 71 and the lower ring 72, the number of the supporting plates 73 is several, and the several supporting plates 73 are evenly arranged around the upper ring 71 and the lower ring 72, so that the cross-sectional shape between the fixing member 42, the limiting member 62 and the supporting mechanism 7 is triangular, effectively supporting the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62, and improving the stability between the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62. The supporting plates 73 are obliquely viewed, so that when the argon gas is discharged from the inflation pipe 32, the argon gas can directly face the supporting plates 73 and exert a pushing force on the supporting plates 73, so as to realize the rotation of the supporting mechanism 7, so that the argon gas is uniformly distributed on the surface of the consumable electrode 52 at the same height, so as to fully isolate oxygen. At the same time, when the argon gas moves downward, the argon gas slowly and uniformly moves along the consumable electrode 52 under the action of the rotation of the supporting plate 73 and the trajectory limiting action of the limiting member 62, so that the surface temperature of the consumable electrode 52 changes slowly in a stepwise manner, so as to effectively prevent the limiting member 62 from being bent due to too fast change of temperature, improve the quality of the electroslag ingot forming, and improve the quality of the electroslag ingot forming. The supporting head 74 is fixedly connected to the top end of the upper ring 71, the bottom end of the fixing member 42 is provided with a supporting groove, and the fixing member 42 is movably sleeved with the supporting head 74 through the supporting groove. The supporting head 74 can realize the stability of the upper ring 71, the lower ring 72 and the supporting plate 73 arranged below the fixing member 42.

[0071] In example four, on the basis of example three, the melting process of the high-purity melting electroslag furnace for high-temperature alloy electroslag ingot is as follows: Figures 1-14 , including the following steps:

[0072] S1, when working, the consumable electrode 52 is inserted into the crystallization shell 21, and the lower end of the consumable electrode 52 is melted under the action of current, and the metal droplets form an electroslag ingot after passing through the slag pool. In this process, the consumable electrode 52 continuously descends to the crystallization shell 21, and the generated electroslag ingot is continuously drawn out from below the crystallization shell 21.

[0073] S2, in the process of moving the consumable electrode 52, first, the consumable electrode 52 is limited and fixed by the fixing member 42, and the vibration generated by the consumable electrode 52 is effectively absorbed by the buffer 43, so as to improve the concentricity between the consumable electrode 52 and the crystallization shell 21 and the protective cover 31, prevent the consumable electrode 52 from being eccentric due to vibration, and avoid problems such as segregation, surface defects and other problems affecting the quality of the electroslag ingot forming.

[0074] S3, then, the consumable electrode 52 is subjected to the limiting fixing effect of the limiting mechanism 6, effectively prolonging the limiting fixing length of the consumable electrode 52, further improving the concentricity between the consumable electrode 52 and the crystallization shell 21 and the protective cover 31, thereby ensuring the quality of the electroslab ingot forming.

[0075] S4, because the support mechanism 7 is arranged between the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62, the cross-sectional shape between the fixing member 42, the limiting member 62 and the support mechanism 7 is triangular, so as to stably support the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62 and improve the stability between the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62.

[0076] S5, in the working process, according to the actual demand, the argon gas is filled into the consumable electrode 52 through the inflation pipe 32, so as to protect the consumable electrode 52 by argon gas, effectively block the entry of external oxygen, thereby preventing the oxidation of the consumable electrode 52 from affecting the quality of the electroslab ingot forming.

[0077] S6, when the inflation pipe 32 fills in the argon gas, the argon gas will exert a pushing force on the support mechanism 7 to push the support mechanism 7 to rotate, not only making the argon gas in the surface of the consumable electrode 52 at the same height in a uniform distribution state, but also making the surface temperature of the consumable electrode 52 change slowly in a stepwise manner under the action of the argon gas, thereby effectively preventing the limiting member 62 from bending due to the too fast change of the temperature, thereby improving the quality of the electroslab ingot forming.

[0078] The working principle of the use method of the present application is as follows:

[0079] When the electroslag furnace works, the consumable electrode 52 is inserted into the crystallization shell 21, and the current is passed through the consumable electrode 52, so that the lower end of the consumable electrode 52 is melted under the action of the current, and the metal droplets form an electroslab ingot after passing through the slag pool. With the passage of time, the consumable electrode 52 continuously descends to the crystallization shell 21, and the generated electroslab ingot is continuously drawn out from the lower part of the crystallization shell 21, until the work is completed after the complete utilization of the consumable electrode 52.

[0080] In the process of moving the consumable electrode 52, firstly, the consumable electrode 52 is limited and fixed by the fixing member 42, and the vibration generated by the consumable electrode 52 is effectively absorbed by the buffer member 43, thereby improving the concentricity between the consumable electrode 52 and the crystallization shell 21 and the protective cover 31, preventing the eccentricity of the consumable electrode 52 due to vibration, and avoiding problems such as segregation, surface defects, and the like affecting the quality of the electroslab ingot. After that, the consumable electrode 52 is limited and fixed by the limiting mechanism 6, effectively extending the length of the limiting and fixing of the consumable electrode 52, further improving the concentricity between the consumable electrode 52 and the crystallization shell 21 and the protective cover 31, thereby ensuring the quality of the electroslab ingot. Because the support mechanism 7 is arranged between the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62, the cross-sectional shape between the fixing member 42, the limiting member 62 and the support mechanism 7 is triangular, so as to stably support the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62, and improve the stability between the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62.

[0081] In the working process, according to actual needs, argon is filled into the direction of the consumable electrode 52 by the inflation tube 32, so as to protect the consumable electrode 52 by argon, effectively block the entry of external oxygen, thereby preventing the oxidation of the consumable electrode 52 from affecting the quality of the electroslab ingot. When the inflation tube 32 fills argon, the argon will exert a pushing force on the support mechanism 7 to rotate the support mechanism 7, not only making the argon in a uniform distribution state on the surface of the consumable electrode 52 at the same height, but also making the surface temperature of the consumable electrode 52 change slowly in a stepwise manner under the action of the argon, thereby effectively preventing the limiting member 62 from bending due to too fast temperature change, thereby improving the quality of the electroslab ingot.

[0082] The above description of disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to carry out or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots, characterized in that, include: Crystallized shell (21) and protective cover (31), wherein the top end of the crystallized shell (21) is tightly fitted to the bottom end of the protective cover (31); The fixing mechanism (4) includes a fixing seat (41), a fixing member (42) and a buffer member (43). The top end of the protective cover (31) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixing seat (41), and the top end of the fixing seat (41) is fixedly connected to the fixing member (42) by bolts. A buffer member (43) is provided between the outer ring of the fixing member (42) and the inner ring of the fixing seat (41), and the buffer member (43) is fixedly connected to the fixing member (42). The buffer member (43) is in contact with the fixing seat (41). The electrode rod (5), the crystal shell (21), the protective cover (31) and the fixing member (42) are coaxially arranged, and the electrode rod (5) is movably sleeved in the middle of the fixing member (42). The electrode rod (5) includes a consumable electrode (52). The limiting mechanism (6) is coaxially provided at the bottom end of the fixing member (42), and the limiting mechanism (6) is sleeved on the outside of the electrode rod (5); The support mechanism (7) is coaxially provided at the bottom end of the fixing member (42), and the support mechanism (7) is sleeved on the outside of the limiting mechanism (6); The limiting mechanism (6) includes: The number of the two limiting rings (61) is two, and the inner rings of the two limiting rings (61) are movably sleeved with the outer wall of the consumable electrode (52). A limiting member (62) is fixedly provided between the two limiting rings (61). The limiting member (62) is spiral in shape and is movably wrapped around the outer wall of the self-consuming electrode (52). There are two limiting members (62), and the two limiting members (62) are evenly arranged around the self-consuming electrode (52). The limiting head (63) is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting ring (61) above it. The bottom end of the fixing member (42) is provided with a limiting groove, and the fixing member (42) is fixedly sleeved with the limiting head (63) through the limiting groove. The support mechanism (7) includes: The top end of the upper ring (71) is attached to the bottom end of the fixing member (42); The lower ring (72) has its inner ring fitted with the outer wall of the limiting member (62). The lower ring (72) is located below the upper ring (71), and the diameter of the lower ring (72) is smaller than that of the upper ring (71). Support plate (73), a support plate (73) is obliquely arranged between the upper ring (71) and the lower ring (72), the number of the support plates (73) is several, and the several support plates (73) are evenly arranged around the upper ring (71) and the lower ring (72), and the support plates (73) are obliquely arranged when viewed from above; The support head (74) is fixedly connected to the top of the upper ring (71), and the bottom end of the fixing member (42) is provided with a support groove, and the fixing member (42) is movably connected to the support head (74) through the support groove; The protective cover (31) is a component of the protection mechanism (3), and the protection mechanism (3) also includes: An inflation tube (32) is provided. A protective circular hole is provided at the top center of the protective cover (31), and the self-consuming electrode (52) passes through the protective circular hole of the protective cover (31). The protective circular hole is a frustum shape that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The diameter of the protective circular hole is larger than the diameter of the self-consuming electrode (52). An inflation tube (32) is fixedly sleeved inside the wall of the protective cover (31), and one end of the inflation tube (32) is connected to the protective circular hole. There are several inflation tubes (32), and several inflation tubes (32) are evenly arranged around the protective cover (31). The inflation tubes (32) are arranged obliquely when viewed from above. The electrode rod (5) is fixed by the fixing component (42), and the vibration generated by the electrode rod (5) is absorbed by the buffer component (43), thereby improving the concentricity between the self-consuming electrode (52), the crystal shell (21), and the protective cover (31).

2. The electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the outer wall of the crystal shell (21) is fixedly fitted with a connector (8), and the bottom of the outer wall of the protective cover (31) is fixedly fitted with a connector (8). The connector (8) on the crystal shell (21) and the connector (8) on the protective cover (31) fit together, and the two connectors (8) are fixedly connected by bolts.

3. The electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrode rod (5) also includes: The threaded part (51) has a T-shaped cross section. The bottom end of the threaded part (51) is provided with an internal thread groove, and the top end of the consumable electrode (52) is provided with an external thread. The threaded part (51) and the consumable electrode (52) are threaded together. The dummy electrode (53) has an external thread at the top of the threaded part (51) and an internal thread groove at the bottom. The threaded part (51) and the dummy electrode (53) are threaded together.

4. The electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots according to claim 3, characterized in that, The crystallization shell (21) is a component of the crystallization mechanism (2), and the crystallization mechanism (2) further includes: Cooling water pipe (22), a cooling cavity is provided inside the wall of the crystal shell (21), and a cooling water pipe (22) is fixedly sleeved at the bottom end and top end of the side wall of the crystal shell (21), and one end of the cooling water pipe (22) is fixedly connected to the cooling cavity.

5. The electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fixing member (42) has a fixing hole in the middle, and the self-consuming electrode (52) passes through the fixing hole of the fixing member (42). The diameter of the fixing hole is adapted to the diameter of the self-consuming electrode (52).

6. The smelting process of the electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots according to claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. When working, the consumable electrode (52) is inserted into the crystal shell (21), and the lower end of the consumable electrode (52) is melted by the current. The molten metal droplets pass through the slag pool to form an electroslag ingot. During this process, the consumable electrode (52) continues to descend to the crystal shell (21), and the generated electroslag ingot is continuously extracted from below the crystal shell (21). S2. During the movement of the consumable electrode (52), firstly, the consumable electrode (52) is limited and fixed by the fixing member (42), and the vibration generated by the consumable electrode (52) is absorbed by the buffer member (43). S3. After that, the consumable electrode (52) is limited and fixed by the limiting mechanism (6), which extends the limiting and fixed length of the consumable electrode (52). S4. Because a support mechanism (7) is provided between the fixing member (42) and the limiting member (62), the cross-sectional shape between the fixing member (42), the limiting member (62) and the support mechanism (7) is triangular, so as to stably support the fixing member (42) and the limiting member (62). S5. During operation, argon gas is introduced into the consumable electrode (52) through the gas filling tube (32) so that the consumable electrode (52) is protected by argon gas. S6. When argon is filled into the filling tube (32), the argon will exert a thrust on the support mechanism (7) to drive the support mechanism (7) to rotate.

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