Intelligent rolling parameter monitoring system suitable for high liquid limit soil

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent rolling parameter monitoring system suitable for high liquid limit soil, and relates to the field of civil engineering construction, and the intelligent rolling parameter monitoring system comprises a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module, an early warning module and an Internet of Things communication module. According to the road roller, key data such as the running speed, the rolling times, the compaction pressure and the soil humidity of the road roller are collected in real time through multiple sensors, and stable transmission of information is ensured through the data collection and transmission module. The data processing module is used for filtering, de-noising and normalizing the data, so that the analysis precision is improved, indexes such as compaction uniformity, water content and rolling times are calculated, a construction quality visualization chart is generated, key parameters in the rolling process are monitored and analyzed in real time, it is ensured that the compaction process meets the standard requirement, and the construction risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering construction, and in particular to an intelligent system suitable for monitoring rolling parameters of high liquid limit soil. Background Art

[0002] High liquid limit soil is a special type of soil with complex engineering properties. Its identification criteria include: a particle content of greater than 50% particles smaller than 0.075mm, a liquid limit greater than 50%, and a plasticity index greater than 26. This type of soil typically contains clay minerals such as montmorillonite, illite, and kaolinite, and is prone to insufficient compaction and uneven settlement during compaction.

[0003] However, in the existing technology, the high water content of high liquid limit soil makes it difficult for the soil to drain and consolidate quickly during the rolling process, resulting in excessive settlement and even local instability in the later stages of construction, affecting the overall stability and durability of the project. In addition, traditional compaction monitoring methods mainly rely on manual observation and experience judgment. Construction personnel judge the compaction quality through visual inspection, manual touch or simple geophysical exploration methods. However, this method is highly subjective and it is difficult to accurately and in real time obtain rolling parameters such as the number of rolling passes, settlement rate, water content changes and soil strength, which can easily make it difficult to ensure construction quality and even lead to insufficient compaction or over-compaction in local areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent system for monitoring the compaction parameters of high liquid limit soil, so as to solve the problem raised in the above background technology that it is difficult to accurately and in real time obtain compaction parameters, such as the number of compaction passes, settlement rate, water content changes and soil strength, which easily makes it difficult to ensure construction quality.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an intelligent system for monitoring compaction parameters of high liquid limit soil, comprising a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module, an early warning module, and an Internet of Things communication module;

[0006] The data acquisition module includes a sensor unit and a data collector. The sensor unit is used to monitor the displacement, pressure and density during the rolling process in real time. The data collector is used to collect data from the sensor unit, perform preliminary processing and buffer the data before transmission, and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the analog signal transmitted by the sensor unit to convert it into a digital signal.

[0007] The data transmission module is used to realize data transmission between the device end and the cloud, and the data transmission module includes a wireless communication unit and a data transmission protocol;

[0008] The data processing module is used to convert the collected and transmitted raw data into effective information that can guide decision-making. The data processing module includes an analysis unit, a storage unit, and a pre-processing unit.

[0009] Preferably, the pre-processing unit is used to filter, denoise and normalize the transmitted data to remove interference and outliers in the data;

[0010] The analysis unit is used to perform in-depth analysis on the pre-processed data;

[0011] The storage unit is used to temporarily store the collected original data and the processed and analyzed data.

[0012] Preferably, the wireless communication unit is used to transmit the data collected by the data collection module to a remote monitoring center or a local display terminal;

[0013] The data transmission protocol is used to package and encode data.

[0014] Preferably, the early warning module includes threshold setting, dynamic threshold adjustment and alarm unit;

[0015] The threshold setting is used to set a reasonable threshold range for each rolling parameter;

[0016] The dynamic threshold adjustment is used to adjust the parameter threshold according to factors such as the real-time monitored ambient temperature and humidity;

[0017] The alarm unit is used to send out an alarm signal.

[0018] Preferably, the IoT communication module includes protocol adaptation, security encryption and cloud storage, wherein the protocol adaptation is used to convert data of different protocols into a unified format;

[0019] The security encryption is used to encrypt the transmitted data;

[0020] The cloud storage is used to provide a safe and reliable large-capacity storage space and cross-departmental collaboration.

[0021] Preferably, the analysis unit includes basic parameters and signal processing;

[0022] The basic parameters include statistical characteristics, time characteristics and spatial characteristics;

[0023] The signal processing is used to analyze the vibration signal, extract the main frequency and energy distribution, and process the displacement signal, and then calculate the acceleration and velocity.

[0024] Preferably, the cloud storage includes data storage, access and collaboration;

[0025] The data storage is used to archive the original data and the processed analysis results for a long time;

[0026] The access and collaboration are used to retrieve data in real time through the network.

[0027] Preferably, the protocol adaptation includes sensor protocols, cloud protocols and industrial protocols;

[0028] The sensor protocol supports lightweight protocols such as Modbus, MQTT-SN, and Zigbee3.0;

[0029] The cloud protocol is used to be compatible with MQTT, CoAP, and HTTP / 2 to achieve two-way communication between the device and the cloud;

[0030] The industrial protocol is used to support direct communication with the road roller and integrates protocols such as OPC UA and DNP.

[0031] Preferably, the sensor unit includes a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor and a density meter;

[0032] The displacement sensor is used to obtain the driving speed and rolling number of the roller in real time;

[0033] The pressure sensor is used to measure the compaction pressure during the rolling process;

[0034] The density measuring device is used to monitor the soil moisture along the travel path of the road roller.

[0035] Preferably, the statistical features are used to calculate compaction uniformity, moisture content and void ratio, as well as to calculate the number of rolling passes and vibration frequency;

[0036] The compaction uniformity is used to reflect the consistency of the compaction effect within the rolling area. The compaction uniformity calculation formula is as follows:

[0037]

[0038] The coefficient of variation of the compaction uniformity is calculated as follows:

[0039]

[0040] Among them, x i The compaction degree or compaction pressure value of each measuring point, is the average value, and n is the number of measurement points.

[0041] The moisture content is used to understand the dynamic changes in soil moisture during rolling, and then determine whether moisture adjustment measures such as watering or airing are needed. The moisture content calculation formula is:

[0042] Soil moisture change rate = (current soil moisture - initial soil moisture) / initial soil moisture × 100%.

[0043] The porosity reflects the structural changes of the soil under rolling. A decrease in porosity means that the soil is more compact. The porosity calculation formula is:

[0044]

[0045] Where e is the porosity ratio;

[0046] The porosity change = porosity before compaction - porosity after compaction.

[0047] The time feature is used to extract rolling speed, construction time and rest time;

[0048] The spatial features are used to generate a regional compaction distribution map and a high-line map of water content in combination with location information.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] 1. In this invention, multiple sensors collect key data such as the roller's speed, number of rolling passes, compaction pressure, and soil moisture in real time. A data acquisition and transmission module ensures stable information transmission. The data processing module filters, removes noise, and normalizes the data to improve analysis accuracy. This allows for calculations of indicators such as compaction uniformity, moisture content, and number of rolling passes, and generates visualization charts of construction quality. This enables real-time monitoring and analysis of key parameters during the compaction process, ensuring that the compaction process meets regulatory requirements and reduces construction risks.

[0051] 2. In this invention, the early warning module proactively identifies construction risks and triggers intervention based on dynamic threshold adjustment, improving construction safety and intelligent management. Furthermore, the IoT communication module provides remote data storage and retrieval, supporting cross-regional collaborative management and ensuring data security. Overall, this system not only improves construction quality and efficiency, but also enhances the controllability and intelligent management capabilities of the construction process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of an intelligent system for monitoring compaction parameters of high liquid limit soil according to the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a system block diagram of a sensor unit and a pre-tightening module of an intelligent system for monitoring compaction parameters of high liquid limit soils according to the present invention.

[0054] In the figure: 1. Data acquisition module; 2. Sensor unit; 3. Data collector; 4. Data transmission module; 5. Wireless communication unit; 6. Data transmission protocol; 7. Data processing module; 8. Analysis unit; 9. Storage unit; 10. Early warning module; 11. Internet of Things communication module; 12. Preprocessing unit; 13. Displacement sensor; 14. Pressure sensor; 15. Density meter; 16. Threshold setting; 17. Dynamic threshold adjustment; 18. Alarm unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] An intelligent system for monitoring compaction parameters of high liquid limit soil, comprising a data acquisition module 1, a data transmission module 4, a data processing module 7, an early warning module 10 and an Internet of Things communication module 11;

[0057] The data acquisition module 1 includes a sensor unit 2 and a data collector 3. The sensor unit 2 is used to monitor displacement, pressure, and density during the rolling process in real time. The data collector 3 collects data from the sensor unit 2 and discretizes the continuously changing analog signals transmitted by the sensor unit 2, converting them into digital signals. These digital signals are presented in the form of binary codes, which can be more conveniently and accurately stored, transmitted, and analyzed in digital systems. The sensor unit includes a displacement sensor 13, a pressure sensor 14, and a density meter 15.

[0058] The displacement sensor 13 is used to obtain the driving speed and number of rolling passes of the roller in real time. The displacement sensor 13 is generally installed on the wheel axle or frame of the roller. When the roller starts to move, the displacement sensor 13 enters the working state and continuously monitors the changes in its own installation position relative to the initial position. The sensing element inside the sensor will convert the displacement change into an electrical signal. When the roller starts to operate in the predetermined rolling area, the displacement sensor 13 records the starting position. As the roller rolls along the predetermined route, each time it completes a round trip from one end of the rolling area to the other, the displacement change path recorded by the displacement sensor 13 will show a specific periodic characteristic.

[0059] The pressure sensor 14 is used to measure the compaction pressure during the rolling process, and uses the principle of piezoresistive effect to convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal for subsequent processing;

[0060] The density meter 15 is used to monitor soil moisture along the roller's travel path. The sensor probe of the density meter 15 is placed in the soil or near the soil surface. When the instrument transmits an electromagnetic pulse, the pulse propagates through the soil medium and is reflected when it encounters an interface between materials with different dielectric constants. The density meter 15 accurately measures the time delay between the emission of the electromagnetic pulse and the reception of the reflected wave. Using the known propagation speed of the electromagnetic pulse in different media and the measured time delay, the dielectric constant of the soil can be calculated.

[0061] The data transmission module 4 is used to realize data transmission between the device end and the cloud, ensuring efficient, stable and secure transmission of the collected data. The data transmission module 4 includes a wireless communication unit 5 and a data transmission protocol 6. The wireless communication unit 5 transmits the data collected by the data acquisition module 1 to a remote monitoring center or a local display terminal. The data transmission protocol 6 packages and encodes the data, and then unpacks and decodes it at the receiving end to restore the data.

[0062] The data processing module 7 includes an analysis unit 8, a storage unit 9 and a pre-processing unit 12. The pre-processing unit 12 filters, denoises and normalizes the transmitted data. By using mean filtering, the average value of all data points in a data window can be calculated, and then the average value is used to replace the data point value at the center of the window to complete the filtering. When denoising, the data containing noise is first subjected to wavelet decomposition to decompose the signal into different frequency sub-bands. Since noise is usually concentrated in high-frequency sub-bands, useful signals are mainly distributed in low-frequency sub-bands. By thresholding the high-frequency sub-band coefficients, the coefficients less than a certain threshold are set to zero, the coefficients corresponding to the noise are removed, and then wavelet reconstruction is performed to obtain the denoised signal, remove interference and outliers in the data, make the data more accurate and reliable, and help improve the accuracy of subsequent analysis;

[0063] Storage unit 9 is used to temporarily store the collected raw data and processed and analyzed data for subsequent query, comparison, and research. Storage unit 9 categorizes and stores data according to key information such as data type and acquisition time. Taking the data collected by displacement sensor 13 as an example, the raw displacement data acquired at different time points will be stored sequentially and the corresponding acquisition moments will be marked to form an ordered data sequence. This facilitates the subsequent tracing of the roller's displacement changes during that time period. When subsequent queries are required, researchers can easily retrieve specific rolling parameters, such as a specific rolling speed or pressure range, to quickly obtain the relevant raw data and corresponding analysis results for comprehensive comparison.

[0064] The analysis unit 8 is used to conduct in-depth analysis of the pre-processed data and determine whether there are any abnormalities in the compaction process. The analysis unit 8 includes basic parameters and signal processing;

[0065] Signal processing is used to analyze vibration signals, extract the main frequency and energy distribution, and process the displacement signal to calculate acceleration and velocity;

[0066] Basic parameters include statistical characteristics, temporal characteristics and spatial characteristics;

[0067] Statistical features are used to calculate compaction uniformity, moisture content and void ratio, as well as to count the number of rolling passes and vibration frequency;

[0068] Time features are used to extract rolling speed, construction duration and rest time;

[0069] Spatial features are used to combine location information to generate regional compaction distribution maps and high-line maps of water content.

[0070] Compaction uniformity is used to reflect the consistency of compaction effect within the rolling area. The calculation formula for compaction uniformity is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] The coefficient of variation of compaction uniformity is calculated as follows:

[0073]

[0074] Among them, x i The compaction degree or compaction pressure value of each measuring point, is the average value, and n is the number of measurement points.

[0075] The moisture content is used to understand the dynamic changes in soil moisture during the rolling process, and then determine whether moisture adjustment measures such as watering or drying are needed. The moisture content calculation formula is:

[0076] Soil moisture change rate = (current soil moisture - initial soil moisture) / initial soil moisture × 100%.

[0077] Porosity reflects the structural changes of soil under rolling. A decrease in porosity means that the soil is more compact. The porosity calculation formula is:

[0078]

[0079] Where e is the porosity ratio;

[0080] Porosity change = porosity before compaction - porosity after compaction.

[0081] The early warning module 10 proactively identifies construction risks and triggers intervention measures by comparing set thresholds with real-time data. The early warning module 10 includes a threshold setting 16, a dynamic threshold adjustment 17, and an alarm unit 18.

[0082] Threshold setting 16 sets the threshold range of each rolling parameter. By setting reasonable and accurate threshold ranges for rolling parameters such as displacement, pressure, density, etc., the rolling process can be monitored in real time. When setting the threshold, multiple factors such as the model of the roller, the characteristics of the rolling material, and the engineering design requirements will be comprehensively considered;

[0083] Dynamic threshold adjustment 17 is used to adjust the parameter threshold according to the real-time monitored environmental temperature, humidity and other factors to ensure that it can be adjusted to a reasonable threshold range under different environmental conditions, thereby improving the adaptability of the early warning;

[0084] The alarm unit 18 is used to send out an alarm signal. The alarm unit 18 includes a field end and a visualization end;

[0085] The field terminal is installed on the vehicle body and displays alarm information in real time on the screen in the cab. It not only displays alarm information in real time but also interconnects with the vehicle body's control system. When an alarm message appears, the field terminal will send a signal to the vehicle body control system according to the preset program to limit or adjust certain operations of the roller;

[0086] The visualization terminal is used for remote positioning and is mainly composed of high-performance hardware equipment and powerful software systems. The hardware is equipped with a high-precision GPS receiver module that can accurately capture satellite signals, thereby achieving precise positioning of the vehicle body equipped with the monitoring equipment. The software system integrates a customized map display program that can combine the acquired positioning information with detailed geographic map data.

[0087] The IoT communication module 11 is used to achieve real-time data transmission and upload all monitoring information to the cloud platform for remote management. The IoT communication module 11 includes protocol adaptation, security encryption and cloud storage;

[0088] Protocol adaptation is used to convert data from different protocols into a unified format. Protocol adaptation includes sensor protocols, cloud protocols, and industrial protocols.

[0089] The sensor protocol is used to support Modbus, MQTT-SN and Zigbee3.0 protocols;

[0090] The cloud protocol is used to be compatible with MQTT, CoAP, and HTTP / 2, enabling two-way communication between devices and the cloud;

[0091] Industrial protocols are used to support direct communication with the roller and integrate OPC UA and DNP3 protocols;

[0092] Security encryption encrypts the transmitted data;

[0093] Cloud storage is used to provide secure and reliable large-capacity storage space and cross-departmental collaboration. Cloud storage includes data storage, access, and collaboration.

[0094] Data storage is used to archive raw data and processed analysis results for a long time;

[0095] Access and collaboration are used to retrieve data in real time through the network, making it easier for managers and technicians in different geographical locations to view construction progress and parameter changes simultaneously, thus achieving cross-departmental collaborative work.

[0096] In the present invention, various sensors are first installed on the roller. The displacement sensor 13 is used to obtain the roller's travel speed and number of rolling passes in real time. The pressure sensor 14 is used to measure the compaction pressure during the rolling process, and the density meter 15 is used to monitor the soil moisture on the roller's travel path. The data collector 3 converts the collected analog signals into digital signals and transmits them to the data transmission module 4. After that, the wireless communication unit 5 transmits the data to a remote monitoring center or a local display terminal. During this process, the data transmission protocol 6 packages and encodes the data. After the data processing module 7 receives the data, the pre-processing unit 12 will filter, denoise and normalize the transmitted data to remove interference and outliers in the data, making the data more accurate and reliable, which helps to improve the accuracy of subsequent analysis. After receiving the data, the analysis unit 8 will perform in-depth analysis. During this process, the compaction uniformity, moisture content and porosity will be calculated, the number of rolling passes and vibration frequency will be counted, the rolling speed, construction time and rest time will be understood, and a regional compaction distribution map and a high-line map of moisture content will be generated.

[0097] During the construction process, the early warning module 10 actively identifies construction risks and triggers intervention measures by comparing the set thresholds with real-time data. It can not only understand various data during the construction process in real time, but also use dynamic threshold adjustment 17 to adjust to a reasonable threshold range under different environmental conditions, thereby improving the adaptability of the early warning.

[0098] The use of the Internet of Things communication module 11 not only provides safe and reliable large-capacity storage space but also allows real-time data retrieval through the network, making it convenient for managers and technicians in different geographical locations to simultaneously view construction progress and parameter changes, thereby achieving cross-departmental collaborative work. The stored data will be encrypted to prevent data leakage.

[0099] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent system for monitoring compaction parameters of high liquid limit soils, characterized by: It includes a data acquisition module (1), a data transmission module (4), a data processing module (7), an early warning module (10) and an Internet of Things communication module (11); The data acquisition module (1) comprises a sensor unit (2) and a data collector (3), wherein the sensor unit (2) is used to monitor the displacement, pressure and density during the rolling process in real time, and the data collector (3) is used to collect data from the sensor unit (2) and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the analog signal transmitted from the sensor unit (2) to convert it into a digital signal; The data transmission module (4) is used to realize data transmission between the device end and the cloud, and the data transmission module (4) includes a wireless communication unit (5) and a data transmission protocol (6); The data processing module (7) is used to convert the collected and transmitted raw data into effective information that can guide decision-making. The data processing module (7) includes an analysis unit (8), a storage unit (9) and a pre-processing unit (12); The early warning module (10) is used to proactively identify construction risks and trigger intervention measures by comparing with real-time data through threshold settings (16).

2. The intelligent system for monitoring compaction parameters of high liquid limit soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-processing unit (12) is used to filter, denoise and normalize the transmitted data to remove interference and abnormal values ​​in the data; The analysis unit (8) is used to perform in-depth analysis on the pre-processed data; The storage unit (9) is used for temporarily storing the collected original data and the processed and analyzed data.

3. The intelligent system for monitoring compaction parameters of high liquid limit soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless communication unit (5) is used to transmit the data collected by the data collection module (1) to a remote monitoring center or a local display terminal; The data transmission protocol (6) is used to package and encode data.

4. The intelligent system for monitoring compaction parameters of high liquid limit soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The early warning module (10) includes a threshold setting (16), a dynamic threshold adjustment (17) and an alarm unit (18); The threshold setting (16) is used to set a reasonable threshold range for each rolling parameter; The dynamic threshold adjustment (17) is used to adjust the parameter threshold according to factors such as ambient temperature and humidity monitored in real time; The alarm unit (18) is used to send out an alarm signal.

5. The intelligent system for monitoring compaction parameters of high liquid limit soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Internet of Things communication module (11) includes protocol adaptation, security encryption and cloud storage, and the protocol adaptation is used to convert data of different protocols into a unified format; The security encryption is used to encrypt the transmitted data; The cloud storage is used to provide a safe and reliable large-capacity storage space and cross-departmental collaboration.

6. The intelligent system for monitoring compaction parameters of high liquid limit soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The analysis unit (8) includes basic parameters and signal processing; The basic parameters include statistical characteristics, time characteristics and spatial characteristics; The signal processing is used to analyze the vibration signal, extract the main frequency and energy distribution, and process the displacement signal, and then calculate the acceleration and velocity.

7. The intelligent system for monitoring compaction parameters of high liquid limit soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: Said cloud storage includes data storage, access and collaboration; The data storage is used to archive the original data and the processed analysis results for a long time; The access and collaboration are used to retrieve data in real time through the network.

8. The intelligent system for monitoring compaction parameters of high liquid limit soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protocol adaptation includes sensor protocols, cloud protocols and industrial protocols; The sensor protocol is used to support Modbus, MQTT-SN and Zigbee3.0 protocols; The cloud protocol is used to be compatible with MQTT, CoAP, and HTTP / 2 to achieve two-way communication between the device and the cloud; The industrial protocol is used to support direct communication with the roller and integrates OPC UA and DNP3 protocols.

9. The intelligent system for monitoring compaction parameters of high liquid limit soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor unit (2) includes a displacement sensor (13), a pressure sensor (14) and a density measuring instrument (15); The displacement sensor (13) is used to obtain the travel speed and rolling number of the roller in real time; The pressure sensor (14) is used to measure the compaction pressure during the rolling process; The density measuring instrument (15) is used to monitor the soil moisture on the travel path of the roller.

10. The intelligent system for monitoring compaction parameters of high liquid limit soil according to claim 6, characterized in that: The statistical features are used to calculate compaction uniformity, moisture content and void ratio, as well as to calculate the number of rolling passes and vibration frequency; The time feature is used to extract rolling speed, construction time and rest time; The spatial features are used to generate a regional compaction distribution map and a high-line map of water content in combination with location information.

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