Asphalt concrete panel and wave wall water stop structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and discloses an asphalt concrete panel and wave wall water stop structure. The asphalt concrete panel and wave wall water stop structure comprises an asphalt concrete panel, a wave wall, a water stop piece and a water stop impermeable layer. The asphalt concrete panel is arranged on the upstream surface of the dam body; the wave wall is arranged on the top surface of the dam body; the water stop piece is arranged in the wave wall; and the joint of the asphalt concrete panel and the wave wall is filled with the water stop impermeable layer which is made of a flexible impermeable material. Vertical seepage prevention is achieved through the water stop piece arranged in the wave wall, the water stop seepage-proofing layer is made of the flexible seepage-proofing material, the water stop seepage-proofing layer is arranged at the joint of the asphalt concrete face and the wave wall, the joint can be well sealed, joint cracking caused by temperature change, sedimentation or water pressure is avoided, and the seepage-proofing and water stop effects are good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and in particular to an asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stopping structure. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic asphalt concrete has excellent anti-seepage properties and the ability to adapt to foundation deformation, making it widely used in various water conservancy and hydropower anti-seepage projects. Existing projects have demonstrated that hydraulic asphalt concrete panels can achieve watertight anti-seepage protection. However, the connection between the asphalt concrete panels and the concrete structure is a crucial component to ensure the effectiveness of the anti-seepage system, and its success is crucial to the sealing and integrity of the entire anti-seepage system. In pumped-storage power stations, connections between asphalt concrete panels and wave walls, inlet and outlet corridors, reservoir floor corridors, and slope concrete panels all present anti-seepage issues. While most concrete structures are located on bedrock and rarely experience subsidence and deformation, adjacent landfill structures generally experience significant deformation. The structural form of asphalt concrete panel joints is primarily related to the applied water pressure and the three-dimensional displacement of the panel joints. Therefore, the weakest point in the anti-seepage protection of asphalt concrete panels is the joint.

[0003] Traditional waterstopping methods, such as copper sheets, rubber waterstops, and asphalt hemp yarn combinations, are commonly used to seal the gap between reinforced concrete panels and wavebreaks. However, unlike reinforced concrete panels, which are rigid, asphalt concrete panels are flexible. Therefore, the joints between asphalt concrete panels and rigid wavebreaks are susceptible to cracking due to temperature fluctuations, settlement, or water pressure. This significantly reduces the anti-seepage and water-stopping effectiveness of the joints and may even cause leakage. Especially in the hot summer months, achieving a watertight seal between asphalt concrete panels is relatively difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stopping structure to solve the problem that the joints between the asphalt concrete panel and the rigid wave-breaking wall are easily cracked due to temperature changes, settlement or water pressure, and the anti-seepage and water-stopping effect of the connection is greatly weakened, and even leakage may be caused.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stop structure, comprising:

[0006] an asphalt concrete panel, wherein the asphalt concrete panel is arranged on the upstream surface of the dam body;

[0007] A wave-breaking wall, which is arranged on the top surface of the dam body;

[0008] a water stop member, the water stop member being arranged in the wave-breaking wall;

[0009] A water-stopping and anti-seepage layer is filled in the joint between the asphalt concrete panel and the wave-breaking wall, and is made of flexible anti-seepage material.

[0010] Beneficial effects

[0011] The waterstop is set in the wave-breaking wall to achieve vertical anti-seepage, and the waterstop and anti-seepage layer uses flexible anti-seepage materials. It is set at the joints of the asphalt concrete panel and the wave-breaking wall, which can seal the gaps well and will not cause the joints to crack due to temperature changes, settlement or water pressure. The anti-seepage and water-stopping effect is better.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the flexible anti-seepage material is fine-grained concrete.

[0013] Beneficial effects

[0014] Taking advantage of the strong fluidity of fine-grained concrete, it can better fill the joints and achieve better anti-seepage and water-stopping effects.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, a waterproofing agent is added to the fine-grained concrete.

[0016] Beneficial effects

[0017] After adding waterproofing agent to fine-grained concrete, the anti-seepage performance of the water-stopping and anti-seepage layer is further improved, and the anti-seepage performance of the entire water-stopping structure is also further improved.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the water stop member includes: a vertical water retaining portion and a horizontal water retaining portion, and the horizontal water retaining portion is arranged at the bottom end of the vertical water retaining portion and is located on a side of the horizontal water retaining portion close to the asphalt concrete panel.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the water-stopping member is a water-stopping copper sheet.

[0020] Beneficial effects

[0021] Through the excellent ductility, corrosion resistance and physical sealing properties of the water-stop copper sheet, a continuous metal barrier is formed at the wall joints or expansion joints, which can not only effectively block the water infiltration path, adapt to structural deformation, and prevent leakage due to cracks or displacement, but also rely on the high chemical corrosion resistance and aging resistance of copper materials to maintain a stable sealing effect for a long time under complex working conditions, thereby ensuring the overall safety and durability of the wave-breaking wall and the structure behind it.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the asphalt concrete panel includes: an asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer and an asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer, the asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer is arranged on the upstream surface of the dam body, the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer is arranged on the asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer, and the water-stopping and anti-seepage layer is filled between the top of the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer, the top of the asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer and the bottom of the wave-breaking wall.

[0023] Beneficial effects

[0024] The anti-seepage surface layer forms a low-permeability barrier through a dense asphalt mixture, effectively blocking water penetration. At the same time, it has good flexibility and crack resistance, and can adapt to foundation deformation without cracking; the leveling bonding layer provides a flat and solid base layer, enhances the bonding stability of the surface layer, and optimizes the structural strength through graded asphalt aggregate, and has both anti-scouring and aging resistance. The two work together to achieve the comprehensive advantages of anti-seepage, durability, adaptability to deformation and convenient construction.

[0025] In an optional embodiment, the asphalt concrete panel further includes an asphalt concrete thickening layer, and the asphalt concrete thickening layer is arranged between the top of the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer and the water-stopping and anti-seepage layer.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, a polyester mesh is further provided between the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer and the asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer.

[0027] Beneficial effects

[0028] The interlayer bonding stability is enhanced by using a high-strength, highly weather-resistant polyester fiber grid, and the tensile properties of the grid are used to effectively disperse stress, inhibit interlayer sliding and delamination, and at the same time improve the overall deformation resistance of the structure, prevent surface cracking due to temperature changes or foundation settlement, and enhance the impact resistance and fatigue resistance of the composite system, ultimately forming a synergistic protection mechanism of "flexible support and rigid waterproofing", which significantly improves the durability and waterproof reliability of the asphalt concrete panel.

[0029] In an optional embodiment, the asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stopping structure further includes an asphalt mastic layer provided at the joint between the asphalt concrete panel and the wave-breaking wall.

[0030] Beneficial effects

[0031] The asphalt mastic layer has excellent adhesion, flexibility and waterproof properties. It fills the gap between the asphalt concrete panel and the wave-breaking wall, forming an elastic sealing transition layer. It can not only adapt to the relative displacement between the two due to temperature changes or settlement differences, preventing cracking of the joints and leakage, but also block the water infiltration path through its hydrophobic properties, while enhancing the anti-scouring and aging resistance of the joints, thereby ensuring the continuity and reliability of the anti-seepage system.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, the asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stopping structure further includes a padding layer, the padding layer is arranged on the upstream surface of the dam body and the top surface of the dam body, and the asphalt concrete panel and the wave-breaking wall are arranged on the padding layer.

[0033] Beneficial effects

[0034] The flat and dense cushioning layer can provide a uniform and stable supporting base for the superstructure, eliminate the impact of local defects on the dam surface on the anti-seepage system, and at the same time use its good adaptability to deformation to buffer the dam settlement or temperature stress, avoid stress concentration leading to panel cracking, and prevent alkaline substances in the dam concrete from corroding the asphalt concrete panel through isolation, thereby ensuring the overall anti-seepage performance and long-term durability of the asphalt concrete panel and the wave-breaking wall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stopping structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Description of reference numerals:

[0038] 1. Asphalt concrete panel;

[0039] 11. Asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer;

[0040] 12. Asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer;

[0041] 13. Asphalt concrete thickening layer;

[0042] 14. Polyester mesh;

[0043] 2. Wave-breaking wall;

[0044] 3. Water-stopping and anti-seepage layer;

[0045] 4. Water stop parts;

[0046] 5. Asphalt mastic layer;

[0047] 6. Bedding layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0051] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0052] The following combination Figure 1 , describing embodiments of the present invention.

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in one aspect, a water-stopping structure comprising an asphalt concrete panel 1 and a wave-breaking wall 2 is provided, characterized in that it comprises: an asphalt concrete panel 1, a wave-breaking wall 2, a waterstop 4, and a water-stopping and anti-seepage layer 3. The asphalt concrete panel 1 is disposed on the upstream surface of the dam body; the wave-breaking wall 2 is disposed on the top surface of the dam body; the waterstop 4 is disposed within the wave-breaking wall 2; and the water-stopping and anti-seepage layer 3, which is made of a flexible anti-seepage material and fills the joint between the asphalt concrete panel 1 and the wave-breaking wall 2, is provided.

[0054] Specifically, the asphalt concrete panel 1 adopts hydraulic asphalt concrete, which uses asphalt as a binder, mixed with aggregates such as mineral powder, sand, and stone chips, heated and mixed, and then spread and rolled to form. It has excellent anti-seepage performance, and the permeability coefficient can be as low as 10 - 7Its speed is less than cm / s, and its flexible characteristics have strong adaptability to deformation, allowing it to slightly deform with dam settlement or temperature changes without cracking. It also has outstanding durability and convenient construction characteristics, making it extremely suitable for use in dam anti-seepage.

[0055] The main function of the wave-breaking wall 2 is to prevent waves from crossing over the dam top and protect the land and buildings behind the dam from wave erosion. It is generally a straight wall structure made of reinforced concrete and has high strength and durability.

[0056] The waterstop 4 and water-stopping and anti-seepage layer 3 are primarily used to prevent seepage at the joints between the asphalt concrete panel 1 and the wave-breaking wall 2. Specifically, the waterstop 4 is installed within the wave-breaking wall 2. During construction, it can be pre-embedded within the casting formwork during the wave-breaking wall 2's casting and then embedded within the wall 2 after it has been cast. The waterstop 4 blocks the water flow path, ensuring that the wave-breaking wall 2 reliably and stably blocks water infiltration throughout its lifecycle.

[0057] The waterproofing layer 3 is made of a flexible, seepage-proofing material. Even if the gap between the asphalt concrete panel 1 and the wave-breaking wall 2 changes due to deformation, the gap can still be filled, ensuring waterproofing. The synergistic effect of the waterstop 4 and the waterproofing layer 3 ensures that the entire waterstop structure has excellent waterproofing performance.

[0058] In one embodiment, the flexible anti-seepage material is fine-grained concrete.

[0059] Fine-grained concrete is primarily composed of fine aggregate (such as fine sand) with a particle size not exceeding 15 mm and a binder (such as cement). Industrial waste residues such as fly ash and slag powder may be added as admixtures. Aggregate particle size typically ranges from 0.15 to 5.00 mm, with fine aggregate accounting for up to 70% to 80%. This ratio imparts high density, strength, and durability. Furthermore, the concrete has low internal porosity, good density, and a low permeability coefficient, effectively blocking water infiltration paths.

[0060] By utilizing the high fluidity of fine-grained concrete, the joints between the asphalt concrete panel 1 and the wave-breaking wall 2 can be well filled, achieving a better anti-seepage and water-stopping effect.

[0061] In one embodiment, a water-repellent agent is added to the fine-grained concrete.

[0062] The waterproofing agent can be an inorganic waterproofing agent such as chloride, siliceous powder, or an organic waterproofing agent such as water reducer, silicone, fatty acid salt, or an organic and inorganic composite waterproofing agent.

[0063] Adding waterproofing agents to fine-grained concrete can significantly improve its anti-seepage performance. It blocks water penetration through mechanisms such as film formation, pore refinement or crystallization blocking, and has crack resistance, corrosion resistance and self-repairing capabilities.

[0064] In one embodiment, the water stop 4 includes a vertical water stop portion and a horizontal water stop portion. The horizontal water stop portion is provided at the bottom end of the vertical water stop portion and is located on a side of the horizontal water stop portion close to the asphalt concrete panel 1 .

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, the cross-section of the water stop 4 is "L"-shaped, the vertical water retaining part is parallel to the wave-breaking wall 2 and embedded in the middle of the wall, the horizontal water retaining part is located at the bottom end of the vertical water retaining part, and the horizontal water retaining part extends from the vertical water retaining part to one side of the asphalt concrete panel 1.

[0066] The "L"-shaped water stop 4 can simultaneously close the horizontal and vertical paths in the wave-breaking wall 2, forming a double anti-seepage barrier, effectively blocking multiple infiltration paths, and having a good anti-seepage effect.

[0067] In one embodiment, the water stop member 4 is a water stop copper sheet.

[0068] In this embodiment, the water stop member 4 is preferably a copper water stop copper sheet. The water stop copper sheet can fit tightly with the concrete wall without leakage due to its high ductility. Secondly, copper has strong corrosion resistance and can resist erosion by water and chemical substances for a long time.

[0069] In one embodiment, the asphalt concrete panel 1 includes: an asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer 11 and an asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer 12, the asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer 12 is arranged on the upstream surface of the dam body, the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer 11 is arranged on the asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer 12, and the water-stopping and anti-seepage layer 3 is filled between the top of the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer 11, the top of the asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer 12 and the bottom of the wave-breaking wall 2.

[0070] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the upper ends of the cross-sections of the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer 11 and the asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer 12 are forked, approximately in a Y shape, and the water-stopping and anti-seepage layer 3 is filled here, connected to the top of the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer 11, the top of the asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer 12 and the bottom of the wave-breaking wall 2 to achieve anti-seepage.

[0071] The asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer 11 forms a low-permeability barrier with a dense asphalt mixture, effectively preventing water infiltration. The asphalt concrete leveling binder layer 12 provides a smooth and solid base layer, enhancing the bonding stability of the surface layer. The graded asphalt aggregate optimizes structural strength, providing both erosion resistance and aging resistance.

[0072] In one embodiment, the asphalt concrete panel 1 further includes an asphalt concrete thickening layer 13 , which is disposed between the top of the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer 11 and the water-stopping and anti-seepage layer 3 .

[0073] An asphalt concrete thickening layer 13 is added between the top of the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer 11 and the water-stopping and anti-seepage layer 3 to further improve the anti-seepage performance.

[0074] In one embodiment, a polyester mesh 14 is further provided between the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer 11 and the asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer 12 .

[0075] The polyester mesh 14 is a mesh material made of polyester fiber (polyester) as a base material. It has high strength and high weather resistance. It can enhance the bonding stability between the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer 11 and the asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer 12. It uses the tensile properties of the mesh to effectively disperse stress, inhibit interlayer sliding and delamination, and at the same time improve the overall deformation resistance of the structure, prevent surface cracking due to temperature changes or foundation settlement, and enhance the impact resistance and fatigue resistance of the composite system, ultimately forming a "flexible support + rigid anti-seepage" synergistic protection mechanism, significantly improving the durability and waterproof reliability of the asphalt concrete panel 1.

[0076] In one embodiment, the water-stop structure further includes an asphalt mastic layer 5 provided at the joint between the asphalt concrete panel 1 and the wave-breaking wall 2 .

[0077] The mastic asphalt layer 5 is a discontinuously graded mixture composed of asphalt, fiber stabilizer, mineral powder, and coarse and fine aggregates. It exhibits excellent adhesion, flexibility, and water resistance. Filling the gap between the asphalt concrete panel 1 and the wave-breaking wall 2, it forms an elastic, sealed transition layer that adapts to relative displacement caused by temperature fluctuations or differential settlement, preventing cracking and leakage. Its hydrophobic properties also block water infiltration pathways, enhancing the joint's resistance to scour and aging, thereby ensuring the continuity and reliability of the anti-seepage system.

[0078] In one embodiment, the water-stop structure further includes a padding layer 6 , which is disposed on the upstream surface and the top surface of the dam body, and the asphalt concrete panel 1 and the wave-breaking wall 2 are disposed on the padding layer 6 .

[0079] The padding layer 6 can provide a flat and stable supporting base for the asphalt concrete panel 1 and wave-breaking wall 2 arranged above, and at the same time play a buffering role in waterproofing, moisture-proofing and adapting to structural deformation, ensuring that the asphalt concrete panel 1 and the wave-breaking wall 2 fit tightly.

[0080] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stop structure, characterized in that: include: An asphalt concrete panel (1), the asphalt concrete panel (1) being arranged on the upstream surface of the dam body; A wave-breaking wall (2), wherein the wave-breaking wall (2) is arranged on the top surface of the dam body; A water stop (4), the water stop (4) being arranged in the wave-breaking wall (2); A water-stopping and anti-seepage layer (3) is filled in the joint between the asphalt concrete panel (1) and the wave-breaking wall (2), and is made of a flexible anti-seepage material.

2. The asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stopping structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flexible anti-seepage material is fine-grained concrete.

3. The asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stopping structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A waterproofing agent is added to the fine-grained concrete.

4. The asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stopping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water stop (4) comprises a vertical water retaining portion and a horizontal water retaining portion, wherein the horizontal water retaining portion is arranged at the bottom end of the vertical water retaining portion and is located on a side of the horizontal water retaining portion close to the asphalt concrete panel (1).

5. The asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stopping structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water-stopping member (4) is a water-stopping copper sheet.

6. The asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stopping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The asphalt concrete panel (1) comprises: an asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer (11) and an asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer (12); the asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer (12) is arranged on the upstream surface of the dam body; the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer (11) is arranged on the asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer (12); and the water-stopping and anti-seepage layer (3) is filled between the top of the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer (11), the top of the asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer (12) and the bottom of the wave-breaking wall (2).

7. The asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stopping structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The asphalt concrete panel (1) further comprises an asphalt concrete thickening layer (13), wherein the asphalt concrete thickening layer (13) is arranged between the top of the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer (11) and the water-stopping and anti-seepage layer (3).

8. The asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stopping structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A polyester mesh (14) is further provided between the asphalt concrete anti-seepage surface layer (11) and the asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer (12).

9. The asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stopping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an asphalt mastic layer (5) provided at the joint between the asphalt concrete panel (1) and the wave-breaking wall (2).

10. The asphalt concrete panel and wave-breaking wall water-stopping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It also includes a padding layer (6), which is arranged on the upstream surface of the dam body and the top surface of the dam body, and the asphalt concrete panel (1) and the wave-breaking wall (2) are arranged on the padding layer (6).

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