Portable marine environment multi-parameter observation system based on mobile phone and working method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of marine environment monitoring, and particularly discloses a mobile phone-based portable marine environment multi-parameter observation system and a working method.The mobile phone-based portable marine environment multi-parameter observation system comprises a protective shell and a mobile phone, the protective shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell, the upper shell and the lower shell are connected in a sealed mode, a rubber sleeve is arranged in the lower shell, and the mobile phone is installed in the rubber sleeve; an anchoring ring is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the lower shell and connected with an anchoring mechanism. A hardware unit and a software unit are arranged in the mobile phone, the software unit processes and analyzes collected data of the hardware unit, the hardware unit is provided with a communication module, and the mobile phone is wirelessly connected with the data processing platform through the communication module; according to the invention, intelligent mobile phone hardware which is popularized and high in cost performance is fully utilized, the cost of core equipment is far lower than that of a special marine instrument, the shell is relatively simple in design, the system is small in size, light in weight, easy to carry by a single person, rapid in laying and recycling, and extremely high in deployment flexibility; a single device can simultaneously observe various important ocean and meteorological parameters, so that the observation efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine environment monitoring, and in particular to a portable marine environment multi-parameter observation system based on a mobile phone and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Conventional ocean environment observation equipment (such as wave buoys, tide gauges, and weather stations) typically relies on specially designed sensors (such as accelerometers, pressure sensors, and GNSS receivers) and data acquisition and transmission systems. These devices generally have the following significant drawbacks:

[0003] (1) High cost: The core sensors (such as professional GNSS receivers, high-precision accelerometers, pressure sensors), dedicated data collectors, sealed pressure-resistant housings, and satellite / private network communication modules make the entire set of equipment expensive.

[0004] (2) Large size and weight: Deployment, recovery and maintenance require a lot of manpower and material support, and the mobility is poor.

[0005] (3) Poor communication flexibility: Dependence on satellites or specific communication networks results in high communication costs and potentially limited real-time performance.

[0006] (4) Single function / low integration: A single device can usually only observe a limited number of parameters.

[0007] Modern smartphones integrate a variety of high-performance, high-sensitivity sensors (such as high-precision GNSS modules, MEMS three-axis accelerometers, three-axis gyroscopes, three-axis magnetometers, barometers, microphones, and cameras). They also possess powerful computing capabilities, large storage capacities, and flexible wireless communication methods (cellular networks, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth). Sensor performance continues to improve, while costs continue to decline.

[0008] While smartphone hardware capabilities and data processing potential are enormous, there is a lack of a purpose-built, systematic solution for their direct application in demanding marine environmental monitoring, particularly for achieving precise observations of parameters such as waves, water levels, and weather, and for real-time feedback. Existing waterproof phone cases are merely simple protective devices that fail to meet the requirements for stable fixation, reliable anchoring, data continuity, and algorithm processing required for marine observation. Therefore, a portable, low-cost, in-situ marine environmental multi-parameter observation system and data processing method based on smartphone sensors and wireless communication capabilities is needed to address the high cost, bulk, weight, deployment difficulties, inflexible communications, and low functional integration of conventional marine observation equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a portable mobile phone-based marine environment multi-parameter observation system and operating method. This system utilizes the rich built-in sensors and powerful computing and communication capabilities of smartphones, combined with a specially designed protective fixed housing and customized data processing algorithms, to achieve low-cost, convenient, in-situ real-time observation and data transmission of multiple environmental parameters, including sea surface wave parameters (wave height, wave period, wave direction, directional spectrum), sea level, and air pressure. This system is suitable for real-time monitoring and data transmission of the sea surface dynamic environment (waves, water level) and meteorological parameters (air pressure, etc.) in scenarios such as nearshore waters, islands, and ship-assisted observation.

[0010] The present invention solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solution: a portable marine environment multi-parameter observation system based on a mobile phone, comprising a protective housing and a mobile phone, wherein the protective housing comprises an upper shell and a lower shell, the upper shell and the lower shell are sealed together, a rubber sleeve is provided in the lower shell, and the mobile phone is installed in the rubber sleeve, an anchor ring is fixedly provided on the outer bottom of the lower shell, and the anchor ring is connected to the anchor mechanism;

[0011] The mobile phone has built-in hardware units and software units. The software unit processes and analyzes the data collected by the hardware unit. The hardware unit is equipped with a communication module, and the mobile phone is wirelessly connected to the data processing platform through the communication module.

[0012] Specifically, the protective shell is injection molded from PC and ABS alloy, the upper shell is transparent, a groove is provided at the connection between the upper shell and the lower shell, a sealing rubber ring is embedded in the groove, and the upper shell and the lower shell are connected by quick-release bolts.

[0013] Specifically, a counterweight block is provided at the inner bottom of the lower shell, and the counterweight block adopts a battery. A plurality of solar panels are installed in the upper shell, and the solar panels are connected to the battery.

[0014] Specifically, fixed buckles are provided on both sides of the rubber sleeve, the fixed buckles are clamped on both sides of the mobile phone, and fillers are provided on the outer periphery of the rubber sleeve.

[0015] Specifically, the hardware unit includes a multi-sensor array, a data processing module, a communication module, an internal storage module and a built-in battery module. The multi-sensor array includes but is not limited to a GNSS chip, a three-axis MEMS accelerometer, a three-axis MEMS gyroscope, a three-axis magnetometer, and a barometer. The data processing module includes a mobile phone central processing unit CPU and a graphics processing unit GPU. The communication module includes but is not limited to a cellular network, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth.

[0016] Specifically, the software unit is an application software installed on a mobile phone, which is equipped with a sensor data acquisition control module, a real-time data processing and analysis module, a data management module, a user configuration and management module, a wireless communication control module and a remote interaction interface. The real-time data processing and analysis module includes a basic physical quantity acquisition submodule and an ocean dynamic parameter extraction submodule.

[0017] Specifically, the basic physical quantity acquisition submodule performs calculations based on the original multi-sensor array, and the ocean dynamic parameter extraction submodule includes wave parameter extraction and sea surface height estimation. Wave parameter extraction utilizes the device elevation information measured by the GNSS chip, the motion speed and / or three-axis acceleration data measured by the GNSS chip, and calculates the significant wave height SWH, mean wave period MWP, peak period DP, main wave direction MWD, wave direction spread DS and directional frequency spectrum through time-frequency analysis and / or spectral analysis methods. The time-frequency analysis uses Fourier transform or wavelet transform to calculate the significant wave height SWH, mean wave period MWP, peak period DP, main wave direction MWD, wave direction spread DS and directional frequency spectrum. The algorithm specifically processes the coupling relationship between the mobile phone platform motion and wave information. The mobile phone platform motion includes but is not limited to three-dimensional motion affected by waves.

[0018] Sea surface height estimation integrates GNSS chip elevation and calibrated barometer data, which are cross-checked or fused to provide a relatively stable instantaneous sea surface height reference. This height is used to monitor tidal changes. GNSS chip elevation is processed using a dynamic positioning algorithm such as RTK or PPP, and corrected for antenna phase center deviation and solid tide and tidal loads. Calibrated barometer data needs to be converted to sea level pressure (MSL) and compensated.

[0019] Specifically, the data processing platform includes a user terminal, a server, and a database. The server is wirelessly connected to a mobile phone, the database stores data, and the user terminal receives and displays the observation data of the mobile phone.

[0020] Specifically, the anchoring mechanism uses an anchoring weight or a vessel, the anchoring weight is connected to an anchoring ring and a buoy by a cable, the anchoring weight is sunk to the bottom of the water to observe the marine environment at a fixed position, and the mobile phone is wirelessly connected to the server of the data processing platform via a cellular network;

[0021] The ship is connected to the buoy through a cable, and the buoy is connected to the anchor ring through a cable. The ship drives the protective shell and the mobile phone to move and observe the marine environment. The mobile phone is connected to the Wi-Fi router on the ship through a Wi-Fi signal, and the Wi-Fi router is connected to the user end.

[0022] A working method of a portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system based on a mobile phone, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1. System deployment preparation: Place the mobile phone in a dedicated protective housing, ensure it is securely fixed and reliably connected to the anchor mechanism, launch the mobile phone application, and configure the multi-sensor array parameters, including sampling rate, data processing algorithm parameters, target server information, return strategy, and local storage strategy, through the application interface or remote connection.

[0024] S2. Ocean deployment and start-up observation: The device is connected to the buoy through the anchor ring, and the buoy is connected to the anchor weight or ship. After deployment in the target sea area, the device starts to work automatically.

[0025] S3. Real-time Data Acquisition and Processing: The application software continuously collects raw sensor data from the GNSS chip, three-axis MEMS accelerometer, three-axis MEMS gyroscope, three-axis magnetometer, and barometer. Efficient real-time processing is performed on the phone: the device's position, velocity, and attitude are calculated, and calibration pressure data is read and compensated. Based on these results, the ocean dynamic parameter extraction submodule uses core algorithms to calculate wave parameters, including wave height, period, and directional spectrum, and estimates instantaneous sea surface height. The extraction process of the ocean dynamic parameter extraction submodule is as follows:

[0026] S31. After the equipment is placed in water, the mobile phone application software starts the ocean dynamic parameter extraction thread.

[0027] S32, raw data acquisition: call the mobile phone GNSS chip to obtain the original dual-frequency carrier phase, pseudorange and Doppler observations at a sampling rate of 2Hz, and synchronously read the raw data of the three-axis MEMS accelerometer and barometer.

[0028] S33, data solution: Run single point positioning, carrier phase differential velocity measurement or Doppler velocity measurement algorithm, combined with the output of the accelerometer, to obtain high-precision device velocity results. Use high-precision velocity as a constraint to re-solve the device position and obtain a high-precision device coordinate time series.

[0029] S34, signal segmentation: Divide the continuous high-frequency sequence into fixed-length data segments, and set the overlap rate between segments to 50%.

[0030] S35, filtering and denoising: using zero-phase digital filter bank to eliminate interference: 1) low-frequency drift suppression, 4th-order IIR high-pass filter, 2) high-frequency noise removal, 8th-order Chebyshev low-pass filter,

[0031] S36, quality judgment: perform double verification mechanism, check signal integrity rate and effective wave period ratio to judge whether the above solved signal meets the quality requirements,

[0032] S37, Wave parameter extraction: Perform directional spectrum estimation on qualified signal segments: Use Welch method to calculate power spectrum density, non-directional parameter calculation: Tp =argmax f S(f),

[0033] Directional spectrum analysis, based on three-axis motion data:

[0034] a. Use the extended eigenvector method (EMEP) to estimate the directional distribution function D(θ,f),

[0035] b. Calculate the main wave direction: θ dom =argmax θ ∫D(θ,f)df,

[0036] c. Directional dispersion coefficient:

[0037] S38, storage or return: data is continuously stored in the built-in memory, including original data, three-dimensional coordinates and speed, wave parameters, and is returned in real time when the cellular network is unobstructed.

[0038] S39, end: release system resources and return to step S32 to perform next cycle acquisition, forming a closed-loop monitoring process;

[0039] S4. Data storage and management: Store the original data, intermediate results and final observation parameters in the internal storage module of the mobile phone;

[0040] S5. Real-time or quasi-real-time data transmission: Based on the preset configuration, the application software uses the mobile phone's wireless communication module. The communication module automatically selects the optimal path: cellular network as the main method, Wi-Fi or Bluetooth as the auxiliary method. The mobile phone transmits the observation data to the designated remote server according to the set interval or event trigger conditions. The observation data includes raw data and processing results.

[0041] S6. Remote Monitoring and Application: Users connect to the remote server through a web browser or client APP to view the dynamic data and equipment status of each observation point in real time. The dynamic data includes numerical values, curves, and graphs. The backend platform server provides interfaces for data analysis, plotting, exporting, and integration into other scientific research or business systems. Users can remotely modify equipment configurations, such as adjusting the sampling rate, shutting down certain sensors, and changing the return strategy.

[0042] S7. System recovery and maintenance: After completing the observation mission, recover the equipment, dismantle the protective shell, take out the mobile phone, download the complete historical data, and perform maintenance for next use.

[0043] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] The portable mobile phone-based ocean environment multi-parameter observation system and working method designed in the present invention greatly reduce costs: it fully utilizes the popular and cost-effective smartphone hardware (sensors, processors, communication modules), the core equipment cost is much lower than that of dedicated ocean instruments, and the shell design is relatively simple.

[0045] The mobile phone-based portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system and working method designed in the present invention are highly portable: the system is small in size and light in weight, easy for one person to carry, quickly deployed (such as directly thrown from a small boat) and recovered, and has extremely high deployment flexibility.

[0046] The portable mobile phone-based ocean environment multi-parameter observation system and working method designed by the present invention are highly functionally integrated: a single device can simultaneously observe multiple important ocean and meteorological parameters (waves, water level, air pressure, etc.), significantly improving observation efficiency.

[0047] The portable mobile phone-based marine environment multi-parameter observation system and working method designed by the present invention have strong real-time data: by utilizing the mature wireless communication technology of smart phones (mainly cellular networks), remote in-situ real-time / quasi-real-time return of observation data is achieved, solving the problem of data recovery lag in traditional equipment.

[0048] The mobile phone-based portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system and working method designed in the present invention are convenient and flexible to operate: users can remotely configure device parameters and monitor data results and device status in real time through an intuitive APP or Web interface without the need for on-site intervention.

[0049] The portable mobile phone-based multi-parameter ocean environment observation system and working method designed by the present invention have a wide range of applicability: they are particularly suitable for nearshore refined monitoring, island automatic station supplementation, emergency monitoring, popularization of teaching and scientific research, and self-sustaining observation of small and medium-sized ships.

[0050] The portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system based on a mobile phone and the working method designed by the present invention are easy to maintain: the core component (mobile phone) is easy to replace and upgrade, and the maintenance requirements of the shell are low.

[0051] The mobile phone-based portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system and working method designed in the present invention promotes observation networking: its low cost makes it possible to deploy dense observation nodes on a large scale, forming a nearshore ocean environment monitoring network with high temporal and spatial resolution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 This is the overall architecture diagram of the portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system based on mobile phones.

[0053] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the protective shell.

[0054] Figure 3 It is a top view of the protective shell.

[0055] Figure 4 This is a module logic diagram of the working method of the portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system based on mobile phones.

[0056] Figure 5 This is the flow chart of ocean dynamic parameter extraction.

[0057] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the system's anchoring mechanism deployed in an anchoring manner.

[0058] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the system's anchoring mechanism deployed in a drifting manner.

[0059] In the figure: 1. Protective shell; 101. Upper shell; 102. Lower shell; 103. Sealing rubber ring; 104. Quick-release bolt; 105. Solar panel; 106. Fixing buckle; 107. Rubber sleeve; 108. Counterweight; 109. Filler; 110-Anchor ring; 2. Mobile phone; 201. Hardware unit; 202. Software unit; 3. Data processing platform; 301. User terminal; 302. Server; 303. Database; 4. Anchoring mechanism; 401. Cable; 402. Float; 403. Anchoring weight; 404. Internet; 405. Vessel; 406. Wi-Fi router. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely further describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, a portable marine environment multi-parameter observation system based on a mobile phone includes a protective shell 1, a mobile phone 2, a data processing platform 3 and an anchoring mechanism 4. The protective shell 1 includes an upper shell 101 and a lower shell 102, which are sealed together. The protective shell 1 is injection-molded using PC and ABS alloy. The upper shell 101 is transparent. A groove is provided at the connection between the upper shell 101 and the lower shell 102, and a sealing rubber ring 103 is embedded in the groove. The upper shell 101 and the lower shell 102 are connected by a quick-release bolt 104.

[0062] A rubber sleeve 107 is provided in the lower shell 102 , and the mobile phone 2 is installed in the rubber sleeve 107 . Fixed buckles 106 are provided on both sides of the rubber sleeve 107 . The fixed buckles 106 adopt a car-mounted mobile phone holder. The fixed buckles 106 are clamped on both sides of the mobile phone 2 . A filler 109 is provided on the periphery of the rubber sleeve 107 .

[0063] A counterweight 108 is provided at the bottom inner side of the lower shell 102 , and the counterweight 108 is a battery. A plurality of solar panels 105 are installed in the upper shell 101 , and the solar panels 105 are connected to the battery.

[0064] An anchor ring 110 is fixedly provided on the outer bottom of the lower shell 102, and the anchor ring 110 is connected to the anchor mechanism 4. The anchor mechanism 4 uses an anchor weight 403 (for anchoring deployment) or a vessel 405 (for drifting deployment). When deployed in the anchoring mode, the anchor weight 403 is connected to the anchor ring 110 and the buoy 402 using a cable 401. The anchor weight 403 sinks to the bottom of the water to observe the marine environment from a fixed position. The mobile phone 2 is wirelessly connected to the server 302 of the data processing platform 3 via a cellular network.

[0065] When deployed in a drifting manner, the vessel 405 is connected to the buoy 402 via a cable 401, and the buoy 402 is connected to the anchor ring 110 via a cable 401. The vessel 405 drives the protective shell 1 and the mobile phone 2 to move and observe the marine environment. The mobile phone 2 is connected to the Wi-Fi router 406 on the vessel via a Wi-Fi signal, and the Wi-Fi router 406 is connected to the user terminal 301.

[0066] The mobile phone 2 has a built-in hardware unit 201 and a software unit 202 . The software unit 202 processes and analyzes the data collected by the hardware unit 201 . The hardware unit 201 is provided with a communication module. The mobile phone 2 is wirelessly connected to the data processing platform 3 via the communication module.

[0067] The hardware unit 201 includes a multi-sensor array, a data processing module, a communication module, an internal storage module and a built-in battery module. The multi-sensor array includes but is not limited to a GNSS chip, a three-axis MEMS accelerometer, a three-axis MEMS gyroscope, a three-axis magnetometer, and a barometer. The data processing module includes a mobile phone central processing unit CPU and a graphics processing unit GPU. The communication module includes but is not limited to a cellular network, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth.

[0068] The software unit 202 is an application software installed on the mobile phone. The application software is equipped with a sensor data acquisition control module, a real-time data processing and analysis module, a data management module, a user configuration and management module, a wireless communication control module and a remote interaction interface. The real-time data processing and analysis module includes a basic physical quantity acquisition submodule and an ocean dynamic parameter extraction submodule.

[0069] The data processing platform 3 includes a user terminal 301 , a server 302 , and a database 303 . The server 302 is wirelessly connected to the mobile phone 2 . The database 303 stores data. The user terminal 301 receives and displays the observation data of the mobile phone 2 .

[0070] The specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0071] Dedicated protective fixed housing unit: The protective housing 1 is made of a material with excellent seawater corrosion resistance and impact resistance (for example, engineering plastics such as PC, ABS or metal alloys such as aluminum alloy, and surface treated), is 2mm thick by injection molding, and has a size suitable for mobile phones (160×75×15mm inner cavity). It adopts a split sealing design (such as the upper and lower covers, and the front and rear covers are connected by O-rings / gaskets and quick-release fasteners). A 2mm fluororubber O-ring is embedded in the groove at the junction of the upper shell 101 and the lower shell 102, and is pressurized and sealed by quick-release bolts 104. It meets the IP68 waterproof rating, facilitates quick disassembly and replacement of mobile phones or maintenance, and provides sufficient buoyancy for the device to enable it to float on the sea surface for a long time.

[0072] Internal structure: The inner cavity of the protective shell 1 is equipped with a hard buckle structure and / or high-viscosity shock-absorbing buffer strips / foam pads that precisely match the size of mainstream smartphones. Eight nylon buckles are set on the four walls of the inner cavity to lock the phone frame. A 3mm silicone buffer pad is attached to the bottom as a rubber sleeve 107 to ensure that the mobile phone 2 is firmly restrained and will not move or roll even in a violent shaking state.

[0073] Anchoring structure: The outer shell body is provided with an integrated anchoring ring / point (for example, a solid metal hanging ring on the side or bottom), and a bottom stainless steel D-shaped ring (anchoring ring 110) with a tensile strength of ≥500kgf, which is used to connect a cable or a floating mooring device to facilitate deployment (such as casting, lifting) and recovery.

[0074] Power Management: A solar charging panel is integrated into the top of the housing. Three 3W solar panels (105mm) are integrated and connected to the bottom battery via a matching cable. This works in conjunction with the housing's built-in power management module and expandable battery pack. An external battery is placed at the bottom of the fixed housing and connected to the phone charging port via a cable. This provides additional power for the phone and also maintains the device's center of gravity at the bottom through counterweights. This allows for continuous power to the smartphone via a wired connection (e.g., USB-C), significantly extending working time at sea.

[0075] Hardware unit 201 of mobile phone 2: Select a smartphone with the required sensors, such as Samsung Galaxy S23 (or other Android phones that support dual-frequency GNSS signals and support raw GNSS data output, such as Huawei Mate60 Pro, Redmi K80 Pro, OnePlus Ace 3, etc.), integrated with: dual-frequency GNSS receiver (supporting GPS L1 / L5, Galileo E1 / E5a, BDSB1I / B2a), three-axis MEMS accelerometer (range ±8g, sampling rate ≥10Hz), three-axis MEMS gyroscope (range ±2000dps), barometer pressure sensor (BMP581, resolution 0.01hPa), cellular network module (supporting 4G LTE Cat.20), and 4000mAh battery.

[0076] Data processing core: mobile phone central processing unit (CPU) and graphics processing unit (GPU).

[0077] Wireless communication module: cellular network (4G / 5G), Wi-Fi (802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax), Bluetooth (BLE).

[0078] Internal storage unit: used to temporarily store raw sensor data and processing results.

[0079] Battery Unit: Built-in power source (can be supplemented by the enclosure power management module).

[0080] Dedicated application (APP) software unit 202: installed on the smartphone operating system, including the following key functional modules:

[0081] Sensor Data Acquisition Control Module: Configures and controls the sampling frequency, accuracy mode, and data output format (including raw pseudorange, carrier phase, Doppler, raw acceleration, angular velocity, and pressure) of the built-in sensors (GNSS, accelerometer, gyroscope, and barometer). GNSS raw observations (pseudorange, carrier phase, Doppler), acceleration, angular velocity, and pressure are sampled at 2Hz.

[0082] Real-time data processing and analysis module: The core module includes equipment position and speed calculation, filtering and denoising, wave parameter extraction, etc.

[0083] Basic Physical Quantity Acquisition Submodule: Calculations based on raw sensor data: GNSS observation data (pseudorange, carrier phase) is used to calculate the device's position (latitude, longitude, elevation) and time (timestamp). GNSS Doppler velocimetry or carrier phase differential velocimetry is used to calculate the device's velocity. Data from the accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer (or GNSS heading) are integrated to calculate the device's three-axis attitude angles (roll, pitch, and heading) in real time using attitude calculation algorithms (such as complementary filtering and Kalman filtering). Barometer data is directly read, optionally with temperature compensation, to obtain barometric pressure.

[0084] Ocean Dynamic Parameter Extraction Submodule: Wave Parameter Extraction: Utilizing measured device elevation (from GNSS), velocity (primarily from GNSS), and / or triaxial acceleration data (gravity-decoupled), this module calculates significant wave height (SWH), mean wave period (MWP), peak period (DP), dominant wave direction (MWD), directional spread (DS), and directional frequency spectrum through time-frequency analysis (e.g., Fourier transform, wavelet transform) and / or spectral analysis. The algorithm specifically addresses the coupling between smartphone platform motion (e.g., three-dimensional motion affected by waves) and wave information. Sea Surface Height Estimation: GNSS elevation (processed using dynamic positioning algorithms such as RTK and PPP, and corrected for antenna phase center deviation and solid tide and tidal loading) and calibrated barometer data (converted to sea level pressure (MSL) and compensated) are cross-checked or fused to provide a relatively stable instantaneous sea surface height reference. This height can be used to monitor tidal changes.

[0085] Data management module: stores raw data, intermediate processing results and final results (with timestamp and location information).

[0086] User Configuration and Management Module: Provides a graphical user interface (GUI) that allows users to remotely (or pre-deployment) configure: sensor sampling interval and accuracy requirements; data processing algorithm parameters (such as filter window width and spectrum analysis segment length); data transmission interval (timing, triggering), destination server address and port; communication method selection (preferring cellular, switching to Bluetooth / Wi-Fi to shore base station / buoy gateway when no signal is available); and local storage strategy.

[0087] Wireless communication control module: Automatically manages mobile phone communication links and selects the optimal communication method (cellular network -> Wi-Fi -> Bluetooth) based on signal strength, user settings, and policies to reliably transmit configuration information, observation data, and status information to a designated remote server or receive instructions. Compressed data packets are transmitted back every hour via the 4G / 5G network (preferably networks with RSRP > -100dBm).

[0088] Remote Interaction Interface: Supports standard communication protocols (such as HTTP and MQTT), allowing authorized users to access data deployed on remote servers (real-time streaming and historical queries) through a web browser or dedicated client app, and view real-time monitoring results (values, graphs, spectra), alarm information, and device status (battery level, location, communication status). Users can also remotely modify device configurations through this interface.

[0089] Remote Data Processing and Application Platform: Serves as the backend for the entire system. Server: Receives and stores data from multiple observation nodes. User Interface: Provides data visualization (charts and maps), analysis tools (statistical analysis, post-processing), and download and export capabilities. Management Platform: Supports user and device management, status monitoring, and alarm management.

[0090] like Figure 4 As shown, a working method of a portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system based on a mobile phone includes the following steps:

[0091] 1. System deployment preparation: Place the mobile phone in a dedicated protective casing, ensure that the phone is firmly fixed and reliably connected to the anchor mechanism, start the mobile phone application software, and configure the multi-sensor array parameters through the application software interface or remote connection, including sampling rate, data processing algorithm parameters, target server information, return strategy, and local storage strategy.

[0092] 2. Ocean deployment and start-up observation: Connect the device to the buoy through the anchor ring, and the buoy is connected to the anchor weight or ship. Deploy it to the target sea area and the device starts to work automatically.

[0093] 3. Real-time data acquisition and processing: The application software continuously collects raw sensor data from the GNSS chip (raw pseudorange, carrier phase, Doppler, etc.), three-axis MEMS accelerometer, three-axis MEMS gyroscope, three-axis magnetometer, and barometer; and performs efficient real-time processing on the mobile phone: calculating the device's position, velocity, and attitude, reading and compensating the calibration pressure data. Based on these results, the ocean dynamic parameter extraction submodule uses core algorithms (time-frequency / spectral analysis) to calculate wave parameters, including wave height, period, and directional spectrum, and estimate the instantaneous sea surface height.

[0094] 4. Data storage and management: Store the original data, intermediate results and final observation parameters (with timestamp and location information) in the internal storage module of the mobile phone.

[0095] 5. Real-time or quasi-real-time data transmission: According to the preset configuration, the application software uses the mobile phone's wireless communication module, and the communication module automatically selects the optimal path: cellular network as the main method, Wi-Fi or Bluetooth as the auxiliary method. The mobile phone transmits the observation data to the designated remote server according to the set interval or event trigger conditions. The observation data includes raw data and processing results.

[0096] 6. Remote monitoring and application: Users connect to the remote server through a web browser or client APP to view the dynamic data and equipment status of each observation point in real time. The dynamic data includes numerical values, curves, and graphs. The backend platform server provides interfaces (such as API) for data analysis, drawing, export, and integration into other scientific research or business systems. Users can remotely modify equipment configurations, such as adjusting the sampling rate, turning off certain sensors, and changing the return strategy.

[0097] 7. System recovery and maintenance: After completing the observation mission, recover the equipment, remove the protective shell, take out the mobile phone, download the complete historical data (if not fully transmitted back), and perform maintenance (such as cleaning and charging) for next use.

[0098] like Figure 5 As shown in Figure 2, the extraction process of the ocean dynamic parameter extraction submodule is as follows:

[0099] 1. Start: After the device is placed in water, the mobile application software starts the ocean dynamic parameter extraction thread.

[0100] 2. Raw data acquisition: The mobile phone GNSS chip is used to obtain raw dual-frequency carrier phase, pseudorange, and Doppler observations at a 2Hz sampling rate, and the raw data of the three-axis MEMS accelerometer (±8g range) and barometer (0.01hPa resolution) are simultaneously read.

[0101] 3. Data solution: Run single-point positioning, carrier phase differential velocity measurement, or Doppler velocity measurement algorithms, combined with the output of the accelerometer, to obtain high-precision device velocity results. Using high-precision velocity as a constraint, re-solve the device position to obtain a high-precision device coordinate time series.

[0102] 4. Signal segmentation: Split the continuous high-frequency sequence into fixed-length data segments: Standard mode: 256 sampling points / segment (corresponding to 128 seconds); Typhoon mode: 512 sampling points / segment (the app automatically switches based on the acceleration amplitude); the overlap rate between segments is set to 50% (meeting the requirements of ISO 19901-9 standard for spectral analysis).

[0103] 5. Filtering and denoising: A zero-phase digital filter bank is used to eliminate interference: 1) Low-frequency drift suppression, 4th-order IIR high-pass filter (cut-off frequency 0.05 Hz); 2) High-frequency noise removal, 8th-order Chebyshev low-pass filter (cut-off frequency 0.5 Hz).

[0104] 6. Quality judgment: Execute a double verification mechanism to check the signal integrity rate (≥90%) and the effective wave period ratio (≥70%) to determine whether the above-solved signal meets the quality requirements.

[0105] 7. Wave parameter extraction: Perform directional spectrum estimation on qualified signal segments: use the Welch method to calculate the power spectrum density (Hamming window, 50% overlap), non-directional parameter calculation: T p =argmax f S(f). Directional spectrum analysis, based on three-axis motion data:

[0106] a. Use the extended eigenvector method (EMEP) to estimate the directional distribution function D(θ,f);

[0107] b. Calculate the main wave direction: θ dom =argmax θ ∫D(θ,f)df;

[0108] c. Directional dispersion coefficient:

[0109] 8. Storage or return: Data is continuously stored in the built-in memory, including raw data, three-dimensional coordinates and speed, wave parameters, and is returned in real time when the cellular network is unobstructed (MQTT protocol).

[0110] 9. End: Release system resources and return to step S32 to perform next cycle collection, forming a closed-loop monitoring process.

[0111] Specific embodiment: Figure 6 As shown, deployment and data return.

[0112] Scenario 1 (Buoy Deployment):

[0113] The protective housing 1 is anchored to a spherical buoy with a diameter of 40 cm. The buoy 402 is connected to a seabed anchoring weight 403 via a cable 401. The mobile phone 2 works continuously for 48 hours.

[0114] Data link: Real-time return path: mobile cellular network → China Mobile base station → Alibaba Cloud server → user end 301.

[0115] Remote control: Dynamically adjust the sampling rate through the web management platform (such as increasing it to 5Hz during typhoons).

[0116] 1. Dynamic environmental adaptability verification: In actual measurements in Zhoushan waters (wave height 0.5-3m), the correlation coefficient between the GNSS chip elevation and the wave buoy was >0.92 (RMSE = 0.15m).

[0117] 2. Power consumption optimization verification: In continuous monitoring mode (transmitting data once per hour), the phone's average daily power consumption is less than 30%, and the solar panel (3W) can maintain long-term operation.

[0118] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Anyone should be aware that any structural changes made under the guidance of the present invention, and any technical solutions that are the same or similar to those of the present invention, fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0119] The technology, shape, and structure not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system based on a mobile phone, characterized in that: The protective housing comprises an upper shell and a lower shell, the upper shell and the lower shell are sealed and connected, a rubber sleeve is provided in the lower shell, the mobile phone is installed in the rubber sleeve, and an anchor ring is fixedly provided on the outer bottom of the lower shell, and the anchor ring is connected to the anchor mechanism; The mobile phone has built-in hardware units and software units. The software unit processes and analyzes the data collected by the hardware unit. The hardware unit is equipped with a communication module, and the mobile phone is wirelessly connected to the data processing platform through the communication module.

2. The portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system based on mobile phone according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The protective shell is injection molded from PC and ABS alloy, the upper shell is transparent, the connection between the upper shell and the lower shell is provided with a groove, a sealing rubber ring is embedded in the groove, and the upper shell and the lower shell are connected by quick-release bolts.

3. The portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system based on mobile phone according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A counterweight block is provided at the bottom inner side of the lower shell, and the counterweight block adopts a battery. A plurality of solar panels are installed in the upper shell, and the solar panels are connected to the battery.

4. The portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system based on a mobile phone according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fixed buckles are provided on both sides of the rubber sleeve, and the fixed buckles are clamped on both sides of the mobile phone. Fillers are provided on the outer periphery of the rubber sleeve.

5. The portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system based on mobile phone according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hardware unit includes a multi-sensor array, a data processing module, a communication module, an internal storage module and a built-in battery module. The multi-sensor array includes but is not limited to a GNSS chip, a three-axis MEMS accelerometer, a three-axis MEMS gyroscope, a three-axis magnetometer, and a barometer. The data processing module includes a mobile phone central processing unit CPU and a graphics processing unit GPU. The communication module includes but is not limited to a cellular network, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth.

6. The portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system based on a mobile phone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The software unit is an application software installed on a mobile phone. The application software is equipped with a sensor data acquisition control module, a real-time data processing and analysis module, a data management module, a user configuration and management module, a wireless communication control module and a remote interaction interface. The real-time data processing and analysis module includes a basic physical quantity acquisition submodule and an ocean dynamic parameter extraction submodule.

7. The portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system based on a mobile phone according to claim 6, characterized in that: The basic physical quantity acquisition submodule performs calculations based on the original multi-sensor array, and the ocean dynamic parameter extraction submodule includes wave parameter extraction and sea surface height estimation. Wave parameter extraction utilizes the device elevation information measured by the GNSS chip, the motion speed and / or triaxial acceleration data measured by the GNSS chip, and calculates the significant wave height SWH, mean wave period MWP, peak period DP, main wave direction MWD, wave direction spread DS and directional frequency spectrum through time-frequency analysis and / or spectral analysis methods. The time-frequency analysis uses Fourier transform or wavelet transform to calculate the significant wave height SWH, mean wave period MWP, peak period DP, main wave direction MWD, wave direction spread DS and directional frequency spectrum. The algorithm specifically processes the coupling relationship between the mobile phone platform motion and wave information. The mobile phone platform motion includes but is not limited to three-dimensional motion affected by waves. Sea surface height estimation integrates GNSS chip elevation and calibrated barometer data, which are cross-checked or fused to provide a relatively stable instantaneous sea surface height reference. This height is used to monitor tidal changes. GNSS chip elevation is processed using a dynamic positioning algorithm such as RTK or PPP, and corrected for antenna phase center deviation and solid tide and tidal loads. Calibrated barometer data needs to be converted to sea level pressure (MSL) and compensated.

8. The portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system based on a mobile phone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing platform includes a user terminal, a server, and a database. The server is wirelessly connected to a mobile phone, the database stores data, and the user terminal receives and displays the observation data of the mobile phone.

9. The portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system based on a mobile phone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring mechanism uses an anchoring weight or a vessel, the anchoring weight is connected to the anchoring ring and the buoy by a cable, the anchoring weight is sunk to the bottom of the water to observe the marine environment at a fixed position, and the mobile phone is wirelessly connected to the server of the data processing platform through the cellular network; The ship is connected to the buoy through a cable, and the buoy is connected to the anchor ring through a cable. The ship drives the protective shell and the mobile phone to move and observe the marine environment. The mobile phone is connected to the Wi-Fi router on the ship through a Wi-Fi signal, and the Wi-Fi router is connected to the user end.

10. The working method of the portable ocean environment multi-parameter observation system based on a mobile phone according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. System deployment preparation: Place the mobile phone in a dedicated protective housing, ensure it is securely fixed and reliably connected to the anchor mechanism, launch the mobile phone application, and configure the multi-sensor array parameters, including sampling rate, data processing algorithm parameters, target server information, return strategy, and local storage strategy, through the application interface or remote connection. S2. Ocean deployment and start-up observation: The device is connected to the buoy through the anchor ring, and the buoy is connected to the anchor weight or ship. After deployment in the target sea area, the device starts to work automatically. S3. Real-time Data Acquisition and Processing: The application software continuously collects raw sensor data from the GNSS chip, three-axis MEMS accelerometer, three-axis MEMS gyroscope, three-axis magnetometer, and barometer. Efficient real-time processing is performed on the phone: the device's position, velocity, and attitude are calculated, and calibration pressure data is read and compensated. Based on these results, the ocean dynamic parameter extraction submodule uses core algorithms to calculate wave parameters, including wave height, period, and directional spectrum, and estimates instantaneous sea surface height. The extraction process of the ocean dynamic parameter extraction submodule is as follows: S31. After the equipment is placed in water, the mobile phone application software starts the ocean dynamic parameter extraction thread. S32, raw data acquisition: call the mobile phone GNSS chip to obtain the original dual-frequency carrier phase, pseudorange and Doppler observations at a sampling rate of 2Hz, and synchronously read the raw data of the three-axis MEMS accelerometer and barometer. S33, data solution: Run single point positioning, carrier phase differential velocity measurement or Doppler velocity measurement algorithm, combined with the output of the accelerometer, to obtain high-precision device velocity results. Use high-precision velocity as a constraint to re-solve the device position and obtain a high-precision device coordinate time series. S34, signal segmentation: Divide the continuous high-frequency sequence into fixed-length data segments, and set the overlap rate between segments to 50%. S35, filtering and denoising: using zero-phase digital filter bank to eliminate interference: 1) low-frequency drift suppression, 4th-order IIR high-pass filter, 2) high-frequency noise removal, 8th-order Chebyshev low-pass filter, S36, quality judgment: perform double verification mechanism, check signal integrity rate and effective wave period ratio to judge whether the above solved signal meets the quality requirements, S37, Wave parameter extraction: Perform directional spectrum estimation on qualified signal segments: Use Welch method to calculate power spectrum density, non-directional parameter calculation: T p =argmax f S(f), Directional spectrum analysis, based on three-axis motion data: a. Use the extended eigenvector method EMEP to estimate the directional distribution function D(θ,f), b. Calculate the main wave direction: θ dom =argmax θ ∫D(θ,f)df, c. Directional dispersion coefficient: S38, storage or return: data is continuously stored in the built-in memory, including original data, three-dimensional coordinates and speed, wave parameters, and is returned in real time when the cellular network is unobstructed. S39, end: release system resources and return to step S32 to perform next cycle acquisition, forming a closed-loop monitoring process; S4. Data storage and management: Store the original data, intermediate results and final observation parameters in the internal storage module of the mobile phone; S5. Real-time or quasi-real-time data transmission: Based on the preset configuration, the application software uses the mobile phone's wireless communication module. The communication module automatically selects the optimal path: cellular network as the main method, Wi-Fi or Bluetooth as the auxiliary method. The mobile phone transmits the observation data to the designated remote server according to the set interval or event trigger conditions. The observation data includes raw data and processing results. S6. Remote Monitoring and Application: Users connect to the remote server through a web browser or client APP to view the dynamic data and equipment status of each observation point in real time. The dynamic data includes numerical values, curves, and graphs. The backend platform server provides interfaces for data analysis, plotting, exporting, and integration into other scientific research or business systems. Users can remotely modify equipment configurations, such as adjusting the sampling rate, shutting down certain sensors, and changing the return strategy. S7. System recovery and maintenance: After completing the observation mission, recover the equipment, dismantle the protective shell, take out the mobile phone, download the complete historical data, and perform maintenance for next use.

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