Water conservancy and hydropower engineering drilling water pressing test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a water conservancy and hydropower engineering drilling water pressing test method. A water pressing device, a sensor module, a data acquisition and processing module and a video monitoring module are included. The water pressing equipment isolates the test section through a water stop plug and performs water pressing operation; the sensor module monitors water level, flow and pressure changes in the test process; the data acquisition and processing module automatically records test data and generates a report; the video monitoring module records videos in the whole process and stores the videos in the data receiving processor. The test efficiency, accuracy and traceability can be remarkably improved, and the problems that in the prior art, the automation level is low, the water stop effect is difficult to judge, and data tracing is difficult are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and in particular to a water conservancy and hydropower engineering borehole water pressure test method. Background Art

[0002] Borehole water pressure testing in water conservancy and hydropower projects is an important method for determining rock permeability. Its purpose is to provide fundamental data for evaluating rock permeability and designing seepage control measures, significantly impacting project progress, safety, and investment. Currently, two common water pressure testing methods are the single-plug and double-plug tests. The single-plug test involves installing a pipe at the bottom of the drill pipe and a waterstop plug above it. The drill rig then applies pressure to expand the plug, achieving a waterstop. However, this method requires frequent drill-in and drill-out operations, resulting in low efficiency, time-consuming, and costly drilling, especially in deep boreholes. The double-plug test, on the other hand, involves installing a lower waterstop plug, a pipe, and an upper waterstop plug at the bottom of the drill pipe, sequentially from bottom to top. The double-plug pressure test then uses the hydraulic plugs to pressurize the upper and lower plugs, achieving waterstop. This avoids the need for frequent drill-in and drill-out operations, but its drawback is that it cannot effectively determine the waterstopping effectiveness of the lower plug, making the reliability of the test results difficult to guarantee. Furthermore, for both single-plug and double-plug water pressure tests, pressure gauges and flow meters are typically placed near the orifice. Data collection relies on manual reading and recording, resulting in a low degree of automation, prone to errors due to human factors, and the test process is not traceable. Furthermore, when the flow meter is placed near the orifice, water leakage at the drill pipe interface can adversely affect the test results, further reducing data accuracy.

[0003] Existing technologies also have other shortcomings. For example, the internal compilation of test results is labor-intensive and inefficient, and manual calculations are prone to errors and time-consuming. When multiple drilling rigs are operating simultaneously, it is difficult for managers to conduct real-time on-site supervision of all water pressure tests, making on-site management and control difficult. Furthermore, the industry has yet to develop a technical solution that can systematically collect data on water level changes within the borehole, water plug pressure, plug sealing effect, test section pressure and flow, and on-site work videos. There is also a lack of a comprehensive management system for displaying test process curves, automatically identifying calculation results, and archiving results. These shortcomings limit the improvement of water pressure test quality and efficiency optimization, while also increasing the risks of anti-seepage engineering design.

[0004] Therefore, to address these issues, a method and system for borehole water pressure testing in water conservancy and hydropower projects is urgently needed that can improve water pressure testing efficiency, ensure reliable water-stopping effects, automate data collection and analysis, and provide full process traceability. This will help address the challenges of traditional water pressure testing, such as difficult process control, high data traceability, low automation, and cumbersome test results compilation. This will significantly improve the overall quality and efficiency of water pressure testing, providing strong guarantees for the safety and economic viability of water conservancy and hydropower projects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the invention is to provide a method for drilling water pressure testing in water conservancy and hydropower engineering, which solves the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: a method for water pressure testing of a borehole in a water conservancy and hydropower project, comprising water pressure equipment, a sensor module, a data acquisition and processing module, and a video monitoring module. The water pressure equipment comprises a first water stopper, a second water stopper, a third water stopper, a flower pipe, a solid drill pipe, etc., and is used to isolate the test section and perform water pressure operations.

[0007] The sensor module includes an electronic water level gauge, a flow sensor, and a pressure sensor, which are used to monitor the changes in groundwater level, flow in the test section, and embolism pressure and test section pressure during the test;

[0008] The data acquisition and processing module includes a data receiving processor and a computer, which is used to receive sensor data and automatically record and calculate test parameters, and generate a test results report;

[0009] The video monitoring module includes a camera for recording the entire process and storing the video in a data receiving processor to facilitate the tracing of the test process.

[0010] Furthermore, the workflow of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0011] S1: Preparation: After drilling is completed, remove the drill bit and lower the water pressure equipment to the bottom of the borehole; place the electronic water level gauge, record the initial groundwater level and determine the pressure recording zero line;

[0012] S2: Pressurizing the water stopper: Use a hydraulic pressure device to pressurize and expand the first, second, and third water stoppers to make them tightly bonded to the hole wall; monitor the pressure changes of the water stoppers in real time and record them in the data receiving processor;

[0013] S3: Water pressure test: Start the water pump to send pressurized water into the test section; adjust the water valve to make the water pressure in the pipeline meet the test requirements; the flow sensor and pressure sensor monitor the flow and pressure of the test section in real time and transmit the data to the data receiving processor;

[0014] S4: Water-stopping effect determination: The water-stopping effect of the first water-stop is determined by the water level change recorded by the electronic water level gauge; the water-stopping effect of the second water-stop is determined by the flow sensor and pressure sensor at its bottom;

[0015] S5: End of test and adjustment: If the test fails, fine-tune the test section position and retest; if the test succeeds, release the pressure and lift the water pressure equipment to the next test section, repeating the above steps until all test sections are completed;

[0016] S6: Data archiving: The camera records the entire test process and automatically divides the video into sections according to the test time and stores it in the data receiving processor.

[0017] In particular, the key innovations of the present invention are:

[0018] The automated data collection: automatically records water level, pressure, flow and other data through the sensor module, reducing human intervention;

[0019] The comprehensive judgment of the water-stopping effect: the water-stopping effect of the water-stopping plug is comprehensively judged based on the changes in water level, pressure and flow;

[0020] The on-site monitoring and data archiving: the entire process is recorded by a camera, and the data and video are stored in a data receiving processor to ensure that the test process is traceable.

[0021] Furthermore, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented in the following manner:

[0022] The electronic water level gauge is set in the borehole, with the bottom elevation lower than the groundwater level. The data receiving processor records the water level elevation value every five minutes and automatically calculates the water level change value every five minutes; when the water level drops less than five centimeters per minute for two consecutive times, the computer prompts the end of the water level observation and records the water level as the pressure recording zero line;

[0023] The water-stopping effect of the first waterstop is determined by using the water level change recorded by the electronic water level gauge. When the water level recorded by the electronic water level gauge does not change during the water pressure test, it is determined that the first waterstop has successfully stopped water; when the water level rises, it is determined that the first waterstop has failed to stop water.

[0024] The water-stopping effect of the second water-stop is judged by the flow sensor and pressure sensor at its lower part. When the groundwater level is lower than the test section, if the flow rate recorded by the flow sensor increases during the test, the test fails. When the groundwater level is higher than the test section, if the flow rate recorded by the pressure sensor increases during the test, the test fails.

[0025] The camera records the entire process and automatically divides the video into sections according to the test time and stores it in a data receiving processor. The video and test data are displayed synchronously on the computer.

[0026] Furthermore, the present invention achieves high efficiency and reliability in the test process through the following technical means: the water pressure equipment uses a hydraulic pressure device to pressurize and expand the first water stopper, the second water stopper, and the third water stopper, so that they are tightly bonded to the hole wall, avoiding the frequent drilling and drilling operations required in traditional methods; the sensor module places a flow sensor and a pressure sensor near the test section to prevent drill pipe leakage from affecting the test results;

[0027] The data acquisition and processing module records the test data in real time through the data receiving processor and automatically generates a test result report, reducing the workload of manual sorting;

[0028] The video monitoring module records the entire process through a camera to ensure that the test process is traceable.

[0029] In particular, the present invention further enhances the ability to discern test quality through the following technical solutions:

[0030] The water level changes recorded by the electronic water level gauge are used to determine the water-stopping effect of the first water stopper, ensuring that the water-stopping state above the test section is reliable;

[0031] The water-stopping effect of the second water-stop is comprehensively judged by the flow sensor and pressure sensor at its lower part, ensuring the reliable water-stopping state below the test section;

[0032] The test data and video data are synchronously stored in the data receiving processor to facilitate later analysis and tracing.

[0033] Furthermore, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] No need to frequently raise and lower the drill, saving working time and improving test efficiency;

[0035] Automatically record and calculate test data through sensors, reducing manual intervention and lowering error rates;

[0036] Comprehensively judge the water-stopping effect of the water-stop plug to avoid test errors caused by water-stopping failure;

[0037] Monitor test parameters in real time and generate graphs and video data to facilitate later tracing and analysis;

[0038] Automatically generate test results reports to reduce manual sorting workload.

[0039] In particular, to achieve the same technical effect, the present invention may also adopt the following alternatives: the data transmission method may adopt wireless transmission instead of wired signal cables to reduce wiring complexity; the sensor type may adopt ultrasonic sensors instead of electronic water level gauges to improve measurement accuracy;

[0040] The data processing method can introduce cloud computing or edge computing technology to perform real-time processing and analysis of test data to further improve efficiency.

[0041] In summary, the present invention significantly improves the efficiency, accuracy and traceability of borehole water pressure tests in water conservancy and hydropower projects through automated data collection, comprehensive judgment of water-stopping effects, real-time monitoring of the test process and systematic data archiving, and has important promotion and application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of water level observation before water pressure test of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the water pressure test process of the present invention (the test section is located above the groundwater level);

[0044] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the water pressure test process of the present invention (the test section is located below the groundwater level);

[0045] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the computer display automatic recording page of the present invention.

[0046] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. Water tank; 2. Water inlet pipe; 3. Return pipe; 4. Water pump; 5. Water valve; 6. Tee; 7. Hydraulic pressure gauge; 8. Water pressure pipe; 9. Pressure gauge; 10. Pressure sensor; 11. Flow meter; 12. Pressure gauge; 13. Water inlet pipe; 14. Signal cable; 15. Data receiving processor; 16. Computer; 17. Camera; 18. Drill rod; 19. Electronic water level gauge; 20. First water stop plug; 21. Flow sensor; 22. Pressure sensor; 23. Flower pipe; 24. Second water stop plug; 25. Solid drill rod; 26. Pressure sensor; 27. Flower pipe; 28. Third water stop plug; 29. ​​Flow sensor; 30. Groundwater level. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention relates to a method for water pressure testing of boreholes in water conservancy and hydropower projects. This method is described in detail with reference to the specific figures in the accompanying description of the drawings and the Arabic numerals used to designate the components. The following fully explains the specific implementation of the invention, including the device structure, operational relationships, workflow, and operating principles, and provides a detailed technical implementation scheme based on practical application scenarios.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the core of the present invention is to provide a complete set of automated water pressure test system, which is mainly composed of water pressure equipment, sensor module, data acquisition and processing module and video monitoring module. The water pressure equipment includes components such as the first water stop 20, the second water stop 24, the third water stop 28, the flower tube 23 and the solid drill rod 25, which are used to isolate the test section and perform water pressure operation. The sensor module is composed of an electronic water level gauge 19, flow sensors 21 and 29, and pressure sensors 10, 22 and 26, which respectively monitor the changes in groundwater level, test section flow, plug pressure and test section pressure during the test. The data acquisition and processing module includes a data receiving processor 15 and a computer 16, which are responsible for receiving sensor data and automatically recording and calculating test parameters, and generating a test results report. The video monitoring module records the entire process through a camera 17 and stores the video in the data receiving processor 15 to ensure that the test process is traceable.

[0049] During the specific implementation process, the drilling preparation work must be completed first. S1: After the drilling is completed, the drill bit is raised and the water pressure equipment is lowered to the bottom of the borehole. Subsequently, an electronic water level gauge 19 is placed in the borehole, and its bottom elevation should be lower than the groundwater level 30 to ensure that the initial water level can be accurately monitored. At this time, the data receiving processor 15 starts to record the water level elevation, records the value every five minutes, and automatically calculates the water level change value every five minutes. When the water level drop rate is less than five centimeters per minute for two consecutive times, the computer 16 prompts that the water level observation is over and records the water level as the pressure recording zero line. This process not only realizes automated water level monitoring, but also provides reliable benchmark data for subsequent tests. At the same time, the water level observation results will be displayed as a curve in the computer 16 for real-time viewing and analysis.

[0050] S2: After completing the water level observation, raise the electronic water level gauge 19 upwards so that its bottom is slightly higher than the position of the first water stop 20. During the subsequent test process, the electronic water level gauge 19 continues to record the water level changes and displays them as a curve on the computer 16. Next, start the hydraulic press 7 to pressurize and expand the first water stop 20, the second water stop 24 and the third water stop 28 so that they are tightly combined with the borehole wall to achieve a water-stopping effect. The pressure gauge 9 displays the pressure changes of the water stop, and the pressure sensor 10 transmits the water pressure value to the data receiving processor 15 through the signal cable 14. During the subsequent test process, the pressure value is continuously recorded and displayed as a curve on the computer 16. The key to this step is to accurately control the expansion degree of the water stop through the hydraulic press 7, so as to ensure that it is tightly combined with the hole wall and avoid test errors caused by water-stopping failure.

[0051] S3: After the water stopping is completed, turn on the water pump 4 to send pressurized water into the test section. The direction of the water flow in the pipeline passes through the water tank 1, the water inlet pipe 2, the water pump 4, the water inlet pipe 13, the drill pipe 18 and the flower pipe 23 in sequence. By adjusting the water valve 5, the water pressure in the pipeline can meet the test requirements. The flow meter 11 and the pressure gauge 12 can check the flow and pressure in the pipeline during the adjustment process. The flow sensor 21 and the pressure sensor 22 transmit the test flow and pressure to the data receiving processor 15 through the signal cable 14, continuously record them during the test, and display them as a curve on the computer 16. This design effectively avoids the influence of drill pipe leakage on the test results in the traditional method by setting the flow sensor and pressure sensor near the test section.

[0052] S4: During the water pressure test, the water-stopping effectiveness of the first waterstop 20 is determined by the water level changes recorded by the electronic water level gauge 19. If the water level recorded by the electronic water level gauge 19 does not change during the water pressure test, the first waterstop 20 is deemed to have successfully stopped water; if the water level rises, the first waterstop 20 is deemed to have failed to stop water. The water-stopping effectiveness of the second waterstop 24 is determined by the flow sensor 29 or pressure sensor 26 located below it. If the groundwater level is below the test section, the test fails if the flow rate recorded by the flow sensor 29 increases during the test. If the groundwater level is above the test section, the test fails if the flow rate recorded by the pressure sensor 26 increases during the test. The flow sensor 29 and pressure sensor 26 transmit the test flow and pressure data to the data receiving processor 15 via the signal cable 14. The data is continuously recorded during the test and displayed as a curve on the computer 16. This comprehensive determination method significantly improves the accuracy of water-stopping effectiveness.

[0053] S5: If the test fails, the test section position needs to be fine-tuned up and down until the test succeeds. After the first test section, the hydraulic pressure device 7 releases pressure, and the first water stop 20, second water stop 24, and third water stop 28 retract, raising the water pressure device to the next test section. The above steps are repeated until all test sections are completed. During the entire test process, the camera 17 records the entire process, automatically dividing the video according to the test section time and storing it in the data receiving processor 15. The video and test data are synchronously displayed on the computer 16. This design not only enables visual recording of the test process, but also provides an important basis for later tracing and analysis.

[0054] In practical applications, the technical solution of the present invention has significant advantages. For example, in a large-scale water conservancy and hydropower project, faced with complex geological conditions and deep drilling requirements, the traditional single-plug water pressure test requires frequent drilling and drilling, which is time-consuming and inefficient. However, after adopting the method and system of the present invention, there is no need to repeat the drilling and drilling operations, which significantly saves working time and improves test efficiency. In addition, the automatic recording and calculation of test data by sensors reduces manual intervention and lowers the error rate. Especially when multiple drilling rigs are operating at the same time, managers can remotely monitor the test process through computer 16 to ensure that the test quality is controllable and traceable.

[0055] Furthermore, the present invention enhances the ability to judge the test quality through the following technical means. The water level changes recorded by the electronic water level gauge 19 are used to judge the water-stopping effect of the first water stop 20, ensuring that the water-stopping state above the test section is reliable. The water-stopping effect of the second water stop 24 is comprehensively judged by the flow sensor 29 and pressure sensor 26 at its lower part, ensuring that the water-stopping state below the test section is reliable. The test data and video data are synchronously stored in the data receiving processor 15 to facilitate later analysis and tracing. This systematic design not only improves the reliability of the test data, but also provides a scientific basis for the design of anti-seepage projects.

[0056] To achieve the same technical effect, the present invention can also adopt a variety of alternative solutions. For example, the data transmission method can adopt wireless transmission instead of wired signal cable 14 to reduce wiring complexity. The sensor type can adopt ultrasonic sensor instead of electronic water level gauge 19 to improve measurement accuracy. The data processing method can introduce cloud computing or edge computing technology to perform real-time processing and analysis of test data, further improving efficiency. These alternative solutions can be flexibly selected according to specific engineering requirements to ensure the applicability of the present invention in different scenarios.

[0057] In summary, this invention significantly improves the efficiency, accuracy, and traceability of borehole water pressure testing in water conservancy and hydropower projects through automated data collection, comprehensive assessment of water-stopping effectiveness, real-time monitoring of the test process, and systematic data archiving. Its specific implementation combines advanced sensing, data processing, and video monitoring technologies, providing reliable technical support for engineering practice and possessing significant potential for widespread application.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for water pressure testing of boreholes in water conservancy and hydropower projects, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: After the drilling is completed, the drilling tool is removed, the water pressure equipment is lowered to the bottom of the borehole, and the electronic water level gauge (19) is placed to record the initial groundwater level and determine the pressure recording zero line; S2: Using a hydraulic pressure device (7) to pressurize and expand the first water stopper (20), the second water stopper (24), and the third water stopper (28) so that they are tightly bonded to the hole wall, and monitoring the pressure changes of the water stoppers in real time; S3: Start the water pump (4) to send pressurized water into the test section, adjust the water valve (5) so that the water pressure in the pipeline meets the test requirements, and monitor the flow rate and pressure of the test section through the flow sensor (21) and the pressure sensor (22); S4: judging the water-stopping effect of the first water-stopping plug (20) by the water level change recorded by the electronic water level gauge (19), and comprehensively judging the water-stopping effect of the second water-stopping plug (24) by the flow sensor (29) and the pressure sensor (26); S5: If the test fails, fine-tune the test section position and retest. If the test succeeds, release the pressure and lift the water pressure equipment to the next test section. Repeat the above steps until all test sections are completed. S6: The whole process is recorded and the video is automatically divided into sections according to the test time by the camera (17) and stored in the data receiving processor (15).

2. A water conservancy and hydropower engineering borehole water pressure test method according to claim 1, characterized in that The electronic water level gauge (19) is set in the borehole, and its bottom elevation is lower than the groundwater level (30). The data receiving processor (15) records the water level elevation value every five minutes and automatically calculates the water level change value every five minutes.

3. A water conservancy and hydropower engineering borehole water pressure test method according to claim 2, characterized in that When the water level drops less than five centimeters per minute for two consecutive times, the computer (16) prompts that the water level observation is finished and records the water level as the pressure record zero line.

4. A water pressure test method for a water conservancy and hydropower project according to claim 1, characterized in that The water-stopping effect of the first water-stopping plug (20) is judged by using the water level change recorded by the electronic water level gauge (19). When the water level does not change during the water pressure test, the water-stopping is judged to be successful, and when the water level rises, the water-stopping is judged to be unsuccessful.

5. A water pressure test method for a water conservancy and hydropower project according to claim 1, characterized in that The water-stopping effect of the second water-stopping plug (24) is judged by using a flow sensor (29) and a pressure sensor (26) at its lower portion. When the groundwater level (30) is lower than the test section, if the flow rate recorded by the flow sensor (29) increases during the test, the test fails.

6. A water pressure test method for a water conservancy and hydropower project according to claim 5, characterized in that When the groundwater level (30) is higher than the test section, if the flow rate recorded by the pressure sensor (26) increases during the test, the test fails.

7. A water pressure test method for a water conservancy and hydropower project according to claim 1, characterized in that The camera (17) records the entire process and displays the video and test data synchronously on the computer (16), and the video data is stored in the data receiving processor (15).

8. A water pressure test method for a water conservancy and hydropower project according to claim 1, characterized in that The data receiving processor (15) receives data from the sensor module via a signal cable (14) and automatically generates a test result report.

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