Large-volume low-temperature vacuum container and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to a large-volume low-temperature vacuum container for long-term storage and transportation of a low-temperature medium and a use method. The invention aims to provide the large-volume low-temperature vacuum container which is large in storage capacity, small in evaporation loss and free of freezing and gas accumulation at the liquid outlet. The large-volume low-temperature vacuum container comprises an inner containing tank and a shell, the inner containing tank comprises a straight cylinder, a first elliptical head and a second elliptical head, a fixing assembly is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, the inner containing tank is arranged in the shell through the fixing assembly, and the first elliptical head is provided with a liquid inlet and outlet pipe provided with an inlet and outlet valve and is arranged in an inverted-U shape; the top end of the straight cylinder is provided with a first exhaust pipe provided with a first exhaust valve. The top end of the liquid inlet-outlet pipe is connected with a second exhaust pipe provided with a second exhaust valve. The control system controls storage and discharge of liquid through the inlet and outlet valve, controls gas discharge by controlling the first exhaust valve, prevents freezing and gas accumulation of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe through the second exhaust valve, and controls the shell pass pressure of the content tank through the control system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a cryogenic vacuum container, and in particular to a large-volume cryogenic vacuum container for long-term storage and transportation of cryogenic media and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of aerospace technology, new carrier rockets at home and abroad have adopted liquid oxygen and liquid methane as propellants on a large scale, requiring the rocket ground launch support system to have the ability to store and transport large amounts of high-quality cryogenic propellants. For example, the total liquid oxygen filling capacity of SpaceX's "Super Heavy-Star Rocket" is about 3173m 3 The total methane injection volume is about 2297m 3 , methane high flow filling flow 45m 3 / min, liquid oxygen high flow filling flow rate 75.6m 3 As the core equipment for the storage and transportation of cryogenic propellants, cryogenic vacuum vessels must have large storage capacity, strong liquid discharge capacity, and low evaporation loss. They must also have simple structure, easy installation, and high cost-effectiveness.

[0003] At present, most of the low-temperature vacuum containers used in domestic launch sites adopt a horizontal two-saddle structure with vacuum powder insulation. Their medium storage and transportation capabilities can no longer meet the requirements of use, and there are problems such as large heat leakage at the liquid outlet and icing at the liquid outlet. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a large-volume low-temperature vacuum container and a method of use thereof with large storage capacity, strong liquid discharge capacity, small evaporation loss, and no ice or gas accumulation at the liquid outlet.

[0005] The present invention relates to a large-volume low-temperature vacuum container, which is horizontally arranged and includes a content tank and an outer shell. The content tank includes a horizontally placed straight cylinder and a first elliptical head and a second elliptical head respectively sealed and connected to the two ends of the straight cylinder. The inner wall of the outer shell is provided with a fixing component. The content tank is arranged in the outer shell through the fixing component to form a vacuum layer with the outer shell. The vacuum layer is filled with pearlescent sand. The first elliptical head is provided with a liquid inlet and outlet pipe equipped with an inlet and outlet valve. One end of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe is connected to the content tank, and the other end of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe passes through the outer shell. The liquid inlet and outlet pipe located in the vacuum layer is in an inverted U-shape. The top of the straight cylinder is provided with a first exhaust pipe equipped with a first exhaust valve. The top end of the liquid inlet and outlet pipes of the empty layer is connected to a second exhaust pipe with a second exhaust valve installed; the low-temperature vacuum container is provided with a boosting system and a control system, the boosting system includes a first boosting pipe connected to the bottom end of the straight cylinder, a second boosting pipe connected to the top end of the straight cylinder, and a booster connected between the first boosting pipe and the second boosting pipe, the first boosting pipe and the second boosting pipe are respectively provided with a first boosting valve and a second boosting valve and both pass through the outer shell, the control system controls the storage and discharge of the liquid through the inlet and outlet valves, controls the gas discharge by controlling the first exhaust valve, prevents the liquid inlet and outlet pipes from freezing and gas accumulation by controlling the second exhaust valve, and controls the shell side pressure of the content tank by controlling the first boosting valve, the second boosting valve and the booster.

[0006] The present invention provides a large-volume low-temperature vacuum container, wherein the first boosting pipe is further provided with a first pressure sensor, a first temperature sensor and a regulating valve, and the second boosting pipe is further provided with a second temperature sensor.

[0007] The present invention provides a large-volume low-temperature vacuum container, wherein the boosting system further includes a third boosting pipe equipped with a third boosting valve, one end of the third boosting pipe is connected to the straight cylinder, and the other end of the third boosting pipe passes through the shell.

[0008] The present invention provides a large-volume low-temperature vacuum container, wherein the pressurization system further includes a blow-off pipe connected to the first pressurization pipe and a vent pipe connected to the second pressurization pipe, the blow-off pipe is provided with a blow-off valve, and the vent pipe is provided with a vent valve.

[0009] The present invention provides a large-volume low-temperature vacuum container, which also includes a hydraulic monitoring system. The hydraulic monitoring system includes a pressure-taking pipe connected to the top of a straight cylinder and equipped with a pressure-taking valve, a pressure gauge and a second pressure sensor connected to the pressure-taking pipe, a liquid-taking pipe connected to the bottom of the straight cylinder and equipped with a liquid-taking valve, and a liquid level gauge, a liquid level sensor, and a balancing valve connected between the pressure-taking pipe and the liquid-taking pipe.

[0010] The present invention provides a large-volume low-temperature vacuum container, which also includes a vacuum monitoring system. The vacuum monitoring system includes a vacuum pumping tube with one end inserted in the vacuum layer and the other end passing through the outer shell, a vacuum valve and a vacuum measuring port arranged on the vacuum pumping tube and located outside the outer shell.

[0011] The present invention provides a large-volume cryogenic vacuum container, which also includes a pressure relief system. The pressure relief system includes a first pressure relief pipe connected to a first exhaust pipe, a three-way valve connected to the end of the first pressure relief pipe, one port of the three-way valve connected to the end of the first pressure relief pipe, a second pressure relief pipe respectively connected to the other two ports of the three-way valve, and a plurality of third pressure relief pipes equipped with safety valves connected to the second pressure relief pipe.

[0012] The present invention provides a large-volume low-temperature vacuum container, which also includes a sampling system. The sampling system includes a sampling tube connected to a first elliptical head, the sampling tube passes out of the shell, and a sampling valve is arranged on the sampling tube, and the sampling valve is located outside the shell.

[0013] The present invention provides a large-volume low-temperature vacuum container, wherein the outer wall of the shell is provided with a support assembly, the support assembly includes a first saddle, a second saddle and a third saddle arranged in sequence at the bottom of the shell, the second saddle is fixedly arranged with the shell, and the first saddle and the third saddle are both slidably arranged with the shell.

[0014] A method for using a large-volume low-temperature vacuum container comprises the following steps:

[0015] (1) Conduct a comprehensive inspection of large-volume cryogenic vacuum vessels to confirm that all valves are in the closed state;

[0016] Check the vacuum measuring port to determine whether the vacuum degree of the vacuum layer meets the standard. If not, the control system opens the vacuum valve and evacuates the vacuum layer through the vacuum pipe until the vacuum degree meets the standard.

[0017] (2) Add liquid to the content tank through the liquid inlet and outlet pipes, and stop adding when the liquid level reaches the target level;

[0018] The control system opens the inlet and outlet valves, liquid extraction valve, and pressure valve, and the liquid is injected into the content tank through the liquid inlet and outlet pipes. The liquid level sensor monitors the liquid level value in real time. When the liquid level reaches the target range, the filling is stopped and the control system closes the inlet and outlet valves to store the liquid.

[0019] The second pressure sensor monitors the pressure in the content tank in real time. When the pressure exceeds the limit, the control system opens the first exhaust valve to discharge the gas in the content tank through the first exhaust pipe.

[0020] (3) transporting the liquid outward through the liquid inlet and outlet pipes, and sampling and testing the liquid before transportation;

[0021] Open the sampling valve to sample the liquid in the tank.

[0022] If qualified, the control system opens the first and second boosting valves, and the liquid is vaporized by the booster and enters the container for boosting, and / or opens the third boosting valve to inject gas into the content tank for boosting, and stops boosting after reaching the target pressure; the control system opens the inlet and outlet valves to transport the liquid, and controls the liquid delivery speed by controlling the pressure in the content tank;

[0023] Stop delivery when unqualified;

[0024] (4) After the liquid in the content tank is delivered or the liquid delivery target is achieved, the control system closes the inlet and outlet valves and all booster valves to stop liquid delivery.

[0025] The difference between the present invention and the prior art lies in that pearlescent sand is filled between the inner tank and the outer shell for temperature insulation. The control system cooperates with the vacuum detection system to monitor the vacuum layer in real time, and cooperates with the hydraulic monitoring system to monitor the pressure and liquid level of the inner tank in real time to realize liquid medium storage. It cooperates with the boosting system to pressurize the inner tank through internal or external boosting channels to realize outward transportation of the liquid medium.

[0026] The large-volume cryogenic vacuum container and its use method of the present invention include at least the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The liquid inlet and outlet pipe is designed as an inverted U-shaped structure. When part of the liquid in the liquid inlet and outlet pipe vaporizes to generate gas, the vaporized gas automatically floats to the highest point of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe, preventing the gas in the liquid inlet and outlet pipe from flowing back to the content tank, forming an air seal, and effectively avoiding the occurrence of local supercooling. At the same time, since the thermal conductivity of gas is much smaller than that of liquid, the temperature at the outlet of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe is higher than that of the content tank, ensuring that the outlet of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe will not freeze.

[0028] (2) The boosting system has two sets of boosting channels: self-boosting and external-boosting, which are redundant to each other. This can not only enhance the liquid discharge capacity of the container, but also improve the fault tolerance of the container.

[0029] (3) Both the fixing assembly and the supporting assembly are fixed in the middle and slide on both ends, which can not only enhance the adaptability and tolerance of the content tank, but also extend the service life of the container.

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a large-volume low-temperature vacuum container of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the content tank in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a front view of the housing of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a right side view of the housing of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the connection between the second exhaust pipe and the liquid inlet and outlet pipes in the present invention.

[0036] Reference numerals:

[0037] 01-content tank; 11-first elliptical head; 111-liquid inlet and outlet pipes; 1111-inlet and outlet valves; 1112-second exhaust pipe; 1113-second exhaust valve; 112-auxiliary liquid inlet pipe; 1121-liquid inlet valve; 12-straight cylinder; 121-first exhaust pipe; 1211-first exhaust valve; 122-overflow pipe; 1221-overflow valve; 13-second elliptical head; 02-housing; 21-fixing assembly; 22-support assembly; 222-second saddle; 223-third saddle; 03-control system; 04-boosting system; 41-first boosting pipe; 411-first boosting valve; 412-first pressure sensor; 413-first temperature sensor; 414-regulating valve; 42-second boosting pipe; 421-second boosting Valve; 422-second temperature sensor; 43-booster; 44-vent pipe; 441-vent valve; 45-blowing pipe; 451-blowing valve; 46-third boosting pipe; 461-third boosting valve; 05-hydraulic monitoring system; 51-pressure taking pipe; 511-pressure taking valve; 52-liquid taking pipe; 521-liquid taking valve; 53-pressure gauge; 54-second pressure sensor; 55-liquid level gauge; 56-liquid level sensor; 57-balancing valve; 06-vacuum monitoring system; 61-vacuum pipe; 62-vacuum valve; 63-vacuum measuring port; 07-pressure relief system; 71-first pressure relief pipe; 72-three-way valve; 73-second pressure relief pipe; 74-third pressure relief pipe; 75-safety valve; 08-sampling system; 81-sampling pipe; 82-sampling valve DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] like Figure 1 、 2As shown in Figure 3, the present invention is a large-volume low-temperature vacuum container. The low-temperature vacuum container is horizontally arranged and includes a content tank 01 and an outer shell 02. The content tank 01 includes a horizontally placed straight cylinder 12 and a first elliptical head 11 and a second elliptical head 13 respectively sealed and connected to both ends of the straight cylinder 12. A fixing component 21 is provided on the inner wall of the outer shell 02. The content tank 01 is arranged in the outer shell 02 through the fixing component 21 to form a vacuum layer with the outer shell 02. The vacuum layer is filled with pearl sand. The first elliptical head 11 is provided with a liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 equipped with an inlet and outlet valve 1111. One end of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 is connected to the content tank 01, and the other end of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 passes through the outer shell 02. The liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 located in the vacuum layer is in an inverted U-shape. The top of the straight cylinder 12 is provided with a first exhaust pipe 121 equipped with a first exhaust valve 1211. The liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 located in the vacuum layer is in an inverted U-shape. 11 is connected to the top end of a second exhaust pipe 1112 with a second exhaust valve 1113 installed; the low-temperature vacuum container is provided with a boosting system 04 and a control system 03, the boosting system 04 includes a first boosting pipe 41 connected to the bottom end of the straight cylinder 12, a second boosting pipe 42 connected to the top end of the straight cylinder 12, and a booster 43 connected between the first boosting pipe 41 and the second boosting pipe 42, the first boosting pipe 41 and the second boosting pipe 42 are respectively provided with a first boosting valve 411 and a second boosting valve 421 and both pass through the outer shell 02, the control system 03 controls the storage and discharge of the liquid through the inlet and outlet valve 1111, controls the gas discharge by controlling the first exhaust valve 1211, prevents the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 from freezing and gas accumulation by controlling the second exhaust valve 1113, and controls the shell side pressure of the content tank 01 by controlling the first boosting valve 411, the second boosting valve 421 and the booster 43.

[0039] The cryogenic vacuum container of the present invention is a horizontal vacuum container, which is used for long-term storage, transportation and delivery of cryogenic media such as liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, and liquid methane. It can also be extended to other cryogenic media such as liquid hydrogen and liquid helium. The inner tank 01 of the container has a diameter of φ3900mm, an outer container has a diameter of φ4500mm, a length of 37050mm, and a geometric volume of 400m3. 3 , the pressure is 0.1-1.4MPa, and the daily evaporation rate of the liquid medium is not higher than 0.105%.

[0040] The content tank 01 and the outer shell 02 are both cylindrical, and the outer walls of both are provided with at least two reinforcing rings to enhance their bearing pressure. The fixing component 21 is made of fiberglass, which has the characteristics of low density, high tensile strength, corrosion resistance, and strong fatigue resistance. The outer shell 02 and the content tank 01 are firmly connected as one through fiberglass. Even if the content tank 01 and the outer shell 02 are deformed due to thermal expansion and contraction, the two can still remain integrated and will not fall off. Such a setting not only enhances the strength and toughness of the low-temperature vacuum container, but also extends its service life.

[0041] As mentioned above, the cryogenic vacuum container is arranged horizontally, that is, the inner tank 01 and the outer shell 02 are both placed horizontally, that is, the axes of the inner tank 01 and the outer shell 02 are both arranged in the horizontal direction.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, there are five fixing components 21, three at the bottom of the content tank 01 and two at the top, forming a five-point support structure to ensure the firmness of the connection between the content tank 01 and the outer shell 02. Four lifting ears are welded at 45° on both sides of the vertical center line of the cross section of the outer shell 02 for lifting and transporting the low-temperature vacuum container.

[0043] The vacuum layer of the container is used for heat insulation. To further enhance the heat insulation effect, pearlescent sand with strong heat insulation and cold preservation effect is filled in the vacuum layer, which can effectively ensure that the liquid medium in the content tank 01 will not undergo phase change, such as vaporization or partial solidification.

[0044] The first elliptical head 11 of the content tank 01 is welded with a liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 connected to the interior thereof. The pipe passes through the shell 02 to the right and is used for storing and transporting liquid. Figure 5 As shown, liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 in the vacuum layer is arranged in an inverted U-shape, running from left to right or from front to back. This section of liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 has a perforated top, where it connects to one end of a second exhaust pipe 1112. The other end of the second exhaust pipe extends outside the housing. Opening second exhaust valve 1113 by control system 03 allows gas in liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 to be discharged, effectively preventing gas accumulation and minimizing evaporation losses.

[0045] In traditional vacuum containers, the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 is usually a straight pipe structure. When the container is storing liquid, because the temperature of the vacuum layer is higher than the temperature of the content tank 01, the liquid in the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 between the content tank 01 and the outer shell 02 will vaporize and generate gas. Since the density of gas is lower than that of liquid, this gas will flow into the content tank 01 along the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111, causing the pressure of the content tank 01 to increase, and this phenomenon will continue. When the pressure of the content tank increases, according to the principle of phase equilibrium, the liquefaction temperature (boiling point) of the liquid will increase. The liquid that was originally in a gas-liquid equilibrium state will have its internal gas-liquid equilibrium broken. Inside the liquid, part of the liquid needs to be vaporized to adjust the ratio of gas and liquid in the system to reach a new equilibrium state. The vaporization process requires heat absorption, which will reduce the temperature of the surrounding liquid and cause local supercooling. Moreover, the heat absorption of liquid vaporization further exacerbates the degree of supercooling, ultimately resulting in ice easily forming at the liquid outlet of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111, seriously affecting the transportation of liquid.

[0046] To solve this problem, the present invention innovatively designs the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 into an inverted U-shaped structure. When part of the liquid in the inverted U-shaped liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 vaporizes to generate gas, since the density of the gas is lower than that of the liquid, the vaporized gas automatically floats to the highest point of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 (i.e., the top of the inverted U-shaped pipe section), thereby preventing the gas in the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 from flowing back to the content tank 01, forming an air seal. In this way, local overcooling is effectively avoided. At the same time, since the temperature at the liquid outlet of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 is higher than that of the content tank 01, and the middle is separated by gas, and the thermal conductivity of gas is much lower than that of liquid, gas insulation is formed, thereby ensuring that the liquid outlet of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 will not freeze.

[0047] The pressurization system 04 is used to increase the pressure in the content tank 01. When the stored liquid needs to be transported outward, the pressurization operation can improve the delivery efficiency of the content tank 01. The pressurizer 43 is a vaporizer. The left end of the first pressurization pipe 41 is connected to the bottom end of the straight tube 12 (i.e., the content tank 01), facilitating the outflow of liquid. The right end of the first pressurization pipe 41 passes through the outer shell 02 and connects to the liquid inlet of the pressurizer 43. The gas outlet of the pressurizer 43 is connected to the right end of the second pressurization pipe 42. The left end of the second pressurization pipe 42 is connected to the top end of the straight tube 12 (i.e., the content tank 01), facilitating the entry of gas, thus forming a self-pressurization channel.

[0048] During the pressurized discharge process, control system 03 first opens first boost valve 411 and inlet / outlet valve 1111. Liquid flows through first boost pipe 41 into booster 43. Booster 43 vaporizes the liquid into gas, which is discharged into second boost pipe 42. Next, control system 03 opens second boost valve 421, injecting gas into container 01. At this point, the pressure in container 01 increases, and the liquid medium is transported outward from liquid inlet / outlet pipe 111. During the transport process, when the pressure in container 01 reaches the target range, control system 03 closes first boost valve 411 to stop the pressurization operation. If overpressure occurs, control system 03 immediately opens first exhaust valve 1211 to release the gas. After liquid transport is complete, control system 03 closes inlet / outlet valve 1111, completing the liquid medium transport operation and enhancing the container's liquid discharge capacity.

[0049] In addition, the first elliptical head 11 is also provided with an auxiliary liquid inlet pipe 112 with a liquid inlet valve 1121 installed. The left end of the auxiliary liquid inlet pipe 112 is connected to the upper end of the first elliptical head 11 (that is, connected to the content tank 01), and the right end is connected to the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111. With this arrangement, on the one hand, liquid inlet from the upper end of the content tank 01 can avoid the liquid inlet pressure caused by the liquid medium level being higher than the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 port; on the other hand, double-tube liquid inlet greatly improves the liquid inlet efficiency.

[0050] During the storage process of the liquid medium, the control system 03 simultaneously opens the inlet and outlet valve 1111, the liquid inlet valve 1121 and the first exhaust valve 1211, and the liquid medium is injected into the content tank 01 from the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 and the auxiliary liquid inlet pipe 112 at the same time. At the same time, the gas in the content tank 01 is discharged from the first exhaust pipe 121 as the liquid is injected. After the filling is completed, the control system 03 closes the inlet and outlet valve 1111, the liquid inlet valve 1121 and the first exhaust valve 1211 to complete the liquid storage operation.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, the first boosting pipe 41 is further provided with a first pressure sensor 412, a first temperature sensor 413, and a regulating valve 414, and the second boosting pipe 42 is further provided with a second temperature sensor 422. The boosting system 04 also includes a blow-off pipe 45 connected to the first boosting pipe 41 and a vent pipe 44 connected to the second boosting pipe 42. The blow-off pipe 45 is provided with a blow-off valve 451, and the vent pipe 44 is provided with a vent valve 441.

[0052] First pressure sensor 412 and first temperature sensor 413 monitor the pressure and temperature of first boost pipe 41 in real time and transmit these signals to control system 03. Control system 03 adjusts the opening of regulating valve 414 based on the signals received, controlling the liquid flow rate and flow rate to ensure that the pressure and temperature of first boost pipe 41 remain within the target range. A safety valve 75 is also provided on first boost pipe 41. When overpressure occurs, control system 03 promptly opens safety valve 75 to relieve pressure, ensuring safe and stable operation of boost system 04.

[0053] The blow-off pipe 45 is used to prevent the liquid medium in the first boost pipe 41 from condensing. When the control system 03 detects that the first boost pipe 41 may be blocked by condensation based on the pressure and temperature signals, it will immediately close the first boost valve 411 and open the blow-off valve 451 at the same time to blow hot gas medium into the first boost pipe 41 to eliminate the condensed liquid medium in the pipe. After the blockage is cleared, the control system 03 closes the blow-off valve 451 and reopens the first boost valve 411 to resume system operation.

[0054] In addition to the first boost pipe 41, the second boost pipe 42 also plays a crucial role in the system. Similarly, a second temperature sensor 422 monitors the gas temperature within the second boost pipe 42 in real time and transmits the temperature signal to the control system 03. The second boost pipe 42 is also equipped with a safety valve 75. If the temperature within the pipe becomes excessively high, causing a sudden increase in pressure, the control system 03 immediately opens the safety valve 75 to relieve the pressure, ensuring that the second boost pipe 42 is not damaged by excessive pressure.

[0055] The vent pipe 44 is used to discharge the gas in the second boost pipe 42. When the boosting is completed, the control system 03 first closes the first boost valve 411 and the second boost valve 421, and the booster 43 also stops running; then the control system 03 opens the vent valve 441 to discharge the residual gas in the second boost pipe 42 to prevent the gas from undergoing phase change and condensation to cause damage to the pipeline.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the boosting system 04 further includes a third boosting pipe 46 equipped with a third boosting valve 461 . One end of the third boosting pipe 46 is connected to the straight cylinder 12 , and the other end of the third boosting pipe 46 passes through the housing 02 .

[0057] In addition to its self-pressurization channel, pressurization system 04 also features an external pressurization channel. The left end of the third pressurization pipe 46 is connected to the straight tube 12 (i.e., connected to the content tank 01), and the right end extends through the outer shell 02 for connection to an external gas source. If internal pressurization system 04 fails, or if both external and self-pressurization are required for pressurized drainage, control system 03 opens third pressurization valve 461, allowing gas to be injected into content tank 01 through third pressurization pipe 46. As the pressure of the liquid medium in content tank 01 increases, it is discharged through liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111. This arrangement provides redundancy between the two pressurization channels, improving the container's fault tolerance.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a large-volume cryogenic vacuum container, which also includes a hydraulic monitoring system 05. The hydraulic monitoring system 05 includes a pressure-taking pipe 51 connected to the top of the straight cylinder 12 and equipped with a pressure-taking valve 511, a pressure gauge 53 and a second pressure sensor 54 connected to the pressure-taking pipe 51, a liquid-taking pipe 52 connected to the bottom of the straight cylinder 12 and equipped with a liquid-taking valve 521, a liquid level gauge 55, a liquid level sensor 56 and a balancing valve 57 connected between the pressure-taking pipe 51 and the liquid-taking pipe 52.

[0059] The hydraulic monitoring system 05 is used for real-time monitoring of the pressure and liquid level of the content tank 01. The right ends of the pressure-taking pipe 51 and the liquid-taking pipe 52 are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the straight cylinder 12 (that is, both are connected to the content tank 01). A liquid level gauge 55, a liquid level sensor 56 and a balancing valve 57 are installed in parallel between the liquid-taking pipe 52 and the pressure-taking pipe 51. Thus, the pressure-taking pipe 51 and the liquid-taking pipe 52 are connected to form a communicating vessel. According to the principle of communicating vessels, the liquid levels of the liquid media in the content tank 01 and the liquid-taking pipe 52 are at the same height. Therefore, the liquid level height of the liquid-taking pipe 52 monitored by the liquid level gauge 55 and the liquid level sensor 56 is the liquid level height in the content tank 01. The liquid level sensor 56 will transmit the liquid level signal to the control system 03.

[0060] Regarding pressure monitoring, the pressure gauge 53 on the pressure sampling pipe 51 displays the real-time pressure of the content tank 01 and transmits the pressure signal to the control system 03 via the second pressure sensor 54. Furthermore, a display panel is mounted on the cylinder 12, which visually displays the pressure and temperature values ​​of the container and the pressurization system 04 for easy viewing by workers.

[0061] During the liquid storage process, the liquid level sensor 56 and the second pressure sensor 54 monitor the liquid level and pressure of the content tank 01 in real time. The control system 03 controls the opening and closing of the first exhaust valve 1211 according to the received pressure signal to ensure that the pressure value of the content tank 01 always remains within the target range; at the same time, the control system 03 controls the opening and closing of the inlet and outlet valve 1111 according to the received liquid level signal to avoid overloading of the content tank 01.

[0062] The balancing valve 57 is mainly used to balance the pressure on both sides of the liquid level gauge 55. The balancing valve 57 can return the display of the liquid level gauge 55 to zero, which not only ensures the high accuracy of liquid level monitoring, but also facilitates the calibration or maintenance of the hydraulic monitoring system 05.

[0063] In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the container, an overflow pipe 122 equipped with an overflow valve 1221 is provided at the upper end of the right side wall of the first elliptical head 11. The right end of the overflow pipe 122 passes through the outer shell 02. When the pressure of the content tank 01 exceeds the set value (whether it is overpressure caused by liquid or gas), the overflow valve 1221 automatically opens to release pressure outward, ensuring that the content tank 01 is not damaged due to excessive pressure, improving the space utilization of the content tank 01 and increasing the storage capacity.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a large-volume low-temperature vacuum container, which also includes a vacuum monitoring system 06. The vacuum monitoring system 06 includes a vacuum tube 61 with one end inserted in the vacuum layer and the other end passing through the outer shell 02, a vacuum valve 62 and a vacuum measuring port 63 arranged on the vacuum tube 61 and located outside the outer shell 02.

[0065] The vacuum monitoring system 06 is mainly used to monitor the vacuum degree of the vacuum layer, so that the vacuum degree of the vacuum layer is always maintained within the target range, ensuring that the container has high thermal insulation performance.

[0066] Vacuum tube 61 is welded to outer shell 02, with its right end extending through outer shell 02 and located within the vacuum layer. A vacuum measuring port 63 is located outside outer shell 02. To ensure the container's vacuum level, the vacuum level is measured regularly, for example, every six months. If the vacuum level falls below the target range, control system 03 opens vacuum valve 62 and an external vacuum pump performs vacuum pumping. During this period, vacuum level measurements are taken at regular intervals, for example, every 30 minutes, until the vacuum level reaches the target range, at which point control system 03 closes vacuum valve 62.

[0067] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the present invention provides a large-volume cryogenic vacuum container, which also includes a pressure relief system 07. The pressure relief system 07 includes a first pressure relief pipe 71 connected to the first exhaust pipe 121, a three-way valve 72 connected to the end of the first pressure relief pipe 71, a second pressure relief pipe 73 connected to the other two ports of the three-way valve 72, and a plurality of third pressure relief pipes 74 equipped with safety valves 75 connected to the second pressure relief pipe 73.

[0068] One port of the three-way valve 72 is connected to the end of the first pressure relief pipe 71 , and the other two ports of the three-way valve 72 are respectively connected to the second pressure relief pipes 73 .

[0069] The primary function of the pressure relief system 07 is to rapidly release pressure when the content tank 01 becomes overpressurized. The lower end of the first pressure relief pipe 71 is connected to the first exhaust pipe 121, and the upper end is connected to one port of a three-way valve 72. The other two ports of the three-way valve 72 are each connected to a second pressure relief pipe 73, and each second pressure relief pipe 73 is connected to at least two third pressure relief pipes 74. When the content tank 01 becomes overpressurized, in addition to relieving pressure through the overflow valve 1221 and the first exhaust pipe 121, the control system 03 promptly opens the safety valve 75 on each third pressure relief pipe 74, rapidly releasing pressure through the pressure relief system 07 and quickly restoring the pressure in the content tank 01 to normal. This arrangement not only improves regulation efficiency but also effectively prevents damage to the content tank 01 due to excessive pressure.

[0070] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a large-volume cryogenic vacuum container, which also includes a sampling system 08. The sampling system 08 includes a sampling tube 81 connected to the first elliptical head 11, the sampling tube 81 passes out of the outer shell 02, and a sampling valve 82 is provided on the sampling tube 81. The sampling valve 82 is located outside the outer shell 02.

[0071] The sampling system 08 is used to sample and test the liquid medium in the content tank 01 to detect whether its concentration and trace impurity content meet the standards. If so, the liquid is transported and discharged. If not, the transport is stopped to prevent damage to the liquid system and equipment.

[0072] The left end of the sampling tube 81 is connected to the content tank 01, and the right end passes through the outer shell 02 for sampling and testing. During sampling, the control system 03 opens the sampling valve 82, takes out a certain amount of liquid medium from the sampling tube 81, and then closes the sampling valve 82 to test the liquid medium through professional methods (such as gas chromatography and infrared absorption method).

[0073] like Figure 1 、 3As shown in Figure 4, a support assembly 22 is provided on the outer wall of the shell 02. The support assembly 22 includes a first saddle 221, a second saddle 222 and a third saddle 223 arranged in sequence at the bottom of the shell 02. The second saddle 222 is fixed to the shell 02, and the first saddle 221 and the third saddle 223 are both slidably arranged with the shell 02.

[0074] The support assembly 22 is used to stabilize the container and prevent it from tilting or even rolling due to unstable placement. The three saddles are arranged in sequence along the bottom of the shell 02 along the shell axis. The second saddle 222 is bolted or welded to the center of the bottom of the shell 02 and is located between the first saddle 221 and the third saddle 223. The third saddle 223 and the first saddle 221 are both provided with sliders, such as T-shaped sliders (not shown in the figure). The bottom of the shell 02 and the corresponding positions of the third saddle 223 and the first saddle 221 are provided with matching slide rails, such as T-shaped slide rails (not shown in the figure). Since the shell 02 is made of metal, it will expand or contract with temperature changes. When thermal expansion and contraction occur, the length of the shell 02 will be extended or shortened to a certain extent along its axial direction. At this time, the shell 02 will slide on the first saddle 221 and the third saddle 223. This arrangement not only ensures the stability of the container, but also enhances its adaptability. Even if the shell 02 is deformed due to thermal expansion and contraction, it can still operate safely and stably.

[0075] Similarly, the three fixing components 21 at the bottom of the content tank 01 also adopt a similar setting as described above, with the middle fixed and the two ends sliding on slide rails to enhance the adaptability and tolerance of the content tank 01, thereby extending the service life of the container.

[0076] A method for using a large-volume low-temperature vacuum container comprises the following steps:

[0077] (1) Conduct a comprehensive inspection of large-volume cryogenic vacuum vessels to confirm that all valves are in the closed state;

[0078] Check the vacuum measuring port 63 to determine whether the vacuum degree of the vacuum layer meets the standard. If not, the control system 03 opens the vacuum valve 62 and evacuates the vacuum layer through the vacuum pipe 61 until the vacuum degree meets the standard.

[0079] (2) Add liquid to the content tank 01 through the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111, and stop adding when the liquid level reaches the target level;

[0080] The control system 03 opens the inlet and outlet valves 1111, the liquid extraction valve 521, and the pressure-taking valve 511. The liquid is injected into the content tank 01 through the liquid inlet and outlet pipes 111. The liquid level sensor 56 monitors the liquid level in real time. When the liquid level reaches the target range, the injection is stopped and the control system 03 closes the inlet and outlet valves 1111 to store the liquid.

[0081] The second pressure sensor 54 monitors the pressure in the content tank 01 in real time. When the pressure exceeds the limit, the control system 03 opens the first exhaust valve 1211 to discharge the gas in the content tank 01 through the first exhaust pipe 121.

[0082] (3) transporting the liquid outward through the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111, and sampling and testing the liquid before transporting;

[0083] Open the sampling valve 82 to sample the liquid in the content tank 01.

[0084] If qualified, the control system 03 opens the first boosting valve 411 and the second boosting valve 421, and the liquid enters the container after being vaporized by the booster 43 for boosting, and / or opens the third boosting valve 461 to inject gas into the content tank 01 for boosting, and stops boosting after reaching the target pressure; the control system 03 opens the inlet and outlet valves 1111 to transport the liquid, and controls the liquid transport speed by controlling the pressure of the content tank 01;

[0085] Stop delivery when unqualified.

[0086] There are two ways to transport liquid media in containers with strong liquid discharge capabilities, as follows:

[0087] First: Liquid pump delivery: When a container uses a liquid pump for delivery, the control system 03 first controls the pressurization system 04, using self-pressurization or external pressurization to increase the pressure of the content tank 01 to the target pressure and maintain the pressure stable. Then, the second exhaust valve 1113 is opened to discharge the gas in the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 111 to a qualified level. On the one hand, this prevents the gas from affecting the output flow of the liquid pump; on the other hand, it improves the safety of liquid delivery. Because the medium may be a flammable medium such as methane, a mixture of gaseous methane and liquid methane may explode under certain conditions. Then, the inlet and outlet valves 1111 are opened to discharge the liquid, and the liquid filling speed is controlled by the liquid pump.

[0088] Second: Liquid squeeze filling: The control system 03 first controls the boosting system 04, uses the external boosting method to increase the pressure of the content tank 01 to the target pressure and keep the pressure stable, then opens the inlet and outlet valves 1111 to discharge the liquid, and controls the filling speed by controlling the pressure of the content tank 01.

[0089] (4) After the liquid in the content tank 01 is delivered or the liquid delivery target is achieved, the control system 03 closes the inlet and outlet valves 1111 and all the boosting valves to stop the liquid delivery.

[0090] It should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", and "middle" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0091] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0092] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-volume cryogenic vacuum vessel, which is arranged horizontally and is characterized by: It includes a content tank and an outer shell, the content tank includes a horizontally placed straight cylinder and a first elliptical head and a second elliptical head respectively sealed with both ends of the straight cylinder, the inner wall of the outer shell is provided with a fixing component, the content tank is arranged in the outer shell through the fixing component to form a vacuum layer with the outer shell, the vacuum layer is filled with pearlescent sand, the first elliptical head is provided with a liquid inlet and outlet pipe installed with an inlet and outlet valve, one end of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe is connected to the content tank, the other end of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe passes through the outer shell, and the liquid inlet and outlet pipe located in the vacuum layer is an inverted U-shaped arrangement, the top of the straight cylinder is provided with a first exhaust pipe installed with a first exhaust valve, and the top of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe located in the vacuum layer is connected to a valve installed a second exhaust pipe of the second exhaust valve; the low-temperature vacuum container is provided with a boosting system and a control system, the boosting system includes a first boosting pipe connected to the bottom end of the straight cylinder, a second boosting pipe connected to the top end of the straight cylinder, and a booster connected between the first boosting pipe and the second boosting pipe, the first boosting pipe and the second boosting pipe are respectively provided with a first boosting valve and a second boosting valve and both pass through the outer shell, the control system controls the storage and discharge of the liquid through the inlet and outlet valves, controls the gas discharge by controlling the first exhaust valve, prevents the liquid inlet and outlet pipes from freezing and gas accumulation by controlling the second exhaust valve, and controls the shell side pressure of the content tank by controlling the first boosting valve, the second boosting valve and the booster.

2. A large-volume cryogenic vacuum container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first boost pipe is further provided with a first pressure sensor, a first temperature sensor and a regulating valve, and the second boost pipe is further provided with a second temperature sensor.

3. The large-volume cryogenic vacuum container according to claim 2, characterized in that: The boosting system further comprises a third boosting pipe equipped with a third boosting valve. One end of the third boosting pipe is connected to the straight cylinder, and the other end of the third boosting pipe passes through the outer shell.

4. A large-volume cryogenic vacuum container according to claim 3, characterized in that: The boosting system further comprises a blow-off pipe connected to the first boosting pipe and a vent pipe connected to the second boosting pipe. The blow-off pipe is provided with a blow-off valve, and the vent pipe is provided with a vent valve.

5. The large-volume cryogenic vacuum container according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a hydraulic monitoring system, which includes a pressure-taking pipe connected to the top of the straight cylinder and equipped with a pressure-taking valve, a pressure gauge and a second pressure sensor connected to the pressure-taking pipe, a liquid-taking pipe connected to the bottom of the straight cylinder and equipped with a liquid-taking valve, and a liquid level gauge, a liquid level sensor and a balancing valve connected between the pressure-taking pipe and the liquid-taking pipe.

6. The large-volume cryogenic vacuum container according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a vacuum monitoring system, which includes a vacuum tube with one end inserted in the vacuum layer and the other end passing through the shell, a vacuum valve and a vacuum measuring port arranged on the vacuum tube and located outside the shell.

7. The large-volume cryogenic vacuum container according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure relief system, which includes a first pressure relief pipe connected to the first exhaust pipe, a three-way valve connected to the end of the first pressure relief pipe, a second pressure relief pipe connected to the other two ports of the three-way valve respectively, and multiple third pressure relief pipes equipped with safety valves connected to the second pressure relief pipe.

8. The large-volume cryogenic vacuum container according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a sampling system, which includes a sampling tube connected to the first elliptical head, the sampling tube passes out of the shell, and a sampling valve is arranged on the sampling tube, and the sampling valve is located outside the shell.

9. The large-volume cryogenic vacuum container according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer wall of the shell is provided with a support assembly, which includes a first saddle, a second saddle and a third saddle arranged in sequence at the bottom of the shell. The second saddle is fixed to the shell, and the first saddle and the third saddle are both slidably arranged with the shell.

10. A method for using the large-volume cryogenic vacuum container according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The following steps are involved: (1) Conduct a comprehensive inspection of large-volume cryogenic vacuum vessels to confirm that all valves are in the closed state; Check the vacuum measuring port to determine whether the vacuum degree of the vacuum layer meets the standard. If not, the control system opens the vacuum valve and evacuates the vacuum layer through the vacuum pipe until the vacuum degree meets the standard. (2) Add liquid to the content tank through the liquid inlet and outlet pipes, and stop adding when the liquid level reaches the target level; The control system opens the inlet and outlet valves, liquid extraction valve, and pressure valve, and the liquid is injected into the content tank through the liquid inlet and outlet pipes. The liquid level sensor monitors the liquid level value in real time. When the liquid level reaches the target range, the filling is stopped and the control system closes the inlet and outlet valves to store the liquid. The second pressure sensor monitors the pressure in the content tank in real time. When the pressure exceeds the limit, the control system opens the first exhaust valve to discharge the gas in the content tank through the first exhaust pipe. (3) transporting the liquid outward through the liquid inlet and outlet pipes, and sampling and testing the liquid before transportation; Open the sampling valve to sample the liquid in the tank. If qualified, the control system opens the first and second boosting valves, and the liquid is vaporized by the booster and enters the container for boosting, and / or opens the third boosting valve to inject gas into the content tank for boosting, and stops boosting after reaching the target pressure; the control system opens the inlet and outlet valves to transport the liquid, and controls the liquid delivery speed by controlling the pressure in the content tank; Stop delivery when unqualified; (4) After the liquid in the content tank is delivered or the liquid delivery target is achieved, the control system closes the inlet and outlet valves and all booster valves to stop liquid delivery.

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